Albert Bandura developed the theory of observational learning and self-efficacy. He argued that people's beliefs in their ability to exercise control over their lives influences how they behave. Self-efficacy refers to one's beliefs about their ability to organize and execute courses of action to achieve goals. It is domain specific rather than global and can be activated through experiences. People with strong self-efficacy are more resilient when facing difficulties. Self-efficacy develops through mastery experiences, and enriched environments that provide such experiences can improve children's development and academic achievement. Teachers with high self-efficacy believe students are teachable and can overcome challenges, while those with low self-efficacy are more stressed and pessimistic.

1. Albert Bandura Observational Learning (Modeling Theory)