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Research questionsIt was not known how criminal offenders percei.docx
Research questions
It was not known how criminal offenders perceive and mentally represent the world around them
It was not known what role perception plays in an individual’s potential to commit crime
The basis of Cognitive theory
Cognitive is defined as an ability to process information: Cognition has to do with one's ability to learn information quickly, memorize, and understand information they receive. Therefore, cognitive theories of crime fall under the psychological theories of criminal behavior. It's important to know that there are different theories that attempt to explain acts of criminal behavior.
Cognitive-behavioral theory combines the principles of social and developmental psychology and those of experimental-clinical psychology. The theory, applied to crime and delinquency, proposes that social behavior is learned. To understand why and how people commit crimes, psychologists and sociologists often study, analyze, and develop explanations of why these behaviors exist. Cognitive theory is one of many psychological theories of criminal behavior. Cognitive theories of crime explain criminal behavior as a defect in moral thinking, thought processes, and mental development. Cognitive theories focus on how we perceive the world around us, how we think, and the factors that influence our mental development (family upbringing, parental modeling, personality, intelligence). These theories help to explain how we develop morally in our thought process. Cognitive theories also help us to understand how an individual's personality and intelligence level are linked to delinquency.
Theoretical framework : theory of cognitive development
Jean Piaget: Moral and intellectual development. People construct a mental model of the world from childhood. Thus, from birth onward an individual will continue to develop. It is a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.
Bandura maintains that individuals are not born with an innate ability to act violently. He suggested that, in contrast, violence and aggression are learned through a process of behavior modeling (Bandura, 1977). In other words, children learn violence through the observation of others. Aggressive acts are modeled after three primary sources: (1) family interaction, (2) environmental experiences, and (3) the mass media.
Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987), who applied the concept of moral development to criminological theory. Kohlberg (1984) believed that individuals pass through stages of moral development. Most important to his theory is the notion that there are levels, stages, and social orientation. The three levels are Level I, preconventional; Level II, conventional; and Level III, postconventional. With respect to the different stages, Stages 1 and 2 fall under Level I. Stages 3 and 4 fall under Level II, and Stages 5 and 6 fall under Level III.
The next subdiscipline is the information-processing branch. This area is predicated on the no ...
Research questionsIt was not known how criminal offenders percei.docx
Research questions
It was not known how criminal offenders perceive and mentally represent the world around them
It was not known what role perception plays in an individual’s potential to commit crime
The basis of Cognitive theory
Cognitive is defined as an ability to process information: Cognition has to do with one's ability to learn information quickly, memorize, and understand information they receive. Therefore, cognitive theories of crime fall under the psychological theories of criminal behavior. It's important to know that there are different theories that attempt to explain acts of criminal behavior.
Cognitive-behavioral theory combines the principles of social and developmental psychology and those of experimental-clinical psychology. The theory, applied to crime and delinquency, proposes that social behavior is learned. To understand why and how people commit crimes, psychologists and sociologists often study, analyze, and develop explanations of why these behaviors exist. Cognitive theory is one of many psychological theories of criminal behavior. Cognitive theories of crime explain criminal behavior as a defect in moral thinking, thought processes, and mental development. Cognitive theories focus on how we perceive the world around us, how we think, and the factors that influence our mental development (family upbringing, parental modeling, personality, intelligence). These theories help to explain how we develop morally in our thought process. Cognitive theories also help us to understand how an individual's personality and intelligence level are linked to delinquency.
Theoretical framework : theory of cognitive development
Jean Piaget: Moral and intellectual development. People construct a mental model of the world from childhood. Thus, from birth onward an individual will continue to develop. It is a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.
Bandura maintains that individuals are not born with an innate ability to act violently. He suggested that, in contrast, violence and aggression are learned through a process of behavior modeling (Bandura, 1977). In other words, children learn violence through the observation of others. Aggressive acts are modeled after three primary sources: (1) family interaction, (2) environmental experiences, and (3) the mass media.
Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987), who applied the concept of moral development to criminological theory. Kohlberg (1984) believed that individuals pass through stages of moral development. Most important to his theory is the notion that there are levels, stages, and social orientation. The three levels are Level I, preconventional; Level II, conventional; and Level III, postconventional. With respect to the different stages, Stages 1 and 2 fall under Level I. Stages 3 and 4 fall under Level II, and Stages 5 and 6 fall under Level III.
The next subdiscipline is the information-processing branch. This area is predicated on the no.
1 S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h .docx
1 | S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h
Sociologists doing Research
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this chapter you will be able to do the following.
Explain the steps in the research process.
Define and identify dependent and independent variables.
Explain sampling.
Calculate the mean, median, and mode of data.
Identify levels of measurement of variables.
Analyze ethical concerns in research.
One of the most remarkable traits that August Comte mandated for Sociology was a core of
scientific rigor. He proposed the concept of positivism which is the scientifically-based
sociological research that uses scientific tools such as survey, sampling, objective
measurement, and cultural and historical analysis to study and understand society. Although
the current definition of positivism expands far beyond Comte’s original vision, sociological
scientific methodology is used by government and industry researchers and across higher
education and the private sector. Comte was originally interested in social statistics, why
societies remain the same, and social dynamics, why societies change. Most sociological
research today falls within these broad categories. Sociologists strive for objectivity, which
is the ability to study and observe without distortion or bias, especially personal bias. Bias-
free research is an ideal that, which if not present, could open the door to extreme
misinterpretation of research findings.
Sociology is both different from and similar to other scientific principles. It differs from
chemistry, biology, and physics in that sociology does not manipulate the physical
environment using established natural science theories and principles. It is similar to
chemistry, biology, and physics in that statistical principles guide the discovery and
confirmation of data findings. Yet, sociology has no universally social laws that resemble
gravity or the speed of light, as other scientific methods do. This is because chemistry,
biology, and physics have the luxury of studying phenomena which are acted upon by laws
of nature. Sociologists study people, groups, communities, and societies which are
comprised of agents, people who use their agency to make choices based on their varied
motivations.1
THE RESEARCH PROCESS2
Problem Recognition & DefinitionResearchers start with a question such as “What do I want
to know?”; “What is important for society to know?”; or “Why does this occur?”
Unfortunately some questions cannot be answered, such as “How many angels can dance
on the head of a pin?” Even though many would like to know the answer to this question, it
cannot be empirically observed; that is it cannot be perceived through one of the five
senses—sight, taste, touch, hearing or smell. After a researcher decides on what question
they want to answer they must state their goals and objectives. Do they want to determine
if religious service attendance causes couples to ha.
1 S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h .docx
1 | S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h
Sociologists doing Research
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this chapter you will be able to do the following.
Explain the steps in the research process.
Define and identify dependent and independent variables.
Explain sampling.
Calculate the mean, median, and mode of data.
Identify levels of measurement of variables.
Analyze ethical concerns in research.
One of the most remarkable traits that August Comte mandated for Sociology was a core of
scientific rigor. He proposed the concept of positivism which is the scientifically-based
sociological research that uses scientific tools such as survey, sampling, objective
measurement, and cultural and historical analysis to study and understand society. Although
the current definition of positivism expands far beyond Comte’s original vision, sociological
scientific methodology is used by government and industry researchers and across higher
education and the private sector. Comte was originally interested in social statistics, why
societies remain the same, and social dynamics, why societies change. Most sociological
research today falls within these broad categories. Sociologists strive for objectivity, which
is the ability to study and observe without distortion or bias, especially personal bias. Bias-
free research is an ideal that, which if not present, could open the door to extreme
misinterpretation of research findings.
Sociology is both different from and similar to other scientific principles. It differs from
chemistry, biology, and physics in that sociology does not manipulate the physical
environment using established natural science theories and principles. It is similar to
chemistry, biology, and physics in that statistical principles guide the discovery and
confirmation of data findings. Yet, sociology has no universally social laws that resemble
gravity or the speed of light, as other scientific methods do. This is because chemistry,
biology, and physics have the luxury of studying phenomena which are acted upon by laws
of nature. Sociologists study people, groups, communities, and societies which are
comprised of agents, people who use their agency to make choices based on their varied
motivations.1
THE RESEARCH PROCESS2
Problem Recognition & DefinitionResearchers start with a question such as “What do I want
to know?”; “What is important for society to know?”; or “Why does this occur?”
Unfortunately some questions cannot be answered, such as “How many angels can dance
on the head of a pin?” Even though many would like to know the answer to this question, it
cannot be empirically observed; that is it cannot be perceived through one of the five
senses—sight, taste, touch, hearing or smell. After a researcher decides on what question
they want to answer they must state their goals and objectives. Do they want to determine
if religious service attendance causes couples to ha ...
Discus the Criminology research (updated 2023).docx
Criminology research
is a vital component of the field that focuses on the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. It involves the systematic investigation, analysis, and interpretation of data and information to generate knowledge and understanding in the realm of crime and its various aspects.
Here are some key points to discuss regarding criminology research:
1. Objectives: Criminology research aims to examine and explain the causes, patterns, and consequences of crime. It seeks to uncover factors that contribute to criminal behavior, identify effective crime prevention strategies, evaluate the functioning of the criminal justice system, and explore the experiences and impacts of crime on individuals and communities.
2. Methodology: Criminological research utilizes a range of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative methods, such as interviews, observations, and case studies, provide in-depth insights into individual experiences, motivations, and perceptions related to crime. Quantitative methods, such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis, enable researchers to collect and analyze large-scale data to identify trends, correlations, and statistical associations.
3. Areas of study: Criminology research covers a wide array of topics. It investigates various types of crime, including violent crime, property crime, organized crime, white-collar crime, and cybercrime. It explores the factors that contribute to criminal behavior, such as social, economic, psychological, and biological factors.
Ethical decision making
Maun Sadhu
Head & Assistant Professor
Department of English
C.U. Shah Institute of Computer Application
C.U. Shah Institute of Science
maunsadhu@gmail.com
Recommended
Research questionsIt was not known how criminal offenders percei.docx
Research questions
It was not known how criminal offenders perceive and mentally represent the world around them
It was not known what role perception plays in an individual’s potential to commit crime
The basis of Cognitive theory
Cognitive is defined as an ability to process information: Cognition has to do with one's ability to learn information quickly, memorize, and understand information they receive. Therefore, cognitive theories of crime fall under the psychological theories of criminal behavior. It's important to know that there are different theories that attempt to explain acts of criminal behavior.
Cognitive-behavioral theory combines the principles of social and developmental psychology and those of experimental-clinical psychology. The theory, applied to crime and delinquency, proposes that social behavior is learned. To understand why and how people commit crimes, psychologists and sociologists often study, analyze, and develop explanations of why these behaviors exist. Cognitive theory is one of many psychological theories of criminal behavior. Cognitive theories of crime explain criminal behavior as a defect in moral thinking, thought processes, and mental development. Cognitive theories focus on how we perceive the world around us, how we think, and the factors that influence our mental development (family upbringing, parental modeling, personality, intelligence). These theories help to explain how we develop morally in our thought process. Cognitive theories also help us to understand how an individual's personality and intelligence level are linked to delinquency.
Theoretical framework : theory of cognitive development
Jean Piaget: Moral and intellectual development. People construct a mental model of the world from childhood. Thus, from birth onward an individual will continue to develop. It is a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.
Bandura maintains that individuals are not born with an innate ability to act violently. He suggested that, in contrast, violence and aggression are learned through a process of behavior modeling (Bandura, 1977). In other words, children learn violence through the observation of others. Aggressive acts are modeled after three primary sources: (1) family interaction, (2) environmental experiences, and (3) the mass media.
Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987), who applied the concept of moral development to criminological theory. Kohlberg (1984) believed that individuals pass through stages of moral development. Most important to his theory is the notion that there are levels, stages, and social orientation. The three levels are Level I, preconventional; Level II, conventional; and Level III, postconventional. With respect to the different stages, Stages 1 and 2 fall under Level I. Stages 3 and 4 fall under Level II, and Stages 5 and 6 fall under Level III.
The next subdiscipline is the information-processing branch. This area is predicated on the no ...
Research questionsIt was not known how criminal offenders percei.docx
Research questions
It was not known how criminal offenders perceive and mentally represent the world around them
It was not known what role perception plays in an individual’s potential to commit crime
The basis of Cognitive theory
Cognitive is defined as an ability to process information: Cognition has to do with one's ability to learn information quickly, memorize, and understand information they receive. Therefore, cognitive theories of crime fall under the psychological theories of criminal behavior. It's important to know that there are different theories that attempt to explain acts of criminal behavior.
Cognitive-behavioral theory combines the principles of social and developmental psychology and those of experimental-clinical psychology. The theory, applied to crime and delinquency, proposes that social behavior is learned. To understand why and how people commit crimes, psychologists and sociologists often study, analyze, and develop explanations of why these behaviors exist. Cognitive theory is one of many psychological theories of criminal behavior. Cognitive theories of crime explain criminal behavior as a defect in moral thinking, thought processes, and mental development. Cognitive theories focus on how we perceive the world around us, how we think, and the factors that influence our mental development (family upbringing, parental modeling, personality, intelligence). These theories help to explain how we develop morally in our thought process. Cognitive theories also help us to understand how an individual's personality and intelligence level are linked to delinquency.
Theoretical framework : theory of cognitive development
Jean Piaget: Moral and intellectual development. People construct a mental model of the world from childhood. Thus, from birth onward an individual will continue to develop. It is a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.
Bandura maintains that individuals are not born with an innate ability to act violently. He suggested that, in contrast, violence and aggression are learned through a process of behavior modeling (Bandura, 1977). In other words, children learn violence through the observation of others. Aggressive acts are modeled after three primary sources: (1) family interaction, (2) environmental experiences, and (3) the mass media.
Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987), who applied the concept of moral development to criminological theory. Kohlberg (1984) believed that individuals pass through stages of moral development. Most important to his theory is the notion that there are levels, stages, and social orientation. The three levels are Level I, preconventional; Level II, conventional; and Level III, postconventional. With respect to the different stages, Stages 1 and 2 fall under Level I. Stages 3 and 4 fall under Level II, and Stages 5 and 6 fall under Level III.
The next subdiscipline is the information-processing branch. This area is predicated on the no.
1 S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h .docx
1 | S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h
Sociologists doing Research
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this chapter you will be able to do the following.
Explain the steps in the research process.
Define and identify dependent and independent variables.
Explain sampling.
Calculate the mean, median, and mode of data.
Identify levels of measurement of variables.
Analyze ethical concerns in research.
One of the most remarkable traits that August Comte mandated for Sociology was a core of
scientific rigor. He proposed the concept of positivism which is the scientifically-based
sociological research that uses scientific tools such as survey, sampling, objective
measurement, and cultural and historical analysis to study and understand society. Although
the current definition of positivism expands far beyond Comte’s original vision, sociological
scientific methodology is used by government and industry researchers and across higher
education and the private sector. Comte was originally interested in social statistics, why
societies remain the same, and social dynamics, why societies change. Most sociological
research today falls within these broad categories. Sociologists strive for objectivity, which
is the ability to study and observe without distortion or bias, especially personal bias. Bias-
free research is an ideal that, which if not present, could open the door to extreme
misinterpretation of research findings.
Sociology is both different from and similar to other scientific principles. It differs from
chemistry, biology, and physics in that sociology does not manipulate the physical
environment using established natural science theories and principles. It is similar to
chemistry, biology, and physics in that statistical principles guide the discovery and
confirmation of data findings. Yet, sociology has no universally social laws that resemble
gravity or the speed of light, as other scientific methods do. This is because chemistry,
biology, and physics have the luxury of studying phenomena which are acted upon by laws
of nature. Sociologists study people, groups, communities, and societies which are
comprised of agents, people who use their agency to make choices based on their varied
motivations.1
THE RESEARCH PROCESS2
Problem Recognition & DefinitionResearchers start with a question such as “What do I want
to know?”; “What is important for society to know?”; or “Why does this occur?”
Unfortunately some questions cannot be answered, such as “How many angels can dance
on the head of a pin?” Even though many would like to know the answer to this question, it
cannot be empirically observed; that is it cannot be perceived through one of the five
senses—sight, taste, touch, hearing or smell. After a researcher decides on what question
they want to answer they must state their goals and objectives. Do they want to determine
if religious service attendance causes couples to ha.
1 S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h .docx
1 | S o c i o l o g i s t s d o i n g R e s e a r c h
Sociologists doing Research
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this chapter you will be able to do the following.
Explain the steps in the research process.
Define and identify dependent and independent variables.
Explain sampling.
Calculate the mean, median, and mode of data.
Identify levels of measurement of variables.
Analyze ethical concerns in research.
One of the most remarkable traits that August Comte mandated for Sociology was a core of
scientific rigor. He proposed the concept of positivism which is the scientifically-based
sociological research that uses scientific tools such as survey, sampling, objective
measurement, and cultural and historical analysis to study and understand society. Although
the current definition of positivism expands far beyond Comte’s original vision, sociological
scientific methodology is used by government and industry researchers and across higher
education and the private sector. Comte was originally interested in social statistics, why
societies remain the same, and social dynamics, why societies change. Most sociological
research today falls within these broad categories. Sociologists strive for objectivity, which
is the ability to study and observe without distortion or bias, especially personal bias. Bias-
free research is an ideal that, which if not present, could open the door to extreme
misinterpretation of research findings.
Sociology is both different from and similar to other scientific principles. It differs from
chemistry, biology, and physics in that sociology does not manipulate the physical
environment using established natural science theories and principles. It is similar to
chemistry, biology, and physics in that statistical principles guide the discovery and
confirmation of data findings. Yet, sociology has no universally social laws that resemble
gravity or the speed of light, as other scientific methods do. This is because chemistry,
biology, and physics have the luxury of studying phenomena which are acted upon by laws
of nature. Sociologists study people, groups, communities, and societies which are
comprised of agents, people who use their agency to make choices based on their varied
motivations.1
THE RESEARCH PROCESS2
Problem Recognition & DefinitionResearchers start with a question such as “What do I want
to know?”; “What is important for society to know?”; or “Why does this occur?”
Unfortunately some questions cannot be answered, such as “How many angels can dance
on the head of a pin?” Even though many would like to know the answer to this question, it
cannot be empirically observed; that is it cannot be perceived through one of the five
senses—sight, taste, touch, hearing or smell. After a researcher decides on what question
they want to answer they must state their goals and objectives. Do they want to determine
if religious service attendance causes couples to ha ...
Discus the Criminology research (updated 2023).docx
Criminology research
is a vital component of the field that focuses on the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. It involves the systematic investigation, analysis, and interpretation of data and information to generate knowledge and understanding in the realm of crime and its various aspects.
Here are some key points to discuss regarding criminology research:
1. Objectives: Criminology research aims to examine and explain the causes, patterns, and consequences of crime. It seeks to uncover factors that contribute to criminal behavior, identify effective crime prevention strategies, evaluate the functioning of the criminal justice system, and explore the experiences and impacts of crime on individuals and communities.
2. Methodology: Criminological research utilizes a range of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative methods, such as interviews, observations, and case studies, provide in-depth insights into individual experiences, motivations, and perceptions related to crime. Quantitative methods, such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis, enable researchers to collect and analyze large-scale data to identify trends, correlations, and statistical associations.
3. Areas of study: Criminology research covers a wide array of topics. It investigates various types of crime, including violent crime, property crime, organized crime, white-collar crime, and cybercrime. It explores the factors that contribute to criminal behavior, such as social, economic, psychological, and biological factors.
Ethical decision making
Maun Sadhu
Head & Assistant Professor
Department of English
C.U. Shah Institute of Computer Application
C.U. Shah Institute of Science
maunsadhu@gmail.com
ASSIGNMENT 2HA570-1 Critique the need for and role of ethics in.docx
ASSIGNMENT 2
HA570-1: Critique the need for and role of ethics in the American healthcare environment.
Instructions:
As you have learned, differences exist between morality, ethics, and the law. Morality refers to an individual‘s moral compass or belief system based on their individual perspective. Ethics refers to the standard of action that should be performed, irregardless of an individual‘s perspective, opinion, or ideology. Law simply refers to any legal requirements involved.
In an ethical dilemma, varying perspectives exist. Oftentimes, these perspectives include the patient, provider, caregiver, family member, or staff member. Every person has a unique perspective and it is these unique experiences that form our belief system. As a future leader in healthcare administration, it is important to identify and understand how these varying perspectives act as a foundation for individual morality and influence our decisions. Likewise, it is also important to understand that despite personal morality, providers are required to abide by the ethical standards present in the field.
In this unit, you will explore the differences between morality and ethics by examining a scenario and its implications from varying perspectives. By the end of this unit, you will be able to proficiently discuss the need for and role of ethics in the American healthcare environment.
To begin, select one (1) of the following stories from your textbook from which to address the assignment requirements:
· The Story of the Harvey Family and the Interprofessional Care Team (p. 3)
· The Story of Pat Jackson, the Interprofessional Care Team, and Mr. Sanchez (p. 29)
· The Story of Bill Boyd and Kate Lindy (p. 53)
· The Story of Elizabeth Kim, Max Diaz, Melinda Diaz, and Michael Meary (p. 73)
· The Story of Michael Halloran and Amrou Croteau (p. 106)
In a 5-7 page paper (excluding title page and reference list), address the following:
· Summarize the story briefly providing the ethical dilemma and parties involved.
· Discuss the varying perspectives from the parties involved. Be sure to discuss potential reasoning for the varied perspectives. Please note that you may need to include fictitious information to complete this.
· Discuss ethical standards relevant to the unique scenario.
· Identify possible personal moral convictions which may influence the direction of the story.
· Foreshadow potential events in the story of what could happen if ethical standards did not exist.
Report your findings noting the following standards:
· Current APA formatting (e.g. title page, citations, conclusion, reference page, etc.) should be used.
· Proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation are expected.
· Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, unoriginal work, and unattributed content is not permitted and will result in action pursuant to the University’s Plagiarism Policy and Procedures.
HA570-2: Assess national regulations regarding confidentiality and ethical considerations of confidentiality la.
CJ 500 Criminal Justice Library Tips Shapiro Librar.docx
CJ 500 Criminal Justice Library Tips
Shapiro Library
Shapiro Library Graduate Tutorial
A–Z Database List
o Search by subject. Search term examples:
Law
Justice Studies
Research Guides
o Sometimes there is a guide for a specific topic/discipline.
o Criminal Justice Research Guide
o Google Like a Librarian
o Graduate Student Research Guide
Periodical Finder/ Electronic Journals
o Search by title (“begins with” or “contains”).
o Browse by subject (“law, politics, and government”).
o ProQuest Criminal Justice
o LexisNexis Academic
In this discipline, you will need to cite your sources in APA style. Refer to the following for information on using APA
style:
APA Style Guide
Purdue Online Writing Lab
How do I cite sources in APA style?
http://libguides.snhu.edu/home
http://libguides.snhu.edu/c.php?g=179004
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/az.php?s=21994
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/az.php?s=21987
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/criminal_justice
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/google
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/c.php?g=179004
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/search/basic?sid=2531d82e-d5b5-4af3-a79e-1bda84284065%40sessionmgr4010&vid=0&sdb=edspub&tid=3000EP
http://pn8vx3lh2h.search.serialssolutions.com/log?L=PN8VX3LH2H&D=M0O&J=CRIMJUS19&P=EJP&U=http%3A%2F%2Fezproxy.snhu.edu%2Flogin%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fsearch.proquest.com%2Fpublication%2F35991
http://pn8vx3lh2h.search.serialssolutions.com/log?L=PN8VX3LH2H&D=LXU&J=CRIMJUS19&P=EJP&U=http%3A%2F%2Fezproxy.snhu.edu%2Flogin%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexisnexis.com%2Fhottopics%2Flnacademic%2F%3Fverb%3Dsr%26csi%3D226341
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/apa
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/apa
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/8616
CJ 500 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
For your final project, you will analyze a contemporary issue in criminal justice and provide an evidence-based recommendation to address the issue, selecting an
issue of interest on which to focus your brief. You will analyze how the issue has evolved, apply criminological theories to identify causes of the issue, assess the
impact of the issue on the community, and propose strategies to address the issue.
Professionals in the field of criminal justice are often faced with making difficult decisions related to critical issues in their field. Those that are able to effectively
take action to address these issues are seen as leaders in the field. To effectively form conclusions and recommend appropriate action, it is essential that
professionals first analyze the background of the issue. Professionals must understand the history of the is.
Directions Answer 5 questions out of the following 15 questions a.docx
Directions:
Answer 5 questions out of the following 15 questions and be sure to answer all parts of each multi-part question. Be sure to answer each question comprehensively and provide sufficient and substantive details, breadth, and depth. Your responses must demonstrate critical thinking and analysis as well as a substantive understanding and depth of knowledge of the subject matter. Overly brief and truncated responses will not be suitable. You will have 2.5 hours to complete this exam.
1.
Certainty, severity, and celerity are the key elements of deterrence theory. Can crime be reduced by making the prescribed punishment so certain and severe that a rational individual would be deterred from committing criminal acts? Explain why or why not using specific criminological theories for support. Moreover, address how plea bargaining in criminal justice counters the premise of deterrence theory.
2.
Should social scientists continue investigating and promoting biological causes of criminal behavior as promoted by major contributors to biological positivism such as Cesare Lombroso regarded by some as the father of criminology? Provide examples of past biological causes and explain why such past research could be validly criticized on the grounds that it promotes racist, sexist, or class-based stereotypes of criminals.
3.
Conceptually, social learning theory has been applied to the fields of sociology, psychology, criminal justice, and criminology to explain how criminal values, ideas, techniques, and expressions are transmitted from one individual to another. Provide an in-depth and comprehensive overview of social learning theory and also provide a real-life example.
4.
Differential association theory, as developed by Sutherland, is a learning theory that concentrates on one’s associates and the normative definition. Thoroughly explain differential association theory and provide a detailed real-life example of the theory.
5.
Learning theorists believe that deviant behavior can be eliminated or modified by taking away the reward of the behavior, increasing the negative consequences of the behavior, or changing the balance of reward/punishment for the behavior. Do you agree or disagree with the beliefs of learning theorists? Fully and comprehensively explain your reason for agreement or disagreement.
6.
Labeling theorists seek to understand what transpires after an individual is identified for committing a criminal act and society labels the offender. This approach differs from the view of choice, biological predisposition, psychological factors, social learning factors, and societal bond and control theories, which seek to explain the first offense and any subsequent criminal acts. Therefore, is labeling theory a true theory? Defend your answer and include specific elements of labeling theory.
7.
Anomie was coined by sociologist Durkheim and first applied to French society in the examination of rates of suicide. The concept of anomie.
PhD Programs of Research.docx
PhD Programs of
Research
School of Public Service Leadership
Version 2.0 Effective January 2017
Capella University
225 South Sixth Street, Ninth Floor
Minneapolis, MN 55402
PSL Programs of Research
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................. 2
CRIMINAL JUSTICE .................................................................................................... 3
GUIDELINES .................................................................................................................. 3
APPROPRIATE THEORIES/THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES .......................................................... 3
APPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS .............................................................................................. 4
EXAMPLE TOPIC AREAS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ........................ 4
INAPPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS ........................................................................................... 4
IMPORTANT JOURNALS ..................................................................................................... 6
IMPORTANT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ........................................................................ 7
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................ 8
GUIDELINES .................................................................................................................. 8
APPROPRIATE THEORIES/THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES .......................................................... 8
APPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS .............................................................................................. 8
INAPPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS ........................................................................................... 9
IMPORTANT JOURNALS ..................................................................................................... 9
IMPORTANT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ..................................................................... 10
PSL Programs of Research
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
Guidelines
Criminal justice is a social science that attempts to identify and explain the patterns of criminal
behavior and to analyze society's ability to manage crime and delinquency. Utilizing a multi-
tiered approach, learners in the PSF specialization study criminal justice through the context of
policing, criminal behavior, corrections, juvenile justice, and the legal process.
Learners searching for a dissertation topic should rely on the topics/issues covered throughout
their coursework. The key element in designing successful dissertation is aligning the theory,
methodological undertaking, and problem statement. Learners are strongly encouraged to use
this guide in assisting them chose an appropriate topic. Other recourses available to learners
include their pr.
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docx
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3
LASA 1: FINAL PROJECT EARLY METHODS SECTION
THE ROLE OF INTROVERSION AND EXTRAVERSION
PERSONALITY TRAITS ON MARITAL BLISS
STUDENT
_______ UNIVERSITY
PSY302-A01 Research Methods
Professor
April 15, 2015
Author Note:
This research was carried out as a partial fulfillment towards research methods course by.
Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to
1. What is your research question?
What is the significance of extroversion and introversion in marriage?
1. What is your hypothesis or hypotheses? What is the null hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis: Extroversion brings along successful family institution and marital bliss.
Alternate hypothesis: Extroversion does not bring along successful family institution and marital bliss.
1. How many participants would you like to use and why? What are the inclusion characteristics, i.e., what must they have in order to be included in your study (for example, gender, diagnosis, age, personality traits, etc.)? Are there any exclusion characteristics, i.e. are there certain characteristics that would exclude them from being in your study? Does the sample need to be diverse? Why or why not?
20 participants will be engaged in the research study. This is a small number that is easier to manage as well as coordinate their activities during the data collection exercise. Ideally, participants are required and are normally sampled from a large population to be a representative. The nature of the study will require the researcher to get participants who have experiences in marriage. On gender, I will sample equal number of men and women to act as the representative of the general population. The approach is guided by the population in the community where the number of women and men is at par. On age, I will pick individuals from across ages although the highest percentage will constitute of married individuals between the age of 30 and 40 years. Further, I will also pick four individuals who have divorced with the aim of understanding whether introversion or extroversion contributed to their divorce. I will also look at the personal traits of individuals; hence will both social and anti-social individuals. The target participants will precise, representative and homogeneous. They will then be divided into different sets or strata that are mutually exclusive in order to aid it obtaining a systematic process of research.
1. What sampling technique will be used to collect your sample? What population does yoursample generalize to?
Being a qualitative research, the research will utilize the sampling method in the collection of data. Surveying and questionnaire are the main data collection methods that are normally used in quantitative research. The methods aids in understanding the behavior and effects from different members of the focus groups. The approach helps to reduce biases that may emerge when using a bigger population size while at the same time gu ...
1- What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociologys mai.docx
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociology’s main approaches to doing research: scientific sociology, interpretative sociology, and critical sociology? How does each position offer a critique of the others? 2. The text discusses how sociologists operationalize the concept of social class. How would you operationalize important concepts such as intelligence, aggressiveness, femininity, or level of commitment to religion? 3. Discuss the links between the three methodological approaches to sociology and the three theoretical approaches? 4. Suppose you are a sociologist studying alleged police brutality. Construct two arguments, one proposing that you ought to be as objective as possible in your work and let others use your results as they may choose, and the other suggesting that, while striving for accuracy, you should take a stand against any injustices which your research may uncover. Which position do you find more convincing? Why? 5. What are ways that gender can shape sociological research? 6. To a young researcher, what are the advantages of using the method of participant observation? What are the disadvantages? 7. Do you think Zimbardo’s Stanford County Prison (research it) experiment was ethical, or should he have been prevented from conducting this study? Defend your position. 8. Explain how you would develop a representative sample of students on your campus in order to conduct some survey research.
Solution
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociology’s main approaches to doing research: scientific sociology, interpretative sociology, and critical sociology? How does each position offer a critique of the others?
Now we are going to explain about
the above sociology are going to be explaining briefly
scientific sociology : Sociologists of scientific knowledge study the development of a Scientific field and attempt to identify points of contingency or interpretative flexibility where ambiguities are present.
Interpretative sociology : Another way to look at society is to ask how people interpret the world around them    and react to those interpretations.Interpretivist sociology looks at the way society is shaped by the interpretations of the world.
Critical sociology : in sociology critical sociology is about critical thinking is often presented as a generic technique.
Critical thinking movement has spawned on industry of product lines , analytical typologies and multi-stage models.Critical thinking has been touched as promoting higher order thinking.
.
HUM 220 Enhance teaching - snaptutorial.com
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Social justice has been defined in different ways, but the definitions usually include similar ideologies. As you study the concept of social justice, you will come across some of the following ideas:
• Historical inequities that affect current injustices should be corrected until the actual inequities no longer exist or have been perceptively "negated.”
Due Thursday Feb 18, 2016 by NoonInstructions The critical eval.docx
Due Thursday Feb 18, 2016 by Noon
Instructions: The critical evaluation essay – Be sure to submit a final draft in MLA format on word. This paper should be at least 700 words, but no more than 850. Also, take great care not to plagiarize.
Mark Twain “The Story of the Bad Little Boy”
Write a critical analysis of Mark Twain’s “The Story of the Bad Little Boy” approaches can be quite straightforward. Psychological, gender, sociological, biographical, and historical are all approaches that many use naturally in viewing a work. However, if your interest lies elsewhere, feel free to choose another approach. This essay will need a debatable thesis. A thesis is not a fact, a quote, or a question. It is your position on the topic. The reader already knows the story; you are to offer him a new perspective based on your observations.
Since the reader is familiar with the story, summary is unnecessary. Rather than tell him what happened, tell him what specific portions of the story support your thesis.
Link to “The Story of the Bad Little Boy”
http://www.washburn.edu/sobu/broach/badboy.html
This paper should be at least 700 words, but no more than 850. The paper should be formatted correctly MLA style and written in third person (do not use the words I, me, us, we, or you). The essay should also contain citations and a works cited list based on your selected essay in the assigned readings. Formulate the structured response from your own close reading of the text.
DISCLAIMER: Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin.
Key Terms
This document lists and defines some of the 28 most important concepts that all psychology students and psychologists should know and understand well. Many of these concepts will appear again and again in your future classes and work in psychology. You will go deeper into many of them as you explore the world of Psychology.
CONCEPTS
Definition
1. ABC
Behavior therapists conduct a thorough functional assessment (or behavioral analysis) to identify the maintaining conditions by systematically gathering information about situational antecedents (A), the dimensions of the problem behavior (B), and the consequences (C) of the problem. This is known as the ABC model, and the goal of a functional assessment of a client's behavior is to understand the ABC sequence. This model of behavior suggests that behavior (B) is influenced by some particular events that precede it, called antecedents (A), and by certain events that follow it, called consequences (C). Antecedent events cue or elicit a certain behavior. For example, with a client who has trouble going to sleep, listening to a relaxation tape may serve as a cue for sleep induction. Turning off the lights and removing the television from the bedroom may elicit sleep behaviors as well. Con- sequences are events that maintain a behavior in some way, either by increasing or decreasing it. For example, a client may be more likely to return to counselin ...
Chapter 3 – Sport Ethics – concepts and cases in sport and recreat.docx
Chapter 3 – Sport Ethics – concepts and cases in sport and recreation (2nd Edition)
David Malloy, Saul Ross, Dwight Zakus
2003, Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Canada
(slightly abridged)
"That’s cheating!" "No, it's not!"
"That’s wrong!" "No, it's perfectly alright!"
"That's bad!" "No, it isn't!"
"That's improper behavior!" "No, it's not!"
"That's a violation of policy!" "No, it isn't!"
"That may not be an actual violation, "If it's not a violation
but it certainly goes against the of the rules, then
spirit of the rules." it is perfectly acceptable."
Comments such as these all reflect a concern for ethics and ethical behavior. Each comment is an expression of a moral judgment about some behavior exhibited. Each comment uttered is the result of an evaluation or assessment made of the behavior in relation to an explicit or implicit standard. These comments are usually uttered based on observations of the behavior exhibited. The assessments originate from the observer's own set of beliefs about what is right or wrong, what is good or bad, or what is permissible or unacceptable.
A critical question emerges from the preceding comments: From where docs the standard come that the person uses to assess behavior and then render judgment? The beginning of an answer to the possible bases for ethical standards will be presented later in this chapter and a more elaborate treatment is reserved for the fourth chapter, "Sources of Ethical Decision··Making."
From this brief digression we return to an examination of the ways we make moral judgments. Frequently there is no critical examination nor probing of the set of beliefs, the actual basis for rendering moral judgment, used by the person making such comments. In part this is due to the paucity of attention paid to the study of ethics, generally, and to sport ethics, particularly, at all levels of schooling. While each individual has a personal sense of morality, without the serious, disciplined study of ethics it is not surprising to discover that most people are unaware of the bases for moral judgment. This text aims to consider ably reduce this lack of knowledge through the information provided below.
ln ordinary, everyday circumstances, human behavior is not pre-analyzed for us. There are, however, some instances when this does occur. For example, there arc times when teachers, parents, administrators, religious officials, writers of articles for newspapers and magazines, or authors of books discuss certain events. Then, through their analyses, they point out the good and the bad, the right and the wrong. These instances are few compared to the many times when we have to analyze the situation by ourselves. Consequently, there is an obvious need to comprehend the realm of ethics and to learn how to conduct moral.
HUM 220 EXceptional Education/snaptutorial.COM
Social justice has been defined in different ways, but the definitions usually include similar ideologies. As you study the concept of social justice, you will come across some of the following ideas:
Rational choice
The rational choice theory, also known as choice theory or rational action theory, is a theory for understanding and often modelling social and economic as well as individual behaviour.
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment 2
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment
Treylesia L. Alston
School of Behavioral Science, Liberty University
Author Note
Treylesia L. Alston (L32443087)
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Treylesia L. Alston
Email: [email protected]
Assignment 3: Research Questions & Variables
You will identify a research topic, explain your research idea, construct possible research questions (1 or 2 questions), determine which variables you could potentially use for your research paper (you will need to have 1 dependent variable and 3 independent variables), and state your hypotheses. You will have to give your future survey (Assignment 4) to friends or family, so think about what you will be able to ask them and what information they will be able to provide. We will not survey or interview vulnerable populations (anyone under 18, prisoners, etc.). It is okay if your idea is still a work-in-progress!
PADM 610
Case Study: Human Resources Assignment Instructions
Overview
In this Case Study, you will apply the Statesmanship model discussed in Module 1: Week 1 to a real, specific public administration context. In other words, choose an organization that is dealing with Human Resource policies, strategies, and procedures. Next, apply the statesmanship model discussed Module 1: Week 1 to this situation. The overarching idea of statesmanship is the call for moral character. In the context of this assignment, how can this model be applied to the situation at hand?
You will apply the Statesmanship model needed to deal with challenges of human resources policies, strategies, and procedures. Remember to also discuss the importance of the following:
· Covenant of
hesed
· Covenant of ethics
· Performance Evaluation
· Statecraft
Instructions
· Case Study scenarios must be taken from documented (published) public administration contexts; no hypotheticals are allowed.
· You can focus on one public administration organization or may refer to a particular situation (well-documented by the research) that public administrators faced during an actual event(s).
· All ideas you should be supported with sound reason and citations from the required readings and presentations, and additional resources.
· Paper should be 4–5 double-spaced pages of content in length (this does not include title page or reference pages).
· Paper should be in current APA format.
· Headings should be included and must conform to the content categories listed (i.e., Covenant of
hesed, Covenant of ethics, Performance Evaluation, etc.).
· 3–5 additional scholarly sources must be used. They need to be scholarly and provide relevant public administration theory and practices.
· All required reading and presentations from the assigned reading ...
Knot theoryDid you tie your shoe laces the same way today .docx
Knot theory
Did you tie your shoe laces the same way today as yesterday? We are all
familiar with knots from everyday life. But when does a mathematician
consider two knots to be the same? To capture the mathematical, rather
than physical, features of a knot, we glue the ends together to form a circular
loop, and then treat the string as infinitely strong, thin, and stretchy. The
downside of doing so is that it is not immediately clear how to distinguish
two knots, as there are infinitely many configurations for the same knot.
For this project you should find out about how knots are represented, and
about some of the invariants used to tell them apart. Some possible areas of
investigation include:
• tricolourability.
• genus.
• the Jones polynomial.
You should include plenty of your own examples to illustrate your under-
standing.
Prerequisites
No particular background knowledge is needed, but you will need to be able
to interpret a 2D diagram as a 3D object in space and visualise it moving
over time.
Literature
• Colin Adams, The Knot Book
• Peter Cromwell, Knots and Links
Additional tips:
The purpose of the final assignment is for you to analyze an existing policy (at the federal, state, or local level) and discuss its impact on a social problem. You aren’t proposing a policy, but analyzing an existing policy of interest to you.
Be sure to take enough time reading about the policy you selected to thoroughly understand it in an in-depth way and be able to confidently answer the questions in the assignment.
Please take time to carefully read each question in the assignment and be sure to answer it. As you proof-read your paper, take the opportunity to again review the assignment and double check that you have thoroughly but succinctly provided the information for each applicable question.
Please make sure you are using APA style in your final paper, including the title page with name and dates.
The assignment is 8 – 10 pages long because that’s roughly the length of a comprehensive social policy analysis. Please try to refrain from adding more words than necessary to stretch the length.
Proof-reading more than once is a great idea to try to catch sentences that aren’t sentences and words that are inadvertently misused. Read it out loud. I understand that the U of MD’s writing lab is available to help those interested in strengthening their writing skills – don’t hesitate to take advantage of it!
My expectation is that direct quotes be kept to a minimum in that graduate-level writing involves synthesizing ideas and then presenting them in your OWN words. For those quotes you do use, please be sure to use the correct citation and quotation marks. Not doing so may be considered plagiarism and will be responded to accordingly.
Assignment 2: Policy Analysis. DUE: 11/28
For this assignment, you will examine a social policy at the local, state or federal level by the legislative, executive, or judicial bran ...
Complete a one to two-page essay paper addressing the following ques.docx
Complete a one to two-page essay paper addressing the following questions:
1.
Explain what is meant by delinquency.
2.
Identify assumptions of the due process model in juvenile justice.
3.
Identify one main way that juvenile crime is measured in the United States.
4.
Describe the relationship between moral development and delinquency.
5.
Describe the impact of personality disorders on delinquency.
6.
Describe one social structure theory, one learning theory, and one social control theories.
Explain the concept of diversion.
Describe the types of programs that do tend to work in delinquency prevention.
Explain the discretionary options a police officer can exercise in juvenile cases.
Explain how community-oriented policing affects juvenile cases.
Describe the different ways police are allowed to handle juveniles.
Do not copy other people work must be in APA format
And please list question when answering
.
More Related Content
Similar to Answer the following Use citations and supreme court case rulings.docx
ASSIGNMENT 2HA570-1 Critique the need for and role of ethics in.docx
ASSIGNMENT 2
HA570-1: Critique the need for and role of ethics in the American healthcare environment.
Instructions:
As you have learned, differences exist between morality, ethics, and the law. Morality refers to an individual‘s moral compass or belief system based on their individual perspective. Ethics refers to the standard of action that should be performed, irregardless of an individual‘s perspective, opinion, or ideology. Law simply refers to any legal requirements involved.
In an ethical dilemma, varying perspectives exist. Oftentimes, these perspectives include the patient, provider, caregiver, family member, or staff member. Every person has a unique perspective and it is these unique experiences that form our belief system. As a future leader in healthcare administration, it is important to identify and understand how these varying perspectives act as a foundation for individual morality and influence our decisions. Likewise, it is also important to understand that despite personal morality, providers are required to abide by the ethical standards present in the field.
In this unit, you will explore the differences between morality and ethics by examining a scenario and its implications from varying perspectives. By the end of this unit, you will be able to proficiently discuss the need for and role of ethics in the American healthcare environment.
To begin, select one (1) of the following stories from your textbook from which to address the assignment requirements:
· The Story of the Harvey Family and the Interprofessional Care Team (p. 3)
· The Story of Pat Jackson, the Interprofessional Care Team, and Mr. Sanchez (p. 29)
· The Story of Bill Boyd and Kate Lindy (p. 53)
· The Story of Elizabeth Kim, Max Diaz, Melinda Diaz, and Michael Meary (p. 73)
· The Story of Michael Halloran and Amrou Croteau (p. 106)
In a 5-7 page paper (excluding title page and reference list), address the following:
· Summarize the story briefly providing the ethical dilemma and parties involved.
· Discuss the varying perspectives from the parties involved. Be sure to discuss potential reasoning for the varied perspectives. Please note that you may need to include fictitious information to complete this.
· Discuss ethical standards relevant to the unique scenario.
· Identify possible personal moral convictions which may influence the direction of the story.
· Foreshadow potential events in the story of what could happen if ethical standards did not exist.
Report your findings noting the following standards:
· Current APA formatting (e.g. title page, citations, conclusion, reference page, etc.) should be used.
· Proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation are expected.
· Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, unoriginal work, and unattributed content is not permitted and will result in action pursuant to the University’s Plagiarism Policy and Procedures.
HA570-2: Assess national regulations regarding confidentiality and ethical considerations of confidentiality la.
CJ 500 Criminal Justice Library Tips Shapiro Librar.docx
CJ 500 Criminal Justice Library Tips
Shapiro Library
Shapiro Library Graduate Tutorial
A–Z Database List
o Search by subject. Search term examples:
Law
Justice Studies
Research Guides
o Sometimes there is a guide for a specific topic/discipline.
o Criminal Justice Research Guide
o Google Like a Librarian
o Graduate Student Research Guide
Periodical Finder/ Electronic Journals
o Search by title (“begins with” or “contains”).
o Browse by subject (“law, politics, and government”).
o ProQuest Criminal Justice
o LexisNexis Academic
In this discipline, you will need to cite your sources in APA style. Refer to the following for information on using APA
style:
APA Style Guide
Purdue Online Writing Lab
How do I cite sources in APA style?
http://libguides.snhu.edu/home
http://libguides.snhu.edu/c.php?g=179004
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/az.php?s=21994
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/az.php?s=21987
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/criminal_justice
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/google
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/c.php?g=179004
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/search/basic?sid=2531d82e-d5b5-4af3-a79e-1bda84284065%40sessionmgr4010&vid=0&sdb=edspub&tid=3000EP
http://pn8vx3lh2h.search.serialssolutions.com/log?L=PN8VX3LH2H&D=M0O&J=CRIMJUS19&P=EJP&U=http%3A%2F%2Fezproxy.snhu.edu%2Flogin%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fsearch.proquest.com%2Fpublication%2F35991
http://pn8vx3lh2h.search.serialssolutions.com/log?L=PN8VX3LH2H&D=LXU&J=CRIMJUS19&P=EJP&U=http%3A%2F%2Fezproxy.snhu.edu%2Flogin%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexisnexis.com%2Fhottopics%2Flnacademic%2F%3Fverb%3Dsr%26csi%3D226341
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/apa
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libguides.snhu.edu/apa
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/8616
CJ 500 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
For your final project, you will analyze a contemporary issue in criminal justice and provide an evidence-based recommendation to address the issue, selecting an
issue of interest on which to focus your brief. You will analyze how the issue has evolved, apply criminological theories to identify causes of the issue, assess the
impact of the issue on the community, and propose strategies to address the issue.
Professionals in the field of criminal justice are often faced with making difficult decisions related to critical issues in their field. Those that are able to effectively
take action to address these issues are seen as leaders in the field. To effectively form conclusions and recommend appropriate action, it is essential that
professionals first analyze the background of the issue. Professionals must understand the history of the is.
Directions Answer 5 questions out of the following 15 questions a.docx
Directions:
Answer 5 questions out of the following 15 questions and be sure to answer all parts of each multi-part question. Be sure to answer each question comprehensively and provide sufficient and substantive details, breadth, and depth. Your responses must demonstrate critical thinking and analysis as well as a substantive understanding and depth of knowledge of the subject matter. Overly brief and truncated responses will not be suitable. You will have 2.5 hours to complete this exam.
1.
Certainty, severity, and celerity are the key elements of deterrence theory. Can crime be reduced by making the prescribed punishment so certain and severe that a rational individual would be deterred from committing criminal acts? Explain why or why not using specific criminological theories for support. Moreover, address how plea bargaining in criminal justice counters the premise of deterrence theory.
2.
Should social scientists continue investigating and promoting biological causes of criminal behavior as promoted by major contributors to biological positivism such as Cesare Lombroso regarded by some as the father of criminology? Provide examples of past biological causes and explain why such past research could be validly criticized on the grounds that it promotes racist, sexist, or class-based stereotypes of criminals.
3.
Conceptually, social learning theory has been applied to the fields of sociology, psychology, criminal justice, and criminology to explain how criminal values, ideas, techniques, and expressions are transmitted from one individual to another. Provide an in-depth and comprehensive overview of social learning theory and also provide a real-life example.
4.
Differential association theory, as developed by Sutherland, is a learning theory that concentrates on one’s associates and the normative definition. Thoroughly explain differential association theory and provide a detailed real-life example of the theory.
5.
Learning theorists believe that deviant behavior can be eliminated or modified by taking away the reward of the behavior, increasing the negative consequences of the behavior, or changing the balance of reward/punishment for the behavior. Do you agree or disagree with the beliefs of learning theorists? Fully and comprehensively explain your reason for agreement or disagreement.
6.
Labeling theorists seek to understand what transpires after an individual is identified for committing a criminal act and society labels the offender. This approach differs from the view of choice, biological predisposition, psychological factors, social learning factors, and societal bond and control theories, which seek to explain the first offense and any subsequent criminal acts. Therefore, is labeling theory a true theory? Defend your answer and include specific elements of labeling theory.
7.
Anomie was coined by sociologist Durkheim and first applied to French society in the examination of rates of suicide. The concept of anomie.
PhD Programs of Research.docx
PhD Programs of
Research
School of Public Service Leadership
Version 2.0 Effective January 2017
Capella University
225 South Sixth Street, Ninth Floor
Minneapolis, MN 55402
PSL Programs of Research
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................. 2
CRIMINAL JUSTICE .................................................................................................... 3
GUIDELINES .................................................................................................................. 3
APPROPRIATE THEORIES/THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES .......................................................... 3
APPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS .............................................................................................. 4
EXAMPLE TOPIC AREAS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ........................ 4
INAPPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS ........................................................................................... 4
IMPORTANT JOURNALS ..................................................................................................... 6
IMPORTANT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ........................................................................ 7
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................ 8
GUIDELINES .................................................................................................................. 8
APPROPRIATE THEORIES/THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES .......................................................... 8
APPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS .............................................................................................. 8
INAPPROPRIATE TOPIC AREAS ........................................................................................... 9
IMPORTANT JOURNALS ..................................................................................................... 9
IMPORTANT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ..................................................................... 10
PSL Programs of Research
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
Guidelines
Criminal justice is a social science that attempts to identify and explain the patterns of criminal
behavior and to analyze society's ability to manage crime and delinquency. Utilizing a multi-
tiered approach, learners in the PSF specialization study criminal justice through the context of
policing, criminal behavior, corrections, juvenile justice, and the legal process.
Learners searching for a dissertation topic should rely on the topics/issues covered throughout
their coursework. The key element in designing successful dissertation is aligning the theory,
methodological undertaking, and problem statement. Learners are strongly encouraged to use
this guide in assisting them chose an appropriate topic. Other recourses available to learners
include their pr.
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docx
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3
LASA 1: FINAL PROJECT EARLY METHODS SECTION
THE ROLE OF INTROVERSION AND EXTRAVERSION
PERSONALITY TRAITS ON MARITAL BLISS
STUDENT
_______ UNIVERSITY
PSY302-A01 Research Methods
Professor
April 15, 2015
Author Note:
This research was carried out as a partial fulfillment towards research methods course by.
Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to
1. What is your research question?
What is the significance of extroversion and introversion in marriage?
1. What is your hypothesis or hypotheses? What is the null hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis: Extroversion brings along successful family institution and marital bliss.
Alternate hypothesis: Extroversion does not bring along successful family institution and marital bliss.
1. How many participants would you like to use and why? What are the inclusion characteristics, i.e., what must they have in order to be included in your study (for example, gender, diagnosis, age, personality traits, etc.)? Are there any exclusion characteristics, i.e. are there certain characteristics that would exclude them from being in your study? Does the sample need to be diverse? Why or why not?
20 participants will be engaged in the research study. This is a small number that is easier to manage as well as coordinate their activities during the data collection exercise. Ideally, participants are required and are normally sampled from a large population to be a representative. The nature of the study will require the researcher to get participants who have experiences in marriage. On gender, I will sample equal number of men and women to act as the representative of the general population. The approach is guided by the population in the community where the number of women and men is at par. On age, I will pick individuals from across ages although the highest percentage will constitute of married individuals between the age of 30 and 40 years. Further, I will also pick four individuals who have divorced with the aim of understanding whether introversion or extroversion contributed to their divorce. I will also look at the personal traits of individuals; hence will both social and anti-social individuals. The target participants will precise, representative and homogeneous. They will then be divided into different sets or strata that are mutually exclusive in order to aid it obtaining a systematic process of research.
1. What sampling technique will be used to collect your sample? What population does yoursample generalize to?
Being a qualitative research, the research will utilize the sampling method in the collection of data. Surveying and questionnaire are the main data collection methods that are normally used in quantitative research. The methods aids in understanding the behavior and effects from different members of the focus groups. The approach helps to reduce biases that may emerge when using a bigger population size while at the same time gu ...
1- What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociologys mai.docx
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociology’s main approaches to doing research: scientific sociology, interpretative sociology, and critical sociology? How does each position offer a critique of the others? 2. The text discusses how sociologists operationalize the concept of social class. How would you operationalize important concepts such as intelligence, aggressiveness, femininity, or level of commitment to religion? 3. Discuss the links between the three methodological approaches to sociology and the three theoretical approaches? 4. Suppose you are a sociologist studying alleged police brutality. Construct two arguments, one proposing that you ought to be as objective as possible in your work and let others use your results as they may choose, and the other suggesting that, while striving for accuracy, you should take a stand against any injustices which your research may uncover. Which position do you find more convincing? Why? 5. What are ways that gender can shape sociological research? 6. To a young researcher, what are the advantages of using the method of participant observation? What are the disadvantages? 7. Do you think Zimbardo’s Stanford County Prison (research it) experiment was ethical, or should he have been prevented from conducting this study? Defend your position. 8. Explain how you would develop a representative sample of students on your campus in order to conduct some survey research.
Solution
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of sociology’s main approaches to doing research: scientific sociology, interpretative sociology, and critical sociology? How does each position offer a critique of the others?
Now we are going to explain about
the above sociology are going to be explaining briefly
scientific sociology : Sociologists of scientific knowledge study the development of a Scientific field and attempt to identify points of contingency or interpretative flexibility where ambiguities are present.
Interpretative sociology : Another way to look at society is to ask how people interpret the world around them    and react to those interpretations.Interpretivist sociology looks at the way society is shaped by the interpretations of the world.
Critical sociology : in sociology critical sociology is about critical thinking is often presented as a generic technique.
Critical thinking movement has spawned on industry of product lines , analytical typologies and multi-stage models.Critical thinking has been touched as promoting higher order thinking.
.
HUM 220 Enhance teaching - snaptutorial.com
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Social justice has been defined in different ways, but the definitions usually include similar ideologies. As you study the concept of social justice, you will come across some of the following ideas:
• Historical inequities that affect current injustices should be corrected until the actual inequities no longer exist or have been perceptively "negated.”
Due Thursday Feb 18, 2016 by NoonInstructions The critical eval.docx
Due Thursday Feb 18, 2016 by Noon
Instructions: The critical evaluation essay – Be sure to submit a final draft in MLA format on word. This paper should be at least 700 words, but no more than 850. Also, take great care not to plagiarize.
Mark Twain “The Story of the Bad Little Boy”
Write a critical analysis of Mark Twain’s “The Story of the Bad Little Boy” approaches can be quite straightforward. Psychological, gender, sociological, biographical, and historical are all approaches that many use naturally in viewing a work. However, if your interest lies elsewhere, feel free to choose another approach. This essay will need a debatable thesis. A thesis is not a fact, a quote, or a question. It is your position on the topic. The reader already knows the story; you are to offer him a new perspective based on your observations.
Since the reader is familiar with the story, summary is unnecessary. Rather than tell him what happened, tell him what specific portions of the story support your thesis.
Link to “The Story of the Bad Little Boy”
http://www.washburn.edu/sobu/broach/badboy.html
This paper should be at least 700 words, but no more than 850. The paper should be formatted correctly MLA style and written in third person (do not use the words I, me, us, we, or you). The essay should also contain citations and a works cited list based on your selected essay in the assigned readings. Formulate the structured response from your own close reading of the text.
DISCLAIMER: Originality of attachments will be verified by Turnitin.
Key Terms
This document lists and defines some of the 28 most important concepts that all psychology students and psychologists should know and understand well. Many of these concepts will appear again and again in your future classes and work in psychology. You will go deeper into many of them as you explore the world of Psychology.
CONCEPTS
Definition
1. ABC
Behavior therapists conduct a thorough functional assessment (or behavioral analysis) to identify the maintaining conditions by systematically gathering information about situational antecedents (A), the dimensions of the problem behavior (B), and the consequences (C) of the problem. This is known as the ABC model, and the goal of a functional assessment of a client's behavior is to understand the ABC sequence. This model of behavior suggests that behavior (B) is influenced by some particular events that precede it, called antecedents (A), and by certain events that follow it, called consequences (C). Antecedent events cue or elicit a certain behavior. For example, with a client who has trouble going to sleep, listening to a relaxation tape may serve as a cue for sleep induction. Turning off the lights and removing the television from the bedroom may elicit sleep behaviors as well. Con- sequences are events that maintain a behavior in some way, either by increasing or decreasing it. For example, a client may be more likely to return to counselin ...
Chapter 3 – Sport Ethics – concepts and cases in sport and recreat.docx
Chapter 3 – Sport Ethics – concepts and cases in sport and recreation (2nd Edition)
David Malloy, Saul Ross, Dwight Zakus
2003, Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. Canada
(slightly abridged)
"That’s cheating!" "No, it's not!"
"That’s wrong!" "No, it's perfectly alright!"
"That's bad!" "No, it isn't!"
"That's improper behavior!" "No, it's not!"
"That's a violation of policy!" "No, it isn't!"
"That may not be an actual violation, "If it's not a violation
but it certainly goes against the of the rules, then
spirit of the rules." it is perfectly acceptable."
Comments such as these all reflect a concern for ethics and ethical behavior. Each comment is an expression of a moral judgment about some behavior exhibited. Each comment uttered is the result of an evaluation or assessment made of the behavior in relation to an explicit or implicit standard. These comments are usually uttered based on observations of the behavior exhibited. The assessments originate from the observer's own set of beliefs about what is right or wrong, what is good or bad, or what is permissible or unacceptable.
A critical question emerges from the preceding comments: From where docs the standard come that the person uses to assess behavior and then render judgment? The beginning of an answer to the possible bases for ethical standards will be presented later in this chapter and a more elaborate treatment is reserved for the fourth chapter, "Sources of Ethical Decision··Making."
From this brief digression we return to an examination of the ways we make moral judgments. Frequently there is no critical examination nor probing of the set of beliefs, the actual basis for rendering moral judgment, used by the person making such comments. In part this is due to the paucity of attention paid to the study of ethics, generally, and to sport ethics, particularly, at all levels of schooling. While each individual has a personal sense of morality, without the serious, disciplined study of ethics it is not surprising to discover that most people are unaware of the bases for moral judgment. This text aims to consider ably reduce this lack of knowledge through the information provided below.
ln ordinary, everyday circumstances, human behavior is not pre-analyzed for us. There are, however, some instances when this does occur. For example, there arc times when teachers, parents, administrators, religious officials, writers of articles for newspapers and magazines, or authors of books discuss certain events. Then, through their analyses, they point out the good and the bad, the right and the wrong. These instances are few compared to the many times when we have to analyze the situation by ourselves. Consequently, there is an obvious need to comprehend the realm of ethics and to learn how to conduct moral.
HUM 220 EXceptional Education/snaptutorial.COM
Social justice has been defined in different ways, but the definitions usually include similar ideologies. As you study the concept of social justice, you will come across some of the following ideas:
Rational choice
The rational choice theory, also known as choice theory or rational action theory, is a theory for understanding and often modelling social and economic as well as individual behaviour.
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment 2
Planning, Negotiating & Implementation Assignment
Treylesia L. Alston
School of Behavioral Science, Liberty University
Author Note
Treylesia L. Alston (L32443087)
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Treylesia L. Alston
Email: [email protected]
Assignment 3: Research Questions & Variables
You will identify a research topic, explain your research idea, construct possible research questions (1 or 2 questions), determine which variables you could potentially use for your research paper (you will need to have 1 dependent variable and 3 independent variables), and state your hypotheses. You will have to give your future survey (Assignment 4) to friends or family, so think about what you will be able to ask them and what information they will be able to provide. We will not survey or interview vulnerable populations (anyone under 18, prisoners, etc.). It is okay if your idea is still a work-in-progress!
PADM 610
Case Study: Human Resources Assignment Instructions
Overview
In this Case Study, you will apply the Statesmanship model discussed in Module 1: Week 1 to a real, specific public administration context. In other words, choose an organization that is dealing with Human Resource policies, strategies, and procedures. Next, apply the statesmanship model discussed Module 1: Week 1 to this situation. The overarching idea of statesmanship is the call for moral character. In the context of this assignment, how can this model be applied to the situation at hand?
You will apply the Statesmanship model needed to deal with challenges of human resources policies, strategies, and procedures. Remember to also discuss the importance of the following:
· Covenant of
hesed
· Covenant of ethics
· Performance Evaluation
· Statecraft
Instructions
· Case Study scenarios must be taken from documented (published) public administration contexts; no hypotheticals are allowed.
· You can focus on one public administration organization or may refer to a particular situation (well-documented by the research) that public administrators faced during an actual event(s).
· All ideas you should be supported with sound reason and citations from the required readings and presentations, and additional resources.
· Paper should be 4–5 double-spaced pages of content in length (this does not include title page or reference pages).
· Paper should be in current APA format.
· Headings should be included and must conform to the content categories listed (i.e., Covenant of
hesed, Covenant of ethics, Performance Evaluation, etc.).
· 3–5 additional scholarly sources must be used. They need to be scholarly and provide relevant public administration theory and practices.
· All required reading and presentations from the assigned reading ...
Knot theoryDid you tie your shoe laces the same way today .docx
Knot theory
Did you tie your shoe laces the same way today as yesterday? We are all
familiar with knots from everyday life. But when does a mathematician
consider two knots to be the same? To capture the mathematical, rather
than physical, features of a knot, we glue the ends together to form a circular
loop, and then treat the string as infinitely strong, thin, and stretchy. The
downside of doing so is that it is not immediately clear how to distinguish
two knots, as there are infinitely many configurations for the same knot.
For this project you should find out about how knots are represented, and
about some of the invariants used to tell them apart. Some possible areas of
investigation include:
• tricolourability.
• genus.
• the Jones polynomial.
You should include plenty of your own examples to illustrate your under-
standing.
Prerequisites
No particular background knowledge is needed, but you will need to be able
to interpret a 2D diagram as a 3D object in space and visualise it moving
over time.
Literature
• Colin Adams, The Knot Book
• Peter Cromwell, Knots and Links
Additional tips:
The purpose of the final assignment is for you to analyze an existing policy (at the federal, state, or local level) and discuss its impact on a social problem. You aren’t proposing a policy, but analyzing an existing policy of interest to you.
Be sure to take enough time reading about the policy you selected to thoroughly understand it in an in-depth way and be able to confidently answer the questions in the assignment.
Please take time to carefully read each question in the assignment and be sure to answer it. As you proof-read your paper, take the opportunity to again review the assignment and double check that you have thoroughly but succinctly provided the information for each applicable question.
Please make sure you are using APA style in your final paper, including the title page with name and dates.
The assignment is 8 – 10 pages long because that’s roughly the length of a comprehensive social policy analysis. Please try to refrain from adding more words than necessary to stretch the length.
Proof-reading more than once is a great idea to try to catch sentences that aren’t sentences and words that are inadvertently misused. Read it out loud. I understand that the U of MD’s writing lab is available to help those interested in strengthening their writing skills – don’t hesitate to take advantage of it!
My expectation is that direct quotes be kept to a minimum in that graduate-level writing involves synthesizing ideas and then presenting them in your OWN words. For those quotes you do use, please be sure to use the correct citation and quotation marks. Not doing so may be considered plagiarism and will be responded to accordingly.
Assignment 2: Policy Analysis. DUE: 11/28
For this assignment, you will examine a social policy at the local, state or federal level by the legislative, executive, or judicial bran ...
Complete a one to two-page essay paper addressing the following ques.docx
Complete a one to two-page essay paper addressing the following questions:
1.
Explain what is meant by delinquency.
2.
Identify assumptions of the due process model in juvenile justice.
3.
Identify one main way that juvenile crime is measured in the United States.
4.
Describe the relationship between moral development and delinquency.
5.
Describe the impact of personality disorders on delinquency.
6.
Describe one social structure theory, one learning theory, and one social control theories.
Explain the concept of diversion.
Describe the types of programs that do tend to work in delinquency prevention.
Explain the discretionary options a police officer can exercise in juvenile cases.
Explain how community-oriented policing affects juvenile cases.
Describe the different ways police are allowed to handle juveniles.
Do not copy other people work must be in APA format
And please list question when answering
.
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Descriptive Ethics Encyclopedia Of Business Ethics
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