Air suspension
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The document describes the design and fabrication of an air suspension system that uses a piston cylinder arrangement instead of rubber bellows. It discusses the components of the system including the piston and cylinder, base frame, control valve, and compressor. The working model is analyzed for stress and displacement under different loading conditions. The analysis shows that for a 1000N load, the maximum von mises stress is 1.19x108 Pa and maximum displacement is 0.502mm. For an 833N load with a safety factor of 2.5, the maximum stress is 99.3MPa and displacement is 0.418mm. Potential drawbacks are leaks in the piston cylinder and need for regular inspection of components.
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![Design and Analysis
1 .Calculation of Force Acting on the Piston
Material of the Piston = C45 Steel
Diameter of the Piston Surface (d) = 38 mm
Applied Air Pressure (p) = 6 bar = 0.6 MPA
Force Acting on the Piston (f) = Pressure X Area =
=p x (ᴫd^2)/4=
=0.6 x (3.14x38^2)/4
=680.4 N
2. Analysis of the Base Frame
Analysis on the base frame was performed by initially
providing a load of 1000N This loading condition
produced a Maximum Value of Von Misses Stress =
1.19 x 108
N/m2
= 1.19 x 10 8
Pa
Figure 5 :Stress distribution for 1000N load
This actuates the leveling valve , releasing air from
the cylinder , bringing it back to neutral position
Once the load /impact is released the cylinder rises
above the neutral position .
This actuates the leveling valve , thereby pump ing
air to the cylinder to bring it back to it neutral position
A increase in vehicle load or sudden impact with the
ground compresses the air in the cylinder by a small
amount
The cylinder is initially in its required position
(neutral position).
The corresponding maximum displacement trace
produced for a load of 1000N was found to be 0.502
mm
Figure 6 : Displacement trace for 1000N load
Yield Strength of Mild Steel = 248 x 106
Pa .Since for
this kind of a suspension system , an impact loading
condition exists ,a FACTOR OF SAFETY OF 2.5 is
taken .
Factor of Safety = [ Yield strength of material ] /
[ Maximum Von Misses Stress]
For 1000 N Loading FOS= [248] / [119]=2.08
Solving for an FOS of 2.5,
Maximum Von Misses Stress = 99.2 MPA
Therefore Maximum Load = 833 N
This corresponds to a load of 85 Kg .This means that a
load of 85 is safe , considering a Factor of Safety 2.5.
For a Loading Condition of 833 N , the Maximum Von
Misses Stress was found to be 99.3 MPa
Figure 7:Stres Distribution for 833N
The corresponding Maximum displacement was found
to be 0.418 mm under the new loading condition of
833 N .](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Predisi uan ipa paket-1
Dokumen tersebut berisi kisi-kisi soal untuk ujian nasional mata pelajaran IPA tahun 2012/2013. Terdiri dari 14 indikator kompetensi dasar dan 40 butir soal beserta kunci jawabannya. Soal-soal tersebut mencakup materi dasar IPA seperti pengukuran, zat dan kalor, mekanika, gelombang bunyi dan optik, kelistrikan dan magnet, sistem tata surya, atom dan molekul, ekosistem, sistem organ manusia dan tum
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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE WISHBONE SUSPENSION SYSTEM USING FINITE ELEMENT...
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Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Crank and Slotted Lever Quick Return Mech...
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Air suspension
- 1. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AIR SUSPENSION SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILES - Cyril Mathew Samuel and M. Daniel - Introduction Air suspension is a type of vehicle suspension powered by an electric or engine-driven air pump or compressor. This compressor pumps the air into a flexible bellows usually made from textile-reinforced rubber. The air pressure inflates the bellows, and raises/lowers the chassis from the axle depending on the loading condition Air suspension is the only type of suspension that provides a constant ground clearance irrespective of the loading condition. Due to this feature, the vehicle safety is always assured. The existing air suspension technology uses inflated rubber bellows to provide suspension. However this is vulnerable to punctures. This project deals with using a piston cylinder arrangement as an alternative to the rubber bellows . The Working Model The following are the components required to manufacture the working model : • Piston and cylinder arrangement • Base Frame • Valve Assembly ( 4 /3 Directional Control Valve • Bolts and Nuts • Compressor The CATIA model of the individual parts are shown below: Figure 1 :Base Frame Figure 2 :Double Acting Pneumatic Cylinder Figure 3 : Assembled 3D view of the Working Model Figure 4 : Actual Working model Working The working of the system is described in the following flow chart T
- 2. Design and Analysis 1 .Calculation of Force Acting on the Piston Material of the Piston = C45 Steel Diameter of the Piston Surface (d) = 38 mm Applied Air Pressure (p) = 6 bar = 0.6 MPA Force Acting on the Piston (f) = Pressure X Area = =p x (ᴫd^2)/4= =0.6 x (3.14x38^2)/4 =680.4 N 2. Analysis of the Base Frame Analysis on the base frame was performed by initially providing a load of 1000N This loading condition produced a Maximum Value of Von Misses Stress = 1.19 x 108 N/m2 = 1.19 x 10 8 Pa Figure 5 :Stress distribution for 1000N load This actuates the leveling valve , releasing air from the cylinder , bringing it back to neutral position Once the load /impact is released the cylinder rises above the neutral position . This actuates the leveling valve , thereby pump ing air to the cylinder to bring it back to it neutral position A increase in vehicle load or sudden impact with the ground compresses the air in the cylinder by a small amount The cylinder is initially in its required position (neutral position). The corresponding maximum displacement trace produced for a load of 1000N was found to be 0.502 mm Figure 6 : Displacement trace for 1000N load Yield Strength of Mild Steel = 248 x 106 Pa .Since for this kind of a suspension system , an impact loading condition exists ,a FACTOR OF SAFETY OF 2.5 is taken . Factor of Safety = [ Yield strength of material ] / [ Maximum Von Misses Stress] For 1000 N Loading FOS= [248] / [119]=2.08 Solving for an FOS of 2.5, Maximum Von Misses Stress = 99.2 MPA Therefore Maximum Load = 833 N This corresponds to a load of 85 Kg .This means that a load of 85 is safe , considering a Factor of Safety 2.5. For a Loading Condition of 833 N , the Maximum Von Misses Stress was found to be 99.3 MPa Figure 7:Stres Distribution for 833N The corresponding Maximum displacement was found to be 0.418 mm under the new loading condition of 833 N .
- 3. Figure 8: Displacement trace for 833N Drawbacks of the Suspension System 1. Leaks in Piston Cylinder could lead to lowering of the efficiency. 2. Proper and regular inspection has to be carried out on the components , so as to make sure that the compressor does not get overworked References 1. www.google.com 2. www.wikipedia.com 3. Automobile Engineering – Kirpal Singh