EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
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1. Oxytocin (Pitocin) Use During
Labor and Postpartum
•
Kenithia Evans RN BSN
• Fall 2015
• MSNE 5356
• Professor Elizabeth Long
2. Oxytocin (Pitocin)
● Known as the “Love hormone”
● Clear, odorless fluid; concentrated in ringer's lactate
● Routes of administration include intravenous and
intramuscular
● Close monitoring is advised
● Dosage depends on reason for use
3. Pathophysiology of Labor
● Labor is split into 3 stages including:
● Stage 1: Latent and active phases
● Stage 2: Complete dilation to delivery
● Stage 3: Delivery of the placenta and post
partum begins.
• Research has shown that when the fetus is ready to breath on its on
outside of the uterus, it releases a small amount of surfactant which is
the hormone that may trigger labor. (Amis, 2007)
4. Intended Drug Response
● This medication cause promotion of contractions by causing an
increase at the inter cellular level of CA2+
● The intended response would be a uterine contraction pattern
occurring every 2-3 minutes with contractions lasting 40-60
seconds.
● In the postpartum stage, the intended drug response is to induce
uterine contractions and decrease bleeding.
6. Adverse Drug Reactions
• Some adverse reactions include:
afibrogenemia, jaundice, nausea,
ocular hemorrhage, postpartum
hemorrhage, seizures, vomiting,
uterine rupture, fetal brdycardia,
hematoma, hypertension, cervical
laceration, and even blurred vision.
(Clinical Pharmacology, 2015)
7. Side Effects
● Side effects of Oxytocin can be mild or severe. These side
effects include:
Nausea
Vomiting
runny nose
memory issues
increased intensity and frequency of contractions
8. Pharmacokinetics
● Absorption
• this medication is given
intravenously so it does not
have to cross cell membranes
to be absorbed. (drugs.com,
2015)
● Bioavailability
● Steady state is reached
between 20-40 minutes with
IV administration
● Excretion
● excretion of Oxytocin is
performed through the
plasma by oxytocinases
through the hepatic and
renal systems (liver and
kidneys). (drugs.com, 2015)
● Distribution
• This is where the medication
travels to the receptors in the
myometrium to induce uterine
contractions.
9. Drug Binding Issues
• Drug binding issues can occur when one medication
causes inhibition of another medications binding
capabilities. In this case, I chose Hemabate. This
medication can cause binding issues because both
medication act on the receptors of the myometrium.
When Oxytocin is unable to bind properly, toxicity may
become an issue.
10. Communication Improvement
● When Oxytocin administration
is occurring, the nurse should
be communicating with the
physician and the pharmacist to
ensure that patient safety is
priority
● Use of the communication board
in the room is also very important
so that the goal of care are being
implemented by all members of
the interprofessional staff.
11. Application to Practice Setting
● Policies and procedures within a facility should be reviewed
and updated frequently to ensure that nurses and other
healthcare professionals are utilizing current standards.
● Monitoring of the patient as well as the fetal monitoring
system is also of high importance.
12. Works Cited
Amis, D. (2007). Care Practice #1: Labor Begins on Its Own. The Journal of Perinatal Education, 16(3), 16–20
http://doi.org/10.1624/105812407X217093
Retrieved October 29, 2015, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1948087/
Arcangelo, V.P., & Peterson, A., (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed). Philadelphis, PA:
Lippincott Williams, & Wilkins.
DoublecheckMD(2015). Steady state of oxytocin. Retrieved on November 13,2015 from
http://doublecheckmd.com/DrugDetail.do?dname=Syntocinon&sid=2210&view=pk
Drugs.com, (2015). Oxytocin. Retrieved November 10, 2015 from http://www.drugs.com/pro/oxytocin.html
Drugs.com, (2015). Hemabate. Retrieved November 10, 2015 from http://www.drugs.com/pro/hemabate.html
