This document discusses education governance and policy in Pakistan. It outlines that the state is responsible for providing free and compulsory education to children aged 5-16. The key aspects of education governance discussed include policy formulation, planning, curriculum development, teacher training, and oversight of private schools. It notes challenges like absenteeism, "ghost" teachers and schools, and lack of facilities and resources. The document was prepared for a meeting on education governance in Sindh that aimed to discuss the current state of education and improve accountability, media coverage, and stakeholder engagement in education policies.

2. Prepared by:
Anwar Abbas Laghari

3. The processes of interaction and
decision-making among the actors
involved in a collective problem that
lead to the
creation, reinforcement, or
reproduction of social norms and
institutions.

4. *
*Promotes effective delivery of
education & services.
*The overarching framework that
determines the policy of the State to
meet its goals and targets.
*The responsibility to ensure that
Quality education is available to all.
*Without distinction or discrimination.

5. *
*Policy Formulation
*Planning
*Curriculum Development
*National Standards of Education
*Financial Funding
*A National Framework for Monitoring and
Evaluation of Policy Implementation.

6. *Textbook Development
*Teacher Training
*Recruitment
*College Education
*Registration of private sector’s
educational institutions
*Issuance of detailed policy guidelines to
the district governments for effective
service delivery

7. Three tiers: District, Tehsil and Union.
*School education is primarily
responsibility
*Monitoring
*Administrative arrangements
*Managing resources
*Record Management
*Parent-Teachers Associations

8. *.
The state is responsible to provide the
'free' and 'compulsory' education to all
children aged 5–16 in Pakistan.

9. *
*Provide education for all as a guaranteed
Fundamental Right.
Section 37(2) - 1973 Specifically entails:
The State shall:
*Promote, with special care, the educational and
economic interests of backward classes or areas,
*Remove illiteracy and provide free and
compulsory secondary education within
minimum possible period,

10. *
The State shall:
*Make technical and professional education generally available
and higher education equally accessible to all on the basis of
merit,
*Enable the people of different areas, through education,
training, agricultural and industrial development and other
methods, to participate fully in all forms of national
activities…

11. *
The manner in which the State
acquires and exercises its
authority to provide public
goods and services
Using public office for
private gain
Governance
Corruption
Corruption is an outcome – a consequence of the failure of
accountability relationships in the governance system

12. *
Lack of good governance means
*Policy violence,
*Corruption in accessing basic public services,
*Ghost schools, teachers absenteeism,
*Missing medicines, Health Facilities,
*High cost of and low access to justice,
*Criminalization of politics, lack of social justice.
(Human Development in South Asia report, 2005)

13. *
*Inefficiency in service provision,
*Some cases no service at all.
*Lack of standards,
*Lack of information,
*Lack of incentives,
*Lack of accountability
*“Use of public office for private gain”

14. *
Recognize Numbers
Children across Pakistan.
The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER)

15. *
*Language Skill
Children across Pakistan.
The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER)

16. *
Children across Pakistan.
The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER)
*Local Language

17. Source: NEMS -2013, ASER -2014

18. Source: NEMS -2013, ASER -2014

19. *
‘Education Governance’ convened in Karachi on Monday January,
19th, 2015 to discuss the current state of education in Sindh.

20. *
‘Education Governance’ convened in Karachi on Monday January,
19th, 2015 to discuss the current state of education in Sindh.

21. Organized by Mishal Pakistan in collaboration
with ILM Ideas (UKaid funded program).
*The objectives of ILM-o-AGAHI initiative are:
*To improve accountability
*Media coverage of priority education issues
*Build consensus on education policies by
engaging stakeholders,
*Including media and policy makers.
Sindh Provincial meeting on
“Education Governance”
on Monday January, 19th,

22. *
*60% schools: without drinking water facility,
*40% : without electricity,
*35% : without any boundary walls…
*Over 40,000 ghost teachers,
*5,229 ghost schools were left unaddressed,
*Rs. 145.02 billion budgets for education.
These facts were shared to discuss the
current state of education in Sindh.

23. *Governance & School Systems
May 31, 2016 Sajjad Hassan
Private
Public
Solution:
• Public & Private Partnership
• From Primary School

24. May 31, 2016 Sajjad Hassan
Online Management system
Bio Metric attendance
Frequently updated Data
School Enrollment
Online New Students
Data entry
Regularly Trainings
Use of new
Technologies
Education budget
should be
increased
Solution:

25. *
*Teachers undoubtedly play a crucial role in
the education sector,
*Education goals cannot be achieved unless
and until teachers are:
Motivated,
Well-managed
Performing optimally.

28. Sajjad Hassan, M.Phil. Batch:2016
Faculty of Education, Old Campus
University of Sindh Hyderabad