An overview and progress with project implementation

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Presentation during African Cassava Agronomy Initiative (ACAI) Second Annual Review Meeting and Planning Workshop on 11 – 15 Dec. 2017 at Gold Crest Hotel, Mwanza, Tanzania. Presented by Pieter Pypers.

Science

www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
An overview and progress with project
implementation
African Cassava Agronomy Initiative (ACAI)
Second Annual Review Meeting
and Planning Workshop
11 – 15 Dec. 2017
Gold Crest Hotel, Mwanza, Tanzania
Pieter Pypers

An overview and progress with
project implementation
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org

ACAI – 6 use cases
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
Best Fertilizer Blends (FB)
Site-specific Fertilizer
Recommendations (FR)
Optimal Intercropping Practices (IC)
Best Planting Practices (PP)
Scheduled Planting (SP)
High Starch Content (HS)

ACAI – 6 work streams (WS)
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
WS1: Research on cassava growth dynamics, nutrient and water requirements,
and responsiveness to inputs
WS2: Development of a geo-spatial cassava agronomy information base
WS3: Production and validation of demand-driven decision support tools for
cassava agronomy
WS4: Facilitation of the use of decision support tools to primary and other
development initiatives
WS5: Capacity development of national institutions to engage in transformative
cassava agronomy R4D
WS6: Project governance, management, coordination, and M&E

WS1 – Agronomy research
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Literature review
OP2: Fertilizer response curves
OP3: Nutrient norms
OP4: Growth models
OP5: QUEFTS
OP6: Agronomy and starch

WS2 – Geospatial information base
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Sampling frames
OP2: GIS layers
OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline
OP4: Recommendation domains
OP5: Database infrastructure

WS3 – DST development
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Use cases identified
OP2: Fertilizer blending application
OP3: Site-specific fertilizer app
OP4: Best planting practices app
OP5: Intercropping app
OP6: Scheduled planting app
OP7: High starch app
OP8: Apps for tier 2 countries

WS4 – Facilitating use of DSTs
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Grassroot events
OP2: Training videos
OP3: Capacity development of EAs
OP4: Awareness campaigns
OP5: Cassava clusters

WS5 – Capacity building
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Agronomy research capacity
OP2: Database management
OP3: GIS / geospatial analyses
OP4: Project management
OP5: Soil and plant analyses

WS6 – Project management
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
OP1: Project staff
OP2: reporting framework
OP3: ME&L framework
OP4: Planning meetings
OP5: Communication

Thank you !
Questions?
www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org

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The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the ‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space, because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago. We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data 1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’ did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.

Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf

University of Hertfordshire

When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best. Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level. Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.

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The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young

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An overview and progress with project implementation

1. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org An overview and progress with project implementation African Cassava Agronomy Initiative (ACAI) Second Annual Review Meeting and Planning Workshop 11 – 15 Dec. 2017 Gold Crest Hotel, Mwanza, Tanzania Pieter Pypers

2. An overview and progress with project implementation www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org

3. ACAI – 6 use cases www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org Best Fertilizer Blends (FB) Site-specific Fertilizer Recommendations (FR) Optimal Intercropping Practices (IC) Best Planting Practices (PP) Scheduled Planting (SP) High Starch Content (HS)

4. ACAI – 6 work streams (WS) www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org WS1: Research on cassava growth dynamics, nutrient and water requirements, and responsiveness to inputs WS2: Development of a geo-spatial cassava agronomy information base WS3: Production and validation of demand-driven decision support tools for cassava agronomy WS4: Facilitation of the use of decision support tools to primary and other development initiatives WS5: Capacity development of national institutions to engage in transformative cassava agronomy R4D WS6: Project governance, management, coordination, and M&E

5. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch

6. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch

7. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch 939 field trial locations 1486 trials 736 362 219 169 9278 yield assessments

8. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch 20,759 leaf samples collected

9. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch LINTUL

10. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch

11. WS1 – Agronomy research www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Literature review OP2: Fertilizer response curves OP3: Nutrient norms OP4: Growth models OP5: QUEFTS OP6: Agronomy and starch 1624 starch measurements

12. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure

13. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure Rigid, GIS-assisted sampling frame SOP, maximizing representativeness

14. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure Crop mask + current & attainable yield and crop calendars based on crop models

15. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure NG TZ ‘Treated’ HHs 1260 800 Control HHs 550 440 Baseline ongoing

16. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure Rapid yield assessment SOP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 02468 Predicted (fit to all data) Root.mass..kg. Small symbols show cross-validation p Fold 1 Fold 2 Fold 3 Fold 4 Fold 5 Fold 1 Fold 2 Fold 3 Fold 4 Fold 5 Fold 1 Fold 2 Fold 3 Fold 4 Fold 5 Fold 1 Fold 2 Fold 3 Fold 4 Fold 5 Fold 1 Fold 2 Fold 3 Fold 4 Fold 5 Yield measurements for ground-truthing

17. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure Price data collection over phone

18. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure

19. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure SharePoint ODK / ONA / ENKETO / R / R-Shiny

20. WS2 – Geospatial information base www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Sampling frames OP2: GIS layers OP3: Yield gap maps / baseline OP4: Recommendation domains OP5: Database infrastructure

21. WS3 – DST development www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Use cases identified OP2: Fertilizer blending application OP3: Site-specific fertilizer app OP4: Best planting practices app OP5: Intercropping app OP6: Scheduled planting app OP7: High starch app OP8: Apps for tier 2 countries

22. WS3 – DST development www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Use cases identified OP2: Fertilizer blending application OP3: Site-specific fertilizer app OP4: Best planting practices app OP5: Intercropping app OP6: Scheduled planting app OP7: High starch app OP8: Apps for tier 2 countries V1 developed for each use case

23. WS3 – DST development www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Use cases identified OP2: Fertilizer blending application OP3: Site-specific fertilizer app OP4: Best planting practices app OP5: Intercropping app OP6: Scheduled planting app OP7: High starch app OP8: Apps for tier 2 countries V1: research tools for validation In different formats

24. WS4 – Facilitating use of DSTs www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Grassroot events OP2: Training videos OP3: Capacity development of EAs OP4: Awareness campaigns OP5: Cassava clusters

25. WS4 – Facilitating use of DSTs www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Grassroot events OP2: Training videos OP3: Capacity development of EAs OP4: Awareness campaigns OP5: Cassava clusters Year 3 activity – opportunity for validation

26. WS5 – Capacity building www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Agronomy research capacity OP2: Database management OP3: GIS / geospatial analyses OP4: Project management OP5: Soil and plant analyses

27. WS5 – Capacity building www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Agronomy research capacity OP2: Database management OP3: GIS / geospatial analyses OP4: Project management OP5: Soil and plant analyses

28. WS6 – Project management www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Project staff OP2: reporting framework OP3: ME&L framework OP4: Planning meetings OP5: Communication

29. WS6 – Project management www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Project staff OP2: reporting framework OP3: ME&L framework OP4: Planning meetings OP5: Communication Tracking project progress against milestones Reporting tools directly feeding data matrix

30. WS6 – Project management www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org OP1: Project staff OP2: reporting framework OP3: ME&L framework OP4: Planning meetings OP5: Communication www.acai-project.org

31. Thank you ! Questions? www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org

An overview and progress with project implementation

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