This document provides information to firefighters on responding to aircraft incidents at airports. It discusses airport communications procedures, runway and taxiway layout, fire apparatus specifications, aircraft safety zones, shutdown procedures for different aircraft types, victim removal techniques, and firefighting tactics for various aircraft fire scenarios. Positioning fire units for rescue and fire attack is addressed, along with the uses of water, foam, and dry chemical fire extinguishing agents.
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This slips, trips, and falls training PowerPoint defines and covers the various ways that slips, trip and falls can occur, how to prevent them, and the OSHA regulations regarding their prevention.
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Make sure that workers who operate aerial lifts are properly trained in the safe use of the equipment. Maintain and operate elevating work platforms according to the manufacturer's instructions. Never override hydraulic, mechanical, or electrical safety devices. ... Movement of the lift could crush the worker(s).
General aviation accidents - first responder safetyBen Sclair
Do your area first responders understand the intricacies of general aviation aircraft? If not, plan a meeting (preferably at an airport) to enlighten all on the nuances of personal aircraft. This power point provides a starting to personalize the discussion to your area needs.
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4. Airport Communications
• Communications
• Same model as fire radio:
• Who you are calling from who you
are.
• Standard military phonetic alphabet
and normal numbers with a few
exceptions:
• Three – tree
• Nine – niner
• Sterile Cab concept-incident
conversation only.
• Ground – 121.800
• Tower/CTAF – 133.100
• Tower hours 06:30 – 22:30
CTAF: 133.1
ATIS: 125.175
WX AWOS-3PT: PHONE 703-361-6160
MANASSAS GROUND: 121.8 [0630-2230]
MANASSAS TOWER: 133.1 360.75 [0630-2230]
POTOMAC APPROACH: 128.525
POTOMAC DEPARTURE: 128.525
CLEARANCE DELIVERY: 120.2 120.2 ;WHEN HEF TWR CLSD
COATT STAR: 128.525
GABBE DP: 128.525
GIBBS STAR: 120.45
HIICH DP: 128.525
HYPER STAR: 133.0
TIKEE STAR: 120.45
TRSTN STAR: 126.75
WX AWOS-3 at HWY (12 nm SW): 120.350 (540-788-4078)
WX ASOS at IAD (14 nm N): PHONE 703-661-2990
WX AWOS-3 at RMN (20 nm S): 126.325 (540-657-8283)
WX AWOS-3 at CJR (20 nm SW): 119.325 (540-727-0523)
5. RUNWAYS/TAXIWAYS
• Changes:
• Changes to Taxiway “F”.
• Taxiway “A” access points to RW
16R/34L are now Taxiways “A1-A5”
and removal of high speed
between current “A3/A4”.
• TW “G” created on south end of
Chantilly Air FBO.
• TW “Y” added between “G” and
“F”.
• Hot spot – K/B3/34R/16L
9. AIRCRAFT
• Safety Zones/Precautions.
• One member maintain eye contact
and visual communication with
flight crew.
• NEVER walk through a prop arc.
• Use caution around jet intakes and
exhausts, including vents.
• Don’t touch bare metal parts with
ungloved hand.
• Use caution chocking any unsafe
gear condition.
• Attack/approach from
uphill/upwind if possible.
• Be cautious around any running
radar systems.
• Don’t walk/drive through
fuel/fluid spills.
• Be mindful of aircraft with
recovery parachute systems.
• Caution pressing red buttons in
cockpit-may be parachute system
activation.
• These buttons have very little play
and are sensitive to movement.
10. Door/Window Access
• Varies by type of aircraft.
• Try normal doors first.
• Hard landings may have twisted
airframes, jamming doors.
• Seek alternative access points:
• Over-wing exits.
• Opening windows.
• Cargo/baggage compartments.
• Cut as last resort
• Main doorways are usually some
of the most heavily reinforced
areas.
• Use caution for electrical/fluid
lines.
• Stay away from rivet lines.
• Usually best to cut just above and
just below window line.
• Make access large enough for FF
ingress and patient egress.
11. Victim Removal
• Victim Removal
• Obviously, if the victim can follow
commands and move have them
assist in their removal.
• If not able, ensure belts are
undone or cut.
• Knife, scissors or a seat belt cutter
will all work.
• Move seats down and back as far
as possible to aid in removal.
12. Victim Removal
• Victim Removal
• Once belts are undone victim
removal can begin.
• Think smarter-use any means
available to get victim out of the
aircraft.
• Webbing, Reeves stretchers, back
board, stair chairs, blankets
time/situation permitting.
13. Seat Belts
• Restraint systems (seat belts) vary
from aircraft to aircraft.
• Most aircraft will have a normal lift
tab insert buckle (1).
• Next most common is the lever lock
type belt (2).
• More advanced aircraft or military
may have a multi-point quarter turn
restraint system.
• Experimental aircraft can have any of
the above or something entirely
different.
• Belt shown has a tensioning device
behind rear panel.
15. Scenarios – Wheel Fire
• Causes:
• System or part failure
• Overheated/overused brakes.
• Response
• Approach from fore/aft at a 45-
degree angle.
• Large quantities of water to
extinguish and cool wheel.
• If fire does not go out may need class
“D” extinguisher.
NOT
recommended!
16. Scenarios – Hot Brakes/Tire Fire
• Hot Brakes Causes
• Landing heavy, no flaps.
• System malfunction.
• Temp should be measured on
inside metal ring, abnormal.
readings may exceed 600 degrees.
• Approach from 45-degree angle.
• Water application.
• May lead to wheel and/or tire fire.
• Tire Fire Causes:
• System or part failure.
• Overheated/overused brakes.
• Response
• Approach from fore/aft at a 45-
degree angle.
• Large quantities of water to
extinguish and cool wheel.
• If fire does not go out may need class
“D” extinguisher.
17. Scenarios – Engine Fires
• Causes:
• Ingestion of foreign material (bird
strike, FOD).
• Malfunction.
• Best approach upwind from
front (landing/take off).
• Turret application into intake
• Use caution to avoid opposing
streams/hand line crews during
turret operations.
• Watch for potential of 3D fire,
use Dry Powder system in this
case.
• Watch for fuel spill fire, ensure
foam blanket remains intact.
• Once bulk of fire is knocked
down deploy handlines (Avoid
“Monitor Madness”).
• Ensure engine cowlings and
access panels are opened and
checked.
18. Scenarios – Cabin Fire
• Cabin fires may begin as
electrical fires.
• Once power is secured, they
become class “A” fire, extinguish
with water.
• Ensure all necessary systems are
controlled prior to securing
power/disconnecting batteries.
19. Precautions
• Be mindful of burning composite
materials.
• ALWAYS be on air around these.
• ELT – Emergency locator
transmitter – CAP only receiver
for the airport.
All debris is remnants of composite material
20. Ballistic Recovery Systems
• Found on both prop and jet
aircraft
• Explosive squib initiates chute
• Straps embedded in skin of the
aircraft – ripped off during
deployment
22. Shut Down Procedures
• Fixed Wing
• Throttles
• Fuel
• Fire Bottles
• APU-if equipped
• Batteries-ensure all items needing
power are done before securing
power: doors, seats etc.
• Disconnect batteries
23. Dash-8 Shut Down Procedures
3. Fire “T”
Handles
5. Master
Battery Switch
Center Overhead
Console
4. APU Fire
Control
1. Throttles
2. Fuel Controls
Oxygen bottle co-pilots side nose
Battery Pilot’s side nose
24. Beechcraft King Air
1. Throttles 2. Fuel
2. Firewall
Fuel Shutoff
Valve
Buttons
3. Engine Fire Buttons
5. Battery and
Electrical Gang Bar
Some Turbo-prop aircraft have APUs ours do not.
27. Helicopter Shut Down Procedures
• Throttles
• Fuel
• Fire Bottles
• Oxygen (Med-Evac helos)
• Rotor Brake
• Batteries
• Disconnect Batteries
• Remember not to approach
helicopters standing up straight.
• Rotor blades are very flexible and
if parts are not working properly
they may sag to within inches of
the ground.
• Head, eye and ear protection
should be worn in vicinity of
aircraft.
28. R-22/44 Access/belts
• To open doors from
outside: pull lever
down and forward.
• Crew and Passenger
seats should have
simple shoulder/lap
belt straps.
• Pilot often sits in right
seat, but pilot’s left is
still #1 side, pilot’s
right #2.
29. R-22/44
• Throttle control is on joystick -
deadman style - should return to
idle when let go.
• R-22 Fuel cut off switch behind Left
seat. R-44 is between pilot and co-
pilot seats.
• Rotor brake should be left engaged
after shutdown to disable starter
buttons and reduce possibility of
unintentional starter engagement.
30. R-22/44
• Batteries should be located
outside cabin on #1 side, may be
enclosed in engine housing or
open.
• Batteries DO NOT have quarter
turn quick disconnects, a wrench
is required for disconnect.
32. Other Helos
• Other larger, more powerful
helicopters have throttle and
fuel levers like fixed wing aircraft
but on overhead console.
• Collective should be returned to a
neutral position, throttles pulled
back to idle, fuel levers back to off
and there may be a guarded fuel
switch on the center lower
console that should be turned off.
H-53 Flight deck
33. Officers/Operators
• Positioning for Rescue Path
• Size up known info:
• How many souls on board
• Type of aircraft
• Seriousness of crash-high speed/low
speed
• Souls on board
• With a two-seat aircraft with one
door on either side, positioning
straight off the nose allows the
turrets to blanket both sides of the
aircraft rescue path without
having to relocate.
• Larger passenger aircraft with a
main cabin door will have multiple
people using the main cabin door
to exit.
34. Officers/Operators
Positioning for Rescue Path
• If the crash involves fire, once
the turrets have covered the
exterior of the with foam a
handline should be deployed to
extinguish any remaining/hidden
fire. This will save large
quantities of agent.
• Additional crews should perform
rescue/interior extinguishment
as required.
• Any patients removed (rescued
or walking wounded) should be
removed to a safe location and
treated appropriately.
• Ensure transport units have
good access into and out of the
emergency site.
• Patient tracking is usually one of
the biggest problems in any MCI.
35. Officers/Operators
Positioning for Fire Attack
• Remember the ARFF units have
tremendous modulating (pump
and roll) capability.
• One lap around the aircraft
should extinguish the bulk of a
post crash fire.
• Prevent “monitor madness”. Do
not try to extinguish all fire with
turrets-wastes valuable time and
agent.
• Once the bulk of fire is knocked
down pull a handline for final
extinguishment and foam
blanket replenishment.
• NEVER turn you back on a fuel
spill fire, may rekindle rapidly.
• Maintain presence with handline
until all surfaces are cool.
• Consider precautionary foam
blanket for fuel spills (no fire) on
hot ramps (especially asphalt).
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=ARFF+Firefighting&&v
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https://youtu.be/peiJpSJYdPQ
36. Officers/Operators
• High Reach Extendable Turret
(Snozzle)
• Versatile tool for accessing
enclosed aircraft spaces,
reaching below/around
obstacles.
• Must be a
• practiced skill.
• Practice Exercises:
• Chain link fence/flagging tape
targets.
• Extrication vehicles.
• Foam barrels/5-gallon pails.
• Traffic cones.
39. Agents/Types of scenarios/Operations
• Dry Chemical – good for quick
knockdown of liquid fires, non-
conductive so good for
energized electrical fires, can be
used with AFFF.
• Corrosive-can cause damage to
electrical equipment, respiratory
irritant, susceptible to reflash until
material involved is cooled.
