Approaches to organizational behaviour

1. APPROACHES TO
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Anuttama Banerjee

2.  Scientific management approach was developed by
F.W. Taylor at the beginning of the 20th century
 Time and Motion study was conducted and work was
made simplified and time saving
 Critics said that the methods took the humanity out
of labor, reducing workers to machines responding to
management incentives
Scientific Management Approach

3. Bureaucratic Approach
 The theory's most prominent advocate, Max Weber,
proposed a 'bureaucratic form' of structure, which he
thought would work for all organizations.
 This was severely criticized as Weber tried to use
one approach to all organizations

4. Hawthorne Studies
 Even, as Taylor and Weber brought attention with
their rational, logical approaches to more efficient
productivity, their views were criticized on the ground
that both approaches ignored worker's humanity.
 Effect of illumination on production was supposed to
be tested but it was finally found out that both groups
who worked with poor physical condition and good
physical condition produced almost the same
quantity.
 This led to the feeling that human attention improved
the production, which was ignored for so long.

5. Human Resources Approach
 The human resources approach is concerned with
the growth and development of people towards
higher levels of competency, creativity and
fulfillment, because people are the central resource
in any organization
 Helps employees become better in terms of work
and responsibility and then it tries to create a climate
in which they can contribute to the best of their
improved abilities

6. Contingency Approach
 A contingency approach to organizational behaviour
implies that different situations require different
behavioral practices for effectiveness instead of
following a traditional approach for all situations
 Each situation must be analyzed carefully to
determine the significant variables that exist in order
to establish the more effective practices
 The strength of this approach is that it encourages
analysis of each situation prior to action

7. Productivity Approach
 Productivity is a ratio that compares units of output
with units of input. It is often measured in terms of
economic inputs and outputs
 But besides economic inputs and outputs, human
and social inputs and outputs also are important.

8. Systems Approach
 A system is an interrelated part of an organization or
a society that interacts with everyone related to that
organization or society and functions as a whole
 Within the organization 'people' employ 'technology'
in performing the 'task' that they are responsible for,
while the 'structure' of the organization serves as a
basis for coordinating all their different activities

9. Interdisciplinary Approach
 Organizational behaviour is basically an
interdisciplinary approach. It draws heavily from
other disciplines like psychology, sociology and
anthropology
 Organizational behaviour integrates the relevant
contents of these disciplines to make them
applicable for organizational analysis