The document discusses HIPAA privacy and security requirements. It defines what protected health information (PHI) is and explains that the Privacy Rule establishes regulations for use and disclosure of PHI. Covered entities like health plans, providers, and clearinghouses must comply with HIPAA and face penalties for violations. The Security Rule also requires administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect electronic PHI. The document reviews examples of PHI and provides guidance on complying with HIPAA privacy standards.
The doctor -patient relationship is complex one. A lot of factors come into play. These are to do with doctor's own personality, family background, workload, work environment etc. Also matter the patient's background, education, etc
Mostly it is to do with workload and to some extent the patient's repeated silly questions which needs common sense and not medical knowledge to answer. When confronted with such situations just nod your head rather then give a rude reply. In my opinion rudeness should be avoided at all cost.
The doctor -patient relationship is complex one. A lot of factors come into play. These are to do with doctor's own personality, family background, workload, work environment etc. Also matter the patient's background, education, etc
Mostly it is to do with workload and to some extent the patient's repeated silly questions which needs common sense and not medical knowledge to answer. When confronted with such situations just nod your head rather then give a rude reply. In my opinion rudeness should be avoided at all cost.
A talk I gave in Al-Zaem Al-Azhary university on Thursday, 15/5/2014
Outline:
What do we mean by breaking bad news (BBN)?
Which news is bad? really bad? Like really, really bad !
Why should we care about BBN?
Ethical
Professional
Legal
BBN as part of the Communication Cycle/Pathway
Practical approaches to BBN:
SPIKES
ABCDE
BREAKS
The Do Not's in BBN
BBN - Breaking Bad News is difficult task for Junior doctors in India as it was not in the Curriculum unlike Western countries. So this slide will give you the Facts / Methods with Description of one method & Key points.
A talk I gave in Al-Zaem Al-Azhary university on Thursday, 15/5/2014
Outline:
What do we mean by breaking bad news (BBN)?
Which news is bad? really bad? Like really, really bad !
Why should we care about BBN?
Ethical
Professional
Legal
BBN as part of the Communication Cycle/Pathway
Practical approaches to BBN:
SPIKES
ABCDE
BREAKS
The Do Not's in BBN
BBN - Breaking Bad News is difficult task for Junior doctors in India as it was not in the Curriculum unlike Western countries. So this slide will give you the Facts / Methods with Description of one method & Key points.
PowerPoint presentation from the Human Subjects Research Committee at the University of North Alabama,
in Florence, AL, concerning HIPAA policies and procedures.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
1. Are You HIPAA Safe?
TriageLogic Orientation/Training
Updated 1.23.2015
2. What is HIPAA?
• HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996).
• The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) established a
set of national standards for the protection of certain health information-
Called “Privacy Rule”.
• These standards address the use and disclosure of an individuals health
information by organizations subject to the Privacy Rule.
• They also set standards for individuals’ privacy rights so that consumers
understand and can control how their health information is used.
3. In a Nutshell…
• The Privacy Act was intended to:
1. Protects clients
2. Reduce fraud
3. Improve the quality of care
4. Set strict standards for how PHI is transmitted.
4. Who must comply?
• Health Care Providers: Any provider of medical or other health Services
that bills or is paid for healthcare in the normal course of business.
• Health Care Clearinghouse: Businesses that process or facilitate the
processing of health information received from other businesses. Example:
Companies that provide physician and hospital billing services.
• Health Plans: Individuals or group plans that provide or pay the cost of
medical care- including both Medicare and Medicaid programs.
5. Penalties for not complying…
• Fines up to $250,000 and or civil or criminal charges including up
to 10 years in jail.
6. HIPAA : Title 1 and 2
• Title 1: Health Care Access, Portability and Renewability.
Designed to protect health insurance coverage for workers and their families
when they change or lose their jobs.
7. Title II
• Title II : Preventing Health Care Fraud and Abuse; Administrative
Simplification; Medical Liability Reform. Title II is broken down
into 5 rules. The 2 which are of most interest to health care
providers are:
• The Privacy Rule
• The Security Rule
8. The Privacy Rule
• Establishes regulations for the use and disclosure of Protected
Health Information (PHI).
• PHI= ANY information about a persons health status, provision of
health care, payment, and medical records- Basically ANYTHING
that identifies an individual.
9. Examples of PHI
• Name
• Address
• Name of relatives
• Name of employers
• Date of Birth
• Telephone Number
• Fax Number
• Email Address
• Social Security Number
• Health Plan Number
• VIN numbers
• License Numbers
• Account Numbers
• URL
• Finger or voice prints
• Photographic images
• “any other unique
identifying code or
characteristic”.
10. The Privacy Rule
• Requires that providers keep a record of all disclosures.
• Providers must chart their interactions with others.
• Have/use release of information forms
• Make privacy policies and procedures available upon request.
11. The Security Rule
• 3 specific types:
• Administrative
• Physical
• Technical
12. Administrative Safeguards
• These are policies and procedures that show how a practice will
comply with HIPAA (TriageLogic Policy and Procedure Manual)
13. Physical Safeguards
• Physical Safeguards are those expectations to physically monitor
any inappropriate access to protected data.
• This part of the Rule says that hardware and software must be
introduced safely and be removed properly.
14. Office Space must be secure also
• Office space must also be a physical safeguard. Steps you should
follow:
• make sure your computer screen faces away from where
persons might see your screen
• lock your screen if you walk away from your computer
• do not give anyone your passwords
• minimize your screen if someone walks into your office.
• Do not allow others to utilize your work computer.
• Work in a quiet environment with a door so you can block out
“home noise”.
15. Ways to stay compliant…
• Always: be aware of where you are, who is around you and what
information can be seen or heard. Take reasonable measures to
minimize the chance of incidental disclosures to others.
• Don’t: Browse through a patient’s chart/note or other files out of
curiosity. Access only the portions of the medical record that you
need to perform your specific role.
16. Incidental Disclosures
• Incidental Disclosure: generally refers to a sharing of PHI that
occurs related to an allowable disclosure of PHI.
An “incidental disclosure” is allowed if steps are taken to
limit them.
• For example, visitors may hear a patient’s name as it’s called out in a
waiting room or overhear a clinical discussion as they are walking down a
hallway on the unit.
17. If Protections Are in Place:
• You can talk about patient conditions in our education programs.
• Prescriptions can be discussed with the patient by phone.
• Messages can be left on answering machines or with those who
answer the phone, but the message should be limited to minimum
necessary and sensitive information should not be used.
18. Electronic Communication
• Faxes, emails and computer printouts may contain patient
information.
• Never send PHI over an unsecured method.
• No PHI should EVER be emailed.
• Designated individuals have authority to print PHI and they must
have a crisscross shredder available and immediately shred the
information as soon as they are finished using it.
19. Written Permission is not needed
• As required by law, such as reporting abuse or neglect.
• For law enforcement.
• For organ donation organizations.
• To medical examiners and funeral directors.
• To avoid threats to health and safety.
• For certain research activities if the IRB has granted a waiver.
20. Patient Rights
• The Privacy Rule gives patients the right to:
• have their PHI protected.
• inspect and copy their records.
• request that PHI in their records be corrected or changed.
• ask for limits on how their PHI is used or shared.
• ask that they be contacted in a specific way, such as at work
and not at home.
• get a list of disclosures made of their PHI.
21. Our responsibility
• Anyone that works with PHI is legally and ethically responsible
and accountable for maintaining the privacy and confidentiality
of protected health information (PHI).
25. Which of the following is not a way to ensure
security
A. Keeping your computer screen tilted away from public areas
B. Locking up laptops and other portable devices when not in use
C. Leaving a shared computer logged on, so your coworker doesn’t have to log
on all over again
D. Selecting secure passwords
E. Making sure doors and desks are locked as appropriate
26. C. Leaving a shared computer logged on, so
your coworker doesn’t have to log on all
over again
29. How can you protect PHI in your office
setting?
30. ANSWER:
• 1. Make sure your computer screen faces away from where
persons might see your screen
2. Lock your screen if you walk away from your computer
do not give anyone your passwords
3. Minimize your screen if someone walks into your office.
4. Do not allow others to utilize your work computer.
5. If working from home, work in a quiet environment with a door
so you can block out “home noise”.