This, research would investigate the arms race on Korean Peninsula and, its drawback on regional and International security concerns. United States is key stockholder in the region as a net security provider to many of South East-North Asian countries after World War –II. The weapons contest on the Korean Peninsula is profoundly testing the United States interests in the region. Secondly, the dictatorial system of North Korea is straightforwardly testing the US by starting enemy of mainland ballistic missile program. As per President Kim, North Korea's atomic and ballistic projects are intended to build up "harmony" with U.S. powers.
Thucydides Trap, North Korean missile development and the Fragmentation of St...Dr. Dan EKONGWE
It is written; it was the rise of Athens that led to the attack and declaration of war by Sparta. In this article I expose on how the North Keaeans in its relationship with the particularly the US lives by that principle. I try to show that, and like the Russian president Vladimir Putin said, North Koreans will eat grass only if by that means they will acquire a nuclear weapon. In terms of international relations I explain that the North Koreans are aware of the dangerous nature of the international scene an anarchy that characterises international relations. To them its only the acquisition of nuclear technology that will allow them to to be recognized and taken seriously to sit on the high table of high politics. The Trump - Kim relations speaks for itself
US and South Korea "take muscle" against North Korea with larga scale aerial maneuvers.
Tutorial workgroup featured by International Relationship students from UCSG.
This research basically talks about the human rights and under development in North Korea. It gives a brief insight as to how the industrial relation system is in North Korea and some recommendations the government of North Korea can adopt in its system.
North Korea has successfully launched its Unha-3 SLV and put a satellite into orbit, US officials have confirmed. Seoul and Washington condemned the launch, which is widely seen as a part of North Korea’s ICBM programme, while China expressed ‘regret’. IHS examines the impact and regional implications.
Despite years of international condemnation, diplomacy, and pressure, North Korea has succeeded in developing a relatively small nuclear arsenal, one which is poised for further gradual expansion, in terms of both size and sophistication, in the future.
Considering the necessity of an integral and flexible strategy towards the DPRK’s WMD programs, ant the fact that the proposed end state, to reverse the WMDs programs for 2020, is not achievable for this date, this paper proposes another approach. First, it establishes a realist intermediate end state in 2020 (DPRK accepting the creation of a commission of verification that registers its WMDs capabilities); second, it identifies as the essential precondition - “the main effect,” - to achieve China’s real commitment regarding the coercive measures against North Korea, and the exchange of information about WMDs proliferation with the US; and third, it states some measures intended to achieve the required precondition. For doing so, the actual situation of WMDs in the peninsula is explained, then the challenges for achieving both the end state and the main effect are summarized, and finally, some recommendations for creating the preconditions are asserted.
Thucydides Trap, North Korean missile development and the Fragmentation of St...Dr. Dan EKONGWE
It is written; it was the rise of Athens that led to the attack and declaration of war by Sparta. In this article I expose on how the North Keaeans in its relationship with the particularly the US lives by that principle. I try to show that, and like the Russian president Vladimir Putin said, North Koreans will eat grass only if by that means they will acquire a nuclear weapon. In terms of international relations I explain that the North Koreans are aware of the dangerous nature of the international scene an anarchy that characterises international relations. To them its only the acquisition of nuclear technology that will allow them to to be recognized and taken seriously to sit on the high table of high politics. The Trump - Kim relations speaks for itself
US and South Korea "take muscle" against North Korea with larga scale aerial maneuvers.
Tutorial workgroup featured by International Relationship students from UCSG.
This research basically talks about the human rights and under development in North Korea. It gives a brief insight as to how the industrial relation system is in North Korea and some recommendations the government of North Korea can adopt in its system.
North Korea has successfully launched its Unha-3 SLV and put a satellite into orbit, US officials have confirmed. Seoul and Washington condemned the launch, which is widely seen as a part of North Korea’s ICBM programme, while China expressed ‘regret’. IHS examines the impact and regional implications.
Despite years of international condemnation, diplomacy, and pressure, North Korea has succeeded in developing a relatively small nuclear arsenal, one which is poised for further gradual expansion, in terms of both size and sophistication, in the future.
Considering the necessity of an integral and flexible strategy towards the DPRK’s WMD programs, ant the fact that the proposed end state, to reverse the WMDs programs for 2020, is not achievable for this date, this paper proposes another approach. First, it establishes a realist intermediate end state in 2020 (DPRK accepting the creation of a commission of verification that registers its WMDs capabilities); second, it identifies as the essential precondition - “the main effect,” - to achieve China’s real commitment regarding the coercive measures against North Korea, and the exchange of information about WMDs proliferation with the US; and third, it states some measures intended to achieve the required precondition. For doing so, the actual situation of WMDs in the peninsula is explained, then the challenges for achieving both the end state and the main effect are summarized, and finally, some recommendations for creating the preconditions are asserted.
Jeremy CastellanosBased on the articles assigned this week, .docxchristiandean12115
Jeremy Castellanos
Based on the articles assigned this week, the current threat of nuclear weapons being acquired and used in a terrorist attack is low for several reasons. The Department of Defense defines a nuclear weapon as “a complete assembly (i.e., implosion type, gun type, or thermonuclear type), in its intended ultimate configuration which, upon completion of the prescribed arming, fusing, and firing sequence, is capable of producing the intended nuclear reaction and release of energy.” (Joint Publication 3-11)
Nuclear weapons and material are very hard to acquire and have intense security. Although more countries around the world continue to develop their own nuclear weapon capabilities, it is very unlikely for a country to give nuclear weapons or materials to a terrorist organization. To give a terrorist organization nuclear capabilities is not only very dangerous because terrorists do not abide by any laws or treaties, but is also likely to force a war with opposing countries. There are signed treaties that prevent nuclear proliferation and testing.
The United States has so many different organizations within the Intelligence Community, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Energy that have dedicated units both home and overseas locking down and securing nuclear materials. The United States has an overall mindset, that if we possess nuclear weapons there is a chance that a terrorist organization can too. This is in large due to the rhetoric of our policy makers and media. Although they are trying to take preventive measures, they make terrorist organizations seem more deadly than what they truly are. If everything is a threat, then nothing is a threat.
I think that terrorist trying to achieve nuclear weapons is too hard and is not cost effective. Take for example DAESH right now. They can barely hold their stronghold of Mosul, Iraq and for them to effectively provide logistics, finances and the manpower needed to acquire and build a nuclear weapon is unlikely. They are going to resort to improvised explosive devices (IEDs), vehicle-borne IEDs (VBIEDs), small arms fire and tunnels to continue their operations.
References:
Huessy, P. (2013). Nuclear Zero: World Peace or World Chaos. Family Security Matters, 8.
Wilner, A. S. (2012). Apocalypse Soon? Deterring Nuclear Iran and its Terrorist. Proxies. Comparative Strategy, 31 (1)
Aaron Baca
For this week’s discussion I chose an article called “Are We Prepared?” from the Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). This article evolves around an evaluation of four scenarios involving the potential threat of WMDs occurring in the US. The scenarios include the collapse of the Nonproliferation Regime, Failed WMD-armed State, Biological Terror Campaign and a Nuclear Detonation in a US City. The issues regarding these situations combined can create incomparable obstacles, not .
WEEK 7 Nuclear Weapons and ThreatsLessonWelcome to .docxcockekeshia
WEEK 7: Nuclear Weapons and Threats
Lesson
Welcome to Week 7 of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological and nuclear Threats to the Homeland course!
To put things in perspective so far for this term, “Over 11,500 terrorist attacks occurred in 72 countries in 2010, resulting in approximately 50,000 victims, including almost 13,200 deaths. Although the number of attacks rose by almost 5 percent over the previous year, the number of deaths declined for a third consecutive year, dropping 12 percent from 2009” (The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise 2012). How many of you would have guessed that deaths directly related to terrorism would be declining?
Now let's dive into this week topic -- Nuclear Weapons and Materials Hazards
Is it possible for terrorist organization to develop and employ a suitcase nuclear weapon? Have they are done so? This week we will delve deep into the technical understanding of these weapons, materials, and associated hazards.
In his article titled, How Many and Where Were the Nukes?What the U.S. Government No Longer Wants You to Knowabout Nuclear Weapons During the Cold War, Burr (2006) discloses that, “Declassification decisions on U.S. nuclear weapons information by federal agencies have taken a surprising turn. Security reviewers are treating as ‘classified’ information that has been available in the public record for decades.” He goes on later to say, “excessive secrecy continues to abound in another category of historical nuclear information: the overseas deployment of U.S. nuclear weapons during the Cold War. Information on the deployments that has been publicly available for many years is also being classified by U.S. government agencies” (Burr 2006). This certainly makes us wonder why, because this information was once publicly available.
In the 20th and 21st Century, nuclear weapons are undoubtedly the ultimate weapon of mass destruction. Nuclear weapons ended WWII, and were the primary threat of the Cold War. One to four kilograms of plutonium – that’s all scientists in the Department of Energy estimate is needed to make a small nuclear weapon. They say that the average head weighs eight pounds (FAS n.d.). That’s a weight that a head and four kilograms of plutonium have in common. The explosion that destroyed Nagasaki weighed in at a “hefty” 6.2 kilograms (FAS n.d.). How much money would it take a terrorist organization to build its own nuclear weapon? That answer is not easily determined for several reasons. Black markets drive the price of such a “hot” commodity even higher than it would be in the mainstream market where official researchers and scientists purchase their materials. On the other hand, desperation to acquire materials at any cost is much higher, so “deals” and trades are more common for terrorists who are looking to purchase nuclear materials needed. No matter what one thing is for sure – the price is not low. This poses a problem for terrorists; even though many larger organiz.
USA-North Korea Relations, What Would USA Do to Deal With Problem of North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons?, Policy And Politics International Perspective Paper, H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management, Carnegie Mellon University, Spring 2006
Background Information About USA-North Korea Relations :
North Korea has a centralized government under the rigid control of the communist Korean Workers' Party (KWP), to which all government officials belong. U.S.-North Korea relations developed primarily during the Korean War, but in recent years have been largely defined by the United States' suspicions regarding North Korea's nuclear programs, and North Korea's perception of an imminent U.S. attack. North Korea claims to possess nuclear weapons, and is widely believed to have a substantial arsenal of chemical weapons, deliverable by artillery against South Korea. Different presidents have dealt with North Korea in different ways. Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, the 42nd and 43rd presidents respectively also tried at the beginning of their tenure as president to ignore the brewing problems in North Korea. Their decisions in dealing with North Korea would help to define their early reputations as foreign policy makers. Many similarities can be seen, however, between how Clinton started dealing with North Korea and how Bush started out dealing with North Korea.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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#First_India_NewsPaper
Arm Race on Korean Peninsula Challanges to US security Concerns.
1. ARM RACE IN KOREAN
PENINSULA CHALLENGES TO
US SECURITY CONCERNS
Prepared by: Dostan Baigal
Department of Peace and Conflict Studies
National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad.
2. ABSTRACT
This, research would investigate the arms race on Korean
Peninsula and, its drawback on regional and International
security concerns. United States is key stockholder in the region
as a net security provider to many of South East-North Asian
countries after World War –II. The weapons contest on the
Korean Peninsula is profoundly testing the United States
interests in the region. Secondly, the dictatorial system of North
Korea is straightforwardly testing the US by starting enemy of
mainland ballistic missile program. As per President Kim,
North Korea's atomic and ballistic projects are intended to build
up "harmony" with U.S. powers.
3. The energetic increment in number and extent of missiles
and atomic tests in 2016 and 2017 is reliable with this
objective. Kim may likewise be enjoying all the more brave
inspections, such as exploiting North Korea's atomic and
ballistic projects to militarily seek after unification with the
South Korea. A nuclear equipped North Korea is a threat to
the slight key amicability on the Korean Peninsula and to all
comprehensive security free as a bird.
4. INTRODUCTION
The arm race on Korean peninsula has been a genuine worry for
the universal peace and security. This arm race isn't representing
a genuine danger just to this specific region yet additionally to
international system due to the belief system of North Korea.
The two areas in the Korean peninsula are North Korea and
South Korea and arm race between them. So as to comprehend
the explanation of arm race in the Korean landmass with unique
reference to the contextual analysis of North Korea, it is a lot of
essential to comprehend that why North Korea is expanding its
traditional and non-traditional weapons.
5. CONTINUE…
The principal primary explanation of the North Korea to
engage in arm race was the security reason since North
Korea consider US and South Korea as her foe this is on the
grounds that the North Korea is a strict socialist state and it
has detached itself from the remainder of the world and this
thing was the expansion of the arrangement of the Kim II
Sung belief system of "Juche". The descendent of Kim II
sung likewise received an increasingly inflexible
arrangement and called the military first and this imply they
have official reported that they are going to expand their
safety efforts more.
6. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The historical roots of arms race on Korean Peninsula is the
division of Korea into two separate parts after World War II,
the North part of Korea struggle for reunification is the corner
stone of arm race on the peninsula. However the presence of
United States in South Korea may create more opportunities
for North Korea in the development of strategic weapons.
United States as a net security granter face direct security
challenges from this arm race.
7. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significance of this study is to investigate and explore the
key security challenges to dominant powers, especially to US
security concern because, US is directly involved as a net
security provider to many countries in the region especially to
South Korea and Japan after World War II. This key aspect
may become the reason of arms race on Korean Peninsula and.
Secondly, the non-stop investment on strategic weapons by
North Korea is challenging the regional security as well as
International security.
8. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To, explore the grass roots of arms race in Korean
Peninsula and its consequences.
To, explore the reason of North Korea`s heavy
investment on nuclear weapons.
To, explore the key security concerns of US in Korean
Peninsula.
9. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
How arms race on Korean Peninsula challenge to
regional and international security?
How arms race on Korean Peninsula affects the
security concerns of US in the region?
Why arms race on Korean peninsula become the
center point of concern to US security?
What are the key challenges to North Korean security?
10. HYPOTHESIS
“North Korea`s non-stop heavy investments on strategic
weapons may become primary threat to United States security
interests regionally as well as globally”
11. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.
Theory of realism has been used in this research to analyze the
arms race in Korean Peninsula and challenges to US security
concerns in the region. Realism is a theory that has dominated
the international politics for decades. It is an approach to the
study of international politics which puts power central to the
study of interactions between states. For realists states are the
principal actors as compared to international organizations and
institutions. Realists focus on power politics, security, national
interests, aggression, conflict and war. There are different
trends in realism. My answer is a mix of all of them.
12. RESEARCH GAP
All the available data which I have used as a references of this
study specifically stress on the security challenges of North
Korea's and the arm race on the peninsula. There is least data
and research available on the arm race on Korean peninsula and
challenges to US security concerns. This is the primary gap of
the study.
13. METHODOLOGY
The methodology used in this research is qualitative in nature.
The sources of the collected date is books, journals and
available online internet sources .
14. CONCLUSION
The arm race on Korean peninsula has been a genuine worry
for the universal peace and security.
This arm race isn't representing a genuine danger just to this
specific region yet additionally to international system due to
the belief system of North Korea.
The two areas in the Korean peninsula are North Korea and
South Korea and arm race between them. So as to
comprehend the explanation of arm race in the Korean
landmass with unique reference to the contextual analysis of
North Korea, it is a lot of essential to comprehend that why
North Korea is expanding its traditional and non-traditional
weapons.
15. The key security issue between the USA and North Korea stays
unsolved. While North Korea accepts that lone atomic
opposition can ensure its own security, the USA isn't set up to
acknowledge a North Korean atomic danger to its territory.
The second explanation that North Korea was associated with
arm race and increase Conventional and nonconventional
weapons due to US was supporting the South Korea, its
fundamental adversary and further the belief system of
socialism is additionally insistently controlled by US, which
further expanded the pressure and in this way, it further
advanced toward arms collecting and creation..
16. The weapons contest in the Korean landmass has made
security dilemma in the locale as well as for the remainder of
the world on the grounds that the North Korea is the main
nation after China which has carefully stick to the socialist
philosophy, while it is a danger or challenge for the just and
industrialist world in light of the fact that both are inverse
philosophies and their idea and framework are completely
changed
The difficulties the United States faces in managing North
Korea are numerous and complex and it shows up impossible
that any advancement is inescapable.
17. RECOMMENDATIONS
To minimize the risks of a regional conflict, strategic
miscalculation, or North Korean adventurism, the United States
and its allies should pursue the following recommendations:
1. Stay away from a preventive military strike.
2. Seek after a multipronged strategy reaction. Control and
emergency the board, not war, are the least awful approaches to
deal with North Korea, and both warrant coordination among
the territorial forces.
3. Solid protection and discouragement resources are basic to
convince the North that its adversaries have the ability to limit
the harm of a mounted guns or rocket assault and react to it
adequately.
18. CONTINUE….
The United States, Japan, and South Korea should work to
improve their guard and discouragement resources while
putting forth an attempt to facilitate with Russia and China,
both reciprocally and in the United Nations, on authorizations
and discretion.