This document discusses the potential of using algae as an alternative fuel source. It notes that fossil fuel consumption is increasing due to rising population levels, and that India currently imports much of its energy needs. The document then outlines various methods of cultivating and extracting oil from algae, which can be converted into biodiesel or other biofuels. It argues that algae represent a promising renewable energy source that could help address issues of energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
A biofuel is a hydrocarbon that is made BY or FROM a living organism that we humans can use to power something. A thorough research work has been carried out by few of the colleagues(me & my MBA mates) to analyze the potential for the algae fuel and how can it be made commercially viable.
A biofuel is a hydrocarbon that is made BY or FROM a living organism that we humans can use to power something. A thorough research work has been carried out by few of the colleagues(me & my MBA mates) to analyze the potential for the algae fuel and how can it be made commercially viable.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to examine the increasing economic feasibility of algae biofuels. Algae can be grown in places where traditional crops cannot be grown and it consumes carbon dioxide, thus making it better than traditional sources of biofuels. It can also be harvested every 10 days thus making its oil yield per acre 200 times higher than corn and 40 times higher than sunflowers. The problem is that harvesting and extracting the algae requires large amounts of labor and energy (drying) and the algae may damage surrounding eco-systems. Thus new and better processes along with large scale production are needed to solve these problems. These slides discuss the various approaches (open pond, photo-bioreactor, fermentation), their advantages and disadvantages, their existing and future costs, and other improvements that are driving steadily falling costs. In the short term, algae will continue to be used in niche applications such as cosmetics, food, and fertilizers. In the long run, as the cost reductions continue, algae might become a major source of fuel for transportation and other applications.
this presentation explains about algal fuel and its future prospects. a case study has also been included that has indicated potential of india in producing algal fuel.
Micro organisms or plantlike biological organisms that use sunlight to photosynthesize and transform the carbon dioxide into energy in a very efficient manner. Algae produce oil as a part of photosynthesis
Prospects for Making Biofuel from Microalgae A Reviewijtsrd
The depletion of fossil resources, increasing prices, demand, and global warming worries have all contributed to the urgency with which individuals are searching for sustainable alternative fuels. Some microalgae strains collect more lipids, develop faster, and produce more photosynthetic energy than land plants, making them a promising candidate as a biofuel feedstock. Although algae biofuels show promise as an alternative to fossil fuels, several challenges must be conquered before they can successfully compete in the fuel market and be widely embraced. Strain identification and improvement for oil productivity and farming techniques, fertilizer and budget utilization and usage, and co product generation to enhance the systems overall profitability are all issues that need to be addressed. There is much more to be done in the sector, even though there is much enthusiasm about the possibilities of algal biofuels. Algaes generation capacity was all the rage in the green technology scene a decade ago. Compared to traditional feed stocks derived from plant commodities like sugar cane and maize, or even vegetable and animal waste streams, algae fuel, also referred to as third generation biofuel, offers many significant benefits. In light of recent successes in genome editing in microalgae, we emphasize prospects for speeding up the strain incentive programme. Dr. Dusyant "Prospects for Making Biofuel from Microalgae: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52819.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/52819/prospects-for-making-biofuel-from-microalgae-a-review/dr-dusyant
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to examine the increasing economic feasibility of algae biofuels. Algae can be grown in places where traditional crops cannot be grown and it consumes carbon dioxide, thus making it better than traditional sources of biofuels. It can also be harvested every 10 days thus making its oil yield per acre 200 times higher than corn and 40 times higher than sunflowers. The problem is that harvesting and extracting the algae requires large amounts of labor and energy (drying) and the algae may damage surrounding eco-systems. Thus new and better processes along with large scale production are needed to solve these problems. These slides discuss the various approaches (open pond, photo-bioreactor, fermentation), their advantages and disadvantages, their existing and future costs, and other improvements that are driving steadily falling costs. In the short term, algae will continue to be used in niche applications such as cosmetics, food, and fertilizers. In the long run, as the cost reductions continue, algae might become a major source of fuel for transportation and other applications.
this presentation explains about algal fuel and its future prospects. a case study has also been included that has indicated potential of india in producing algal fuel.
Micro organisms or plantlike biological organisms that use sunlight to photosynthesize and transform the carbon dioxide into energy in a very efficient manner. Algae produce oil as a part of photosynthesis
Prospects for Making Biofuel from Microalgae A Reviewijtsrd
The depletion of fossil resources, increasing prices, demand, and global warming worries have all contributed to the urgency with which individuals are searching for sustainable alternative fuels. Some microalgae strains collect more lipids, develop faster, and produce more photosynthetic energy than land plants, making them a promising candidate as a biofuel feedstock. Although algae biofuels show promise as an alternative to fossil fuels, several challenges must be conquered before they can successfully compete in the fuel market and be widely embraced. Strain identification and improvement for oil productivity and farming techniques, fertilizer and budget utilization and usage, and co product generation to enhance the systems overall profitability are all issues that need to be addressed. There is much more to be done in the sector, even though there is much enthusiasm about the possibilities of algal biofuels. Algaes generation capacity was all the rage in the green technology scene a decade ago. Compared to traditional feed stocks derived from plant commodities like sugar cane and maize, or even vegetable and animal waste streams, algae fuel, also referred to as third generation biofuel, offers many significant benefits. In light of recent successes in genome editing in microalgae, we emphasize prospects for speeding up the strain incentive programme. Dr. Dusyant "Prospects for Making Biofuel from Microalgae: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52819.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/52819/prospects-for-making-biofuel-from-microalgae-a-review/dr-dusyant
Algae Renewable Energy Carbon Credit First Timer70CentsaGallon
The interest in algae farming also includes implementing Carbon Capture, Biofuel Production, Power Generation, and other industrial flue gasses for use in Photo bioreactors for algae cultivation.
Renewable Energy: India aims to become Carbon Neutral by 2070AbhijitVerma9
The word “renewable energy source” refers to the energy that is both endless and sustainable, such as sunlight. When the term “alternative energy” is used, it usually refers to both renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It refers to energy sources that aren’t as harmful to the environment as the most often used non-sustainable ones, such as coal.
Although green energy and clean energy are typically associated with renewable sources, there are some key differences between the three types of energy. Green energy comes from natural sources, whereas renewable energy comes from recyclable sources. Clean energy comes from sources that do not generate pollutants like carbon dioxide. While these energy sources have a lot in common, not all renewable energy is genuinely clean or green.
1. ALGAE AS AN ALTERNATE
FUEL
BY
M.KARTHIGAI BALA
K.PRAVIN
2. Abstract
Due to the increase in population in today’s date the
consumption of fossil fuel such as coal, crude oil has
reached its top. The increase in use of non-renewable
energy source such as fossil fuel has increased the
problems of demand and supply. Now India is experiencing
negative economic balance for the past few decades which
makes India to purchase our needs from foreign country.
Is there any way to fulfil our needs by our self? These can
be fulfilled by using algae as a fuel. (There are
many methods for extracting oil from algae. Algal fuel or
algal bio fuel is an alternative to fossil fuel. Several foreign
countries and companies are investing money on research
based on algal fuel production. The fuel prepared from
algae has been tested and it works successfully. It can be
used as a substitute for gasoline and jet fuel) so the
production of algae can be recommended.
3. Introduction
Due to the increase in population level and use of vehicles increased
the consumption of crude oil.
India has a negative energy balance for the past few decades which
has resulted in the need to purchase energy from the foreign
countries.
The ministry of India has set an Agenda to fulfill the entire energy
need of the country.
Algae are a branching-green macro algae found commonly along the
Coastline of the Great Lakes.
The algae grow on submerged rocks, logs, or other hard surfaces.
And washes on shore when wind and waves detach it from the lake
bottom.
The algae are useful and is a part of the food web in the aquatic
ecosystem.
4. Algal blooms are the exponential decay of all types of algae that
can either be Toxic or non-toxic.
Satellite image of a 2004 harmful algal bloom in Lake Erie. By
developing specific tools and information for areas of the
country, including the Gulf of Mexico, Great Lakes, Northeast,
Pacific Coast, Mid-Atlantic/Southeast, and Caribbean/Pacific
Islands, NOS is able to advance management capabilities in
dealing with all major HAB(Harmful algal bloom) threats.
There are many ways that causes algal bloom. They are nutrients,
temperature, light and turbidity.
5. Algae-Alternative energy
source
Algal fuel or algal bio fuel is an alternative to fossil fuel.
Universities which have been researching into the benefits of the
algae energy source, have all come to the same conclusion that
that algae energy source can replace oil-based fuels.
It just needs more time to be properly developed and perfected,
after which the algae renewable energy source may well become
widely used.
Algal fuel is extremely a versatile source of energy.
Algal fuel releases cool CO2 which does not affect the
environment as fossil fuel affects.
6. When it comes to transportation energy and energy for
industrial Technological needs, this renewable energy source can
be converted into a number of different bio fuels, such as bio
diesel, bio ethanol, bio butanol , bio methanol, and various other
kinds of bio fuels.
Several companies and government agencies are funding to
reduce capital and operating cost and make the algae fuel
production commercially viable.
7. Transesterification of algal
fuel into bio fuel
The algal oil is extracted from the algae by
1: mechanical method
2: chemical method.
The process of converting algae or vegetable into biodiesel fuel is
called transesterification and is not a complex process as it
sounds.
Transesterification refers to the reaction between ester of one
alcohol with the second alcohol to form the product of ester of
second alcohol and original ester from the second alcohol.
Transesterification of algal oil is done by adding ethanol and
sodium ethanolate as catalyst with algal oil.
Ethanol reacts withal gal oil to give the by-product as biodiesel
and glycerol.
8. The products are added with ether and saltwater .After sometime
they are divided into two layer that is the ether and biodiesel .
The ether is removed by vaporised under high vacuum. The ether
gets vaporised and biodiesel is ready to use.
9. Potential of algae as fuel source
Over 80% of the energy we use comes from three fossil fuels: petroleum,
coal, and natural gas.
About 98% of carbon emissions result from fossil fuel combustion.
Reducing the use of fossil fuels would significantly reduce the amount
of carbon dioxide and other pollutants produced.
This can be achieved by either using less energy altogether or by
replacing fossil fuel by renewable fuels.
Renewable energy is a promising alternative solution because it fixes
CO2 in the atmosphere through photosynthesis.
They also produce lower or negligible levels of greenhouse gases and
other pollutants when compared with the fossil energy sources they
replace.
10. Oil content of some microalgae strains:
Algae, like corn, soybeans, sugar cane, wood, and other plants,
use photosynthesis to convert solar energy into chemical energy.
They store this energy in the form of oils, carbohydrates, and
proteins. The plant oil can be converted to biodiesel, which is
why biodiesel is a form of solar energy. The more efficient a
particular plant is at converting that solar energy into chemical
energy, the better it is from a biodiesel perspective, and algae are
among the most photosynthetically efficient plants on earth.
11. Cultivation of algae
Algal strains are grown and maintained on several scales depending on
the application.
Several methods exist for the cultivation of algae .These methods can
generally be divided into two categories, open-pond system and closed
bioreactor tanks.
Open pond system :
Open pond systems offer an agricultural based approach to the growth
and cultivation of algae.
The pond channels can be constructed out of low cost materials and
operated over large areas.
12. Closed pond system :
Bioreactor tanks provide a controlled environment to optimize
growth conditions and generate high yields of algal cells.
Environmental conditions such as light, temperature, aeration, and
culture density can be precisely maintained in an indoor
environment and the sealed vessel minimizes the risk of
contamination.
13. Research on algae bio fuel
The US department of energy has awarded more than $22
million in investment for projects to develop algal research.
Four projects in California, Hawaii and New Mexico are awarded
a total of $16.5 million to accelerate development of research.
Bengal takes the lead in the production of algae.
Arizona public service commission Spend $70.5million fund on a
project that turns carbon di-oxide emission from a coal power
plant into a bio fuel using algae.
Canada spent $25 million fund on algae to crop the plants.
14. Useful aspects of algae
The fuel prepared from algae can be used as a substitute for gasoline and
jet fuel.
It is used in the recycling of waste water from industries.
Algae powder can be used as a fertilizer and it can be used as a feed for
animal.
Algal lamps need no electricity for illumination.
Algae also produce hydrogen which is a fuel for future.
It is a good reflector of sunlight. If algae is mixed with paint and used for
painting it acts as a good reflector and keeps the resident cool.
The concept of producing two products says electricity and fuel is
called cogeneration. (The project is going on in north eastern
Arizona at 995 megawatt cholla power plant)
It has lot of valuable sources it should be used properly it has its
own excellence in all the fields starting from simple field to higher
fields
15. Conclusion
Algae-based bio fuel definitely has the potential to revolutionize the
energy industry and play a leading role in fight against greenhouse gas
emissions, and climate change.
Several foreign countries had already involved in the production of algae
fuel. But India being second populated country, it should concentrate
more in the production of algae bio fuel in order to create a pollution
free environment around the world.
Bio fuels production from algae definitely deserves more attention in
years to come.
Energy demand will not decrease in years to come, it will only become
bigger, and we will definitely need more fuel, regardless of how
dominant fossil fuels will be in the future.
16. Reference websites
Chlorella.” Wikipedia, 23 April
2011. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorella
“Dunaliella.” Wikipedia, 23 April
2011. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunaliella
“The Life Cycle of Liquid Fuels.” EV
World. http://www.evworld.com/ARTICLE.CFM?STORYID=1558
“Tubular Photobioreactors.” Oilgae. 23 April
2011. http://www.oilgae.com/algae/cult/pbr/typ/tub/tub.html
“Cultivation of Algae in Open Ponds.” Oilgae. 23 April
2011. http://www.oilgae.com/algae/cult/op/op.html
“How Algae Biodiesel Works.” How Stuff Works. 23 April
2011. http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-
science/algae-biodiesel3.htm
“Biodiesel from Algae oil.” Mora Associates. 11 May
2011. http://www.fao.org/uploads/media/0707_Wagner_-
_Biodiesel_from_algae_oil.pdf
