Educational technology is defined as the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance through creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources. It has broad scope that includes analyzing the teaching and learning process, setting educational goals and objectives, developing curriculum, teaching materials, and teacher training. It also covers strategies and tactics for teaching and learning, using audiovisual aids, hardware, mass media, and evaluation tools to effectively achieve educational objectives. Educational technology aims to apply scientific knowledge and discoveries to optimize the teaching and learning process.

1. ASSIGNMENT
Education -03
Technology and Communication in Education
ANEESH DANAM
B.ED -(P.S)
Roll No.2
Sem-I
Emmanuel College ofB.ED Training,
Vazhichal

2. TOPIC
Meaning, Objectives and Scope of
Educational Technology

3. INTRODUCTION
Educational technology can be considered either as a design science or as a collection of
different research interests addressing fundamental issues of learning, teaching and social
organization. The Association for Educational Communications and Technology, the professional
society for Educational Technology, defines it as: Educational technology is the study and ethical
practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing
appropriate technological processes and resources. The basic tenet of ET is to find viable solutions
to educational problems using all available resources (human and non-human) in a systematic
manner. The universally accepted definition of ET involves processes, methods and techniques,
products, resources and technologies organized into workable systems. Charts, graphs, textual
materials, experimental kits, projected electronic aids, audio materials, computers, films, videos,
the Internet, etc. can usefully serve the purposes of education in their own special ways and
together they can make learning an enriching experience. ET could be defined in simple terms as
the efficient organization of any learning system, adapting or adopting methods, processes, and
products to serve identified education.

4. SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Keeping an eye over broad concepts of educational technology, one is able to map but the
areas of its operation in terms of topic or aspects covered through its study or application.
The scope of educational technology are
1. Analysis of the process of teaching and learning:
Educational technology tries to discuss the concept of teaching, analysis of the teaching process,
variables of the teaching, phase of teaching, levels of teaching, theories of teaching, principles and
maxims of teaching, the concept of learning, relevance of the theories, the relationship between
teaching and learning.
2. Spelling out the educational goals or objectives:
Educational technology tries to discuss the topics such as identification of education needs and
aspirations of the community, survey of the resources available for satisfaction of these needs.
3. Development of curriculum:
This aspect of educational technology is concerned with the designing of a suitable curriculum
for the achievement of the stipulated objectives.
4. Development of teaching-learning material
This area of educational technology is concerned with the production and development of the
suitable teaching-learning material in view of stipulated objectives, design curriculum and
available resources.
5. Teaching preparation or teaching-training:
Teacher is a key figure in any process of teaching and learning. Educational technology,
therefore, take care of the proper preparations of teachers for exercising their complex
responsibilities.

5. 6. Development and selection of the teaching-learning strategies and topics:
This aspect deals with the central problems of teaching learning act. Here educational
technology tries to describe the ways and discovering, selecting and developing suitable strategies
and tactic of teaching.
7. Development, selection and use of the appropriate audio-visual aids:
Teaching -learning is greatly influenced and benefited by the use of appropriate audio-visual aids.
Educational technology covers this aspect by discussing various types of audio-visual aids used
for educational purpose, their proper selecting suiting to a particular teaching-learning situation.
8. Effective utilization of the hardware and mass media:
Various sophisticated instrument, equipment, gadget and communication devices brought
through mechanization and electronics revolution playing an effective role in the attainment of
educational objectives by helping the teachers and learners in their respective roles.
9. To work for the effective utilization of the subsystem of education:
Educational technology considers education as a system operating, in a systematic and scientific
way, for the achievement of educational objectives.
10. To provide essential feedback and control through evaluation:
educational technology I essentially concerned with the task of exercising appropriate control
over the process of teaching and learning by planning and devising suitable tools and devices for
the continuous evaluation of the process and products of the teaching-learning activities .actionable
goals

6. DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES:
“Educational Technology is the application of scientific knowledge and learning and the conditions of
learning to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and training.” - G.O. Leith
“Educational Technology is the application of scientific process to man’s learning conditions.”
- Robert A. Cox
“EducationalTechnology istheformof detailed application ofpsychologyof learning to practicalteaching
problems” - John P. Dececco
“Educational Technology is that branch of educational theory and practice concerned primarily with the
design and use of messages which control the learning process.” - E.E. Hadden
“EducationalTechnology isconcernedto provideappropriately designed learningsituationswhich,holding
in view of objectives of the Teaching of Training, being to bear the best means of instruction.”
-Richmond
“Educational Technology may be defined as the application of the laws as well as recent discoveries of
science and technology to the process of education.” - S.S. Kulkarni
“EducationalTechnology can be conceived as a science of techniquesand methodsby which educational
goals could be realized.” - S.K. Mitra
“The application of scientific process to man’slearning conditionsis whathas come recently to be called
‘educational or instructional’ technology.” - Robert A. cox

7. “EducationalTechnology is the development,application and evaluation of systems,techniquesand aids
in the field of human learning.” -D.E.S. Working Party
“The Development of asset of systematic techniques and accompanying practical knowledge for
designing, testing and operating schools as educational systems.” - Robert M. Gange

8. CONCLUSION
Educational Technology is as wide as Education itself. Educational Technology
implies the use of all educational resources – Men, Materials, Methods and Techniques,
Means and Media in an integrated and systematic manner for optimized learning.
Educational technology is concerned with all variables, phases, levels, and
aspects of the teaching-learning process. In brief, it works for overall planning and
organization of the system or subsystem of education. We can't put hedge and
boundaries around such a developing and fast growing subject. By scope of educational
technology we mean the jurisdiction, the limits or the boundaries within which it works. It
needs demarcation of the boundaries within which the process of education can go on.
Being a fast growing modern discipline it is almost practical all through and is expanding
with a tremendous speed, aiming at all- round development in the area of education.