Albanian Americans descend from ancient Illyrians. They began migrating to the US in the early 20th century to escape poor economic conditions and military conscription. The largest wave was after WWII and communism took control of Albania. Today there are over 193,000 Albanian Americans living in the US, with the largest populations in New York, Michigan, and Illinois. Albanian Americans work to maintain their cultural traditions through schools, festivals, dance groups, and radio programs. Their culture is influenced by patriarchy, blood feuds, and the Kanun legal code.
Child labor is a significant problem in Pakistan, with over 3.8 million children aged 5-14 working. It negatively impacts children's health, education, and development. Common forms of child labor in Pakistan include carpet weaving, soccer ball stitching, automobile workshops, and agriculture. Children face injuries, lung diseases, stunted growth, and mental impacts from unsafe and exploitative working conditions. While Pakistan has enacted some laws against the worst forms of child labor, enforcement is lacking and millions of children remain out of school. International organizations and activists are working to raise awareness and end child labor, but face challenges from a lack of political will.
Child labor is a major social problem in Pakistan, with over 4 million children aged 5-15 working, mostly in agriculture. Poverty, illiteracy, business incentives, and weak law enforcement all contribute to the prevalence of child labor in Pakistan. Children who work face physical and mental health risks, and are deprived of their education and development. While Pakistan has passed laws against child labor, more efforts are needed to reduce poverty, implement the laws strictly, control inflation, and promote family planning and education to ultimately solve the serious issue of child labor in the country.
Today Pakistan is facing a lot of social problems but some are very common in Pakistan, which are destroying our society and also economy of Pakistan.
Like Child Labour, CORRUPTION, Poverty, Illiteracy, Population Growth, Terrorism, Smuggling, Drug abuse, etc etc etc…
The document discusses child labor in Pakistan, defining it as work performed by children under the age of 18 that deprives them of their childhood. Poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, and lack of law enforcement are cited as key drivers of child labor. Common types in Pakistan include carpet weaving, agriculture, soccer ball production, and automobile workshops. Children face physical and mental health issues from unsafe working conditions. Efforts to address the problem include national laws and increasing access to free education, but child labor remains a significant issue impacting millions of children in Pakistan.
The document provides information about the country of Albania. It discusses that Albania is located in Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas. It has a population of about 3 million people and its capital and largest city is Tirana. The document then gives a brief overview of Albania's history from ancient times to the present, noting periods of foreign occupation and isolation. It also shares facts about Albanian culture, including traditional clothing, festivals, and life for children and students. Tourism on the coast and the legacy of Mother Teresa are highlighted.
The document summarizes key facts about Albania. It states that Albania has a long history, with the earliest settlers being the ancient Illyrians in the 4th century BC. Albania was occupied by the Ottoman Empire until 1912 when it declared independence. From 1946 to 1992 it was a communist state within the Soviet Union. It has since become a democracy. The document provides demographic information, noting Tirana as the capital and the Albanian language as unique. It also highlights some famous Albanians and describes popular tourist destinations in northern, western, and southern Albania.
Child labor is a serious problem in Pakistan, where over 3.8 million children between ages 5-14 currently work. Most child labor occurs in agriculture, with over 2.7 million working in that sector. Poverty is a key driver of child labor in Pakistan, as 30% of the country's population lives below the poverty line and families force children to work to survive rather than attend school. Additional causes include lack of education, urbanization, large family sizes, and lack of enforcement of child labor laws. Without addressing the root causes of poverty and lack of access to education, child labor will continue to be a major issue in Pakistan.
The document provides an overview of life in pre-colonial Philippines, covering topics such as society, politics, religion, economics, and culture. Some key aspects summarized are: Society had social classes and women had some rights; the basic political unit was the barangay led by a datu; religion involved belief in spirits and practices like divination; the economy relied on agriculture, fishing, mining and trade; and aspects of culture included languages, arts, and traditions that have survived to modern times.
Child labor is a significant problem in Pakistan, with over 3.8 million children aged 5-14 working. It negatively impacts children's health, education, and development. Common forms of child labor in Pakistan include carpet weaving, soccer ball stitching, automobile workshops, and agriculture. Children face injuries, lung diseases, stunted growth, and mental impacts from unsafe and exploitative working conditions. While Pakistan has enacted some laws against the worst forms of child labor, enforcement is lacking and millions of children remain out of school. International organizations and activists are working to raise awareness and end child labor, but face challenges from a lack of political will.
Child labor is a major social problem in Pakistan, with over 4 million children aged 5-15 working, mostly in agriculture. Poverty, illiteracy, business incentives, and weak law enforcement all contribute to the prevalence of child labor in Pakistan. Children who work face physical and mental health risks, and are deprived of their education and development. While Pakistan has passed laws against child labor, more efforts are needed to reduce poverty, implement the laws strictly, control inflation, and promote family planning and education to ultimately solve the serious issue of child labor in the country.
Today Pakistan is facing a lot of social problems but some are very common in Pakistan, which are destroying our society and also economy of Pakistan.
Like Child Labour, CORRUPTION, Poverty, Illiteracy, Population Growth, Terrorism, Smuggling, Drug abuse, etc etc etc…
The document discusses child labor in Pakistan, defining it as work performed by children under the age of 18 that deprives them of their childhood. Poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, and lack of law enforcement are cited as key drivers of child labor. Common types in Pakistan include carpet weaving, agriculture, soccer ball production, and automobile workshops. Children face physical and mental health issues from unsafe working conditions. Efforts to address the problem include national laws and increasing access to free education, but child labor remains a significant issue impacting millions of children in Pakistan.
The document provides information about the country of Albania. It discusses that Albania is located in Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas. It has a population of about 3 million people and its capital and largest city is Tirana. The document then gives a brief overview of Albania's history from ancient times to the present, noting periods of foreign occupation and isolation. It also shares facts about Albanian culture, including traditional clothing, festivals, and life for children and students. Tourism on the coast and the legacy of Mother Teresa are highlighted.
The document summarizes key facts about Albania. It states that Albania has a long history, with the earliest settlers being the ancient Illyrians in the 4th century BC. Albania was occupied by the Ottoman Empire until 1912 when it declared independence. From 1946 to 1992 it was a communist state within the Soviet Union. It has since become a democracy. The document provides demographic information, noting Tirana as the capital and the Albanian language as unique. It also highlights some famous Albanians and describes popular tourist destinations in northern, western, and southern Albania.
Child labor is a serious problem in Pakistan, where over 3.8 million children between ages 5-14 currently work. Most child labor occurs in agriculture, with over 2.7 million working in that sector. Poverty is a key driver of child labor in Pakistan, as 30% of the country's population lives below the poverty line and families force children to work to survive rather than attend school. Additional causes include lack of education, urbanization, large family sizes, and lack of enforcement of child labor laws. Without addressing the root causes of poverty and lack of access to education, child labor will continue to be a major issue in Pakistan.
The document provides an overview of life in pre-colonial Philippines, covering topics such as society, politics, religion, economics, and culture. Some key aspects summarized are: Society had social classes and women had some rights; the basic political unit was the barangay led by a datu; religion involved belief in spirits and practices like divination; the economy relied on agriculture, fishing, mining and trade; and aspects of culture included languages, arts, and traditions that have survived to modern times.
Today Pakistan is facing a lot of social problems but some are very common in Pakistan, which are destroying our society and also economy of Pakistan.
Like CORRUPTION, Poverty, Illiteracy, Population Growth, Terrorism, Smuggling, Drug abuse, etc …
Uzbekistan - The Gem of the Silk Road in Central Asia Mansur Ramazonov
Uzbekistan is a country with rich culture, history and unforgettable traditions, colorful and vivid colored tiles, mosaic and miniature, it was once the centre for education, culture, arts, science and life. Being a part of the Great SIlk Road, it is located right in the middle of the trade routes and full of unforgettable memories from travelling around the country.
Visit Uzbekistan and fulfill your travel memories with joy and happieness.
Physical and psycological impact of child labour on childrenTanjin Tamanna urmi
The aim behind this presentation is to To know the reasons behind child labor and how it affects physically and Psycologically on children also society, present situation of child labor in Bangladesh, measures available to stop it, and other related issues.
Child labor is a significant problem in Pakistan, with approximately 40 million children between ages 5-15 working. Poverty, illiteracy, population growth, and lack of law enforcement contribute to widespread child labor. Common forms of child labor include carpet weaving, soccer ball production, agriculture, mining, and work in auto shops and factories. Children face health risks from long hours and dangerous conditions, while being deprived of their education and childhood. Efforts are needed to strengthen laws against child labor and provide families alternatives to child work.
The document provides information on several landmarks and places of interest in and around Baku, Azerbaijan. It describes Baku as the capital and commercial hub on the Caspian Sea coast, known for its medieval old city containing historic monuments like the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the iconic Maiden Tower. It then gives brief descriptions and locations for several other notable landmarks, museums, mosques, and natural sites around Baku and elsewhere in Azerbaijan.
The Kurds are an ethnic group native to the mountainous regions spanning Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Armenia and Syria. They number around 20-30 million but have rarely experienced self-governance. They have adapted to farming in isolated mountainous areas, preserving their cultural traditions and language. While most Kurds are Sunni Muslim, other religions such as Christianity and Yazidism have had some influence. The Kurds seek greater autonomy and self-rule within the countries they reside in.
Child labor is a major social problem in Pakistan. The document discusses child labor in Pakistan, defining it as work performed by children under age 18 that harms them physically, mentally, or morally, or prevents their access to education. Key points made include that an estimated 40 million children work in Pakistan, many as young as 5-9 years old, despite laws prohibiting child labor. Causes of child labor include poverty, unemployment, traditions, and lack of education. Effects on children include loss of education, physical and mental harm. Solutions proposed are increasing awareness, strictly enforcing laws, and ensuring access to free education.
Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia. The capital and largest city is Tashkent. Uzbekistan has a population of over 30 million people, mostly composed of Uzbeks, Russians, Tajiks, Kazakhs, and Karakalpaks. The country has a developing economy focused on industries like gold mining and cotton production. Uzbekistan has a long history and was home to influential cities along the Silk Road, including Bukhara, Samarkand, and Khiva, which contain many well-preserved historical and architectural monuments. Today, Uzbekistan is working to balance its traditional culture and heritage with modernization.
Children working at a young age is a major global issue, especially prevalent in parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. In Pakistan, over 3.8 million children between ages 5-14 work, many in agriculture, to help support their families financially due to issues like poverty, lack of access to education, and social pressures. Various organizations work to eliminate child labor and promote children's rights by raising awareness, enforcing laws, and addressing its underlying causes.
This document provides an overview of Albania and Poland, including their locations, flags, and key symbols. It encourages finding the flags of Albania and Poland, watching a video about Albania, and doing a 4 minute physical exercise. Basic Albanian words are introduced like greetings of "Hello" and "Thank you" as well as "Goodbye".
The document provides an overview of Albania's natural environment, highlighting its diverse terrain including lowlands along the coast and mountainous regions inland. It describes Albania's climate as varied, with Mediterranean influences along the coast and cooler temperatures in the highlands. Key features discussed include the 450km coastline with beaches and lagoons, over 200 lakes such as Lake Shkodra and Lake Ohrid, numerous rivers like the Black Drin, and mountainous areas making up two-thirds of the country. National parks highlighted are Dajti, Thethi, Lura, and Divjaka Pine Park, known for their unique ecosystems.
Robert Elise - Historical Dictionary of Albania 2-nd edition.pdfMarjan DODAJ
This document provides a list of 75 entries in the Historical Dictionaries of Europe series. Each entry provides information on a historical dictionary that was published on a particular European country or topic. Many of the early editions are now out of print, with later editions and some new countries added. The most recent entry, number 75, is the second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Albania by Robert Elsie, published in 2010.
This recipe provides instructions for making potato salad with 4-5 boiled potatoes, carrots, olives, onions, celery, sweet relish, mustard, vinegar, Italian dressing, mayonnaise, and eggs. The potatoes are boiled, peeled, and cubed before being mixed with the other chopped and sliced vegetables. Mayonnaise, dressing, and mustard are combined and added to the potatoes along with hard boiled eggs and olives. The salad is seasoned with salt and pepper before being chilled for 3 hours.
This document provides a detailed biography of Gjergj Fishta, the most influential Albanian writer of the early 20th century. It summarizes his life and career, including his upbringing in northern Albania, education with Franciscan monks, founding of literary societies, and role in developing the Albanian alphabet and standard language. It then focuses on Fishta's most famous work, the epic poem "The Highland Lute," describing its content, style, and significance as the first major work of Albanian literature. The summary concludes that "The Highland Lute" drew on Albanian oral traditions to portray the heroic culture of northern tribes and was an unprecedented achievement that helped establish Albanian national identity
Este documento proporciona información sobre varios aspectos de Albania, incluyendo su gastronomía, geografía, capital, lugares típicos, religión, clima, historia, idiomas y cultura. Albania es un país montañoso ubicado en los Balcanes, con una capital llamada Tirana. La comida típica incluye ensaladas de verduras frescas y el plato principal se llama almuerzo.
Albanian weddings are large multi-day celebrations that can include hundreds of guests. Traditional elements include an engagement ceremony where the bride is given gold coins, decorating cars to take the bride and groom to the ceremony, and nights of celebration with family and friends before the wedding. Weddings often last several days and take place during a full moon to symbolize having many children. Elaborate traditional clothing is worn by the bride, bridal party, and close family members.
Today Pakistan is facing a lot of social problems but some are very common in Pakistan, which are destroying our society and also economy of Pakistan.
Like CORRUPTION, Poverty, Illiteracy, Population Growth, Terrorism, Smuggling, Drug abuse, etc …
Uzbekistan - The Gem of the Silk Road in Central Asia Mansur Ramazonov
Uzbekistan is a country with rich culture, history and unforgettable traditions, colorful and vivid colored tiles, mosaic and miniature, it was once the centre for education, culture, arts, science and life. Being a part of the Great SIlk Road, it is located right in the middle of the trade routes and full of unforgettable memories from travelling around the country.
Visit Uzbekistan and fulfill your travel memories with joy and happieness.
Physical and psycological impact of child labour on childrenTanjin Tamanna urmi
The aim behind this presentation is to To know the reasons behind child labor and how it affects physically and Psycologically on children also society, present situation of child labor in Bangladesh, measures available to stop it, and other related issues.
Child labor is a significant problem in Pakistan, with approximately 40 million children between ages 5-15 working. Poverty, illiteracy, population growth, and lack of law enforcement contribute to widespread child labor. Common forms of child labor include carpet weaving, soccer ball production, agriculture, mining, and work in auto shops and factories. Children face health risks from long hours and dangerous conditions, while being deprived of their education and childhood. Efforts are needed to strengthen laws against child labor and provide families alternatives to child work.
The document provides information on several landmarks and places of interest in and around Baku, Azerbaijan. It describes Baku as the capital and commercial hub on the Caspian Sea coast, known for its medieval old city containing historic monuments like the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the iconic Maiden Tower. It then gives brief descriptions and locations for several other notable landmarks, museums, mosques, and natural sites around Baku and elsewhere in Azerbaijan.
The Kurds are an ethnic group native to the mountainous regions spanning Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Armenia and Syria. They number around 20-30 million but have rarely experienced self-governance. They have adapted to farming in isolated mountainous areas, preserving their cultural traditions and language. While most Kurds are Sunni Muslim, other religions such as Christianity and Yazidism have had some influence. The Kurds seek greater autonomy and self-rule within the countries they reside in.
Child labor is a major social problem in Pakistan. The document discusses child labor in Pakistan, defining it as work performed by children under age 18 that harms them physically, mentally, or morally, or prevents their access to education. Key points made include that an estimated 40 million children work in Pakistan, many as young as 5-9 years old, despite laws prohibiting child labor. Causes of child labor include poverty, unemployment, traditions, and lack of education. Effects on children include loss of education, physical and mental harm. Solutions proposed are increasing awareness, strictly enforcing laws, and ensuring access to free education.
Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia. The capital and largest city is Tashkent. Uzbekistan has a population of over 30 million people, mostly composed of Uzbeks, Russians, Tajiks, Kazakhs, and Karakalpaks. The country has a developing economy focused on industries like gold mining and cotton production. Uzbekistan has a long history and was home to influential cities along the Silk Road, including Bukhara, Samarkand, and Khiva, which contain many well-preserved historical and architectural monuments. Today, Uzbekistan is working to balance its traditional culture and heritage with modernization.
Children working at a young age is a major global issue, especially prevalent in parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. In Pakistan, over 3.8 million children between ages 5-14 work, many in agriculture, to help support their families financially due to issues like poverty, lack of access to education, and social pressures. Various organizations work to eliminate child labor and promote children's rights by raising awareness, enforcing laws, and addressing its underlying causes.
This document provides an overview of Albania and Poland, including their locations, flags, and key symbols. It encourages finding the flags of Albania and Poland, watching a video about Albania, and doing a 4 minute physical exercise. Basic Albanian words are introduced like greetings of "Hello" and "Thank you" as well as "Goodbye".
The document provides an overview of Albania's natural environment, highlighting its diverse terrain including lowlands along the coast and mountainous regions inland. It describes Albania's climate as varied, with Mediterranean influences along the coast and cooler temperatures in the highlands. Key features discussed include the 450km coastline with beaches and lagoons, over 200 lakes such as Lake Shkodra and Lake Ohrid, numerous rivers like the Black Drin, and mountainous areas making up two-thirds of the country. National parks highlighted are Dajti, Thethi, Lura, and Divjaka Pine Park, known for their unique ecosystems.
Robert Elise - Historical Dictionary of Albania 2-nd edition.pdfMarjan DODAJ
This document provides a list of 75 entries in the Historical Dictionaries of Europe series. Each entry provides information on a historical dictionary that was published on a particular European country or topic. Many of the early editions are now out of print, with later editions and some new countries added. The most recent entry, number 75, is the second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Albania by Robert Elsie, published in 2010.
This recipe provides instructions for making potato salad with 4-5 boiled potatoes, carrots, olives, onions, celery, sweet relish, mustard, vinegar, Italian dressing, mayonnaise, and eggs. The potatoes are boiled, peeled, and cubed before being mixed with the other chopped and sliced vegetables. Mayonnaise, dressing, and mustard are combined and added to the potatoes along with hard boiled eggs and olives. The salad is seasoned with salt and pepper before being chilled for 3 hours.
This document provides a detailed biography of Gjergj Fishta, the most influential Albanian writer of the early 20th century. It summarizes his life and career, including his upbringing in northern Albania, education with Franciscan monks, founding of literary societies, and role in developing the Albanian alphabet and standard language. It then focuses on Fishta's most famous work, the epic poem "The Highland Lute," describing its content, style, and significance as the first major work of Albanian literature. The summary concludes that "The Highland Lute" drew on Albanian oral traditions to portray the heroic culture of northern tribes and was an unprecedented achievement that helped establish Albanian national identity
Este documento proporciona información sobre varios aspectos de Albania, incluyendo su gastronomía, geografía, capital, lugares típicos, religión, clima, historia, idiomas y cultura. Albania es un país montañoso ubicado en los Balcanes, con una capital llamada Tirana. La comida típica incluye ensaladas de verduras frescas y el plato principal se llama almuerzo.
Albanian weddings are large multi-day celebrations that can include hundreds of guests. Traditional elements include an engagement ceremony where the bride is given gold coins, decorating cars to take the bride and groom to the ceremony, and nights of celebration with family and friends before the wedding. Weddings often last several days and take place during a full moon to symbolize having many children. Elaborate traditional clothing is worn by the bride, bridal party, and close family members.
A economia de Mônaco é movimentada principalmente pelo setor imobiliário e turismo, com 2.500 quartos de hotel recebendo 225 mil visitantes anualmente. Embora o setor financeiro seja importante devido ao status de paraíso fiscal sem impostos sobre a renda, a agricultura de frutas cítricas também desempenha um papel.
The document discusses the challenges of indexing the Albanian language for search functionality. It does not have standardized lists of stop words or stemming rules like other languages. The author proposes mining texts to gather data on common words and suffixes to generate these resources for Albanian. An indexing process is outlined that would transliterate text, remove stop words and strip suffixes to standardize words before storing for search. Code for an initial algorithm is provided on GitHub.
Albanian Americans have immigrated to the United States in multiple waves throughout history, first in the early 20th century due to poor economic conditions and later as refugees from communist rule and war. They have established communities primarily in New England, New York, and the Midwest. Albanian American culture maintains traditions from Albania like the importance of hospitality, family, and loyalty while adapting to life in the United States.
Chinua Achebe was a Nigerian novelist considered the father of modern African literature. His most famous novel, Things Fall Apart, published in 1958, tells the story of Okonkwo, a man from the Igbo tribe in Nigeria, and his village Umuofia in the late 19th century as they experience the arrival of European missionaries and colonial government. The novel examines the clash between Igbo culture and the emerging colonial culture, highlighting themes of tradition versus change, masculinity, and the importance of language and oral tradition to Igbo culture. The title references a poem about the breakdown of traditions and comes to symbolize the collapse of Umuofia and Igbo culture under foreign influence.
Latin American culture is diverse, with influences from the native populations, Europeans, and Africans who mixed over time. The cultures vary by region but Catholicism is predominant. While some with European heritage have more opportunities, other groups are demanding greater equality and representation in government.
Latin American culture is diverse, with influences from the native populations, Europeans, and Africans who mixed over time. The cultures vary by region but Catholicism is predominant. While some with European heritage have more opportunities, other groups are demanding greater equality and representation in government.
This document provides an overview of the history and culture of Lithuania and Lithuanian immigrants to the United States. Some key points include:
- Lithuania was first settled over 12,000 years ago by tribal groups and was Christianized in the 14th century.
- It established the first constitution in Europe in 1791 and founded Vilnius University in 1579.
- Large waves of Lithuanian immigration to the US occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, primarily for economic opportunities. Many worked in industries like mining and steel.
- Lithuanian culture places importance on family, folk music, nature, and Christianity. Food and holidays play a large role in traditions.
- Healthcare providers should be
This document discusses the diversity of Latin American culture. It notes that Latin America's cultures vary significantly by region due to differing histories, languages, customs, beliefs, foods, and music. The cultures also show diversity in race, with significant populations of European, African, and Native American descent. Native Americans originally inhabited the region but many populations were wiped out by European diseases and weapons after colonization in the 1500s. Some native cultures survived by moving to remote areas. Today, Latin American cultures show the blending of European, African, and Native American influences in aspects like religion, art, music, food, dance, and language. There remains social and economic inequality along racial lines in many Latin American countries. [/SUMMARY]
The document provides information on the different groups of people that make up the American population throughout history. It discusses the Native Americans as the original inhabitants, followed by groups like the British, African Americans, and immigrants from various parts of Europe and Asia at different time periods. It also explores concepts like the "melting pot" view of a shared American culture versus the "mosaic" view of maintaining separate cultural identities within the nation.
This document discusses the reasons why people came to colonized America and the Philippines. It outlines three main reasons - religious, political, and economic. Religiously, Spain and France wanted to convert native Americans to Catholicism, while England sought religious freedom for dissenters. Politically, European nations wanted colonies to expand their power. Economically, Spain sought wealth from resources and slave labor, while France benefited from the fur trade. The document emphasizes that under European colonization, both Americans and Filipinos faced forced labor and taxation with little self-governance.
The document provides a history of immigration to the United States from the 18th century to the early 20th century. It describes how millions of immigrants arrived from Europe, fleeing famine in Ireland and poverty, persecution and lack of opportunity. They came for religious freedom, economic opportunity, and to reunite with family. The immigrants faced challenges integrating and some faced discrimination, but ultimately contributed to American economic and population growth.
The influx of immigrants to the United States after 1880 significantly impacted American culture. Between 1880-1910, over 10 million new immigrants arrived, mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe rather than previous waves from Northern Europe. Known as "new immigrants", they faced difficulties assimilating due to differences in language, religion, and appearance from earlier settlers. While some found opportunity, many faced poverty and discrimination, living and working in crowded urban tenements. Their arrival led to nativism and policies restricting immigration such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. Journalist Jacob Riis documented the poor living conditions of immigrants and brought awareness to social issues through his writings and photographs.
The document summarizes key aspects of socio-economic life and the decline of Spanish rule in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era. It describes the social classes that emerged, including the peninsulares, insulares, ilustrados, and indios. It also discusses the spread of Christianity and systems of taxation, labor, and land ownership implemented by the Spanish. The rise of the ilustrados and propagation movement challenged Spanish rule, leading to the establishment of revolutionary groups like the Katipunan and eventual declaration of Philippine independence in 1898.
This document provides information on immigration and urbanization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States. It discusses factors that pushed and pulled immigrants to come to America from Europe and Asia, the process they went through at entry points like Ellis Island and Angel Island, concerns over cultural changes and nativism, urban living conditions and problems in large cities, and some reform efforts. Key figures discussed include Jane Addams and her founding of Hull House to help immigrants in Chicago.
Black and Red- A Study by Nicole N. Harvin Nicole Harvin
Before European colonization, Native American and African cultures shared many similarities despite being separated by an ocean. Both groups suffered as slaves in Europe and were further oppressed in the Americas under chattel slavery. While they lived harmoniously together before racist ideologies, later anti-miscegenation laws strained relations by associating blackness with the loss of Native identity. Today, both groups still face common issues like poverty, substance abuse, and police brutality due to underfunded social programs and systemic racism. The document argues that Native Americans and African Americans should unite in social justice causes to overcome these challenges.
An examination of the complex relationship between Native Americans and African Americans and a structured argument as to why the two demographics should join forces on social activist causes.
Albania is a Southeastern European country located in the Western Balkans, bordered by the Adriatic and Ionian Seas. It has a population of about 2.88 million and its capital and largest city is Tirana. Albania has a majority Muslim population and was once ruled by the Ottoman Empire before gaining independence in 1912. It has a developing economy and is working to improve infrastructure and reduce poverty and corruption.
This document discusses social migration, which is the movement of people due to social reasons rather than economic reasons. It provides examples of multicultural societies that have formed due to social migration, such as the US, Nigeria, and the UK. While social migration can help form diverse societies, it also sometimes occurs due to oppression or discrimination that causes minority groups to flee to escape persecution. The document also discusses issues surrounding immigration attitudes in countries like the UK.
Chinua Achebe's novel "Things Fall Apart" (1958) depicts the late 19th century life of Okonkwo, a leader in a Nigerian village, and the arrival of European missionaries. The story focuses on the clash between Okonkwo's Igbo culture and the colonial influence of British values and Christianity, which ultimately leads to the breakdown of Okonkwo's life and Igbo traditions. Achebe uses the novel to challenge stereotypical Western narratives about African society and assert the complexities of traditional Igbo culture.
Immigrants came to the US in large waves from the early 1800s through the early 1900s. The first wave from 1815-1860 was mainly from northwestern Europe, including the Irish fleeing the potato famine. Later waves brought more southern and eastern Europeans. They came for economic opportunities and religious freedom, and worked in farms, factories, and mines. While they faced discrimination, immigrants maintained cultural traditions that influenced American culture over time.
The document discusses various aspects of immigration to the United States, including requirements for citizenship, the journey immigrants took to arrive in America, and challenges they faced. It provides information on the citizenship test, describes the process at immigration stations like Ellis Island where immigrants were inspected, and examines push/pull factors that influenced why immigrants left their home countries.
Immigrants came to the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries due to push factors like poverty, hunger, and religious persecution in Europe, as well as pull factors promising opportunity and jobs. They faced difficult journeys and conditions upon arrival, with third class passengers facing disease and hunger on ships. At Ellis Island, immigrants underwent health inspections with some denied entry. While many settled in urban areas and relied on ethnic communities for support, nativism grew alongside new immigrant populations, leading to discriminatory laws and quotas reducing immigration. Asian immigrants especially faced racism and exclusion acts.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
2. Origination
• “According to the Austrian linguist Gustav Meyer (1850–
1900), shqip ("Albanian language"), shqiptar ("Albanian"), and
Shqipëria ("Albania") are related to the Albanian verb shqipoj
("to speak clearly") and shqiptoj ("to pronounce") and can be
linked to the Latin excipio and excipere ("to listen to, take
up, hear"). The Albanologist Maximilian Lambertz (1882–1963)
preferred a connection with the Albanian shqipe or shqiponjë
("eagle"), which is the symbol of Albania. The latter explanation
may, however, simply be a folk etymology or constitute the
reason why Albanians identify themselves with the eagle.”
("Countries and their," 2012)
• The name Albania was given by the Romans in the ancient
times after a port called Albanopolis, but the Albanians
themselves call their country Shiqiptare ("Sons of the Eagle").
3. History
• Albanians descend from the ancient Illyrians.
• They were conquered by the Romans in the third
century A.D.
• They were incorporated into the Byzantine Empire in
395 A.D. and were subjected to foreign invasions.
• In 1468 Albania became part of the Ottoman
Empire.
• In the early nineteenth century their fight for
independence intensified.
4. history
• “During World War I, Albania became a protectorate
of the Great Powers after a short period of
independence in 1912.” (Jurgen, 2012)
• In 1920 it regained its independence first as a
republic then in 1928 as a monarchy.
• In 1939 Italy invaded and occupied Albania.
• After WWII it regained it’s independence but under a
communist regime.
5. History
• In 1997 an armed rebellion against the government
occurred after 30% of the population endured
damaged savings due to investment pyramid
schemes.
• United Nations military intervention allowed for new
elections, and a new socialist alliance government.
6. The first Albanian Americans
• Few Albanians came to the United States before the
twentieth century.
• They are the most recent group to migrate to the
United States.
• Prior to WW1 they migrated to American because of
poor economic conditions, political concerns, or to
escape military conscription in the Turkish army.
• Another wave of Albanians migrated after Albania
came under Communist control in 1944.
7. • Between 1990-1991, after the fall of communism
more Albanians began to enter America.
• The implementation of the Green Card lottery was
another factor that attributed to the increase of
Albanians migrating to America in the 1990’s.
• After New York, Michigan, and Illinois,
Massachusetts is the fourth largest of the Albanian
communities in America.
8. Albanian Cultural Groups
• Albanians can be divided into two cultural groups;
the northern Albanians also known as Ghegs, and
the southern Albanians also known as Tosks.
• Dialect and cultural differences divide the two
groups.
• Both groups identify strongly with the common
national and ethnic culture.
9. Their Culture
• The eagle is the national symbol of the Albanians. It is a symbol of
freedom and heroism in their oral literature and folklore. Albanians refer to
themselves as the “Sons of the Eagle”.
• “The eagle appears in a stone carving dating from 1190, the time of the
so-called first Albanian principality, known as Arbanon, and was used as a
heraldic symbol by a number of ruling families in Albania in the late Middle
Ages, including the Castriotta (Kastrioti), the Muzakaj (Myzeqe), and the
Dukagjini. A black double-headed eagle also was placed by the national
hero Scanderbeg on his flag and seal. This form of the eagle, deriving
from the banner of the Byzantine Empire, has been preserved as an
ethnic symbol by the Arberesh of southern Italy.” ("Countries and their,"
2012)
• The Albanian flag is red with a black double headed eagle.
• The flag was officially raised on November 28, 1912 marking the
declaration of their independence.
10. Religion
• Albanians have never had a national religion.
• Albania’s borders are divided between three
religions: Roman Catholicism, Greek Orthodoxy,
and Islam.
• “One can estimate today that approximately 70
percent of Albanians in the republic are of Muslim,
including Bektashi, background; about 20 percent,
mostly in the south, are Orthodox; and about 10
percent, mostly in the north, are Catholic.”
("Countries and their," 2012)
11. Family & Community
• Many Albanian Americans are influenced by the Kanun, which
is an ancient set of civil, criminal, and family laws.
• “It sets forth rights and obligations regarding the church, family,
and marriage. The code is based on the concepts of honor (
bessa ) and blood; the individual is obligated to guard the
honor of family, clan, and tribe. The rights and obligations
surrounding the concept of honor have often led to the blood
feud ( gjak ), which frequently lasts for generations.” (Jurgen,
2012)
• After the fall of communism American lawyers brought the code
to the attention of the Albanian lawyers to help Albania codify
their new legislation. In 1994 an article in the NY Times stated,
the code is “the central part of their legal and cultural identity.”
12. Family Roles
• A traditional Albanian household is patriarchy,
meaning the head of the household is the eldest
male.
• The principle roles of a wife consist of keeping the
house and raising the children.
• Children have the duty of honoring their parents and
respecting their wishes.
• The role of women has shifted over the years.
Today many feel caught between two worlds, feeling
obligated to conform to the standards of their
community but at the same time wanting to become
“Americanized”.
13. Women’s Role
• Girls are not given the same freedom as the boys and
are not encouraged “to go out” but rather to stay home
and learn domestic skills.
• Girls attend school through high school and are not
encouraged to pursue a higher education or career after
graduation.
• After graduating and before marriage the women often
help with the family business.
• The women’s first obligation is to marry and raise a
family.
• They usually marry at an early age.
14. Customs & Traditions
• Weddings traditionally are arranged by the parents,
intermediary, or matchmaker.
• The festivities begin a week prior to the wedding. They
include: an engagement ceremony; celebrations at the bride
and grooms households; and relatives visiting and preparing
food.
• After the ceremony a reception follows. Around midnight the
bride and groom go in opposite directions with their family and
friends and fill two containers from three different bodies of
water. At each body of water coins are tossed for anyone to
pick up.
• Birthdays are not traditionally observed. Instead the family
observes “names day” for the saint after whom the person is
named. The person can be wished, “happy nameday” or “good
health and a long life”.
15. Health & Wellness
• Some Albanians believe that illness is caused by unfavorable
climate, poor eating, or physical or psychological oppression.
• A lack of familiarity with mental illness leads many to believe it
stems from evil.
• Albanians believe that telling the patient directly of the
condition may make it worse.
• Albanians may not want to bathe or wash their hair due to the
belief that they may get sick.
• Due to infrequent utilization of healthcare in their native country
they are often reluctant to seek services and therefore may
present with chronic conditions.
16. Economic Traditions
• Albanians that came to the US were either from rural areas and
farmed or urban areas and worked as small shopkeepers and
tradesmen.
• A large population who settled in Massachusetts found work
the American Optical Company in Southbridge or the textile
mills of New Bedford. Others worked as cooks, waiters, and
bellhops.
• They soon began to open their own businesses. The most
successful were fruit stores and restaurants. By 1925
Albanians owned over 300 grocery and fruit stores in the
Greater Boston area.
• Today Albanians are employed in a variety of professions and
enterprises.
17. Statistics
• According to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data,
there are 3,190 Albanian-American living in Boston;
15, 852 Albanians living in Massachusetts; and
193,183 total number of Albanian-Americans living
in the United States.
• Of these Albanians-Americans, 107,108 are
Albanian born citizen, and 86,075 are a U.S. born
citizen.
18. Barriers to Education
• The Albanian school system was in chaos in 1991 due to
widespread vandalism and an extreme shortage of
textbooks and supplies.
• Many teachers relocated from rural to urban areas.
• “The highly structured and controlled educational
environment that the communist regime had
painstakingly cultivated in the course of more than forty-
six years was abruptly shattered and had to be rebuilt.”
(Jurgen, 2012)
• There has also been an effort to adopt the Western
model where the student is the center of the education
system opposed to the current Eastern model where the
teacher holds the dominant role.
19. Barriers to Education
• Albanian women were not encouraged to pursue an
education or career after high school like the men
were.
• Education was not viewed with the same importance
and value as it is in America.
• Albanian Americans did not want their children to go
to American schools when they first arrived here.
• Gradually they accepted the fact that an education
provided the foundation for a better way of life in
America.
20. cultural competence
• “Cultural competence is the ability to successfully teach
students who come from cultures other than our own. It
entails developing certain personal and interpersonal
awareness and sensitivities, developing certain bodies of
cultural knowledge, and mastering a set of skills that,
taken together, underlie effective cross-cultural teaching.”
("Promoting educators' cultural," 2008)
• States can increase their educator’s cultural competence
through: pre-service education, ongoing professional
development, and licensure
• There are four basic cultural competence skill areas that
apply to individual educators, to the schools where they
work, and to the educational system as a whole.
21. Cultural Competence
1. Valuing Diversity – Being respectful of different ways of
communication, values, traditions, cultural backgrounds, and
customs.
2. Being Culturally Self-Aware – Understanding that
educator’s own culture shapes the sense of who they are and
how they fit into their family, school, community, and society,
and how they interact with students.
3. Understanding the dynamics of cultural interactions –
being aware that there are many factors that can affect
interactions across cultures.
4. Institutionalizing cultural knowledge and adapting to
diversity – The educational services are designed with the
understanding of the students’ cultures.
22. Lesson Plan
• One of the most important aspects of Albanian immigrants was
their strong sense of nationalism and their desire to cultivate
the Albanian culture and traditions in the US.
• Ask the class, What could we do to help promote this?
Brainstorm and list ideas on the board. Group students into
groups of 4-5. Have them work together and choose one of the
ideas off the board. Making sure there are no duplicates allow
each group to choose that main idea and research it and
present their information to the class at a later date.
• Once all of the information has been shared have a discussion
as a whole group about the benefits of this exercise? Have the
class come to an understanding of how important it is to
educate yourself about other cultures. Ask them how they
could go about educating their friends, family, school, and
community about other cultures.
23. Extension of Lesson
• As an extension to this lesson, the class could work on
finding out about all of the cultures within their school.
• Once they know of the many cultures that exist among
them daily, they could be divided up into small groups
again and research the different cultures.
• Each group can present their culture and what they
learned. Encourage dressing the part, talking the part,
and acting out cultures to really get the class involved
and excited.
• Their research could also be used in a monthly school
newsletter. Everything from facts, statistics, community
resources, local events, and cultural traditions can be
addressed in the newsletter.
24. Community Resources
• Friendly House in Worcester offers programs for Albanians
• New Albanian School opened in Worcester MA, 2010
• The Albanian Language and Heritage School, Boston MA
• The Albanian Language School Kostandin Kristoforidhi, West
Roxbury MA
• Seventh Annual “Besa Cup” Albanian Soccer Tournament at
Millennium Park in West Roxbury
• Albanian Festivals (Every other year St. Mary’s Assumption
Albanian Orthodox church hosts one of areas largest festivals.
20,000 attend the three day event) (located other festivals in
Southbridge & Waterbury MA)
25. Community Resources
• Albanian American Civic League
• Albanian American National Organization (AANO).
Located in Worcester, MA.
• WCUW-FM - Albanian hour, the oldest continuous
Albanian radio program in the country. Located in
Worcester, MA.
• Bashkimi Dance group
26. Internet Resources
• http://www.lonweb.org/link-albanian.htm (Has all links for
information about and for Albanians from online courses, radio
stations, books, newspapers, and etc…)
• http://www.albanianworld.us/community.htm (website based
out of Massachusetts for Albanians)
• www.maasbesa.org/ - 2006 Non-profit Massachusetts Albanian
American Society, dedicated to promote the well-being and
progress of the Albanian American community in MA.
• www.albanianfestival.org/ - Worcester festival
• http://www.yahoo.ca/Society_and_Culture/Cultures_and_Grou
ps/Cultures/Albanian/
• http://www.albanian.com/main
27. Sources
1. Jurgen, J. (2012). Albanian Americans. Retrieved from
http://www.everyculture.com/multi/A-Br/Albanian-Americans.html
2. Countries and their cultures - Albania. (2012). Retrieved from
www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Albania.html
3. D-Zign, Z. (n.d.). Albanian world. Retrieved from
www.albanianworld.us/community.htm
4. Lamar Soutter Library. (2012, May). Retrieved from
http://libraryguides.umassmed.edu/content.php?pid=94770&sid=110866
7
5. Promoting educators' cultural competence to better serve culturally
diverse students . (2008). Retrieved from
http://www.nea.org/assets/docs/PB13_CulturalCompetence08.pdf