Spring gala 2024 photo slideshow - Celebrating School-Community Partnerships
Ancient structures in India (Indian Traditional Knowledge).ppt
1. Essence of Indian Traditional Knowledge
Lecture 4: Ancient structures in India.
Asst. Prof. U. S. Salunkhe
Hardwork, +ve Thinking & LUCK
is the path of success
Dept. of Civil Engg., MIT (E), A’bad
ME (Structure), B. Tech. (Civil), DCE
2. Module IV: Ancient structures in India.
4/3/2024 2
Essence of Indian Traditional Knowledge
Evolution of
Indian
Architecture
The Schools of
Art
Layout of A
Typical Temple
Ancient
Structures Nalanda
University
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1.The Indus Valley Civilization (2600-1900 BC).
2. Maurya & Gupta empires - Buddhist architecture in Ajanta-Ellora
caves, Sanchi Stupa etc.
3. South India - Hindu temples viz. Hoysaleswara - Halebid, Sun
Temple - Konark etc. Angkor Wat, Borobudur, other Buddhist
and Hindu temples influenced by South East Asian architecture.
4. Islamic influence - Fatehpur Sikri, Taj Mahal, Gol Gumbaz,
Qutub Minar etc.
5. British Indo-Saracenic style and European Gothic. e.g. The
Victoria Memorial & the Victoria Terminus.
6. Recent creations, Lotus Temple and Birla Temples across country.
Evolution of Indian Architecture
7. • The Sun Temple at Konark, Orissa has been
Constructed in 1255 C.E.,
• The iconic temple is built in the shape of a giant
ornamented chariot with twelve pairs of carved stone
wheels pulled by a set of seven horses, like the one
used by the Sun god, Surya.
• The temple is also structured in such a way that the
first rays of sunrise strike its principal entrance.
9. • The five-storey pyramidal monument is one of the key
attractions in Jaipur in the state of Rajasthan.
• Built in red and pink-coloured sandstone
• The structure was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai
Pratap Singh, the grandson of Sawai Jai Singh, who was
the founder of Jaipur.
• The original intent of the lattice design was to allow royal
ladies to observe everyday life and festivals celebrated in
the street below without being seen.
• This architectural feature also allowed cool air from
the Venturi effect to pass through, thus making the whole
area more pleasant during the high temperatures in
summer.
11. • The most well-known among historic Indian buildings,
the Taj Mahal is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and
one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
• Constructed by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1632 to
house the tomb of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
• Taj Mahal is an extensive complex of buildings and
gardens that extends over 22.44 hectares (55.5 acres)
• The Taj Mahal was constructed using materials from all
over India and Asia.
• Taj Mahal was constructed over a period of twenty-two
years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was
completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees.
13. • Qutb Minar, is a minaret (Tower) that forms part of
the Qutb complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in
the Mehrauli area of Delhi, India.
• Qutb Minar is a 73-metre (239.5 feet) tall tapering
tower of five storeys, with a 14.3 metres (47 feet)
base diameter, reducing to 2.7 metres (9 feet) at the
top of the peak
• It contains a spiral staircase of 379 steps.
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Nalanda was an ancient Mahavihara, a
revered Buddhist monastery which also served as a renowned centre
of learning, in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar)
in India.
The university of Nalanda obtained significant fame, prestige and
relevance during ancient times, and rose to legendary status due to
its contribution to the emergence of India as a great power around
the fourth century.
The site is located about 95 kilometres southeast of Patna near
the city of Bihar Sharif, and was one of the greatest centres of
learning in the world from the fifth century CE to c. 1200 CE.
Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Nalanda was destroyed three times but was rebuilt only
twice. in c. 1200 CE.
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At its peak the school attracted scholars and students from near
and far, with some travelling from Tibet, China, Korea, and Central
Asia.
The highly formalised methods of vedic studies helped the
establishment of large teaching institutions such as Taxila, Nalanda,
and Vikramashila, which are often characterized as India's early
universities.
On 25th November 2010, the Indian government, through an Act
of Parliament, passed Nalanda University Bill, and subsequently a
new Nalanda University was established.
It has been designated as an "International University of National
Importance."
