The document provides a historical overview of clothing in ancient India from the Indus Valley civilization through the Gupta period. Key developments include:
- Rudimentary clothing in the Indus Valley civilization from 5000 years ago including draped fabrics and body adornments.
- Introduction of the dhoti as the first form of lower body clothing during the Vedic period around 3500 years ago.
- Influence of foreign invaders like the Greeks, Kushans, and Persians from 2300-1800 years ago bringing new textiles, dyeing techniques, and stitched garments.
- Emergence of regional variations between the clothing of North and South India and development of early s
how did fashion in India evolve? in this presentation i have covered costume history of India.
Reach Me at priyalthakkar96@gmail.com
Also Check rainbowmonkey.in for my work
Ancient egyptian fashion priyanka singhMUKESH PANT
Egyptian Fashion has amazing dressing sense and is not oldfashioned even today. A lot can be adapted from the old civilization. Designs today can be motivated by their attire.
My style of designing - IF YOU DONT KNOW WHERE YOU COME FROM, YOU CANT DECIDE WHERE YOU ARE HEADING
This presentation highlights the glorious Mughal Era(1526-1748) costume,textile, ornament and it's impact on today's fashion.Detail description about of men's clothing ,women's clothings with accessories that affected the fashion world with it's richness and intricacy.
how did fashion in India evolve? in this presentation i have covered costume history of India.
Reach Me at priyalthakkar96@gmail.com
Also Check rainbowmonkey.in for my work
Ancient egyptian fashion priyanka singhMUKESH PANT
Egyptian Fashion has amazing dressing sense and is not oldfashioned even today. A lot can be adapted from the old civilization. Designs today can be motivated by their attire.
My style of designing - IF YOU DONT KNOW WHERE YOU COME FROM, YOU CANT DECIDE WHERE YOU ARE HEADING
This presentation highlights the glorious Mughal Era(1526-1748) costume,textile, ornament and it's impact on today's fashion.Detail description about of men's clothing ,women's clothings with accessories that affected the fashion world with it's richness and intricacy.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
6. Seafarers, traders. .in south Invasions in North Indo Aryans Persians Indo Greeks Parthian Sakas Kushans Huns Turks Mughals Roman traders Arab traders Portuguese French Dutch British Restricted by the Himalayan ranges in the east and the Vindhyas in south Diversity painted by the geography Of the Indian Subcontinent Migrations from Tibet Burma, china
8. Dravidian type Census of India (1901) "The [Indian] census report of 1901 divided the population of India into seven distinct racial types Dravidian the Turkic-Iranian Indo-Aryan Mongol-Dravidian Mongoloid Scytho-Dravidian Aryo-Dravidian
9. Epic or the Vedic age Maurya Greeks Kushans Partho-Synthians Guptas Islam Evidences but no Documentation No Evidences no Documentation 5300 years back 3500 years back 2300 years back 2100 years back 1800 years back 500 yrs back.. Indus valley civilization The DNA of our clothing in time Diversity brought in by History Of the Indian Subcontinent
10. Semitropical climates , clothes were not essential to survive Hence, Indian Clothing tended to become a religious , cultural and tribal identity .
11. Indus valley civilization Epic or the Vedic age Maurya Greeks Kushans Partho-Synthians Guptas Islam Hinduism Buddhism Hinduism Temple Era Manu Smriti Yagya and sacrifices Theism (Pujas) Evidences but no Documentation No Evidences no Documentation Jainism A brief overview of religion through time.
12. Epic or the Vedic age Maurya Greeks Kushans Partho-Synthians Guptas Islam Evidences but no Documentation No Evidences no Documentation 3500 years back 2300 years back 2100 years back 1800 years back 500 yrs back.. 5300 years back
13. State of society Indus Valley civilization 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE. Political No caste system. Priest king is believed to have ruled along side bureaucracy Its spread was Pakistan, Afghanistan and parts of India. integral component of the Bronze Age "world economy" in terms of trade relation Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back
14. Clothing rudimentary stitching. Nudity acceptable Body adorned with beads, jewels Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back
15. The Indus 5300 years ago Materials Textures Silhouettes Adornment Needles Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back
16. Necklace made from gold, agate, jasper, steatite and green stone Female figurine with four flowers arranged on the front part of a fan shaped headdress "Priest King“ cloak decorated with trefoil, double circle and single circle designs that were originally filled with red pigment Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back
17. Additionally, other archaeological finds are culturally consistent, such as the dancing girl, whose bracelets are similar to those worn by women of Northwest India today as well as Clothes that traveled to us… Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back
18. Maurya Greeks Kushans Partho-Synthians Guptas Islam No Evidences no Documentation 2300 years back 2100 years back 1800 years back 500 yrs back.. Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back Indus valley civilization 3500 years back
19. Socio cultural Vedic period 1500 to 500 BC There were no kingdoms. By late Vedic period Janapada (land) gained importance and kingdoms ( mahajanapadas ) were formed Probably around the 800 BC, the Aryans thrust eastwards along the gangetic plains removed the centre of gravity of conquered lands from the Punjab to Daob … Birth of… Caste system Hinduism Sanskrit Upanishads Vedas Ramayana Mahabharata Political 3500 years back
20. Indo – Aryan religion rose from a mixture of the indigenous people’s beliefs which was mainly the worship of fertility and worship of fire . The colour red therefore was considered sacred. Religion and Beliefs
21. Clothing Leave the loom, ready for wear . Early Indian did not use any sewn garments Sewing was considered inauspicious Upper body not covered by both male and females . 3500 years back
22. The Epic Age 3500 years ago Materials Textures Silhouettes Adornment The only mention of costumes is the “nivi” the only meaning that fits is the pleats”all evil on such occasions may be protected by the pleats” Cotton linen, silk were known. Woolen blankets and animal skins Dyes include indigo crimson magenta and yellow 3500 years back
23. Loin clothes: Kaupina (a.k.a. kowpina , kachcha ) is a distinctly Indian form of clothing from ancient times. It is a loin cloth passed between the legs and held by a string at the waist, just enough to cover the private parts. The remainder of the cloth acts as a throw or apron The first form of clothing happened as a form of protection for the males and as a chastity belt Functional form of clothing Clothes that traveled to us… 3500 years back
24. uttariya antariya 3500 years back The religious significance of sewing being inauspicious is observed yet, during puja ceremonies - The puja performer wears an unstitched garment. These names have early mentions in the Vedic texts
25. Gamchha (made up of thin coarse cotton fabric ) is a traditional Indian towel, adorned by a large population in utter Pradesh. Although it is normally used for drying one’s body after bathing, gamcha serves other purposes also. The present day Uttariya The present day antariya
26. Kushans Partho-Synthians Guptas Islam 2100 years back 1800 years back 500 yrs back.. Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back Indus valley civilization 2300 years back Epic or the Vedic age No Evidences no Documentation 3500 years back
27. Persian and Greek invasion Around the 5th century BC, north-western parts of India faced invasion by the Achaemenid Empire and the Greeks of Alexander's army. Persian way of thinking, administration and lifestyle came to India. This influence became bigger during the Mauryan dynasty. greeks 2300 years back
28. Socio cultural Founded by Chandragupta Maurya. Asoka responsible for widespread diffusion of Buddhism. Influenced by the Greeks and the Iranians which preceded this dynasty. Runs parallel to the Roman empire and the golden age of China, cross cultural under currents between China Persia and India are evident, facilitated by the silk route Political 2300 years back
29. Clothing Men and women continued to wear three unstitched garments, as in Vedic times. Antariya in kaccha style, uttariya across the head or casually draped on the shoulders , kayabandh or the girdle The cloth became finer with the increase in status of the person adorning it. . Cotton continued to be used as the traditional textile , And silk (called Cinamsuka) was imported from China along the Silk Route The Birth of the Ghagra noticed in some parts kayabandh antariya uttariya Mauli/ turban 2300 years back
30. The Maurya Dynasty Materials Textures Silhouettes Adornment Silk was imported from China known as Cinamsuka Rudimentary stitching Graeco-Roman influences in jwellery 2300 years back
31. Silhouettes Uttariya, Antariya and Cummerband observed as primary garments 2300 years back
32.
33. the foreigners…. A description of Persian costume of 500 BC. coat that was open down the front, had a fitted waist, and long tight sleeves sewn into the armholes. At first it was knee-length, later calf length. Indigenous people 2300 years back
34. 7th Century Sigiriya: “The royal ladies in the frescoes...displayed their breasts. The ladies in waiting wear...a firm 'breast bandage' or sthanapatiya ." As seen the stitched garments were adopted by the common man. The ruling class, the god and goddesses continued to be depicted in nude 2300 years back
35.
36.
37. Kanchuka –ghagra : a functional attire Kanchuka has morphed into the “choli” or blouse. Clothes that traveled to us… 2300 years back The reason why the skirt or the ghagra must have survived in the plains is because its easier for the female to defecate as it forms a tent around her and provides privacy
38. Guptas Islam 1800 years back 500 yrs back.. Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back Indus valley civilization 2100 years back Epic or the Vedic age No Evidences no Documentation 3500 years back Maurya Greeks 2300 years back
39. Socio cultural An epoch dominated by international exchanges through the Silk Route. Buddhism continued to evolve Kushan Period- the Sakas (Scythians, ancestors of Rajputs) The Kushans established themselves in punjab, meanwhile the parthians, who had sttled in the western sataraps gave in to the kushans Political 2100 years back
40. At the turn of the Century, Kushan Dynasty 2100 years back
41. Clothing 2100 years back 1.indigenous people-the antariya , uttariya , and kayabandh , 2. guardians and attendants of the harem-usually the indigenous and sewn kancuka , red-brown in color 3.foreign Kushan rulers and their entourage a mixture of foreign and indigenous garments. trade relation with Rome brought in different form of Drape which manifested into today's Sari Kushan costumes may be divided into five types. It also set stone of difference between the costumes of north and the south India. As the foreigners were restricted to the north of vindhyas only
42. The Kushan Dynasty The Ancient “globalization” Materials Textures Silhouettes Adornment 2100 years back
43. The dress was worn by most of Scythian and Iranian races and resembled particularly that of the Parthians It consisted of a ruched long-sleeves tunic with a slit for the neck opening , simple or elaborately decorated. The close-fitting knee-length tunic was sometimes made of leather, and with it could be worn a short cloak or a calf-length woolen coat or caftan , worn loose or crossed over from right to left and secured by a belt of leather or metal. External influence…. Stitched clothes.. 2100 years back Kaniska (from the warrior class) is depicted wearing a Iranian tunic, Scythian Cap and a nomadic horseman's heavy boots The Kushan dress had evolved from a nomad culture based on the use of the horse
44. At Gandhara there are figures wearing a sari-like garment which seems to have evolved from palmyrene (Graeco-Roman) or pure Roman dress. This is the palla (draped over garment worn over a long gown with ruched sleeves, which was typical of the Roman matron) pinned at the left shoulder. The difference in some of the Gandhara female figures is that they wear, in addition, an antariya, which is extended in length. This long antariya is worn in the kachcha style but one end continues over the left shoulder and is broached there like the palla. First evidence of a single drape… the sari influence of the roman drape 2100 years back
45. The total ensemble looks very much like the Deccani sari of today.. The wearing of an uttariya with the sari is still seen in the fisher-folk of Maharashtra. Clothes that traveled to us… 2100 years back It is worn in the kacha style like the ancient antariya
46. The migrants who settled in India The Parsis And the Scythians 2100 years back
47. Parsis are descended from Persian Zoroastrians who emigrated to the Indian subcontinent ancient Persian rulers Modern Mumbai Parsi Family in traditional attire The immigrants were granted permission to stay by the local ruler Jadi Rana on the condition that they adopt the local language (Gujarati), that their women adopt local dress (the sari ) The parsi cap: Clothing as means of preserving identity as in case of Parsees
48. The Indo-Scythians are a branch of the Indo-Iranian Sakas (Scythians), who migrated into parts of Western and Central India, Gujarat and Rajasthan, from the middle of the 2nd century BCE to the 4th century CE . The agrarian and artisan communities (e.g. Jats, Gujars, Ahirs, Rajputs, Lohars, Tarkhans etc .) of the entire west are derived from the war-like Scythians who settled north-western. 2100 years back
49. These migrants brought with them new silhouettes, textures and materials that makes the present day scenario of northwest India so colourful and Vibrant. Clothes that traveled to us …
50. Mughals 500 yrs back.. Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back Indus valley civilization 1800 years back Epic or the Vedic age No Evidences no Documentation 3500 years back Maurya Greeks 2300 years back Kushans Partho-Synthians 2100 years back
51. Political As traditional Hindu monarchs, the Gupta s were strong supporters of vedic religious beliefs and rituals. Hinduism had reached its peak Manu Smriti dictated a rigid class system And Buddhism declined 1800 years back The Gupta empire was founded in northern India at the beginning of the fourth century AD after a long period of chaos which ensued when the Kushan empire ended in the middle of the third century Down south commerce was at its height with south east countries and spreading indian textiles and art. Social
52. Clothing Many forms of cut-and-sewn garments became fashionable, especially at court. By now clearly defined the costumes of north and south India. In northern India where climatic conditions were more suitable there was greater emphasis on the stitched garments, but in the south, as is apparent even today, the indigenous antariya, uttariya and kayabandh held their own 1800 years back
53. Clothing of the female: The apron-like attachment at the front of the blouse, visible in some of the frescoes, could have evolved from the need for protection against the cold for the front part of the body, or as a modesty covering over the stomach which was exposed, the skirt being worn below the navel. The external influence…. Stitched clothes.. 2100 years back
54. Village women – Deogarh caves This is interesting as it shows the angharakha worn with trousers instead of the ghagri or lehenga Maybe the trouser suited more in terms of protection against the climate and was similar to the garments of the foreigners, therefore adopted. Deogarh
55.
56. The sari drape change.. From kaccha to lungi style Clothes that traveled to us…
57. Men from the north and the west (Gujarat, Uttar pradesh, Madya Pradesh) who are traditional dhoti wearers are shifting to Lungi when at home as it’s a easier drape.
58. Islam 500 yrs back.. Evidences but no Documentation 5300 years back Indus valley civilization 500 years back Epic or the Vedic age No Evidences no Documentation 3500 years back Maurya Greeks 2300 years back Kushans Partho-Synthians 2100 years back Guptas 1800 years back
59. The journey started with Arab Raiders from Persia in 712-850 997-1030:turkic afgan Mahmud Ghazni raided India and destroyed and looted Temples. 1210-1526: the delhi sultanate- the turbulent period.
60. jubba Kaba Kurtak Exposure to a wide variety of apparel for more than a decade resulted and assumed numerous regional variations, from the nomad garments of central Asia into the refined costume of the Mughals- in the instance of one type of garment, that evolved into the comfortable and relaxed dress of the common man – Kurta Pyjama Kaba Kurtak
61. 500 years back Mughal Empire was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most of the Indian subcontinent from the early 16th to the mid-19th centuries. The classic period of the Empire starts with the accession of Jalaluddin Mohammad, better known as Akbar the Great, in 1556 . The Mughal Empire survived until 1857, but its rulers were, after 1803, pensioners of the East India Company. Political Mughal Empire April 21, 1526 September 21, 1857
62. Clothing Influences Interestingly, each emperor maintained his own contemporary style of dressing in court and otherwise The initial influence was restricted to the court, nobility and the upper class. Purdah, nose rings and the salwar kameez established themselves in this period A new sartorial morality stuck root - the purpose of clothing moved from protection and ornamentation to “rules of behavior” for men and women : Veils, turbans etc acquired cultural and societal connotations. Socio-Cultural impact 500 years back
63. The Mughal Dynasty 500 years back…. Materials Textures Silhouettes Adornment 500 years back
64. Babar who was brought up in the cooler climate of Turkistan, retained the costumes of his homeland; the most popular garments in his period were ‘chafan’ (long coat) and ‘postin’ (sheep skin coat). Perhaps he wore them for traditional rather than practical reasons. Babur in 1526 postin 500 years back
65. Humayun introduced Persian elements in the costumes . He was notorious for seeking the help of planetary movements (every day) in choosing what to wear. He also maintained a special treasure house in his palace to accommodate textiles and garments. 500 years back
66. Akbar took the initiative of introducing local textiles, which were best suited to the hot climate of the region Akbar also developed a vocabulary of clothing and textile. Some new terms were introduced; jama was renamed ‘sarbgati’ meaning, that which covers the entire body, ‘izar’ (drawers) was renamed ‘yar pirahan’ meaning ‘companion of the coat’, ‘burqa’ and ‘hijab’ (over garment covering the body and face) were named ‘hitragupta’ (Sanskrit word) meaning ‘that which hides the face’ and ‘shawl’ took the name ‘paramnarm’ meaning ‘extremely soft’. Akbar 500 years back
67. Mughals neither lost their identity nor conquered the country culturally Mughal expansion was a process of evolution rather than imposition. Because Hinduism had penetrated so deeply the foreigners were considered mleecha (impure) .hostile. Large number of Hindu converts felt no need to change their fashions. Though after the initial clash followed fusion, with the citizens adopting part of the mughal culture and fashion 500 years back
68. marking features introduced to differentiate Hindus from the Muslims even though they were wearing the same kind of clothes. The emperor Akbar was smart enough in maintaining the freedom and religious identity as the Hindu Chakdar Jama was fastened on the left side of the body and Muslims fastened it on the right side. Hindus Muslim 500 years back Chakdar Jama
69. He himself took interest in the Clothing of court dresses and introduced the ‘Chakdar jama’ to his court, which is a cross over tunic, with slits around the skirt and an asymmetrical hemline. Although it was in Clothing in India since medieval times, Akbar restyled the garment and developed it into a formal gown by removing slits, rounding the hemline and increasing the fullness of the skirt 500 years back
70. The development of the Purdah system many Hindu nobles were asked their daughter in marriage to Muslim sultans against their practices. consequently they responded to the pressure by adopting ‘purdah’to keep gaze at bay and early child marriages. The intermarriages that happened lead to the introduction of their dress styles The social adoptions……. 500 years back
73. Some traders adopted the mughal head dress which is still in use Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of Pakistan, in Shalwar, sherwani and Karakuli hat, with his sister Fatima Jinnah, in Shalwar Qameez. Picture taken in 1947. The afghan- type Karakuli cap is a common sight in Delhi during winters Clothes that traveled to us… 500 years back
74. Nose rings are said to brought to India by the Mughal. Salwar Kamiz, sherwanis are legacies from the mughal dynasty, and mainstream garments today 500 years back Clothes that traveled to us…
75. In the punjab region, people moved from wearing lungis to pajamas. Pajamas are worn in Punjab by both Hindus and the Muslims. The functional adoptions…. 500 years back Clothes that traveled to us…
79. PUNJAB, CASHMERE. Camel-wool over-garment, "tshoga". The Punjab tshoga is reminiscent of the shape of Turkestan garments. It always has a shoulder seam. Plaited silk cords are attached to slit over breast to close garment.
82. Kashmir.. Functional adoption of clothing from central Asia Influenced by the Hindus, Buddhists, Muslims and bearing a clear stamp of the Afghan and central Asian contributions. Due to the climatic extremities salwar is the common dress for both Hindus and the Muslims Veil not present
83. Himachal pradesh… Dress evolve out of necessity Dress evolves out of necessity owning to extreme climate - the total ensemble consists of a loose chola reaching from the neck to the ankle, this is worn over a trouser. The male attire consists of a tight trouser, jamah and a cap.
84. Punjabis in India have mainly Indo-Aryan and Indo-Scythian origin. Their indigenous garment was the lungi though they adopted the salwar for functional purposes. Influences from the neighboring areas like Kashmir
86. Gujarat West and south west of Rajasthan ghaghra is mostly confined to peasants and the saurastra region further south people wear sari, the ghagra retains its use as an undergarment, as is the proved by the fact that even as a petticoat the underwear ghaghra is embellished , being reminiscent of the original practice of having the latter as the principal wear. Males dress is composed of a pagri breeches and short kurta
87. Maharastra the dividing line of north and the south From here we find minimum external influences on clothing owning to geographical limitations. Further south the sari is the primary attire of the female and lungi or Mundu for the males.
88. Though the drape changes with from one place to another The reasons of which are social, cultural norms of Identity of a place and community.
90. Koppla Velam women with typical saris draped short. Vizagapatnam Koppla Velam women with typical saris draped long. Vizagapatnam Woman Brahmane Telugu with traditional caste sari in temple. Masulipatnam.
91. Old tribal woman with Sarguja Oraon sari. Old woman with Rajim sari.
92. Tevar woman with traditional sari of her caste. Tiruchendur Woman with traditional sari of Salem. Tiruchengodu. Chettiyar woman with traditional sari her caste. Karaikkudi Woman with "pinkosu" sari with pleats stretched. Tiruchendur
93. Orissa and the East East we find influences from Tibetan and Chinese clothing
94. Within these broad clothing preferences , each community tried to differentiate from others by bringing in small changes in drapes, or wearing a particular jewelry, use of color etc to Identify themselves.
95. Conclusion So till now Indian clothing had functional (protection & adornment), socio-cultural (social Structure, values, Sacred ) roots to itself which has become an Identity of the people Communities use clothing and external symbols to preserve their identities among the mass : as indicators of social status, marital status, origin, wealth, religion
96. From here we would understand the Mutations that happened in the Indian fashion journey.. The change of aspirations.. from the Europeans (British) to the American.. To our very own Bollywood, and television The Journey
97. Forces that coloured the Indian Fashion Scene Ancient Modern.. Part 2 migrations invasions Functional, cultural adoptions conversions Independence Bollywood Globalization television