The document discusses the use of minerals, particularly clays, in the textile industry. Clays have properties that make them useful for applications like thickening agents, absorbing oils and dirt, and stabilizing hydrogen peroxide bleaches. One new application is a clay-based product called Altranol-GEO, which can be used for discontinuous bleaching of cotton with hydrogen peroxide. Altranol-GEO provides hydrogen peroxide stabilization, good wetting of fabric, lubrication, and is environmentally friendly. Test results showed it reduced BOD and COD levels in wash effluent and provided softer fabric handles compared to standard bleach processes.

2. Minerals The most widely known mineral in the textile industry is sodium silicate as a mineral stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide bleaching L.N.’s challenge: look for other minerals with the good properties of sodium silicate and with success!! Clay minerals have been selected on the specific characteristics and formulated in new auxiliaries for the textile industry

3. A selection of high quality minerals for excellent results In hydrogen peroxide bleaching, both continuously and discontinuously In continuous desizing of synthetics In post scouring reactive dyed and printed cellulosics

4. Amongst the big number of minerals, clays have very useful characteristics for textile applications Some clay-classifications: Kaolin (Aluminium: “China clay”) Semectite (Aluminium + Magnesium) Hormite (more Iron) Some exceptional properties of clay: Thickening agents in paints Oil and dirt absorber Absorber of inks in e.g. paper industry Stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide bleaches Softening agents in household products CLAYS

5. CLAYS

6. All these classes (and many sub-classes) have different characteristics Because of this different special industrial applications e.g. paper coating In the past clays were used by Indian and Egyptian women to clean and smoothen their faces and to shampoo their hair. Clay masks and still popular! The clay structure is based on sheets By separating these sheets e.g. by stirring, a very big surface is created This surface (till 800 M 2 per gram) makes it possible to absorb all kind of components like dirt, oil, greases etc. This gives an unique detergency effect CLAYS

7. CLAYS

8. CLAYS Clay mainly consists of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 Other ions may be present Mg, Ca, Fe, Li, Mn,….. Some clays can stabilize H 2 O 2 bleaches

9. One of the new applications for clays is as a one-shot product for the discontinuous bleaching applications It is based on this mineral technology A clay based multifunctional auxiliary for the discontinuous bleaching of cotton with hydrogen peroxide on jets, winches and overflows Prescouring of PES/EL and PA/EL Alternative for the ecologically unfriendly hypochlorite bleach ALTRANOL-GEO

11. Excellent hydrogen peroxide stabilizer Unique wash performance Good wetting out of the fabric Excellent lubrification properties Low foaming; no defoamer required Ecologically very friendly Gives fabric a smooth handle ALTRANOL-GEO

12. Why Should One Use Altranol GEO Altranol GEO allows almost 35% reduction in the BOD & COD levels in the wash effluent Altranol GEO further reduces the COD/BOD levels by eliminating/reducing the need for additional auxiliaries in treatment baths i.e. wetting agents, chelating agents, surfactants, lubricants & defoamers. The effluent of treated textiles is easily & readily treated by flocculating, precipitating or filtering the natural clays & its adsorbed /precipitated contaminants, which are removed by any standard separation technique like filtering etc. The resultant effluent is significantly more environmentally acceptable than current effluents containing organic components & inorganic contaminants.

13. Why Should One Use Altranol GEO Altranol GEO, besides reducing pollution due to lower BOD & COD levels, also results in lower volatile organic chemicals(VOC’s) Altranol GEO is an outstanding lubricating agent providing a softer hand for treated textile goods Altranol GEO is non-foaming & extremely effective in removing processing oils & excess auxiliaries & other impurities from the substrates. Treated substrates are cleaner which improves dyeability & dye penetration resulting in increased colour yields of 10~30% Altranol GEO is suitable for processing all textile materials i.e. all fibres, filament, yarns, fabric & all products made from them. They include textured & non textured filaments & yarns, woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics.

14. Bleach for dyeing indication recipe: 95-98ºC during 20-30 minutes: 1-2 ml/l Altranol-GEO 2-3 g/l Caustic flakes 2-5 ml/l Hydrogen peroxide 35% Neutralize peroxide with Quench-PN ALTRANOL-GEO

15. Bleach for whites indication recipe: 1-3 ml/l Altranol-GEO 2-3, 5g/l Caustic flakes 6-10 ml/l Hydrogen peroxide 35% X % Optical brightening agent 95-110ºC during 90-30 minutes ALTRANOL-GEO

16. Some practical results: Cotton on winches 95ºC – 60 mins; Customer’s standard: LNCI Basic white : 84 85 Total white : 155 158 S-factor : 0.36 0.32 ALTRANOL-GEO

17. Practical results continued: Knitted Cotton/EL on Thie  jet Customer’s standard: LNCI Basic white : 72 77 Total white : 144 156 S-factor : 0.2 0.1 ALTRANOL-GEO

18. Other experiences: Jig bleaching applications Bleaching of Cotton on X-cones Discontinuous bleaching of Linen Prescour PA/EL Prescour PES/EL Etc………….. ALTRANOL-GEO