The document discusses globalization, detailing its definitions, influences, advantages, and disadvantages, alongside the emergence of anti-globalization movements as a resistance to globalization's negative impacts. It highlights the economic, social, and environmental repercussions of globalization while presenting examples, such as job losses and cultural homogenization. The document concludes with calls for reforms in global institutions to address inequities and ensure a more balanced approach to globalization.

1. Anti-Globalization
--Another Type of Globalization
Yingxia Hou
Peng Chen

2. Agenda
 Definition and influence of Globalization
 Pros and Cons of Globalization
 Definition, movements and causes of Anti-
globalization
 Why anti-globalization?
 Example victims of globalization
 Conclusions and recommendations

3. What is Globalization?
 Increasing global connectivity.
 Integration and interdependence in the
economic, social, technological, cultural,
political, and ecological spheres.
 An umbrella term and is perhaps best
understood as a unitary process inclusive of
many sub-processes that are increasingly
binding people and the biosphere more tightly
into one global system.

4. The influence of globalization
 Industrial - emergence of worldwide production
markets and broader access to a range of goods for
consumers and companies.
 Financial - emergence of worldwide financial
markets and better access to external financing for
corporate, national and subnational borrowers.
 Economic - realization of a global common market,
based on the freedom of exchange of goods and
capital.

5. The influence of globalization
 Political - Political globalization is the
creation of a world government which
regulates the relationships among nations
and guarantees the rights arising from social
and economic globalization.
 Social - the achievement of free circulation
by people of all nations.
 Informational - increase in information flows
between geographically remote locations.

6. The influence of globalization
 Cultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts;
cultural diffusion; "world culture".
 Ecological- the advent of global
environmental challenges that can not be
solved without international cooperation, such
as climate change, cross-boundary water and
air pollution, over-fishing of the ocean, and
the spread of invasive species.

7. Pros and Cons of Globalization
 Pros
 Productivity grows more quickly when countries produce
goods and services in which they have a comparative
advantage. Living standards can go up faster.
 Global competition and cheap imports keep a lid on prices,
so inflation is less likely to derail economic growth.
 An open economy spurs innovation with fresh ideas from
abroad.
 Accelerated the development and innovation of technology
and communication

8. Pros and Cons of Globalization
 Cons
 Millions of westerns have lost jobs due to imports or
production shifts abroad. Most find new jobs that pay less.
 Millions of others fear losing their jobs, especially at those
companies operating under competitive pressure.
 Workers face pay-cut demands from employers, which
often threaten to export jobs.
 Service and white-collar jobs are increasingly vulnerable to
operations moving offshore.
 western employees can lose their comparative advantage
when companies build advanced factories in low-wage
countries, making them as productive as those at home.

9. Other faces of Globalization
 Globalization= Imperialism
 Globalization = Americanization
 Globalization = Delocalization
 Globalization = Multinational corporations
 Globalization = Branding
 Globalization = the rich gets richer, the poor gets
poorer

10. What is anti-globalization?
 The political attitude of people and
organizations that resist certain aspects of
globalization.
 social movements
 participants are united in opposition to the
political power of large corporations
 Self-consciously internationalist, organizing
globally an advocating for the cause of
oppressed people around the world

11. Anti-globalization Movements
 J18
 June 18, 1999
 London, UK; Eugene, Oregon
 Seattle/N30
 November 30, 1999
 5,000 protesters blocked delegates’ entrance to WTO meetings in
Seattle
 Protesters forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony and lasted
the length of the meeting until December 3
 Genoa
 July 18 – July 20, 2001
 Biggest anti-globalization gathering in
history, 250,000 protesters against the G8
meeting in Genoa, Italy
 3 dead, hundreds hospitalized

12. Causes of Anti-globalization Movement
 Globalization globalizes money and
corporations, but not people and unions
 Outsourcing and offshoring caused millions of
westerns lost jobs or paid less
 Fear losing jobs in western countries
 Exploitation of the resources in the
developing countries by western countries

13. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Economical
 Exploitation of the resources in the third world
country
 Example of Starbucks Vs. Ethiopian Coffee
 Ethiopians demand Starbuck’s support to trademark
3 of its coffees in US
 $4, a cup of Cappuccino at Starbucks;
 $.50, a day income
of the Ethiopian farmer
at the coffee farm

14. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Cultural
 Local or minority culture are facing the fate of
disappearing
 Western culture invaded into developing countries
 Example: McDonalds
 More than 100 countries
 30,000 restaurants
 Serves 50 million people daily

15. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Environmental
 Aggravated pollution, Global warming, losses in biodiversity
and species extinction
 Average global temperatures are estimated to rise 1- 3.5
centigrade (33.8 – 38.5 degrees) by 2050
 Developed industrial countries export hazardous waste to
third world countries
 Example: one global
agribusiness firm closed a terminal
in Brazil's Amazon region for
environmentalists

16. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Women and children
 90% of the workers at the
sweatshops are women
 Child labor hired by global
companies in developing countries
 Example: 14-year-old workers in Nike factories
in Indonesia

17. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Human rights
 More and more strict immigration restrictions in
developed countries, no free move for labors
 In sweatshops in developing countries, harsh working
conditions, low pay and overtime working are common
 Example: The Pouty Bratz dolls factory in Southern
China
 Working 94 hours a week
 17 cents, workers are paid for making each doll;
$19, retail price in US
 More than 120 million Bratz dolls sold in US since 2001

18. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
 Social
 The unequal wealth distribution worldwide
 The gap between the developed countries and the
third world counties
 The gap between
the poor and rich

19. Liberalization influence to Russia’s GDP
Indices of GDP(1991=100), Russia, 1990-2004
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Source:http://www.tiger.edu.pl/publikacje/TWPNo85.pdf

20. Liberalization influence to Czech GDP
GDP Growth Rate of Czech Republic(1990-1999)
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Source:http://demography.anu.edu.au/Publications/Conf
erencePapers/IUSSP2001/TablesPhilipov.doc

21. Globalization impact to unemployment
rates of U.S. IT industry

22. Globalization might be harmful to
Developed Countries in the future
 China is striving to create global automobile
and electronics brands.
 India’s skill-intensive service sectors like IT
and outsourcing are rising very fast.
 Western firms would face unprecedented
competition from the two and other
developing countries.

23. Conclusions
 Anti-globalization movements are the
indication of self-protection.
 Globalization already resulted in many
adverse effects and made a portion of people
worse-off.
 Globalization makes highly liberalized
countries expose their vulnerabilities to the
rest of the world.

24. Can All Countries Benefit from
Globalization?
 Establish international monitoring system
 Domestic:
 each country should build up a system that can integrate into
the global market
 protectionism in the domestic market
 International:
 International institutions should reform to fit into the needs of
the globalization, such as IMF, World Bank, UN
 Be more responsible for all the countries, rather than some or
few countries
 Be more transparent and be monitored by member countries
from third world

25. Can All Countries Benefit from
Globalization?
 To enhance corporations between countries and
regions
 Make free trade free and fair for both developing
and developed countries
 Eliminate or reduce the trade barriers
 Get more countries involved into the global
market
 Equal and balance development in the global
market

26. Questions and Comments