America Compared Wwii

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Initially, President Roosevelt declared neutrality while Prime Minister Churchill watched without action as WWII began in Europe. After France fell, Roosevelt and Churchill formed an alliance to save Britain. Political maneuvering complicated the joint war effort. WWII ended the Great Depression globally and established the US as the world's police. It devastated Western Europe's empires, started the Cold War, and made Japan a superpower, though racial prejudice against Japanese Americans resulted from Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor out of hatred for the US.

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What were the causes of World War II? The main cause of the European war was Hitler’s drive to create lebensraum or living space for Germans in Eastern Europe (Shubert, A. & Goldstein, R.J. 2012). Hitler wanted to expand his Aryan nation and needed more territory to ensure it reached its full potential. The Allied powers were appeasing Hitler up until the invasion of Poland which led to a declaration of war by France and Great Britain. In the Pacific, the Japanese empire began expanding before European powers were staged to begin their conflict. The Japanese were reliant on imports to drive their economy as they had no natural resources. They knew in order to become self-sufficient they would need to expand. They began doing this in 1931 until their attack on Pearl Harbor which brought the US into the war. Had the US not cut off oil to the Japanese empire the US may not have gotten involved in the war. How did it differ from the First World War? The first World War began with the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, national alliances, and European expansionism. The second World War was different in the fact the continent was as a whole not prepared for a war. The Great Depression and economic issues were chocking European nations. To contrast with the first World War, most European nations were ready for a war and wanted one. The allies leading up to the second World War tried to prevent it as much as possible. By appeasing Hitler, they felt they could stop him from expanding too much. However, they were too soft on him and at the very end of the pre-war era, they tried to take a tough stance. Hitler did not budge, however. The second World War was about expanding empires, recovering national pride, and creating an Aryan living space. The first World War revolved around land grabbing which ended in little land actually being grabbed. In the Pacific, the Japanese empire seized territory for resources such as oil and rubber in addition to expanding their empire. However, their primary goal was to obtain enough land to be self-sufficient economically. What role did race, and ethnicity play in the conflict? Race played a factor on both sides of the conflict. For the Axis powers, it was more apparent. The Nazis were exterminating Jews, blacks, homosexuals, and Slavs. His vendetta against these groups caused thousands to die. From occupied France to parts of occupied Russia the Germans executed their brutal ideology on occupied peoples. This played a huge role in how occupied nations were governed and order maintained. In the Pacific, the Japanese were massacring Chinese, Korean, and Indonesian people. The Japanese did not see these people as equal to them. So, anyone who resisted or was accused of resisting was killed. This continued throughout the war. In Allied ranks, Segregation existed within the US, this carried over onto the battlefield. Entire regiments of troops were minorities. Separating fighting forces by race w ...

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Lecture Slides Give Me Liberty! AN AMERICAN HISTORY FIFTH EDITION By Eric Foner 1 Chapter 22: Fighting for the Four Freedoms: World War II, 1941 to 1945 The most popular works of art in World War II were paintings of the Four Freedoms by Norman Rockwell. In his State of the Union address before Congress in January 1941, President Roosevelt spoke of a future world order based on “essential human freedoms”: freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. During the war, Roosevelt emphasized these freedoms as the Allies’ war aims, and he compared them to the Ten Commandments, the Magna Carta, and the Emancipation Proclamation. In his paintings, created in 1943, Rockwell portrayed ordinary Americans exercising these freedoms: a citizen speaking at a town meeting, members of different religious groups at prayer, a family enjoying a Thanksgiving dinner, and a mother and father standing over a sleeping child. Though Rockwell presented images of small-town American life, the United States changed dramatically in the course of the war. Many postwar trends and social movements had wartime origins. As with World War I, but on a far greater scale, wartime mobilization expanded the size and reach of government and stimulated the economy. Industrial output skyrocketed and unemployment disappeared as war production finally ended the Depression. Demands for labor drew millions of women into the workforce and lured millions of migrants from rural America to industrial cities of the North and West, permanently changing the nation’s social geography. The war also gave the United States a new and lasting international role and reinforced the idea that America’s security required the global dominance of American values and power. Government military spending unleashed rapid economic development in the South and West, laying the basis for the modern Sunbelt. The war created a close alliance between big business and a militarized federal government—what President Dwight D. Eisenhower later called the “military-industrial complex.” And the war reshaped the boundaries of American nationality. The government recognized the contributions of America’s ethnic groups as loyal Americans. Black Americans’ second-class status attracted national attention. But toleration went only so far. The United States, at war with Japan, forced more than 100,000 Japanese-Americans, including citizens, into internment camps. The Four Freedoms thus produced a national unity that obscured divisions within America: divisions over whether free enterprise or the freedom of a global New Deal would dominate after the war, whether civil rights or white supremacy would define race relations, and whether women would return to traditional roles in the household or enter the labor market. The emphasis on freedom as an element of private life would become more and more prominent in postwar America. 2 World War II Posters Give Me Liberty!: An American H ...

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World War II (WWII) was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world’s nations. It was the deadliest and most widespread war in history, with major theaters of operations in Europe, Asia, and Africa.World War II involved many countries across the globe, divided into two major alliances: the Allies(US,UK,CHINASOVIET UNION,FRANCE) and the Axis powers (GERMANY,ITALY,JAPAN). The conflict resulted in a series of theaters of war in different regions. Here is a brief overview of the major countries involved: Causes of World War II: 1. Treaty of Versailles (1919): ● The harsh terms imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I created economic hardships, resentment, and a desire for revenge. This fueled the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany. 2. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes: ● The emergence of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan contributed to the destabilization of international relations. Hitler’s expansionist ambitions, Mussolini’s aggression in Africa, and Japan’s militarization set the stage for conflict. 3. Expansionism and Imperialism: ● Aggressive territorial expansion by Germany, Italy, and Japan heightened tensions. Germany’s occupation of the Rhineland, Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia, and Japan’s invasion of Manchuria were early signs of aggression. 4. Appeasement Policy: ● The policy of appeasement, where Western democracies attempted to pacify aggressive regimes through concessions, allowed Hitler to pursue his expansionist agenda without facing immediate resistance. 5. Failure of the League of Nations: ● The League of Nations, established after World War I to maintain peace and prevent conflicts, failed to address the aggressive actions of expansionist powers. Its inability to enforce collective security contributed to the breakdown of international order. 6. Non-Aggression Pact: ● The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 provided a temporary alliance and non-aggression agreement, allowing Hitler to invade Poland without fearing Soviet intervention. 7. Invasion of Poland (1939): ● The invasion of Poland by Germany in September 1939 marked the beginning of World War II. Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany. 8. Blitzkrieg Tactics: ● Germany’s use of Blitzkrieg tactics, characterized by rapid and coordinated attacks using air and ground forces, led to swift victories in Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, and France. Consequences of World War II: 1. Human Casualties: ● World War II resulted in an unprecedented loss of life. Estimates suggest that over 70 million people died, including military personnel and civilians, making it one of the deadliest conflicts in history. 2. Holocaust: ● The Holocaust, perpetrated by the Nazis, led to the systematic genocide of six million Jews and millions of others, including Romani people, disabled individuals, and political dissidents. 3. Destruction of Cities:

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