anti lock braking system using eddy current and solenoid

2.  “An anti-lock brake system is a feedback
control system that modulates brake pressure
in response to measured wheel deceleration,
preventing the controlled wheels from
becoming fully locked.”

3.  Anti-lock braking system (ABS) is an automobile
safety system that allows the wheels on a motor
vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road
surface according to driver inputs while braking,
preventing the wheels from locking up (ceasing
rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding. It
does this at a much faster rate and with better
control than a driver could manage.

4.  ABS generally offers improved vehicle control and
decreases stopping distances on dry and slippery
surfaces; however, on loose gravel or snow-covered
surfaces, ABS can significantly increase braking
distance, although still improving vehicle control.

5. Basically, there are sensors at each of the four wheels (or in the case of the
less sophisticated three-channel system, one on each of the fronts and only
one for the pair of rears). These sensors watch the rotation of the wheels.
When any one of the wheels stops rotating due to too much brake application,
the sensors tell the car's computer, which then releases some of the brake line
pressure that you've applied - allowing the wheel to turn again. Then, just as
fast as it released the pressure, the computer allows the pressure to be
applied again - which stops the rotation of the wheel again. Then it releases it
again. And so on. With most ABS, this releasing and re-application - or pulsing
- of the brake pressure happens 20 or more times per second.
Practically speaking, this keeps the wheel just at the limit - the threshold -
before locking up and skidding. ABS prevents you from ever locking up the
brakes and skidding - no matter how hard you apply the brakes. Obviously,
this is going to mean much more steering control.
With ABS, all you have to do in an emergency is quickly squeeze the brake
pedal as hard as you can and hold it there. And when I say hard, I mean HARD.
Let the system do the finesse work for you. This may not be as easy as it
sounds. After years of being told (and practising) not to press too hard on the
brake pedal, this may not feel very natural.

6.  The conventional ABS is based on hydraulic
modular unit whereas our ABS is solely based
on eddy current mechanism.
 The eddy current based ABS is the most
advanced system and has more benefits over
conventional ABS.
 Its response is better and is highly suited for
heavy vehicles as well as for light vehicles.

7.  As we all know eddy current works over pure
aluminium, we have provided a disc parallel to
the wheel on which eddy current will work.
 When the wheel will rotate the disc attached to
the wheel will rotate and eddy current will
become active after a pre-specified RPM.
 This activated eddy current will retard the
movement of the disc which in turn will retard
the wheel movement and this retardation is
further supported by solenoid and hence brake
will be applied.
 This mechanism is simpler than conventional
mechanism and effective too as we have found
out in our research.

8.  Eddy current coil
 Solenoid
 RPM indicator
 Aluminium disc
 Microcontroller
 7.5 volt battery
 IR chip
 22 gauge wire

9.  ABS based on eddy current has an aluminium
disc attached to the main wheel which rotates
with the main wheel.
 This wheel when reaches the specified rpm the
eddy current becomes active which activates the
solenoid which provides the necessary braking.
 The solenoid is directly attached to the wheel rim
to provide braking.
 Microcontroller is attached in this mechanism to
control the mechanism, read the rpm and thus
activate the mechanism after a certain RPM.

10.  Unlike conventional braking this mechanism is
rapid and more effective.
 This mechanism is both manual as well as
automatic i.e., unlike conventional mechanism in
this the ABS can be controlled by the driver.

11.  This system has a less chance of failure and
has better effectiveness.
 This system has better response than the
conventional system.
 This has the best advantage of having a
working of both manual as well as automatic.
 After switching off the engine the braking
fails which is not controlled by conventional
ABS but this system activates even after
engine shut down

12.  These features of eddy current based ABS can
be utilised by useful research and can be
employed in modern automobiles, especially
in heavy vehicles where conventional ABS fails
due to its limitation.
 This system is economical in its use than
conventional system and is simpler in its
design.

13.  This is the latest advancement in automobile
engineering.
 This idea can prove to be very economical,
rapid and effective.
 Automatic as well manual usage is a new
concept.
 This mechanism is economical and can be
employed in every vehicle which is not
possible in small vehicle due to conventional
mechanism’s cost.