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1. UIT-RGPV
Presented to : Presented by-:
Prof. Shikha Agarwal Manish K Gupta
ME(CSE III Sem)

2. MAIN TOPICS
 Introduction
 OHA
 Problem’s with Android System
 Android technologies.
 Comparative Chart.

3. INTRODUCTION
What is Android?
 A software platform and operating system for mobile devices.
 Based on the Linux kernel.
 Allows writing managed code in the Java language.
 Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA).
 Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November
2007 with the founding of OHA.

4. WHAT IS THE OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE (OHA)
 It's a consortium of 86 H/W ,S/W and telecommunications companies.

5. WHAT IS THE OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE (OHA)
 Devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices.
 Develop technologies that will significantly lower the cost of
developing and distributing mobile devices and services.
 Write apps to run on mobile phones.
License:-
 Android is under version 2 of the Apache Software License (ASL).

6. VERSIONS OF ANDROID
VERSION CODENAME API_LEVEL
1.0 Base 1
1.5 Cupcake 3
1.6 Donut 4
2.1 Eclair 7
2.2 Froyo 8
2.3 - 2.3.2 Gingerbread 9
2.3.3 - 2.3.7 10
3.1 Honeycomb 12
3.2 13
4.0.3 - 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich 15
4.1 Jelly Bean 16
NOTE:- API Level is an integer value that uniquely identifies the framework
API revision offered by a version of the Android platform.

7. PROBLEM’S WITH ANDROID SYSTEM
1: Software fragmentation:-
 Simply put, there are too many versions of the Android
operating system in circulation. This means that developers can’t
just focus on the most recent versions of the OS.
 Not everyone has upgraded. It’s not easy for users to upgrade
their operating systems, and carriers have little incentive to do so.
 For example, we bought an Android phone in February 2011
that came equipped with Android 2.1. Version 2.2 had been
released way back in July of 2010!

8. PROBLEM’S WITH ANDROID SYSTEM
2: Hardware fragmentation:-
 User of android is usually faces the Hardware problems which will
affected the Throughput speed.
 For example Button A on Handset 1 does Function X. The
problem? Button A on Handset 2 does Function Y. Here’s a look at
the variety of button configurations. So obviously, you can’t design an
app that relies on Button A to do the same thing for everyone. Users
may grow frustrated and give up on an app that doesn’t perform
intuitively.

9. PROBLEM’S WITH ANDROID SYSTEM
3:Security Issues:-
 Lack of governance in the Android market has led to a proliferation of
malware programs that can masquerade as trusted apps.
 The openness of Android has made it susceptible to attack. To make
matters worse, unlike traditional open source software.
 Fragmentation on Android makes it difficult to roll out fixes. It’s hard to keep
customers happy and retain trust when security problems can’t be fixed
quickly.

10. PROBLEM’S WITH ANDROID SYSTEM
4:Market Research Cost:-
 As mentioned, understanding your customer is the key to getting an
Android app right. This, of course, requires lots of research into how
customers use the software and hardware on their phones. And, yes, that
takes time and can therefore be an expensive endeavor for developers to
undertake.

11. PROBLEM’S WITH ANDROID SYSTEM
5:Some other Problems:-
 CPU typically run 500-600 Mhz.
Ram available to an App may only be few Megabytes.
Disk (flash) access is very Slow.
Network access may be slow or (very) intermittent.
Sometimes gives illusion that Apps is running while the apps
was closed.
Too much Google dependent.

12. ANDROID TECHNOLOGIES
Introducing several technologies like:-
Amazing Photo Sphere- Up, down and all around you, it’s like no camera
we’ve ever seen. With Android 4.2, snap pictures in every direction that come
together into incredible, immersive photo spheres that put you right inside the
scene.
We can also View our photo spheres right on your phone, share them on
Google+ with your friends and family, or even add them to Google Maps for
the world to see.

13. ANDROID TECHNOLOGIES
A smarter keyboard, now with Gesture Typing
Writing messages on the go is
easier than ever with Gesture
Typing – just glide your finger over
the letters you want to type, and lift
after each word. You don’t have to
worry about spaces because they’re
added automatically for you.

14. ANDROID TECHNOLOGIES
One Tablet many Users
It’s your fully customized tablet.
And theirs, too. With support for
multiple users, you can give each
person their own space. Everyone
can have their own home screen,
background, widgets, apps and
games – even individual high
scores and levels!

15. WHAT NEXT IN ANDROID
 Android stats continue to be surprising: 400 million activated Android
devices,400,000 Android devices activated every day, 200,000 apps in the
Android Market, 4.5 billion apps downloaded from the Android Market.
The next major Android release is called Ice Cream Sandwich and the
goal is to create a unified operating system that runs on phones, tablets
and TVs. Ice Cream Sandwich will be released later this year.

16. COMPARATIVE STUDY
The figures are in: In the third quarter of
2012, no less than 75% of smartphones
shipped ran Google’s Android operating
system. This equates to 400 million Android
handsets, almost tripling the 125 million
Android smartphones from the same
quarter last year. If we look at the entirety of
2012 to date, 74.2% of smartphones sold
are powered by Android, up from 49.2% last
year.

17. GROWTH IN ANDROID
1% Sales Sales
1%
9% 1% iOS 4% iOS
20%
Android Android
Blackberr 75% Blackberr
89% y y
2007 2008
Sales iOS Sales iOS
6% 2% 8% 2%
Android Android
30% Blackberry 48% Blackberr
42% y
62%
Windows Windows
Phone Phone
2010 2012

18. REFERENCES
1. Hello, Android: Introducing Google's Mobile Development Platform by
-Ed Burnette
2. www.google.com
3. www.wikipedia.com
4. www.android.com
5. www.android.in
6. www.youtube.com

19. Save Water
Manish kr. Gupta