Health related ppt

1. AMBULATORY CARE,
ACUTE AND
CRITICAL CARE

2. AMBULATORY CARE
DEFINITION
Ambulatory care is a personal health care
consultation, treatment or intervention using
advanced medical technology or procedures
delivered on an outpatient basis
An ambulatory care patient as “an individual
presenting for personal health services who is
neither bedridden nor currently admitted to any
health care institution”
BY- NATIONAL AMBULATORY MEDICAL CARE SURVEY

3. AMBULATION CLASSIFICATION
NON FUNCTIONAL
Patient cannot ambulate, ambulates in parallel bars only, or requires
supervision or physical assistance from more than one person to
ambulate
AMBULATOR – DEPENDENT FOR PHYSICAL ASSISTANCE
Patient requires manual contacts of not more than one person
during ambulation. Manual contacts are continuous and necessary
to support body weight
AMBULATORY - DEPENDENT FOR PHYSICAL ASSISTANCE
Patient requires manual contact of not more than one person during
ambulation.
manual contacts consists of continuous or intermittent light touch
for assistance.

4. AMBULATOR - DEPENDENT FOR SUPERVISION
Patient can physically ambulate on level surfaces
without manual contact with another person but
for safety requires stand by guarding
AMBULATORY - INDEPENDENT LEVEL
Patient can ambulate independently on level
surfaces but requires supervision
AMBULATORY – INDEPENDENT
Patient can ambulate independently on non level
surfaces, stairs and inclines.

5. PURPOSES OF AMBULATORY CARE
To promote life long health habits
To promote and practice preventive
medicine
Treat those physical and mental illnesses
that do not require hospitalization
Provide treatment for acute illnesses and
injuries
Guide patients to proper specialty care when
necessary
Assist in rehabilitative care or end-of-life

6. AMBULATORY CARE IN NURSING
Ambulatory care nursing includes,
Clinical
Management
Educational
Research activities
Provided by registered nurse for individuals
who seeks care and assistance with health
maintenance and or health promotion

7. AMBULATORY HEALTH CARE SETTINGS
Medical clinics
Ambulatory care centers
Cardiac rehabilitation centers
Hospital emergency
Student health centre

8. ROLE OF NURSE IN AMBULATORY CARE
Providing direct patient care
Teaching patients self care activities
Conducting patients intake screenings
Treating patients with acute or chronic illnesses or emergency
conditions
Referring patients to other agencies for additional services
Offering health education programmes that promote health
maintenance
Nurses also works as clinical managers, direct the operation of
clinics and supervise other health team members
Providing advice and emotional support to patients family
members.

9. RESEARCH IN AMBULATORY CARE NURSING
Research in ambulatory care is needed for
many reasons,
To help to develop new models of nursing
care delivery
To develop standards of client care
To create both performance improvement
programmes and nursing intensity systems to
determine the number and types of nursing
personals needed

10. ACUTE CARE
DEFINITION
An acute care is a health care facility that offers
patient care services of a limited duration to diagnose
and or treat an injury or short term illness. services
include medical and surgical inpatient services and
outpatient diagnostic services
Acute care describes a level of healthcare wherein a
patient needs immediate yet brief treatment. This
treatment could be in response to a severe episode
related to a chronic condition, trauma, or during
recovery from surgery

11. PERSONAL DEPARTMENTS OF ACUTE HEALTH CARE
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
Medical staffs from various departments
Physicians
Nursing services
Pharmacy services
Pharmacists and technicians
Rehabilitation services
Physical therapists
Occupational therapists

12. SUPPORT SERVICES
Administration
Biomedical engineering department
Business departments
Dietary department
Laboratory
Environmental services
Volunteer services
Medical records

13. AREAS WHERE ACUTE HEALTH CARE IS DONE
Emergency care
Trauma care
Critical care
Neonatal and pediatric intensive care
Rehabilitative care
Psychiatric care

14. ACUTE CARE SETTINGS SERVE A VARIETY OF PATIENTS
Patients seen in acute care settings have a
diverse range of medical issues. so, they need
a group of clinicians that have a variety of skills
and typically need many different types of
equipment more so in an acute care hospital
than an acute care clinic.

15. ROLE OF NURSE IN ACUTE CARE
Provider of direct care
Researcher
Educator
Manager
to deliver the necessary care that patient
requires.

16. CRITICAL CARE
DEFINITION
Critical care is the care of patient who are extremely ill
and whose clinical condition is unstable or potentially
unstable.
critically ill patients are defined as those patients who
are at high risk for life threatening health problems and
illnesses. It usually takes place in an intensive care unit
(ICU). A team of specially-trained health care providers
gives you 24-hour care. This includes using machines
to constantly monitor your vital signs it also usually
involves giving you specialized treatments.

17. WHO NEEDS CRITICAL CARE
You need critical care if you have a life-threatening illness or injury,
such as:
Severe burns
Myocardial infarction
Congestive Heart failure
Renal failure
People recovering from certain major surgeries
Respiratory failure
Sepsis
Severe bleeding
Serious infections
Serious injuries, such as from car crashes, falls, and shootings
Shock
Stroke

18. WHAT HAPPENS IN A CRITICAL CARE UNIT?
in a critical care unit, health care providers use lots of different
equipment, including:
• Catheters, flexible tubes used to get fluids into the body or to
drain fluids from the body
• Dialysis machines (artificial kidneys) for people with kidney failure
• Feeding tubes, which give you nutritional support
• Intravenous (iv) tubes to give you fluids and medicines
• Cardiac monitor which check your vital signs and display them on
monitors
• Oxygen therapy to give you extra oxygen to breathe in
• Tracheostomy tubes
• Ventilators (breathing machines), which move air in and out of
your lungs. this is for people who have respiratory failure.

19. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS IN CRITICAL CARE
• Infectious hazards
• Musculoskeletal injuries
• Chemical hazards
• Radiation hazards
• Noise

20. VITAL SKILLS NEEDED FOR ICU NURSES
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
The most important communication skills for nurses working in the
ICU include,
Active listening
Non- verbal communication
Written communication
Oral communication

21. INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
Nurses must have strong interpersonal skills to handle
patient-related tasks and communicate effectively with
others. common interpersonal skills needed by nurses
include patience, listening skills and stress management.
DECISION MAKING SKILLS
Strong decision making skills allow ICU nurses to be
better leaders and managers. Some ICU nurses are
responsible for overseeing the nursing staff in the unit
and must make decisions in complex, challenging and
uncertain environments

22. PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS
Good problem solving skills that ICU Nurses should
possess include
Research skills
Creativity
Team-building skills
Analysis
Active listening skills
Dependability
OBSERVATION SKILLS
Observation skills are skills that allow individuals to
monitor their environment and come to conclusions
based on observations

23. ASSESSMENT SKILLS
Common type of assessments nurses perform
include:
Vital signs
Temperature, pulse, respiration, Blood pressure….
Assessing pain levels and also pain signals in
people who cannot communicate their pain
Collecting specimens
Intake and output
Analyzing patient respond to treatment…

24. CLINICAL SKILLS
Examples of critical care clinical skills needed by ICU
nurses include
Central line insertion
Arrhythmia analysis
Intra aortic balloon pumps etc..
CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
ICU nurses use critical thinking skills in their everyday
work settings to evaluate, analyze and synthesize
information related to patient status and needs. they
must use this information to create effective plans of
action. critical thinking skills are especially important
in situations where there are no clear answers or
solutions to a situation.

25. ROLE OF NURSE
Help the patient obtain necessary care
Monitor and safe guard the quality of care the patient receives
Respect the values, beliefs and rights of the patient
Support the decisions of the patient or designated surrogate, or
transfer care to an equally qualified critical care nurse.
Intercede for patients who cannot speak for themselves in
situations that require
immediate action
Act as a liaison between the patient, the patients family and other
healthcare
professionals
The critical care nurse is responsible for the identification,
intervention and

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