Introduction to Android The Android Platform, Understanding Android Market, Layers of Android, Intent of Android Development, Types of Android Components, Mapping Applications to Processes, Creating an Android Application. Android’s Development Environment: Introduction to Android SDK, Exploring Android Development Environment and Building Android Application in Eclipse, Android Emulator and User Interfaces, Working with Views, Using Resources, and Understanding and Exploring Android Manifest File.

1. ANDROID

2. Who Is Android??
What Does Android Means??
How Many Of You Use Android??

3. Android
▪ Open Source OS built by Google for mobile phones, tablets.
▪ Was initially developed by android Inc. and google purchased the company in
2004
▪ Google releases the source code under the apache license in the AOSP(Android
Open Source Project)
▪ Officially, one can develop android application using c/c++ and JAVA.
2005 Google buys android Inc.
2007 Open handset alliance announced
2008-2010 Android becomes dominant platform
2011 Tablet, game, consoles, TV's.

4. FOUNDER’S OF
ANDROID
FIRST ANDROID
POWERED DEVICES
HTC G1

5. ANDROID PLATFORM/ECOSYSTEM
The very obvious stakeholders are the consumers that
own Android devices!
But there are others as well:
 Google, because it develops Android.
 OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers), who
manufacture the hardware, and also the custom
application components.
 Application Development Companies: They are
the biggest contributors to the ecosystem. They
employ Android developers, and also outsource the
product development to services companies.
 Freelance Android developers, because they have
the skill-set to contribute to the ecosystem. They
create their apps, and publish them on Google
playstore. Freelancers can also make money by
developing applications for product companies.

6. Android version’s

7. Mobile
Operators
Handset
Manufacturers
Semiconductor
Companies
Software
Companies
Commercializing
Companies
OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE
ADVANTAGES OF OHA
 Lower overall handset costs:
 Developer-friendly environment:
 Post-development
84 technology and mobile companies who
have come together to accelerate
innovation in mobile.

8. UNDERSTANDING ANDROID MARKET
Android
VS
Mobile
Operators
Android
VS
Feature
Phones
Android
VS
Smart
Phones
Android
VS
Itself
Network
providers
Nokia
Ios Version’s

9. SOO!!!
DONE FOR TODAY
ANY QUESTIONS???

10. ANDROID STACK/LAYER’S

11. It provides the following functions in the
Android system:
 Hardware Abstraction
 Memory Management Programs
 Security Settings
 Power Management Software
 Other Hardware Drivers
 Support for Shared Libraries
 Network Stack
At the bottom of the Android stack is the Linux Kernel.
It never really interacts with the users and developers, but is at the heart of the whole system.
Table Highlighting The Different Kernel Versions.

12. Libraries carry a set of instructions to guide the device in handling different types of data.
For instance, the playback and recording of various audio and video formats is guided by the
Media Framework Library.
Open Source Libraries
 Surface Manager: composing windows on the screen
 SGL: 2D Graphics
 Open GL|ES: 3D Library
 Media Framework: Supports playbacks and recording of various audio, video and picture formats.
 Free Type: Font Rendering
 WebKit: Browser Engine
 libc (System C libraries)
 SQLite
 Open SSL

13. Dalvik is open-source software. Dan Bornstein, originally wrote Dalvik VM.
It is the software responsible for running apps on Android devices.
 It is a Register based Virtual Machine.
 It is optimized for low memory requirements.
 It has been designed to allow multiple VM instances to run at once.
 Relies on the underlying OS for process isolation, memory
management and threading support.
 Operates on DEX files.

14. Our applications directly interact with these blocks of the Android architecture.
These programs manage the basic functions of phone like resource management, voice call
management etc.
Important blocks of Application Framework:
 Activity Manager: Manages the activity life cycle of applications.
 Content Providers: Manage the data sharing between applications.
 Telephony Manager: Manages all voice calls. We use telephony manager if we want to access voice calls in our
application.
 Location Manager: Location management, using GPS or cell tower
 Resource Manager: Manage the various types of resources we use in our Application

15. The applications are at the topmost layer of the Android stack. An average user of the Android
device would mostly interact with this layer (for basic functions, such as making phone calls,
accessing the Web browser etc.). The layers further down are accessed mostly by developers,
programmers and the likes.
Several standard applications come installed with every device, such as:
 SMS client app
 Dialer
 Web browser
 Contact manager

16. WHAT IS ANDROID RUN-TIME?
Dalvik Virtual Machine
 DVM is optimized for low processing power and low
memory environments. Unlike JVM, the Dalvik Virtual
Machine doesn’t run .class files, instead it runs .dex
files.
 Java source code is first converted into Java byte code
and then into Dalvik byte code using dex compiler.
Dalvik
Virtual
Machine
Core
Java Lib
Android
Runtime

17. Any questions??

18. COMPONENT’S OF ANDROID

19. ANDROID
COMPONENT’S
1.ACTIVITY 2. SERVICE
3. BROADCAST
RECEIVER
4. CONTENT
PROVIDER

20. ACTIVITY
 Activity provides the user a screen/interface to interact with the application.
 An application typically has multiple activities.
 All activities of an application are loosely interconnected
 Activities can have full screen or floating windows.
 Main Activity: Generally, one activity of an application is the main activity.

21. STAGES IN ACTIVITY LIFE-CYCLE
1) Starting State:
When an activity does not yet exist in memory, it is in the
starting state.
2) Resumed/Running State:
An activity that is in the foreground is in the running state.
3) Paused State:
When an activity is not in focus (i.e. not interacting with
the user), but is still visible on the screen, it is in the
paused state.
4) Stopped State:
An activity that is not visible on the screen, but exists in
the memory is in the stopped state.
5) Destroyed State:
A destroyed activity results from the removal of an activity
(that is no longer required) from the memory.

22. SERVICE
1) Faceless components: The components of Android system that run
in the background are Service components. They are very much like
activities, only without a User Interface.
2) Taking care of long running background tasks: They carry out long-
running tasks desired by the application (without user intervention).
Services run the background tasks that do not require a User Interface.
3) Unaffected by activity switching: Each Service has a specific job, and
they keep at it if you switch between different Activities, or even if you
switch to a different application altogether.
4) It can also provide functionality to other applications.
5) Example of Service: A good example is your music player.

23. BROADCAST RECIEVER
Pass a notification to the user, in
case a specific event occurs.

24. CONTENT PROVIDER
Content Provider facilitates access to a central data
store or warehouse to allow data sharing and data
manipulation across different applications.
Default content providers in android

25. INTENT IN ANDROID
 A message to communicate an action. It is a description of what
you want done, example: VIEW VIDEO, PLAY GAME etc.
 Communicators between the three core components of Android,
i.e. Activities, Services and Broadcast Receivers.
 Using intents, one Android component can request action from the
other components of Android.

26. Explicit Intent Implicit Intent