Alkyl halides are aliphatic hydrocarbons that have undergone halogenation, the process of attaching one or more halogen atoms. They can cause mild to severe irritation of the skin and respiratory tract. Exposure can also lead to nausea, vomiting, coma, convulsions, hypotension, and death. Alkyl halides are used in dry cleaning, degreasing, anesthetics, refrigerants, and pesticides. They are also used in embalming fluids due to their ability to slow decomposition when refrigerated.

1. Alkyl halidesAlkyl halides
St acy WrightSt acy Wright

2. Alkyl HalidesAlkyl Halides
What is the chemical make up of this chemical? Chemical Formula?What is the chemical make up of this chemical? Chemical Formula?
Synonyms?Synonyms?
 1. Alkyl Halide: (A) an aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more1. Alkyl Halide: (A) an aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more
halogen atoms attached.halogen atoms attached.
 (B) an aliphatic hydrocarbon that has gone through the(B) an aliphatic hydrocarbon that has gone through the
process of halogenations.process of halogenations.

2. Formula:2. Formula: CnH₂n + xCnH₂n + x
 3. Synonym: Haloalkane3. Synonym: Haloalkane

3. Alkyl halidesAlkyl halides
Find a MSDS for this chemical and write down the health risk associatedFind a MSDS for this chemical and write down the health risk associated
with this chemicalwith this chemical..
Health RisksHealth Risks
 1. Mild skin and Respiratory irritation up to severe caustic burns on1. Mild skin and Respiratory irritation up to severe caustic burns on skinskin
 2. gastro-intestinal lining (depends on gastro-intestinal symptoms)2. gastro-intestinal lining (depends on gastro-intestinal symptoms)
 3. Nausea and Vomiting3. Nausea and Vomiting
 4. Coma4. Coma
 5. convulsion5. convulsion
 6. Hypotension and Death6. Hypotension and Death



4. Material Safety Data SheetMaterial Safety Data Sheet
may be used to comply with osha’s hazard communication standardmay be used to comply with osha’s hazard communication standard
29 CFR 1910. 1200. standard must be consulted for specific29 CFR 1910. 1200. standard must be consulted for specific
requirements.requirements.
 IDENTITYIDENTITY (As Used on Label and List)(As Used on Label and List)
 Section ISection I
Manufacturer's NameManufacturer's Name AddressAddress
(Number, Street, City, State, and ZIP(Number, Street, City, State, and ZIP
Code)Code)
 Section II - Hazardous Ingredients/IdentitySection II - Hazardous Ingredients/Identity
InformationInformation
 Hazardous Components (Specific ChemicalHazardous Components (Specific Chemical
Identity; Common Name(s)Identity; Common Name(s)

Section III - Physical/Chemical CharacteristicsSection III - Physical/Chemical Characteristics

Boiling PointBoiling Point, Vapor Pressure (mm Hg),, Vapor Pressure (mm Hg), Vapor DensityVapor Density
(AIR = 1), Solubility in Water,(AIR = 1), Solubility in Water,
Appearance and OdorAppearance and Odor
 Section IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard DataSection IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
Flash Point (Method Used),Flash Point (Method Used), ExtinguishingExtinguishing
Media,Media,
 Note: Blank spaces are not permitted. If anyNote: Blank spaces are not permitted. If any
item is not applicable, or no information isitem is not applicable, or no information is
available, the space must be marked toavailable, the space must be marked to
indicate that.indicate that.
 Emergency Telephone Number, TelephoneEmergency Telephone Number, Telephone
Number for Information, Date PreparedNumber for Information, Date Prepared
Signature of PreparerSignature of Preparer (optional)(optional)
 OSHA PELACGIH TLVOther LimitsOSHA PELACGIH TLVOther Limits
Recommended%Recommended%(optional)(optional)
Unusual Fire and Explosion
HazardsSpecial Fire Fighting Procedures

5. MSDSMSDS continuedcontinued
 Section V - ReactivitySection V - Reactivity
DataData Stability, Unstable,Stability, Unstable,
IncompatibilityIncompatibility (Materials to Avoid),(Materials to Avoid),
Hazardous Decomposition or ByproductsHazardous Decomposition or Byproducts ,,
 Conditions to AvoidConditions to Avoid
Conditions to AvoidConditions to Avoid
Hazardous
Polymerization, May Occur, Will Not
Occur
Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)
Medical Conditions
Generally Aggravated by
Exposure,
Section VI - Health Hazard Data
Section VII- Precautions for safe
handling and use.
Section VIII – control Measures.

6. How is this chemical used in the embalmingHow is this chemical used in the embalming
processprocess or why is it used around a mortuary?or why is it used around a mortuary?
 b/c they have mechanicalb/c they have mechanical
properties that make themproperties that make them
good when refrigeratedgood when refrigerated
which is apart that slowswhich is apart that slows
down decompdown decomp..
 embalmingembalming
fluidfluid


7. In what other ways is this chemical used?In what other ways is this chemical used?
 Dry cleaningDry cleaning
 Degreasing applicationsDegreasing applications
 AnestheticsAnesthetics
 Freon'sFreon's

PesticlesPesticles

8. What are some interesting things you found aboutWhat are some interesting things you found about
this chemical?this chemical?
 Halogen of alkanesHalogen of alkanes
occurs with halogenoccurs with halogen
in the presence ofin the presence of
heat or light.heat or light.

9. Define the Term.Define the Term.
NucleophilicNucleophilic
SubstitionSubstition
EliminationElimination

10. Works citiedWorks citied
 Britannica.comBritannica.com
 All about chemistry.comAll about chemistry.com
 D. MYWEBPD. MYWEBP
 Material Safety Data Sheet Osha 174Material Safety Data Sheet Osha 174
 Wiki pedia, the free encylopediaWiki pedia, the free encylopedia