Approach to a wheezing child
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Wheezing in children can be caused by narrowed airways from conditions like asthma or tracheomalacia. It is heard more during expiration and can be either a single pitch (monophonic) indicating large airway obstruction, or multiple pitches (polyphonic) indicating different levels of obstruction throughout the airways. Children are more prone to wheezing due to increased airway resistance, less compliant chest walls, and differences in cartilage composition compared to adults. A thorough history, physical exam assessing signs of air trapping, and diagnostic testing can help identify the underlying cause and guide treatment and prevention strategies.
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Dd wheezy chest in infant for fm
The document defines a wheeze as a high-pitched sound caused by narrowed airways, discusses the differential diagnosis and symptoms of conditions that can cause wheezing like bronchiolitis, asthma, and pneumonia. It also provides details on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in infants, noting that the mainstay of treatment is supportive care while reserving medications for severe cases.
Wheezy chest in pediatrics
Wheezy chest in pediatric age group can be caused by various acute and chronic conditions. Acute causes include reactive airway disease from infections or inhalation. Chronic or recurrent causes include recurrent infections, asthma, cystic fibrosis, foreign body aspiration, and intrinsic airway lesions. Evaluation of a wheezing child involves obtaining a clinical history and performing a physical examination, chest X-ray, and other tests as needed based on findings. Management depends on the underlying cause but may include bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and addressing any underlying risk factors.
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Wheezing refers to high pitched whistling sounds caused by partial obstruction of the bronchi and bronchioles. It can be caused by factors inside or involving the walls of the airways. Common causes of wheezing include bronchial asthma, lower respiratory tract infections in young children, brochiolitis in infants under 2 years old, tropical eosinophilia in adults, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Wheezing is categorized as episodic, multi-trigger, transient, persistent, or late onset based on triggers and duration of symptoms. Diagnosis involves examining the patient's history of symptoms, triggers, severity, and response to treatment as well as clinical assessments, lung function tests, imaging, and allergy
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1. RSV is the commonest c/of bronchiolitis - True
2. ABT is usually required in B - False
3. Most B are later associated with BA - True
4. In EBF babies B is rare - True
5. Anticholingergic nebulization is beneficial in B - False
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Pneumonia is a common lung infection in children characterized by fever, respiratory symptoms, and evidence of lung involvement on physical exam or chest imaging. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. Clinical features include tachypnea, cough, hypoxemia, and abnormal breath sounds. Chest x-ray is used to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves antibiotics, oxygen, and hospitalization for severe cases. Prevention strategies include vaccination, hand hygiene, and reducing hospital-acquired infections.
CH Asthma- POWER.pptxJABJXABZBX XCzcXczxc
This document provides an outline and overview of childhood asthma. It covers the epidemiology, etiology, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis of childhood asthma. Some key points include:
- Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory lung disease in children that causes episodic airflow obstruction.
- It affects boys more than girls and children from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Prevalence has increased about 50% per decade.
- Causes include both environmental and genetic factors. Recurrent viral infections can trigger wheezing in early childhood.
- Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing, and limited activity. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and improvement with bronchodil
CH Asthma- POWER.pptxbasxjzbadavnbnbnzvcnnz
This document provides an outline and overview of childhood asthma. It discusses the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of asthma in children. Key points include that asthma is among the most common chronic diseases in children, affecting boys more than girls and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The causes are multifactorial involving both environmental and genetic factors. Clinical diagnosis is based on symptoms of wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Management involves controlling symptoms and exacerbations through medication and addressing triggers.
Aspiration pneumonia
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Understand, evaluate, diagnose and treat stridor trough clinical cases
1. Stridor is a high-pitched noise caused by turbulent airflow through a partially obstructed extrathoracic airway, heard predominantly on inspiration.
2. The most common causes of stridor in children are laryngomalacia and viral croup, which can often be diagnosed based on history and physical exam.
3. A thorough history regarding the age of onset, progression, and exacerbating/relieving factors can help identify the underlying cause, while physical exam may reveal signs like drooling, neck extension, or skin lesions that suggest specific diagnoses.
Bronchial Asthama
Asthma is a very common condition affecting around 1 in 11 children. It places a large disease burden due to associated morbidity and mortality. Effective management of asthma requires regular review to assess control, inhaler technique, patient understanding and compliance, and to question the accuracy of the diagnosis.
Respiratory lecture nurs 3340 spring 2017
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Otitis media with effusion in children
Otitis media with effusion, also called glue ear, serous otitis media is a very common problem encounterd in children . most of the times it is missed leading to deafness , social adjustment disorders, poor scholastic performance of kids. this slideshare is to create an awareness amonf general physicians and ENT specialists
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Approach to a child with acute respiratory infections
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Build Trust and Security:
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Encourage Expression:
Enable children to articulate their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
Promote Emotional Understanding:
Help children identify and understand their own emotions and the emotions of others.
Enhance Listening Skills:
Develop children’s ability to listen attentively and respond appropriately.
Foster Positive Relationships:
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Support Learning and Development:
Aid cognitive and language development through engaging and meaningful conversations.
Teach Social Skills:
Encourage polite, respectful, and empathetic interactions with others.
Resolve Conflicts:
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This lays foundation of scoping research project what are the
Before embarking on a research project, especially one aimed at scoping and defining parameters like the one described for health tech IT, several crucial considerations should be addressed. Here’s a comprehensive guide covering key aspects to ensure a well-structured and successful research initiative:
1. Define Research Objectives and Scope
Clear Objectives: Define specific goals such as understanding market needs, identifying new opportunities, assessing risks, or refining pricing strategies.
Scope Definition: Clearly outline the boundaries of the research in terms of geographical focus, target demographics (e.g., age, socio-economic status), and industry sectors (e.g., healthcare IT).
3. Review Existing Literature and Resources
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing research, market reports, and relevant literature to build foundational knowledge.
Gap Analysis: Identify gaps in existing knowledge or areas where further exploration is needed.
4. Select Research Methodology and Tools
Methodological Approach: Choose appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or data analytics.
Tools and Resources: Select tools like Google Forms for surveys, analytics platforms (e.g., SimilarWeb, Statista), and expert consultations.
5. Ethical Considerations and Compliance
Ethical Approval: Ensure compliance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects.
Data Privacy: Implement measures to protect participant confidentiality and adhere to data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA).
6. Budget and Resource Allocation
Resource Planning: Allocate resources including time, budget, and personnel required for each phase of the research.
Contingency Planning: Anticipate and plan for unforeseen challenges or adjustments to the research plan.
7. Develop Research Instruments
Survey Design: Create well-structured surveys using tools like Google Forms to gather quantitative data.
Interview and Focus Group Guides: Prepare detailed scripts and discussion points for qualitative data collection.
8. Sampling Strategy
Sampling Design: Define the sampling frame, size, and method (e.g., random sampling, stratified sampling) to ensure representation of target demographics.
Participant Recruitment: Plan recruitment strategies to reach and engage the intended participant groups effectively.
9. Data Collection and Analysis Plan
Data Collection: Implement methods for data gathering, ensuring consistency and validity.
Analysis Techniques: Decide on analytical approaches (e.g., statistical
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"Market Research it too text-booky, I am in the market for a decade, I am living research book" this is what the founder I met on the event claimed, few of my colleagues rolled their eyes. Its true that one cannot over look the real life experience, but one cannot out beat structured gold mine of market research.
Many 0 to 1 startup founders often overlook market research, but this critical step can make or break a venture, especially in health tech.
But Why do they skip it?
Limited resources—time, money, and manpower—are common culprits.
"In fact, a survey by CB Insights found that 42% of startups fail due to no market need, which is like building a spaceship to Mars only to realise you forgot the fuel."
Sudharsan Srinivasan
Operational Partner Pitchworks VC Studio
Overconfidence in their product’s success leads founders to assume it will naturally find its market, especially in health tech where patient needs, entire system issues and regulatory requirements are as complex as trying to perform brain surgery with a butter knife. Additionally, the pressure to launch quickly and the belief in their own intuition further contribute to this oversight. Yet, thorough market research in health tech could be the key to transforming a startup's vision into a life-saving reality, instead of a medical mishap waiting to happen.
Example of Market Research working
Innovaccer, founded by Abhinav Shashank in 2014, focuses on improving healthcare delivery through data-driven insights and interoperability solutions. Before launching their platform, Innovaccer conducted extensive market research to understand the challenges faced by healthcare organizations and the potential for innovation in healthcare IT.
Identifying Pain Points: Innovaccer surveyed healthcare providers to understand their difficulties with data integration, care coordination, and patient engagement. They found widespread frustration with siloed systems and inefficient workflows.
Competitive Analysis: Analyzed competitors offering similar solutions in healthcare analytics and interoperability. Identified gaps in comprehensive data aggregation, real-time analytics, and actionable insights.
Regulatory Compliance: Ensured their platform complied with HIPAA and other healthcare data privacy regulations. This compliance was crucial to gaining trust from healthcare providers wary of data security issues.
Customer Validation: Conducted pilot programs with several healthcare organizations to validate the platform's effectiveness in improving care outcomes and operational efficiency. Gathered feedback to refine features and user interface.
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Approach to a wheezing child
- 1. APPROACH TO A WHEEZING CHILD BY Dr. Jyothi
- 2. INTRODUCTION • WHEEZE: a continuous & musical sound that originates due to oscillations in narrowed airways. • Heard in Expiration more commonly than inspiration depending on severity. • Sign of LRT airway obstruction • MONOPHONIC: single pitch; large airways: distal tracheomalacia, bronchomalacia • POLYPHONIC: various pitches: different levels of airway obstruction: Asthma
- 3. WHY CHILDREN ARE MORE PRONE TO WHEEZE? • Resistance • Compliance of chest wall • Cartilage composition • Immunologic and molecular influences
- 4. DDs of wheezing child
- 5. ETIOLOGY
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- 7. Pertinent medical history in wheezing infant
- 9. Air trapping
- 12. Treatment
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