This document discusses argument mapping as a tool to stimulate critical thinking. It defines argument mapping as a visual way to show the logical structure of arguments by breaking them into claims and indicating relationships between parts. The document notes that argument mapping is associated with improved critical thinking. It then describes an assignment where students were randomly assigned to prepare arguments using either talking points or argument maps. Results showed that argument mapping led to greater changes in opinion and more questioning of previous assumptions compared to using talking points alone.
What's Kooking? Characterizing India's Emerging Social Network, KooIIIT Hyderabad
Social media has grown exponentially in a short
period, coming to the forefront of communications and online
interactions. Despite their rapid growth, social media platforms
have been unable to scale to different languages globally and
remain inaccessible to many. In this paper, we characterize Koo,
a multilingual micro-blogging site that rose in popularity in 2021,
as an Indian alternative to Twitter. We collected a dataset of 4.07
million users, 163.12 million follower-following relationships, and
their content and activity across 12 languages. We study the user
demographic along the lines of language, location, gender, and
profession. The prominent presence of Indian languages in the
discourse on Koo indicates the platform’s success in promoting
regional languages. We observe Koo’s follower-following network
to be much denser than Twitter’s, comprising of closely-knit
linguistic communities. An N-gram analysis of posts on Koo
shows a #KooVsTwitter rhetoric, revealing the debate comparing
the two platforms. Our characterization highlights the dynamics
of the multilingual social network and its diverse Indian user
base.
What's Kooking? Characterizing India's Emerging Social Network, KooIIIT Hyderabad
Social media has grown exponentially in a short
period, coming to the forefront of communications and online
interactions. Despite their rapid growth, social media platforms
have been unable to scale to different languages globally and
remain inaccessible to many. In this paper, we characterize Koo,
a multilingual micro-blogging site that rose in popularity in 2021,
as an Indian alternative to Twitter. We collected a dataset of 4.07
million users, 163.12 million follower-following relationships, and
their content and activity across 12 languages. We study the user
demographic along the lines of language, location, gender, and
profession. The prominent presence of Indian languages in the
discourse on Koo indicates the platform’s success in promoting
regional languages. We observe Koo’s follower-following network
to be much denser than Twitter’s, comprising of closely-knit
linguistic communities. An N-gram analysis of posts on Koo
shows a #KooVsTwitter rhetoric, revealing the debate comparing
the two platforms. Our characterization highlights the dynamics
of the multilingual social network and its diverse Indian user
base.
A comprehensive presentation based on a qualitative research methodology 'Grounded Theory, presented at Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
Essay Structure Essay structure refers to organization; it.docxSALU18
Essay Structure
Essay structure refers to organization; it refers to how you organize and support the ideas expressed
within your essay.
What are the three essential parts of an essay?
1. Introduction: one – few paragraphs at the beginning of the essay (the length should be in
proportion to the essay as a whole)
2. Body: one – several paragraphs in the middle of the essay
3. Conclusion: one – few paragraphs at the end of the essay (like the introduction, the appropriate
length depends on the length of the essay)
Introduction
• Hook: An opening statement that attempts to grab the attention of your readers. This
attention-grabber can take the form of a question to the reader, anecdote (story), interesting
quotation that relates to your topic, surprising statement, revealing statistic regarding your
topic, statement of opposition, statement of opinion, etc.
o Example of an anecdote hook: I was born on a surprisingly sunny and warm January day
in 1975. [A hook like this would be appropriate for a narrative essay]
• Background information: Any information that is critical to understanding the remainder of your
essay and that you will not cover in the body of the paper
• Thesis: Usually one sentence that summarizes the main point you’ll make throughout the body
of the essay
o Example 1: Students whose high school teachers provide more specialized attention are
more likely to be successful in college.
o Example 2: Parents should enroll their pre-school aged children in daycare programs,
because there are many advantages that students gain in the daycare environment.
o Example 3: The first day of college was significant to me because it is the day that I
dedicated myself to my education and I set a plan in place for achieving my goals.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Body
• Body paragraphs: Each body paragraph should clearly connect to the thesis statement by
helping prove the point made in the thesis. Each paragraph is organized to build upon the other
and should include a specific claim that supports the thesis statement and evidence that
supports that claim.
Proprietary Information of Ashford University, Created by Academics, CR 215591.
Topic Sentence – Sets up the basic topic
[violent video game sale restrictions] and the
basic stance [anti-restrictions of violent video
game sales]
Restatement Sentence –
Clarifies the basic stance of the
Topic Sentence [anti-restrictions
because they would be a First
Amendment violation]
Illustration/Example
Sentence – In this case,
provides a quotation that
supports the claim made
in the Topic and
Restatement Sentences
Analysis Sentence –
Explains how the reader is
to interpret the
example/quotation
provided in the
Illustration/Example
Sentence
Conclusion Sentence – This sentence brings us back to the claim made in
the To ...
Lesson 6.2 Activity: Culture and Collective Learning DebateBig History Project
Does culture count as collective learning? Debate this topic with your classmates and decide if cultural changes occur as a direct result of our ability to learn collectively.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Running head THESIS STATEMENT WORKSHEET1THESIS STATEMENT WO.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: THESIS STATEMENT WORKSHEET
1
THESIS STATEMENT WORKSHEET
2
1. Your poem
a) Daystar by Rita Dove
b) To a daughter leaving home by Linda Pastan
2. Your cultural context:
From “Daystar” and “To a daughter leaving home” Based on the personal story being shared the cultural context depicted show every person role in a social setting.
3. Your topic (funnel method)
a) Broad topic: Family
b) Narrow topic: human responsibility
c) Final topic: appreciate every person
4. Your bid idea based on your topic, i.e. your arguable and defensible claim, argument, option, point of view
Base on the topic enhanced by each poem, it is clear that a family is made up of certain dimensions, which defined how people will relate.
5. Working thesis statements:
Responsibility and appreciating different individuals are the central aspect in the family context.
6. At least three key points you want to argue:
a) How family members relate
b) Importance of family
c) Responsibility as a central context in family
7. The scholarly source you plan to use.
8. Your introduction paragraph and italicized thesis statement
The family is defined by the normal approach given to the society’s traditional approach that is constituted by parents bringing up their children. As a result, every individual in a family setting has different responsibilities that define their existence. In this context, the poems “Daystar” and “To a daughter leaving home” give a description of how close members of a family feel they can depend on one another for caring guidance and support in a more realistic approach. This is further stretched by the bond defined by the daughters and the mothers in poems. Responsibility and appreciating different individuals are the central aspect in the family context.
References
Dove, R. (1986). Thomas and Beulah : poems. Pittsburgh: Carnegie-Mellon University Press
Pastan, L. (1988). The imperfect paradise : poems. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Module – 7: CASE STUDY
QUESTIONS
1. Why are the data that Jack has gathered qualitative in nature?
2. Describe the sampling technique that Jack used. Using the sampling techniques described in Chapter 13 and summarized in table 13.2 on page 254, which type technique do you think Jack used? Do you think the technique was appropriate? What are its strengths and weaknesses? Would another technique have been better? Explain your answers.
3. Describe the three steps in qualitative data analysis (data reduction, data display, and the drawing of conclusions) on the basis of Jack’s study.
4. Jack has not paid any attention to the reliability and validity of his results in the first
draft of his study.
a. Discuss reliability and validity in qualitative research.
b. Describe how Jack could have paid attention to the reliability and validity of his findings.
5. Please categorize the following three responses into Jack’s classification system.
It is possible that you experienced s ...
Материалы для подготовки к проведению дебатов в формате Карла ПоппераGalina Trushkina
Материалы для подготовки к проведению дебатов в формате Карла Поппера: структура, кейс, аргументация, распределение ролей, время раундов, контраргументы.
Effective Use of Surveys in UX | Triangle UXPA WorkshopAmanda Stockwell
On a scale of 1-10, how much do you love this workshop?
Ok, hopefully that is an obviously bad question, both because it hasn't happened yet and because it has some bias baked right in. But take a quick look around all the surveys floating out in the world, and they often don't seem much better. Surveys can be a powerful tool for a UX researcher, but many of us haven't learned how to get the most out of them. In this workshop we'll cover:
Best use cases for surveys (and when to avoid them)
An overview of question types
Guidelines for writing effective, unbiased survey questions
Tips to increase overall engagement and participation
Hands on practice crafting surveys
Basic survey analysis
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
Argument mapping
1. ARGUMENT MAPPING AS TOOL TO
STIMULATE CRITICAL THINKING
P AU S W E 2 0 1 3
L E AH H A M I L T O N , M S W , P H D
AS S I S T AN T P R O F E S S O R AN D F I E L D E D U C A T I O N D I R E C T O R
J U N I AT A C O L L E G E
2. WHAT IS ARGUMENT MAPPING?
• Definition: “Argument mapping is a way to visually
show the logical structure of arguments. You break
up an argument into its constituent claims, and use
lines, boxes… and location to indicate the
relationships between the various parts. The
resulting map allows us to see exactly how each
part of an argument is related to every other part.”
Source: Ostwald, J. (2013). Argument mapping-The basics. Retrieved from
http://www.jostwald.com/ArgumentMapping/ARGUMENT%20MAPPING.pdf.
3. WHY USE ARGUMENT MAPPING?
• Human have
evolved to be
“pattern seeking,
story-telling
animals”.
• If a statement
makes intuitive
sense, it will be
believed.
4. WHY USE ARGUMENT MAPPING?
• Most people do not
naturally exhibit
critical thinking.
• Most people are
unable to provide
reasons for their
opinions.
• Critical thinking is a
learned skill.
5. WHY USE ARGUMENT MAPPING?
• There is no “magic
bullet.”
• Critical thinking is
not learned by
osmosis.
• Argument mapping
is associated with
improved critical
thinking.
6. WHAT DOES AN ARGUMENT MAP LOOK LIKE?
Source: Van Gelder, T. (2009). Argument mapping. Retrieved from http://timvangelder.com/2009/02/17/what-is-
argument-mapping/.
7. THE ASSIGNMENT: 4 RANDOMLY
ASSIGNED GROUPS
• Group 1: Choose a speaker for your group. As a group, you will prepare
your speaker to defend the following statement. “Deficient values in poor
families are responsible for the poverty experienced by this population.”
As a group, prepare talking points for your speaker to use in a larger
classroom debate.
• Group 2: Choose a speaker for your group. As a group, you will prepare
your speaker to defend the following statement. “Deficient values in poor
families are responsible for the poverty experienced by this population.”
As a group, you will create an argument map (see instructions attached)
to prepare your speaker for a larger classroom debate.
• Group 3: Choose a speaker for your group. As a group, you will prepare
your speaker to defend the following statement. “Internal
colonization/economic marginalization are responsible for the poverty
experienced by poor families.” As a group, prepare talking points for your
speaker to use in a larger classroom debate.
• Group 4: Choose a speaker for your group. As a group, you will prepare
your speaker to defend the following statement. “Internal
colonization/economic marginalization are responsible for the poverty
experienced by poor families.” As a group, you will create an argument
map (see instructions attached) to prepare your speaker for a larger
classroom debate.
8. Argument Mapping
Definition: “Argument mapping is a way to visually show the logical structure of arguments. You break
up an argument into its constituent claims, and use lines, boxes… and location to indicate the
relationships between the various parts. The resulting map allows us to see exactly how each part of an
argument is related to every other part.”1
Instructions: You will create an argument using the statement given (i.e., regarding the causes of
poverty among low-income families) as your contention. Brainstorm the reasons and assumptions for
this contention. If you have time, also consider any possible objections.
Example2:
1
Ostwald, J. (2013). Argument mapping-The basics. Retrieved from
http://www.jostwald.com/ArgumentMapping/ARGUMENT%20MAPPING.pdf.
2
Van Gelder, T. (2009). Argument mapping. Retrieved from http://timvangelder.com/2009/02/17/what-is-
argument-mapping/.
9. PRETEST
• ID# (Choose a random 3 digit number. Save this
number in your notes for future reference.):
• Group # (circle one): 1 2 3 4
• Please indicate (circle one) the degree to
which you personally agree with the statement
that your group has been assigned to defend:
1------------------2-----------------3---------------4---------------5
Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree
10. POSTTEST
• ID# (Include the same 3 digit number from your pretest):
• Group # (circle one): 1 2 3 4
• Please indicate (circle one) the degree to which you personally
agree with the statement that your group has been assigned to
defend:
1--------------------------2-------------------3------------------------4----------------------------5
Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree disagree
• How did this activity influence your original opinion on the issue (circle
one)?
1. My opinion did not change at all.
2. My opinion did not change, but this activity did cause me to question some of my
previous assumptions.
3. This activity has caused me to question my previous assumptions and now I am not
sure how I feel about the issue.
4. During this activity, my opinion on the issue changed.
11. TALKING POINTS VS. ARGUMENT
MAPPING
3 2.714
2.5
2
2
1.5
1 0.7857
0.5 0.2857
0
Opinion Change Average (Q1) Nature of Influence Average
(Q2)
Talking Points Argument Mapping
12. VALUES VS. MARGINALIZATION
3.5 3.1667
3
2.5
2 1.75
1.5
1 0.6667
0.4375
0.5
0
Opinion Change Average (Q1) Nature of Influence Average
(Q2)
Values Marginalization
13. REFERENCES & DISCUSSION
• Van Gelder, T. (2005). Teaching Critical Thinking:
Some Lessons From Cognitive Science. College
Teaching, 53(1), 41–48. doi:10.3200/CTCH.53.1.41-48
• Van Gelder, T., Bissett, M., & Cumming, G. (2004).
Cultivating expertise in informal reasoning.
Canadian journal of experimental
psychology, 58(2), 142–52. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15285604
• Are there better ways to measure this activity?
• Would this activity be applicable in your classes?
• Are there other ways for students to practice the art
of critical thinking?
Human beings did not evolve into critical thinkers. Human have evolved to be “pattern seeking, story-telling animals”.In other words, if a statement makes intuitive sense, it will be believed.
Most people do not naturally exhibit critical thinking.Most people are unable to provide reasons for their opinions.Critical thinking is a learned skill.Critical thinking is a difficult skill that must be developed with practice.
There is no “magic bullet.” Most faculty assume that students will gain the skills of critical thinking by osmosis. Instead, this needs to be a practiced skill. Students in an undergraduate Critical Thinking course performed much better when the course included a heavy use of argument mapping (Van Gelder, Bissett, & Cumming, 2004). The concept of critical thinking is especially salient in social work education courses where we address common stereotypes about client populations and inequality.
Groups assigned alphabetically
A handout for the argument mappers:
Because I had a small N (14), my results are far from significant. I didn’t even test for significance. Instead, I looked at the average degrees of change. So, if a student originally answered that they were “neutral” on the issue, which is coded as a 3, but ended at a 4 (disagree), there rate of change was 1. In this graph, I looked at the differences between groups that were assigned talking points versus argument mapping. 1st question (to what degree do you agree with this statement?): Students who were assigned to create talking points had an average change rate of .2875. Students assigned to create an argument map had an average rate of change of .7857.2nd question (how did this activity influence your original opinion?): talking points reported an average of 2 (My opinion did not change, but this activity did cause me to question some of my previous assumptions.) argument mapping reported an average of 2.714, which is closer to 3 (This activity has caused me to question my previous assumptions and now I am not sure how I feel about the issue.)
In this chart, I looked at students who were assigned to look at the values versus marginalization statements. 1st question (to what degree do you agree with this statement?): students defending the values statement had an average rate of change of .4375, marginalization=.6667.2nd question (how did this activity influence your original opinion?): students defending the values statement reported an average of 1.75, close to 2 (My opinion did not change, but this activity did cause me to question some of my previous assumptions) and those defending the marginalization argument reported an average of 3.1667 (This activity has caused me to question my previous assumptions and now I am not sure how I feel about the issue.)