Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/application-of-the-cutting-stock-problem-to-a-construction-company-a-case-study/
This paper presents an application of the well-known cutting stock problem to a construction firm. The goal of the 1Dimensional (1D) cutting stock problem is to cut the bars of desired lengths in required quantities from longer bars of given length. The company for which we carried out this study encounters 1D cutting stock problem in cutting steel bars (reinforcement bars) for its construction projects. We have developed several solution approaches to solving the company’s problem: Building and solving an integer programming (IP) model in a modeling environment, developing our own software that uses a mixed integer programming (MIP) software library, and testing some of the commercial software packages available on the internet. In this paper, we summarize our experiences with all the three approaches. We also present a benchmark of existing commercial software packages, and some critical insights. Finally, we suggest a visual approach for increasing performance in solving the cutting stock problem and demonstrate the applicability of this approach using the company’s data on two construction projects.
IRJET- Finite Element Analysis of Castellated BeamIRJET Journal
The document presents a finite element analysis of castellated beams. Castellated beams are steel beams that have web openings cut into them, which allows for increased strength and reduced cost compared to solid beams. The study uses ANSYS software to analyze single and double web castellated beams under uniform loads. It examines beams with varying depths, spans, and cross-sections. The analysis found that double web castellated beams with staggered hexagonal openings experienced less deflection and higher load capacity than single web beams. Experimental testing on fabricated beams was also conducted to validate the finite element analysis results.
Towards smart and sustainable machiningLiu PeiLing
Computer Numeric Control (CNC) revolutionized the machining technology and has been the cutting edge of digital manufacturing since 1950s. CNC machining model, simulation, verification, and optimization have been a vivid research topic of Smart Machining that automated the CNC programming (CAM) and cutting process, hence greatly increased machining productivity since 1990s. This paper traces back the history of CNC simulation, analysis the different CNC machining models, tested with application examples, and listed different CNC verification industry applications for the last 20 years. The new challenge comes from sustainable manufacturing. Towards smart and competitive sustainable machining, CNC model and simulation will be used to optimize the machining process, where the raw material could be saved through First Part Correct technology, the energy could be saved through cutting speed optimization, and used parts could be saved by remanufacturing.
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1. The document presents an analysis of optimizing the cost of reinforced concrete chimneys through the use of interior point methods in MATLAB.
2. The objective is to minimize total construction cost subject to constraints related to stresses, reinforcement percentages, and bearing capacity. Design variables include segment thicknesses, vertical and horizontal reinforcement amounts.
3. The optimization was run for a 66m chim
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJE...IJERD Editor
This document describes the design optimization of a tipper truck body. Three existing tipper truck body models were modeled and analyzed using finite element analysis software. The analyses found the maximum equivalent stress and total deformation for each model. An optimized model was then developed with reduced weight and stress compared to the original models. The optimized model had a mass of 413.04kg, maximum equivalent stress of 166.01MPa, and maximum deformation of 16.215mm, representing improvements over the original designs. The analyses demonstrated the ability to optimize truck body design for reduced weight and stress.
IRJET- Experimental and Analytical Performance of Composite Laminated Timber ...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of composite laminated timber beams reinforced with cold formed steel sections through experimental testing and analytical modeling. Experimental bending tests were conducted on laminated rubber wood beams reinforced with a cold formed Z-section steel profile. Analytical models of the composite beams were also created in ANSYS software to analyze different steel section shapes. The results showed that reinforcing the laminated timber beams significantly increased their load bearing capacities compared to unreinforced beams. Composite beams using double C and hat steel sections performed best, with double C sections showing the highest load capacity and lowest deflection.
Study of elastic properties of RC beam under Static LoadIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used finite element analysis to determine the modulus of elasticity of reinforced concrete beams with varying parameters such as grade of concrete, percentage of steel reinforcement, and spacing of shear stirrups. Finite element models of reinforced concrete beams were created in ANSYS with different concrete grades (M20, M25, M30) and percentages of steel reinforcement (0.34% to 0.74%). The models were analyzed under static loads to determine properties like cracking load and deflection. Load-deflection curves showed that beams with reinforcement had higher elastic limits and failure loads compared to plain concrete beams.
This document provides an introduction and overview to exercises related to selecting materials, processes, and shapes. It is organized into nine sections that cover topics like devising concepts, using material selection charts, translating constraints and objectives, deriving and using material indices, selecting processes, and more. The exercises are designed to help readers practice skills for selecting materials and developing hybrid materials to meet design requirements. They range from very easy to more complex, requiring clear thinking about constraints, objectives, and tradeoffs rather than complex math. The document encourages exploring alternative solutions and using provided charts and software to find potential material candidates with supporting rationales.
IRJET- Finite Element Analysis of Castellated BeamIRJET Journal
The document presents a finite element analysis of castellated beams. Castellated beams are steel beams that have web openings cut into them, which allows for increased strength and reduced cost compared to solid beams. The study uses ANSYS software to analyze single and double web castellated beams under uniform loads. It examines beams with varying depths, spans, and cross-sections. The analysis found that double web castellated beams with staggered hexagonal openings experienced less deflection and higher load capacity than single web beams. Experimental testing on fabricated beams was also conducted to validate the finite element analysis results.
Towards smart and sustainable machiningLiu PeiLing
Computer Numeric Control (CNC) revolutionized the machining technology and has been the cutting edge of digital manufacturing since 1950s. CNC machining model, simulation, verification, and optimization have been a vivid research topic of Smart Machining that automated the CNC programming (CAM) and cutting process, hence greatly increased machining productivity since 1990s. This paper traces back the history of CNC simulation, analysis the different CNC machining models, tested with application examples, and listed different CNC verification industry applications for the last 20 years. The new challenge comes from sustainable manufacturing. Towards smart and competitive sustainable machining, CNC model and simulation will be used to optimize the machining process, where the raw material could be saved through First Part Correct technology, the energy could be saved through cutting speed optimization, and used parts could be saved by remanufacturing.
h
m
Seg-
ment
Segment
Length
m
X1
mm
X2
mm2
Total
X2
mm2
X3
mm2
Weighted
Avg.
Thickness
mm
Volume of
concrete
m3
1. The document presents an analysis of optimizing the cost of reinforced concrete chimneys through the use of interior point methods in MATLAB.
2. The objective is to minimize total construction cost subject to constraints related to stresses, reinforcement percentages, and bearing capacity. Design variables include segment thicknesses, vertical and horizontal reinforcement amounts.
3. The optimization was run for a 66m chim
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJE...IJERD Editor
This document describes the design optimization of a tipper truck body. Three existing tipper truck body models were modeled and analyzed using finite element analysis software. The analyses found the maximum equivalent stress and total deformation for each model. An optimized model was then developed with reduced weight and stress compared to the original models. The optimized model had a mass of 413.04kg, maximum equivalent stress of 166.01MPa, and maximum deformation of 16.215mm, representing improvements over the original designs. The analyses demonstrated the ability to optimize truck body design for reduced weight and stress.
IRJET- Experimental and Analytical Performance of Composite Laminated Timber ...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of composite laminated timber beams reinforced with cold formed steel sections through experimental testing and analytical modeling. Experimental bending tests were conducted on laminated rubber wood beams reinforced with a cold formed Z-section steel profile. Analytical models of the composite beams were also created in ANSYS software to analyze different steel section shapes. The results showed that reinforcing the laminated timber beams significantly increased their load bearing capacities compared to unreinforced beams. Composite beams using double C and hat steel sections performed best, with double C sections showing the highest load capacity and lowest deflection.
Study of elastic properties of RC beam under Static LoadIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used finite element analysis to determine the modulus of elasticity of reinforced concrete beams with varying parameters such as grade of concrete, percentage of steel reinforcement, and spacing of shear stirrups. Finite element models of reinforced concrete beams were created in ANSYS with different concrete grades (M20, M25, M30) and percentages of steel reinforcement (0.34% to 0.74%). The models were analyzed under static loads to determine properties like cracking load and deflection. Load-deflection curves showed that beams with reinforcement had higher elastic limits and failure loads compared to plain concrete beams.
This document provides an introduction and overview to exercises related to selecting materials, processes, and shapes. It is organized into nine sections that cover topics like devising concepts, using material selection charts, translating constraints and objectives, deriving and using material indices, selecting processes, and more. The exercises are designed to help readers practice skills for selecting materials and developing hybrid materials to meet design requirements. They range from very easy to more complex, requiring clear thinking about constraints, objectives, and tradeoffs rather than complex math. The document encourages exploring alternative solutions and using provided charts and software to find potential material candidates with supporting rationales.
The document describes 5 different engineering design problems involving the selection of materials based on mechanical properties and performance criteria. For each problem, the document defines the design objective, relevant equations, and derives a materials performance index to determine the optimal material selection region on a log-log materials property chart. The optimal materials are identified for several example performance criteria and are highlighted on the provided charts.
Design of automobile front bumper for collision energy AttenuationIRJET Journal
This document presents research on designing an automobile front bumper to better attenuate collision energy. The study aims to reduce passenger and vehicle body damage from collisions. Three materials - ABS plastic, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and glass fiber reinforced plastic - were modeled and analyzed using CATIA and ANSYS software. Dynamic impact simulations were performed with the bumper striking a fixed support at 10 m/s. Von Mises stress and deformation results from ANSYS were highest for carbon fiber, followed by glass fiber and ABS plastic. A mathematical model was also developed to calculate impact stress, and results closely matched those from ANSYS simulations. In conclusion, composite materials showed better energy absorption during impact testing compared to ABS plastic.
The document investigates the thermal behavior of symmetric and asymmetric polymer gear teeth using finite element analysis in ANSYS. Symmetric and asymmetric gear tooth profiles were modeled and subjected to thermal loads from 50-125°C. The displacement and contact line deviation of the gear tooth profiles were analyzed. Results showed the displacement and contact line deviation increased with temperature and were higher for symmetric gear teeth profiles compared to asymmetric due to the asymmetric profile's larger surface area and lower thermal expansion. The study provides a new approach for designing polymer composite gears by considering the gear teeth's thermal behavior.
IRJET- Strengthening of Partially Damaged Deficient RC Beam with Externally B...IRJET Journal
1) The document presents a numerical study on strengthening partially damaged reinforced concrete beams against shear failure through external bonding of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites.
2) Finite element models of control beams and shear deficient beams were created in ANSYS to simulate their behavior. Shear deficient beams were strengthened using different BFRP wrapping configurations.
3) The results showed that all BFRP wrapping arrangements improved the strength and stiffness of the beams significantly compared to the shear deficient beam without strengthening.
Abstract: This Project presents the Design of Machining Fixture for Support Bracket for Machining on VTC (Vertical Turning Centre). Fixture Design consists of High product rate, low manufacturing operation cost. The fixture should be designed in such-a-way that part/product change overtime is very less. The report consists of study of input data from customers like Part drawing and Assembly drawing. The fixture design begins with part modeling, Machining and Analysis of various parts in the fixture assembly using AutoCAD and Solid works, for a analysis ANSYS Software package is used. The actual design begins with study details of project proposal summary from customer. After that machining fixture concept is done. Locating and clamping points are decided. This also includes accessibility, loading and unloading sequence of parts, required material for this fixture is selected, and Fixture is designed at HMT MACHINE TOOL, KALAMASSERY using Industrial application standards. Locating accuracy and machined part quality tested and found that the fixture is as good as any dedicated fixture in production.
Design analysis of bumper beam subjected to offset impact loading for automot...IAEME Publication
This document discusses the design analysis of bumper beams subjected to offset impact loading for automotive applications. It aims to increase understanding of phenomena during offset impacts and validate modeling of bumper beam crash performance. Finite element analysis was conducted in ANSYS-LS DYNA to simulate impact on bumper beam-longitudinal systems made of different aluminum alloys (AA6060-T1, AA7003-T1, AA7003-T79). The results showed AA7003-T79 experienced the least deformation and minimized energy transfer, suggesting it is the best material for manufacturing bumper beam longitudinal systems.
IRJET- Optimization Design and CFD Thermal Analysis of the 72/48 Switched Rel...IRJET Journal
This document describes the optimization design and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) thermal analysis of a 72/48 switched reluctance motor (SRM) for a mining application. A multi-objective optimization framework is proposed using surrogate modeling to reduce computational time. Key steps include design of experiments to collect data, sensitivity analysis to reduce design variables, constructing Kriging surrogate models, and using particle swarm optimization on the models. Thermal analysis using CFD is also performed to evaluate different water jacket configurations and reduce motor temperatures. The optimization results are validated using finite element analysis and show the 72/48 SRM is suitable for high-torque low-speed direct-drive in mining.
This document presents a case study of a retail company's implementation of a business intelligence project. It discusses how the company developed an effective business intelligence strategy that aligned intelligence outcomes with its information needs. The strategy used guiding principles and drew data from the company's ERP system. The case study provides insights for both researchers and practitioners on important factors for achieving effective business intelligence implementation.
The Swiss Center for Strategic Studies, Lucerne, SCSSHossam El-Shazly
The Swiss Center for Strategic Studies is an international scholarly research center focuses on research activities, knowledge transfer and conflict studies in the fields of political sciences, strategic planning and change management, and acts as an innovation hub that aims at the dissemination of peace and prosperity around the globe.
Nike began in 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports, founded by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight to create a better running shoe. After unveiling innovative waffle sole shoes at the 1972 Olympics, the company took off and changed its name to Nike. Its vision is to develop products that help athletes reach their potential, and its mission is to inspire athletes worldwide. Nike has grown significantly through endorsements of star athletes and focusing on innovation. It aims to increase market share in the short term and achieve $36 billion in revenue by 2017 in the long term. Nike faces strong competition but maintains financial strengths such as high profit margins and returns on assets compared to industry averages.
STMC is a machinery components manufacturer that supplies parts for textile machines. The document provides a situational analysis of STMC and recommendations for marketing strategies. It discusses doing a SWOT analysis, focusing on customers, differentiating from low-cost rivals through quality and service, competing against the major competitor TMMC through differentiation and customer satisfaction, and implementing pricing strategies like premium pricing, price skimming, and penetration pricing. The goal is for STMC to double its sales through strategic marketing.
This document provides information about the launch of Sony's Walkman Tablet. It begins with background on Sony and the history of portable music players they developed leading up to the Walkman in 1978. It then discusses the Walkman's development and inventor Nobutoshi Kihara. The document outlines key features of the Walkman Tablet including its design, display, cameras, and specifications. It details Sony's marketing strategy for the product focused on quality, reliability, usability and targeting both professionals and young customers. The marketing plan discusses promotion, advertising and placement.
Consumers’ Behaviour on Sony Xperia: A Case Study on Bangladeshiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The alignment of e commerce strategies with corporate strategy a case studyHamideh Iraj
The Alignment of E-Commerce Strategies with Corporate Strategy: A case study
Abstract:
In this paper, we studied six international companies and investigated their strategies and how it supports corporate strategy. Corporate strategy is articulated according to Porter's generic strategies that are commonly used by businesses to achieve and maintain competitive advantage including Cost Leadership, Differentiation and Focus. Walmart, Apple and Southwest Airlines were selected to stand for aforementioned strategies respectively. In the second section we discussed about innovation, growth and alliance strategies. Amazon, SAS and Star Alliance were selected for aforementioned strategies respectively.
1. Expedia grew its presence in the Asia-Pacific region through targeted email marketing campaigns. They distributed weekly customized emails targeting unique geographies with region-specific offers and monitored customer interactions to improve targeting.
2. Starbucks has been highly successful with social media marketing. They engage customers through blogs, videos, and social media responses. Their social media strategy focuses on customer experience and charitable causes.
3. Online travel company Expedia and marketing firm e-Dialog partnered on targeted email campaigns to increase revenue in Asia-Pacific. They sent customized emails based on customer profiles and behaviors to improve targeting and sales.
This document contains a case study on Merton Truck Company that analyzes different production scenarios to optimize profit. It examines changing the production mix of models 101 and 102, increasing engine assembly capacity, introducing a new model 103, outsourcing additional capacity, and altering the production ratio of models 101 and 102. For each scenario, it calculates production units, contribution, machine hour requirements and constraints, costs, and profitability. The objective is to determine the best ways to increase Merton Truck's total contribution and profit.
Implementing Software Metrics at a Telecommunications Company -- A Case Studydheimann5
The document summarizes a case study of implementing a formal metrics program at a telecommunications company called Telogics to track the development of a new version of their major voicemail product. It describes how organizational changes and a poor delivery of the previous version motivated establishing the metrics program. The program involved collecting and reporting various metrics on quality, functionality, time, and cost. Reports went to managers overseeing development and testing. The program helped improve predictability and quality of the new product version, though organizational shifts later challenged maintaining the gains.
This document is a case study submission for The Coca-Cola Company (A) that analyzes the company's financial reporting and relationships with its bottling partners. It addresses questions about how various transactions between Coca-Cola and its bottlers are accounted for, how consolidation would affect accounting, and whether consolidation should occur. The submission finds that consolidation is not necessary and separate analysis provides more accurate understanding of each entity's performance and risk.
This document summarizes a case study about an apparel factory group in Thailand called Indy Fashion Group that was facing challenges due to rising costs and decided to relocate one of its factories to Laos. The case study discusses IFG's strategic dilemma and decision-making process in choosing between relocation locations in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. It describes how IFG ultimately selected Laos due to its similarities to Thailand in language and culture, availability of resources, and political stability. However, IFG then faced new problems recruiting workers due to interference from other factories, which it overcame by developing direct community relationships and partnerships with universities in Laos.
The document describes 5 different engineering design problems involving the selection of materials based on mechanical properties and performance criteria. For each problem, the document defines the design objective, relevant equations, and derives a materials performance index to determine the optimal material selection region on a log-log materials property chart. The optimal materials are identified for several example performance criteria and are highlighted on the provided charts.
Design of automobile front bumper for collision energy AttenuationIRJET Journal
This document presents research on designing an automobile front bumper to better attenuate collision energy. The study aims to reduce passenger and vehicle body damage from collisions. Three materials - ABS plastic, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and glass fiber reinforced plastic - were modeled and analyzed using CATIA and ANSYS software. Dynamic impact simulations were performed with the bumper striking a fixed support at 10 m/s. Von Mises stress and deformation results from ANSYS were highest for carbon fiber, followed by glass fiber and ABS plastic. A mathematical model was also developed to calculate impact stress, and results closely matched those from ANSYS simulations. In conclusion, composite materials showed better energy absorption during impact testing compared to ABS plastic.
The document investigates the thermal behavior of symmetric and asymmetric polymer gear teeth using finite element analysis in ANSYS. Symmetric and asymmetric gear tooth profiles were modeled and subjected to thermal loads from 50-125°C. The displacement and contact line deviation of the gear tooth profiles were analyzed. Results showed the displacement and contact line deviation increased with temperature and were higher for symmetric gear teeth profiles compared to asymmetric due to the asymmetric profile's larger surface area and lower thermal expansion. The study provides a new approach for designing polymer composite gears by considering the gear teeth's thermal behavior.
IRJET- Strengthening of Partially Damaged Deficient RC Beam with Externally B...IRJET Journal
1) The document presents a numerical study on strengthening partially damaged reinforced concrete beams against shear failure through external bonding of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites.
2) Finite element models of control beams and shear deficient beams were created in ANSYS to simulate their behavior. Shear deficient beams were strengthened using different BFRP wrapping configurations.
3) The results showed that all BFRP wrapping arrangements improved the strength and stiffness of the beams significantly compared to the shear deficient beam without strengthening.
Abstract: This Project presents the Design of Machining Fixture for Support Bracket for Machining on VTC (Vertical Turning Centre). Fixture Design consists of High product rate, low manufacturing operation cost. The fixture should be designed in such-a-way that part/product change overtime is very less. The report consists of study of input data from customers like Part drawing and Assembly drawing. The fixture design begins with part modeling, Machining and Analysis of various parts in the fixture assembly using AutoCAD and Solid works, for a analysis ANSYS Software package is used. The actual design begins with study details of project proposal summary from customer. After that machining fixture concept is done. Locating and clamping points are decided. This also includes accessibility, loading and unloading sequence of parts, required material for this fixture is selected, and Fixture is designed at HMT MACHINE TOOL, KALAMASSERY using Industrial application standards. Locating accuracy and machined part quality tested and found that the fixture is as good as any dedicated fixture in production.
Design analysis of bumper beam subjected to offset impact loading for automot...IAEME Publication
This document discusses the design analysis of bumper beams subjected to offset impact loading for automotive applications. It aims to increase understanding of phenomena during offset impacts and validate modeling of bumper beam crash performance. Finite element analysis was conducted in ANSYS-LS DYNA to simulate impact on bumper beam-longitudinal systems made of different aluminum alloys (AA6060-T1, AA7003-T1, AA7003-T79). The results showed AA7003-T79 experienced the least deformation and minimized energy transfer, suggesting it is the best material for manufacturing bumper beam longitudinal systems.
IRJET- Optimization Design and CFD Thermal Analysis of the 72/48 Switched Rel...IRJET Journal
This document describes the optimization design and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) thermal analysis of a 72/48 switched reluctance motor (SRM) for a mining application. A multi-objective optimization framework is proposed using surrogate modeling to reduce computational time. Key steps include design of experiments to collect data, sensitivity analysis to reduce design variables, constructing Kriging surrogate models, and using particle swarm optimization on the models. Thermal analysis using CFD is also performed to evaluate different water jacket configurations and reduce motor temperatures. The optimization results are validated using finite element analysis and show the 72/48 SRM is suitable for high-torque low-speed direct-drive in mining.
This document presents a case study of a retail company's implementation of a business intelligence project. It discusses how the company developed an effective business intelligence strategy that aligned intelligence outcomes with its information needs. The strategy used guiding principles and drew data from the company's ERP system. The case study provides insights for both researchers and practitioners on important factors for achieving effective business intelligence implementation.
The Swiss Center for Strategic Studies, Lucerne, SCSSHossam El-Shazly
The Swiss Center for Strategic Studies is an international scholarly research center focuses on research activities, knowledge transfer and conflict studies in the fields of political sciences, strategic planning and change management, and acts as an innovation hub that aims at the dissemination of peace and prosperity around the globe.
Nike began in 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports, founded by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight to create a better running shoe. After unveiling innovative waffle sole shoes at the 1972 Olympics, the company took off and changed its name to Nike. Its vision is to develop products that help athletes reach their potential, and its mission is to inspire athletes worldwide. Nike has grown significantly through endorsements of star athletes and focusing on innovation. It aims to increase market share in the short term and achieve $36 billion in revenue by 2017 in the long term. Nike faces strong competition but maintains financial strengths such as high profit margins and returns on assets compared to industry averages.
STMC is a machinery components manufacturer that supplies parts for textile machines. The document provides a situational analysis of STMC and recommendations for marketing strategies. It discusses doing a SWOT analysis, focusing on customers, differentiating from low-cost rivals through quality and service, competing against the major competitor TMMC through differentiation and customer satisfaction, and implementing pricing strategies like premium pricing, price skimming, and penetration pricing. The goal is for STMC to double its sales through strategic marketing.
This document provides information about the launch of Sony's Walkman Tablet. It begins with background on Sony and the history of portable music players they developed leading up to the Walkman in 1978. It then discusses the Walkman's development and inventor Nobutoshi Kihara. The document outlines key features of the Walkman Tablet including its design, display, cameras, and specifications. It details Sony's marketing strategy for the product focused on quality, reliability, usability and targeting both professionals and young customers. The marketing plan discusses promotion, advertising and placement.
Consumers’ Behaviour on Sony Xperia: A Case Study on Bangladeshiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The alignment of e commerce strategies with corporate strategy a case studyHamideh Iraj
The Alignment of E-Commerce Strategies with Corporate Strategy: A case study
Abstract:
In this paper, we studied six international companies and investigated their strategies and how it supports corporate strategy. Corporate strategy is articulated according to Porter's generic strategies that are commonly used by businesses to achieve and maintain competitive advantage including Cost Leadership, Differentiation and Focus. Walmart, Apple and Southwest Airlines were selected to stand for aforementioned strategies respectively. In the second section we discussed about innovation, growth and alliance strategies. Amazon, SAS and Star Alliance were selected for aforementioned strategies respectively.
1. Expedia grew its presence in the Asia-Pacific region through targeted email marketing campaigns. They distributed weekly customized emails targeting unique geographies with region-specific offers and monitored customer interactions to improve targeting.
2. Starbucks has been highly successful with social media marketing. They engage customers through blogs, videos, and social media responses. Their social media strategy focuses on customer experience and charitable causes.
3. Online travel company Expedia and marketing firm e-Dialog partnered on targeted email campaigns to increase revenue in Asia-Pacific. They sent customized emails based on customer profiles and behaviors to improve targeting and sales.
This document contains a case study on Merton Truck Company that analyzes different production scenarios to optimize profit. It examines changing the production mix of models 101 and 102, increasing engine assembly capacity, introducing a new model 103, outsourcing additional capacity, and altering the production ratio of models 101 and 102. For each scenario, it calculates production units, contribution, machine hour requirements and constraints, costs, and profitability. The objective is to determine the best ways to increase Merton Truck's total contribution and profit.
Implementing Software Metrics at a Telecommunications Company -- A Case Studydheimann5
The document summarizes a case study of implementing a formal metrics program at a telecommunications company called Telogics to track the development of a new version of their major voicemail product. It describes how organizational changes and a poor delivery of the previous version motivated establishing the metrics program. The program involved collecting and reporting various metrics on quality, functionality, time, and cost. Reports went to managers overseeing development and testing. The program helped improve predictability and quality of the new product version, though organizational shifts later challenged maintaining the gains.
This document is a case study submission for The Coca-Cola Company (A) that analyzes the company's financial reporting and relationships with its bottling partners. It addresses questions about how various transactions between Coca-Cola and its bottlers are accounted for, how consolidation would affect accounting, and whether consolidation should occur. The submission finds that consolidation is not necessary and separate analysis provides more accurate understanding of each entity's performance and risk.
This document summarizes a case study about an apparel factory group in Thailand called Indy Fashion Group that was facing challenges due to rising costs and decided to relocate one of its factories to Laos. The case study discusses IFG's strategic dilemma and decision-making process in choosing between relocation locations in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. It describes how IFG ultimately selected Laos due to its similarities to Thailand in language and culture, availability of resources, and political stability. However, IFG then faced new problems recruiting workers due to interference from other factories, which it overcame by developing direct community relationships and partnerships with universities in Laos.
LC owns and operates Liquid Park, an aqua park featuring unique games like trampolines and towers. It aims to introduce trendy recreational concepts to hotels and resorts. Its marketing plan involves strengthening its offline presence through direct marketing, printed materials and events. Online, it will optimize its website for SEO and launch social media and email marketing campaigns to generate leads and boost awareness of Liquid Park among hotels in Egypt. The goal is to increase annual sales to 200,000 Euros through differentiating Liquid Park as a modular, mobile solution providing high quality entertainment.
Carrot or stick case study. Licensing strategy at Tessera. Carles DebartCarles Debart
Tessera develops microtechnologies used in consumer electronics. It licenses its innovations to manufacturers through "carrot licensing" rather than litigating as a "stick". Tessera faces challenges monetizing its new fanless cooling system as potential customers in China are more prone to avoid paying licenses. Porter's five forces analysis shows moderate buyer power and a weak appropriability regime threaten profits. Recommendations include that Tessera may need to change from licensing to integrating manufacturing to control technology and avoid copying that does not generate revenue.
Chase Vodka Design strategy - Case studyRupi Dosanjh
Chase Vodka Design strategy case study.
Looked into the evolution of the brand, used Ralf Beuker's 'The 5 Design Layers' model to conduct a design audit of the brand and its current packaging.
By analysing the physical product using the Layers categories of Aesthetics, Interaction, Perfomance, Construction and Meaning of the layers it was concluded that Chase positioned itself as a luxurious British Vodka without losing its focus of creating a fantastic vodka product.
The document discusses three alternatives for Moosehead Beer Company to enter the Quebec beer market: intensive distribution, exclusive distribution, and selective distribution. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each. The recommended solution is selective distribution, where Moosehead forms agreements with select distributors like depanneurs and nightclubs to maintain a classy image and develop brand awareness through a promotional campaign. This will allow Moosehead to control how consumers perceive their brand value in Quebec.
This document provides a case write-up for Nike that includes:
1. A short history of Nike's founding by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight.
2. Analysis of Nike's mission statement, objectives, strategies, and competitive positioning using tools like Porter's 5 Forces, SWOT analysis, and strategic frameworks.
3. Recommendations that Nike should continue its focus on innovation, brand strength, and staying ahead of trends to maintain success in the athletic footwear industry.
Strategic planning use cases | Meeting facilitation | SME StrategyAnthony C Taylor
Why do strategic planning? Here are some use cases from our business strategy and strategic planning facilitation clients. Some of the key questions that we were able to answer for teams and the results that they received,
Application of the cutting stock problem to a construction company: A case studyGurdal Ertek
This paper presents an application of the well-known cutting stock problem to a construction firm. The goal of the 1Dimensional (1D) cutting stock problem is to cut the bars of desired lengths in required quantities from longer bars of given
length. The company for which we carried out this study encounters 1D cutting stock problem in cutting steel bars (reinforcement bars) for its construction projects. We have developed several solution approaches to solving the company’s problem: Building and solving an integer programming (IP) model in a modeling environment, developing our own software that uses a mixed integer programming (MIP) software library, and testing some of the commercial software packages available on the internet. In this paper, we summarize our experiences with all the three approaches. We also present a benchmark of existing commercial software packages, and some critical insights. Finally, we suggest a visual approach for increasing performance in solving the cutting stock problem and demonstrate the applicability of this approach using the company’s data on two construction projects.
http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
Application of local search methods for solving a quadratic assignment proble...ertekg
Ertek, G., Aksu, B., Birbil, S. E., İkikat, M. C., Yıldırmaz, C. (2005). “Application of local search methods for solving a quadratic assignment problem: A case study”, Proceedings of Computers and Industrial Engineering Conference, 2005. Istanbul, Turkey.
Application of local search methods for solving a quadratic assignment proble...Gurdal Ertek
This paper discusses the design and application of local search methods to a real-life application at a steel cord manufacturing plant. The case study involves a layout problem that can be represented as a Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). Due to the nature of the manufacturing process, certain machinery need to be allocated in close proximity to each other. This issue is incorporated into the objective function through assigning high penalty costs to the unfavorable allocations. QAP belongs to one of the most difficult class of combinatorial optimization problems, and is not solvable to optimality as the number of facilities increases. We implement the well-known local
search methods, 2-opt, 3-opt and tabu search. We compare the solution performances of the methods to the results obtained from the NEOS server, which provides free access to many optimization solvers on the internet.
http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
Feasibility study on stereolithography apparatus sla and selective laser si...IAEME Publication
The document discusses a feasibility study comparing Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA) and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing technologies. Test specimens were designed and built using the Accura 60 material on an SLA system and the Duraform PA/Nylon material on an SLS system. The specimens were then subjected to mechanical tests including tension testing, compression testing, and hardness testing. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were also taken of fractured surfaces to examine the internal structures and causes of failure. The results of the experimentation were used to determine which material demonstrated better mechanical properties for the given applications.
This document discusses ArcelorMittal's use of numerical models for research and development. It introduces the Diabolo paradigm, which is a solution developed using ESI software to address some key issues with managing and sharing models. Specifically, the Diabolo paradigm creates a centralized model repository and toolbox to make models more reusable and easier to share across different users and geographic locations. It aims to support the full lifecycle of models and ease multi-domain simulations. Advanced use cases discussed include building physics simulation, optimization tools, and a statistical model toolbox.
Considerations on usage of Computer on Modules for Applications inside Emerge...Toradex
This document discusses considerations for using computer modules in emergency response vehicles. It describes a project where an Italian municipality needed a rugged, scalable computing platform for its emergency vehicles. A solution was developed using Diamond Systems' Eaglet carrier board coupled with Toradex Apalis computer-on-modules. This provided a flexible, long-life system that met the client's needs within budget. The modular design allows easy processor upgrades or replacements to extend the product lifetime.
The document discusses digital manufacturing tools including generative design, reverse engineering, additive manufacturing, and communicating design. For generative design, it describes goal seeking and optimization techniques, noting limitations include multi-objective optimization, complex constraints, and manufacturability. For reverse engineering, it summarizes common 3D file formats like STL, OBJ, FBX, and 3DS used to capture geometry and textures. For additive manufacturing, it discusses 3D printing processes. And for communicating design, it mentions file sharing platforms and virtual/augmented reality.
Constraint Programming - An Alternative Approach to Heuristics in SchedulingEray Cakici
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on using constraint programming (CP) as an alternative approach to heuristics for scheduling problems. It provides an overview of CP, how it works through constraint propagation and backtracking, and how scheduling problems can be modeled in CP. It then presents computational studies comparing CP to mixed integer programming (MIP) and heuristics on semiconductor wafer scheduling problems, flexible job shop scheduling with batching, and parallel batching machines with job release times, weights and sizes. The studies found that CP was able to find optimal solutions faster than MIP formulations and outperformed heuristics on many problem instances.
Application Of Local Search Methods For Solving A Quadratic Assignment Probl...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/application-of-local-search-methods-for-solving-a-quadratic-assignment-problem-a-case-study/
This paper discusses the design and application of local search methods to a real-life application at a steel cord manufacturing plant. The case study involves a layout problem that can be represented as a Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). Due to the nature of the manufacturing process, certain machinery need to be allocated in close proximity to each other. This issue is incorporated into the objective function through assigning high penalty costs to the unfavorable allocations. QAP belongs to one of the most difficult class of combinatorial optimization problems, and is not solvable to optimality as the number of facilities increases. We implement the well-known local search methods, 2-opt, 3-opt and tabu search. We compare the solution performances of the methods to the results obtained from the NEOS server, which provides free access to many optimization solvers on the internet.
Experimental Validation of 3-D Printed BoltsIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: 3-D printing, which is an automated production process with layer-by-layer control, has been gaining rapid development in recent years. 3-D printing is the process by which a 3-D digital design is converted into a component by depositing material using additive processing. Three dimensional (3D) printing offers versatile possibilities for adapting the structural parameters on engineering scaffolds. These three dimensional elements were produced from Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile butadiene Styrene (ABS)by means of fused deposition process. This work is initiated by designing a three dimensional model of an ISO standard bolt and creating a 3D printing of this model using PLA and ABS as material. Designing will be carried out using SOLIDWORKS. Later on the design is analysed on analysis software (ANSYS) for deformation, equivalent stress and shear stress. A prototype model of this bolt will be created using three dimensional printer. Shear test is performed using UTM on the bolts that are created using three dimensional printer. Each bolt material’s failure forces are noted down and shear stresses are calculated. The PLA and ABS bolts are compared with each other. They are also checked for safe limits by comparing them with their respective material properties.
Rapid prototyping uses layer-by-layer additive manufacturing techniques to quickly produce physical prototypes directly from 3D CAD models. It offers significant time and cost savings over traditional subtractive methods. The basic rapid prototyping process involves (1) creating a CAD model, (2) converting it to STL format, (3) slicing the digital model into thin layers, and (4) constructing the physical model layer-by-layer using materials like polymers, paper or powdered metals. This allows for the fabrication of objects with complex internal features.
Top 10 Supercomputers With Descriptive Information & AnalysisNomanSiddiqui41
Top 10 Supercomputers Report
What is Supercomputer?
A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS). Since 2017, there are supercomputers which can perform over 1017 FLOPS (a hundred quadrillion FLOPS, 100 petaFLOPS or 100 PFLOPS
Supercomputers play an important role in the field of computational science, and are used for a wide range of computationally intensive tasks in various fields, including quantum mechanics, weather forecasting, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecular modeling (computing the structures and properties of chemical compounds, biological macromolecules, polymers, and crystals), and physical simulations (such as simulations of the early moments of the universe, airplane and spacecraft aerodynamics, the detonation of nuclear weapons, and nuclear fusion). They have been essential in the field of cryptanalysis.
1. The Fugaku Supercomputer
Introduction:
Fugaku is a petascale supercomputer (while only at petascale for mainstream benchmark), at the Riken Center for Computational Science in Kobe, Japan. It started development in 2014 as the successor to the K computer, and started operating in 2021. Fugaku made its debut in 2020, and became the fastest supercomputer in the world in the June 2020 TOP500 list, as well as becoming the first ARM architecture-based computer to achieve this. In June 2020, it achieved 1.42 exaFLOPS (in HPL-AI benchmark making it the first ever supercomputer that achieved 1 exaFLOPS. As of November 2021, Fugaku is the fastest supercomputer in the world. It is named after an alternative name for Mount Fuji.
Block Diagram:
Functional Units:
Functional Units, Co-Design and System for the Supercomputer “Fugaku”
1. Performance estimation tool: This tool, taking Fujitsu FX100 (FX100 is the previous Fujitsu supercomputer) execution profile data as an input, enables the performance projection by a given set of architecture parameters. The performance projection is modeled according to the Fujitsu microarchitecture. This tool can also estimate the power consumption based on the architecture model.
2. Fujitsu in-house processor simulator: We used an extended FX100 SPARC instruction-set simulator and compiler, developed by Fujitsu, for preliminary studies in the initial phase, and an Armv8þSVE simulator and compiler afterward.
3. Gem5 simulator for the Post-K processor: The Post-K processor simulator3 based on an opensource system-level processor simulator, Gem5, was developed by RIKEN during the co-design for architecture verification and performance tuning. A fundamental problem is the scale of scientific applications that are expected to be run on Post-K. Even our target applications are thousands of lines of code and are written to use complex algorithms and data structures. Altho
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Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Automotive Seat Floor Mounting Br...IRJET Journal
This document discusses finite element analysis and optimization of an automotive seat floor mounting bracket during the metal forming process using LS-DYNA. It analyzes variables like blank holder force, friction coefficient, and die shoulder radius and their effects on formability. Defects occurring during forming are emphasized. The analysis uses LS-DYNA to simulate the deep drawing and stretching processes and optimize the process parameters to achieve defect-free forming. Material models, contact definitions, boundary conditions, and control cards are defined for the simulation. Orthogonal experimental design is used to optimize factors like blank holder force.
Rapid prototyping (RP) has emerged as a key enabling technology that can shorten product design and development time. This article discusses the role of RP in 'time compression' engineering and provides a brief description of three RP processes: stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modelling. The article also outlines different applications of RP technology in areas like functional models, patterns for investment casting, and medical/surgical models. Finally, it discusses future developments needed to further advance this field.
High End Solution for Advanced Civil Engineering ProjectsIJMER
Civil FEM performs the best customization of the well-known Finite Element Program ANSYS.
The combination of both programs, totally integrated, provides the Construction and Civil Engineering
fields with the possibility of applying high-end technology to a wide range of projects. Using the same
windows graphic user interface and sharing input data and results, makes it very easy for the user to
apply them for solving difficult Civil Engineering problems. The ability to generate finite element models
of any complex three-dimensional civil structure with non-linear behaviour and construction process
simulation means a new and efficient approach to run advanced analysis on PC’s.
CAD/CAM/CIM (18ME72) Module-5 Part-A as per VTU
Additive Manufacturing Systems: Basic principles of additive manufacturing, slicing CAD models for AM, advantages and limitations of AM technologies, Additive manufacturing processes: Photo polymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, Powder bed sintering techniques, sheet lamination, direct energy deposition techniques, applications of AM.
IRJET - Design Modification of Shovel in Five Tyne Cultivator using Finite El...IRJET Journal
This document describes a finite element analysis conducted in ANSYS Workbench to modify the design of a shovel used in a five-tyne cultivator. The existing shovel design, made of cast iron, was failing after one use. The researchers developed a 3D model of the shovel in Creo and then imported it into ANSYS for analysis. They applied a force of 4.06 kilonewtons to model operating conditions. The analysis found high stresses in the existing design. To address this, the researchers proposed replacing the cast iron with stronger AISI 4130 low-alloy steel to improve the shovel's strength and lifespan.
Finite Element Analysis of PVC window profile &aluminium window profile with ...IJERA Editor
Examine a thermal analysis .Numerous analogies exist between thermal and structuralanalysis for PVC window
profile &aluminium window profile with and without thermalbreak ,Finite Element Analysis, commonly called
FEA, is a method of numerical analysis. FEA isused for solving problems in many engineering disciplines such
as machine design,acoustics, electromagnetism, soil mechanics, fluid dynamics, and many others.
Inmathematical terms, FEA is a numerical technique used for solving field problemsdescribed by a set of partial
differential equations. In mechanical engineering, FEA iswidely used for solving structural, vibration, and
thermal problems. However, FEA is notthe only available tool of numerical analysis. Other numerical methods
include the FiniteDifference Method, the Boundary Element Method, and the Finite Volumes Method tomention
just a few. However, due to its versatility and numerical efficiency, FEA has cometo dominate the engineering
analysis software market, while other methods have beenrelegated to niche applications. When implemented
into modern commercial software,both FEA theory and numerical problem formulation become completely
transparent tousers.
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Rule-based expert systems for supporting university studentsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/rule-based-expert-systems-for-supporting-university-students/
There are more than 15 million college students in the US alone. Academic advising for courses and scholarships is typically performed by human advisors, bringing an immense managerial workload to faculty members, as well as other staff at universities. This paper reports and discusses the development of two educational expert systems at a private international university. The first expert system is a course advising system which recommends courses to undergraduate students. The second system suggests scholarships to undergraduate students based on their eligibility. While there have been reported systems for course advising, the literature does not seem to contain any references to expert systems for scholarship recommendation and eligibility checking. Therefore the scholarship recommender that we developed is first of its kind. Both systems have been implemented and tested using Oracle Policy Automation (OPA) software.
Optimizing the electric charge station network of EŞARJertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/optimizing-the-electric-charge-station-network-of-esarj/
In this study, we adopt the classic capacitated p-median location model for the solution of a network design problem, in the domain of electric charge station network design, for a leading company in Turkey. Our model encompasses the location preferences of the company managers as preference scores incorporated into the objective function. Our model also incorporates the capacity concerns of the managers through constraints on maximum number of districts and maximum population that can be served from a location. The model optimally selects the new station locations and the visualization of model results provides additional insights.
Competitiveness of Top 100 U.S. Universities: A Benchmark Study Using Data En...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/benchmark-study-using-data-envelopment-analysis/
This study presents a comprehensive benchmarking study of the top 100 U.S. Universities. The methodologies used to come up with insights into the domain are Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and information visualization. Various approaches to evaluating academic institutions have appeared in the literature, including a DEA literature dealing with the ranking of universities. Our study contributes to this literature by the extensive incorporation of information visualization and subsequently the discovery of new insights.
Industrial Benchmarking through Information Visualization and Data Envelopmen...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/industrial-benchmarking-through-information-visualization-and-data-envelopment-analysis-a-new-framework/
We present a benchmarking study on the companies in the Turkish food industry based on their financial data. Our aim is to develop a comprehensive benchmarking framework using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and information visualization. Besides DEA, a traditional tool for financial benchmarking based on financial ratios is also incorporated. The consistency/inconsistency between the two methodologies is investigated using information visualization tools. In addition, k-means clustering, a fundamental method from machine learning, is applied to understand the relationship between k-means clustering and DEA.
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/modelling-the-supply-chain-perception-gaps/
This study applies the research of perception gap analysis to supply chain integration and develops a generic model, the 3-Level Gaps Model, with the goal of contributing to harmonization and integration in the supply chain. The model suggests that significant perception gaps may exist among supply chain members with regards to the importance of different performance criteria. The concept of the model is conceived through an empirical and inductive approach, combining the research discipline of supply chain relationship and perception gap analysis. First hand data has been collected through a survey across a key buyer in the motor insurance industry and its eight suppliers. Rigorous statistical analysis testified the research hypotheses, which in turn verified the validity and relevance of the developed 3-Level Gaps Model. The research reveals the significant existence of supply chain perception gaps at all three levels as defined, which could be the root-causes to underperformed supply chain.
Risk Factors and Identifiers for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Data Mining Analysisertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/risk-factors-and-identifiers-for-alzheimers-disease-a-data-mining-analysis/
The topic of this paper is the Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), with the goal being the analysis of risk factors and identifying tests that can help diagnose AD. While there exists multiple studies that analyze the factors that can help diagnose or predict AD, this is the first study that considers only non-image data, while using a multitude of techniques from machine learning and data mining. The applied methods include classification tree analysis, cluster analysis, data visualization, and classification analysis. All the analysis, except classification analysis, resulted in insights that eventually lead to the construction of a risk table for AD. The study contributes to the literature not only with new insights, but also by demonstrating a framework for analysis of such data. The insights obtained in this study can be used by individuals and health professionals to assess possible risks, and take preventive measures.
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/text-mining-with-rapidminer/
The goal of this chapter is to introduce the text mining capabilities of RAPIDMINER through a use case. The use case involves mining reviews for hotels at TripAdvisor.com, a popular web portal. We will be demonstrating basic text mining in RAPIDMINER using the text mining extension. We will present two different RAPIDMINER processes, namely Process01 andProcess02, which respectively describe how text mining can be combined with association mining and cluster modeling. While it is possible to construct each of these processes from scratch by inserting the appropriate operators into the process view, we will instead import these two processes readily from existing model files. Throughout the chapter, we will at times deliberately instruct the reader to take erroneous steps that result in undesired outcomes. We believe that this is a very realistic way of learning to use RAPIDMINER, since in practice, the modeling process frequently involves such steps that are later corrected.
Competitive Pattern-Based Strategies under Complexity: The Case of Turkish Ma...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/competitive-pattern-based-strategies-under-complexity-the-case-of-turkish-managers/
This paper aims to augment current Enterprise Architecture (EA) frameworks to become pattern-based. The main motivation behind pattern-based EA is the support for strategic decisions based on the patterns prioritized in a country or industry. Thus, to validate the need for pattern-based EA, it is essential to show how different patterns gain priority under different contexts, such as industries. To this end, this chapter also reveals the value of alternative managerial strategies across different industries and business functions in a specific market, namely Turkey. Value perceptions for alternative managerial strategies were collected via survey, and the values for strategies were analyzed through the rigorous application of statistical techniques. Then, evidence was searched and obtained from business literature that support or refute the statistically-supported hypothesis. The results obtained through statistical analysis are typically confirmed with reports of real world cases in the business literature. Results suggest that Turkish firms differ significantly in the way they value different managerial strategies. There also exist differences based on industries and business functions. Our study provides guidelines to managers in Turkey, an emerging country, on which strategies are valued most in their industries. This way, managers can have a better understanding of their competitors and business environment, and can develop the appropriate pattern-based EA to cope with complexity and succeed in the market.
Supplier and Buyer Driven Channels in a Two-Stage Supply Chainertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/supplier-and-buyer-driven-channels-in-a-two-stage-supply-chain/
We explore the impact of power structure on price, sensitivity of market price, and profits in a two-stage supply chain with single product, supplier and buyer, and a price sensitive market. We develop and analyze the case where the supplier has dominant bargaining power and the case where the buyer has dominant bargaining power. We consider a pricing scheme for the buyer that involves both a multiplier and a markup. We show that it is optimal for the buyer to set the markup to zero and use only a multiplier. We also show that the market price and its sensitivity are higher when operational costs (namely distribution and inventory) exist. We observe that the sensitivity of the market price increases non-linearly as the wholesale price increases, and derive a lower bound for it. Through experimental analysis, we show that marginal impact of increasing shipment cost and carrying charge (interest rate) on prices and profits are decreasing in both cases. Finally, we show that there exist problem instances where the buyer may prefer supplier-driven case to markup-only buyer-driven and similarly problem instances where the supplier may prefer markup-only buyer-driven case to supplier-driven.
Simulation Modeling For Quality And Productivity In Steel Cord Manufacturingertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/simulation-modeling-for-quality-and-productivity-in-steel-cord-manufacturing/
We describe the application of simulation modeling to estimate and improve quality and productivity performance of a steel cord manufacturing system. We describe the typical steel cord manufacturing plant, emphasize its distinguishing characteristics, identify various production settings and discuss applicability of simulation as a management decision support tool. Besides presenting the general structure of the developed simulation model, we focus on wire fractures, which can be an important source of system disruption.
Visual and analytical mining of transactions data for production planning f...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/visual-and-analytical-mining-of-sales-transaction-data-for-production-planning-and-marketing/
Recent developments in information technology paved the way for the collection of large amounts of data pertaining to various aspects of an enterprise. The greatest challenge faced in processing these massive amounts of raw data gathered turns out to be the effective management of data with the ultimate purpose of deriving necessary and meaningful information out of it. The following paper presents an attempt to illustrate the combination of visual and analytical data mining techniques for planning of marketing and production activities. The primary phases of the proposed framework consist of filtering, clustering and comparison steps
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Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/a-tutorial-on-crossdocking/
In crossdocking, the inbound materials coming in trucks to the crossdock facility are directed to outbound doors and are directly loaded into trucks that will perform shipment, or are staged for a very brief time period before loading. Crossdocking has a great potential to bring savings in logistics: For example, most of the logistics success of Wal-Mart, the world’s leading retailer, is attributed to crossdocking.In this paper,the types of crossdocking are identified, the situations and industries where crossdocking is applicable are explained, prerequisites, advantages and drawbacks are listed, and implementation issues are discussed. Finally a case study that describes the crossdocking applications of a 3rd party logistics firm is presented.
Financial Benchmarking Of Transportation Companies In The New York Stock Exc...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/financial-benchmarking-of-transportation-companies-in-the-new-york-stock-exchange-nyse-through-data-envelopment-analysis-dea-and-visualization/
In this paper, we present a benchmarking study of industrial transportation companies traded in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). There are two distinguishing aspects of our study: First, instead of using operational data for the input and the output items of the developed Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, we use financial data of the companies that are readily available on the Internet. Secondly, we visualize the efficiency scores of the companies in relation to the subsectors and the number of employees. These visualizations enable us to discover interesting insights about the companies within each subsector, and about subsectors in comparison to each other. The visualization approach that we employ can be used in any DEA study that contains subgroups within a group. Thus, our paper also contains a methodological contribution.
Optimizing Waste Collection In An Organized Industrial Region: A Case Studyertekg
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Demonstrating Warehousing Concepts Through Interactive Animationsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/demonstrating-warehousing-concepts-through-interactive-animations/
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A Framework for Visualizing Association Mining Resultsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/a-framework-for-visualizing-association-mining-results/
Association mining is one of the most used data mining techniques due to interpretable and actionable results. In this study we pro-pose a framework to visualize the association mining results, speci¯cally frequent itemsets and association rules, as graphs. We demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of our approach through a Market Basket Analysis (MBA) case study where we visually explore the data mining results for a supermarket data set. In this case study we derive several
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Benchmarking The Turkish Apparel Retail Industry Through Data Envelopment Ana...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/benchmarking-the-turkish-apparel-retail-industry-through-data-envelopment-analysis-dea-and-data-visualization/
This paper presents a benchmarking study of the Turkish apparel retailing industry. We have applied the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology to determine the efficiencies of the companies in the industry. In the DEA model the number of stores, number of corners, total sales area and number of employees were included as inputs and annual sales revenue was included as the output. The efficiency scores obtained through DEA were visualized for gaining insights about the industry and revealing guidelines that can aid in strategic decision making.
Visual Mining of Science Citation Data for Benchmarking Scientific and Techno...ertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/visual-mining-of-science-citation-data-for-benchmarking-scientific-and-technological-competitiveness-of-world-countries/
In this paper we present a study where we visually analyzed science citation data to investigate the competitiveness of world countries in selected categories of science. The dataset that we worked on in our study includes the number of papers published and the number of citations made in the ESI (Essential Science Indicators) database in 2004. The dataset lists these values for practically every country in the world. In analyzing the data, we employ methods and software tools developed and used in the data mining and information visualization fields of the Computer Science. Some of the questions for which we look for answers in this study are the following: (a) Which countries are most competitive in the selected categories of science? (i.e. Engineering, Computer Science, Economics & Business) (b) What type of correlations exist between different categories of science? For example, do countries with many published papers in the field of Engineering science also have many papers published on Computer Science or Economics & Business? (c) Which countries produce the most influential papers? This analysis is needed since a country may have many papers published but these papers may be cited very rarely. (d) Can we gain useful and actionable insights by combining science citation data with socioeconomic and geographical data?
An Open Source Java Code For Visualizing Supply Chain Problemsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/an-open-source-java-code-for-visualizing-supply-chain-problems/
In this paper, we decribe an open source Java class library for visualizing supply chain problems within a geographical context. The highly competitive markets and recent technological advances make the use of such supply chain network visualizations critical in both strategic and tactical levels. The most important characteristic of our work is its easy integration with any Java application. Our software differs from any other commercial and open source supply chain visualization tool by its simple structure, easy adoption and implementation and high compatibility. The main motivation of our study was to develop a simple – yet effective – library that would not require to learn and apply complicated visualization tools and data structures such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In this study, we illustrate the use of our visualization tool through maps of Turkey, Europe, North and South America, the United States and the NAFTA. We believe that ease of visualization offered by our open source tool will contribute to a multitude of projects in supply chain design, as well as increasing productive communication among practitioners, especially involved in strategic level decision making processes. We foresee that our supply chain visualization tool will fill a gap in this area with its simple but effective structure.
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
𝐔𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲 𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐄’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬
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Enhancing Adoption of AI in Agri-food: IntroductionCor Verdouw
Introduction to the Panel on: Pathways and Challenges: AI-Driven Technology in Agri-Food, AI4Food, University of Guelph
“Enhancing Adoption of AI in Agri-food: a Path Forward”, 18 June 2024
During the budget session of 2024-25, the finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, introduced the “solar Rooftop scheme,” also known as “PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana.” It is a subsidy offered to those who wish to put up solar panels in their homes using domestic power systems. Additionally, adopting photovoltaic technology at home allows you to lower your monthly electricity expenses. Today in this blog we will talk all about what is the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana. How does it work? Who is eligible for this yojana and all the other things related to this scheme?
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Application of the Cutting Stock Problem to a Construction Company: A Case Study
1. Alp, S., Ertek, G. and Birbil, S. I. (2006). "Application of the cutting stock problem to a
construction company: A case study.” 5th International Symposium on Intelligent
Manufacturing Systems, Sakarya, Turkey.
Note: This is the final draft version of this paper. Please cite this paper (or this final draft) as
above. You can download this final draft from http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
Application of the Cutting Stock Problem
to a Construction Company: A Case Study
Seda Alp, Gurdal Ertek, S.Ilker Birbil
Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences,
Orhanli, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
Tel: +90(216)483-9568
Fax: +90(216)483-9550
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2. Abstract
This paper presents an application of the well-known cutting stock problem to a
construction firm. The goal of the 1Dimensional (1D) cutting stock problem is to
cut the bars of desired lengths in required quantities from longer bars of given
length. The company for which we carried out this study encounters 1D cutting
stock problem in cutting steel bars (reinforcement bars) for its construction
projects. We have developed several solution approaches to solving the company’s
problem: Building and solving an integer programming (IP) model in a modeling
environment, developing our own software that uses a mixed integer
programming (MIP) software library, and testing some of the commercial
software packages available on the internet. In this paper, we summarize our
experiences with all the three approaches. We also present a benchmark of
existing commercial software packages, and some critical insights. Finally, we
suggest a visual approach for increasing performance in solving the cutting stock
problem and demonstrate the applicability of this approach using the company’s
data on two construction projects.
Submission areas: Decision Support System, Management Information Systems
Introduction
The cutting stock problem is encountered in many industries, including the construction
industry. In constructions, steel bars (reinforcement bars) of certain lengths are needed in
specified quantities. These bars are cut from long steel bars (with lengths as much as 1200 cms)
according to the cutting patterns. The problem is to find the "optimal" cutting patterns, where
the total number of long steel bars used is minimized, subject to the constraint that the desired
shorter steel bars are cut in required quantities.
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3. The Problem Setting
The Company
Mimag Makina Ltd, which is established in 1983, is a construction firm under the parent
company, MIMAG Group1. Initial goal in founding the company group was to produce steel
fabrication needs of the parent company, mainly formwork, scaffolding, and construction
equipment. Later the products were diversified, and found a general market among contractors.
At present, the company designs, produces, supervises formwork and scaffolding systems
suitable for all kinds of structures such as dams, bridges, business centers, and industrial plants.
Up to this date several projects were completed by Mimag, including housing projects (200
residential sites), industrial installations, railway electrification, silos, chimneys, and various
civil, mechanical and structural installation jobs are executed.
Reinforced concrete, which is the combination of concrete and steel, is used in several projects
of Mimag because of the quality of durability and for economic purposes. One of the projects
that Mimag had dealt with was the “Diesel/Kerosene Hydroprocessing and CCR Reformer
Project” implemented in Izmit Refinery of Tupras, Turkey (Figure 1a). Tupras is the top
company in Turkey with respect to sales revenues. Vertical and horizontal reinforcements were
built to replace some silos in the mentioned project. The other real data that we have used was
from the project “Waste Water Treatment Plant” conducted in Adana, Turkey. The project was
for the reinforcement of slab. To determine the amount of steel bars used in reinforced concrete,
several methods are used to minimize the amount of scrap. The standard steel bars used in
reinforced concrete steel bars are 1200 cm and have various diameters ranging from 6mm to
50mm (Figure 1b). These different steels with different lengths and diameters should be cut in
an efficient manner such that the scrap is minimized (Figure 1c).
1
http://www.mimag.com.tr
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4. (a) (b)
(c)
Figure 1. (a) 1200cm long steel bars at the Izmit - Tupras Construction site waiting to be cut. (b) The cut
steel bars with different lengths and diameters. (c) Equipment used to cut the steel bars. Source:
http://www.kaplanmakina.com
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5. The 1D Cutting Stock Problem
The mathematical model for the 1D cutting stock problem is presented below:
SETS:
I: set of patterns
J: set of lengths
DECISION VARIABLES:
xi : number of bars cut according to pattern i.
PARAMETERS:
a ij : number of pieces of length j within one bar cut according to pattern i
b j : required number of pieces of length j
THE MODEL
min x i
(1)
iI
s.t a ij xi b j i , j J (2)
iI
xi 0 , integer (3)
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6. The goal of the model is to minimize the objective function (1), which consists of the total
number of long steel bars used. Constraint set (2) ensures that enough number of shorter bars
are cut from long bars in required quantities. The decision variables are restricted to non-
negative values (3).
One can obtain the optimal solution to the cutting stock problem by using an IP/MIP solver. For
solving large instances of the problem, the reader is referred to Gilmore and Gomory (1961).
The Solution Approaches
Solving within the GAMS Modeling System
The first solution approach that we followed to tackle with Mimag’s 1D cutting stock problem
was building and solving an IP formulation within the GAMS Modeling System2. We have
implemented our GAMS model based upon information provided in Kalvelagen (2003). We
initially built the IP model for one of the subprojects within the Tupras Project, consisting of 8
different lengths (Appendix A). One advantage of using GAMS is being able to represent the
data in matrix and vector forms. Another advantage is being assured that the optimal solution is
found. However, there are major drawbacks of this approach:
The patterns cannot be generated by the GAMS modeling language; they have to be
generated through a separate program written in a general purpose programming
language, such as C++.
Adding a new pattern requires “hacking” into the GAMS model and adding a new row to
the exact appropriate place. GAMS modeling system is very sensitive to incorrect syntax,
and can give hard-interpret error messages when the required syntax is not followed.
2
www.gams.com
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7. Developing an IP-based Optimization Program
The shortcomings of using a system such as GAMS have led us to development of an IP-based
optimization program for solving the problem. We had written a C++ program to provide the
pattern data to be input into the GAMS model. However, this early implementation was
employing nested loops (one loop for each additional length) to generate the feasible patterns.
Such an implementation required modification of the source code for every new subproject data,
since each subprojects can have different number of lengths required. Yet another issue was the
fact that GAMS is a commercial software, which requires purchase of a new license for each
installation. We clearly needed a free-of-charge open-source modeling system or software
library to use as the optimization engine.
lp_solve3 is a free solver based on revised simplex algorithm for solving linear programming
(LP) problems and the Branch-and-bound technique for solving IP and MIP problems. Even
tough it is developed in ANSI C, it can be called from programs written in other programming
languages, such as C++, Java, C#, and Visual Basic, as well. We have selected to code our
program in Java4, since one of the authors possesses proficiency in this language. We have used
a “Java wrapper” that enables the communication of the Java code with the lp_solve
optimization engine, and carried out our code development within the Eclipse IDE5 (Integrated
Development Environment).
Our Java program reads data from a text file, generates patterns efficiently through an array
based representation of patterns, calls lp_solve to build and solve the IP model, and prints out
the solution. Currently, our program has minimal GUI (Graphical User Interface), since GUI can
consume great amounts of CPU time, and slow down the time to solve the cutting stock
problem. The bottleneck of our current implementation is the generation of the patterns taking
up to 1 minute for small-size instances with up to 17 lengths. One larger-size instance with 25
lengths took more than 10 minutes to solve. One possible solution to this problem is cutting
some of the lengths from the next longer length. We utilized this approach for solving the
mentioned instance.
3
http://lpsolve.sourceforge.net/5.5/
4
htpp://java.sun.com
5
www.eclipse.org
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8. We validated the correctness of our program by comparing its solution to the GAMS solution for
three different instances.
Using Commercial Software
Our next approach to solving the Mimag’s problem was to test commercial 1D cutting stock
software available on the internet. The software packages were searched using the key word “1
dimensional cutting stock program” at www.google.com. The first ~30 pages of the search
results were scanned to retrieve applicable software. Only seven packages were found to have
demo versions available that can handle the largest instance (with 25 lengths) that we had.
These packages and their web sites are listed in Appendix B.
Benchmarking Results
The Performance Data
Some important questions that we had in mind -upon completion of our Java program- were the
following;
Q1. How effective is our program compared to the commercial packages that we downloaded?
Q2. How do the commercial packages compared amongst them?
Q3. Would it be considerably more effective to use two different software packages at
the same time for each subproject and implement the better of the two solutions that they
provide?
Q4. Does batching of two or more subprojects and determining the best solution for
the batch increase performance (decrease the cost)?
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9. We have found the answers to the first three questions based upon Mimag’s data. For answering
the fourth question, we propose a visual approach that requires drawing a chart to determine
which subprojects to merge. We present our visual approach in the next section.
We have carried out a performance benchmark of our program and the commercial packages by
using the data sets from Izmit (Tupras) and Adana projects of Mimag. The total number of bars
used in our program’s solution and the commercial packages’ solutions are shown in decreasing
order in Table 1. The software marked with a (*) is the one which Mimag was planning to
purchase.
Table 1. The total number of bars found by the benchmarked software
Software Name Total number of Bars
Java Program 10399
Software 1 10400
Software 2 10402
Software 3 10403
Software 4 10410
Software 5* 10419
Software 6 10577
Software 7 11858
Insights
As can be seen from Table 1, our Java program outperformance all the commercial packages.
This is naturally expected, since we know from optimization theory that IP solution gives the
9 / 18
10. optimal objective function value. The next thing that we noticed is that none of the commercial
packages have achieved the optimal total number of bars. This indicates that the software
packages are not implementing an optimal algorithm, but are implementing heuristic
techniques.
We noticed that the first five software packages give solutions very close to the optimal. So a
construction company can select any of these five software packages, based on other criteria
such as price, on-line support, usability, data import/export capabilities, and reporting quality
(including visualization of optimal cutting patterns and their quantities). One very important
observation is that Software 6 and especially Software 7 perform poorly. A company should
definitely avoid using Software 7, which also happens to be the most expensive package amongst
all. Software 7 is distinguished from all others by its capability to import/export to and from MS
Excel. Meanwhile, Software 6 has the best GUI amongst all packages. Thus, the software
selection should be based on performance tests, rather than price, data import/export
capabilities, or GUI. We have so far answered Q1 and Q2. Since the software packages that
perform well are extremely close to the optimal there is no need to use two of those software
packages, thus answering Q3.
A Visual Approach for Determining How to Batch Subprojects
We now present a visual approach that enables a decision maker to select which subproject-
diameter combinations can be batched (combined) to be cut simultaneously. This approach is an
answer to Q4 posed in the previous section. We project that the approach we describe below can
reduce the number of long bars cut (which is the objective function of 1D cutting stock problem),
and suggest that it can be implemented in cutting stock software packages.
Figure 2 shows the chart that we propose6, where each point represents a subproject-diameter
combination. The x-axis shows values of “Optimal number of bars used”, the y-axis shows values
of “Diameters” (in cm), and the color of the points shows “Optimal usage” (as a percentage) for
that subproject, where dark colors denote lower usages (bad performance). To generate this
6
The chart is generated using Miner3D Software (http://www.miner3d.com)
10 / 18
11. chart, the cutting stock problem has to be solved for each subproject, and the three values that
will be displayed in the chart have to be calculated. This is a fairly easy thing to do, since steel
bar requirements for each subproject of a project is determined apriori and stays fixed through
out the construction project.
The approach we suggest is the following:
1. Start with the highest “Diameter” value on the y-axis and examine the points that reside
on that row. We start searching from the biggest diameter since the cost of steel bars is
depended upon the weight, which is a quadratic function of the diameter.
2. If there is a point with a dark color on that row which has a large “Optimal number of
bars used” value on the x-axis, then consider batching that with another point
(subproject-diameter combination). For example in Figure 2, we first consider batching
points A and B.
3. Test using software whether the batching possibility in Step 2 brings any improvements.
If batching brings significant improvements go ahead and carry out the batching while
cutting the steel bars. If batching does not bring significant improvement carry out the
cutting separately.
4. Return back to Step 1, considering the next smaller diameter, until you cannot find any
batching possibilities that could bring significant savings. For example, the next batching
possibility in Figure 2 is combining points C and D.
When we applied the proposed visual approach, we observed that the two considered projects
(Izmit and Adana) did not include great improvement opportunities through batching. We even
observed that batching could result in a worse performance. Therefore, the decision maker
should be aware that batching is not always a good option. Even though we have not gained
meaningful improvements by batching, when using our data, we believe that for other projects
there can be significant savings. One could especially expect good opportunities when there are
a large number of projects/subprojects managed simultaneously, and a large number of steel
bars to be cut. We suggest carrying out more extensive tests as a future research area.
11 / 18
12. One important issue in batching is the additional inventory of cut steel bars that will have to be
stored. This translates into additional inventory holding costs, which are incurred due to time
value of money. Any analysis of batching should also consider this additional cost.
Figure 2. The chart that displays performance data on subprojects.
Conclusions
Motivated by a real world problem encountered by a construction firm, we have tested and
benchmarked commercial software packages for solving the 1D cutting stock problem. Our
findings suggest that available software packages should be tested with sample project data
before adoption. We observed that software packages with the best import/export capabilities
and/or GUI can perform very poorly. Besides, a higher price does not imply a good performance
12 / 18
13. at all, as the worst software in our study was also the most expensive one. We concluded our
paper with a visual approach that can be implemented in software packages to enable interactive
decision making with respect to batching. We believe that our study will offer the decision
makers with general guidance on software selection and the software companies with a feature
that they can use to enhance the functionality of their products.
Acknowledgement
We sincerely thank Necati Alp at Mimag for motivating our study, providing the real world data,
and continuously supporting us. We also thank Sevket Atilla at Kaplan Machinery for allowing
us to use their equipment’s photograph in our paper.
References
Gilmore, P. C. and Gomory, R. E. (1961). A linear programming approach to the cutting stock
problem. Operations Research, vol: 9, 848--859
Kalvelagen, E. (2003). Column Generation with Gams. Gams Development Corp. Washinton
DC.
13 / 18
14. APPENDIX A.
Sets
i widths /w1*w8/ *different lengths of the steel bars.
j pattern/p1*p38/; *patterns in which combination they are going to be used.
scalar r raw width /1200/; *bar length is set to 1200.
table demanddata(i,*) *demand table for the lengths and their quantities.
width demand
w1 100 100
w2 200 2
w3 300 2
w4 493 250
w5 590 2
w6 630 2
w7 780 2
w8 930 2;
table patterndata(j,i) *pattern table with respect to lengths
w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8
p1 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
p2 4 1 2 0 0 0 0 0
p3 5 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
14 / 18
17. numpat.. z=e=sum(j, x(j)); *minimization of the patterns that are going to be used
demand(i).. sum(j, a(i,j)*x(j))=g=d(i); *demand should be satisfied.
model cutting /all/;
solve cutting using mip minimizing z;
display x.l, x.m;
Appendix B
The commercial software packages benchmarked in this paper are listed in random order below.
The numbering of the software packages within the paper is not with respect to this order.
http://www.astrokettle.com/pr1dsc.html
(1D Stock Cutter)
http://www.downloadjunction.com/product/software/30836/
(Optimumcut)
http://www.rrdrummond.com/demo1.htm
(The Itemizer 7.0)
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