This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and robotics. It defines artificial intelligence as computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception and decision making. Robotics is defined as programmable manipulators that can move objects. The document discusses how robotics is relevant to AI through use of effectors, sensors, and information processing architectures. It also outlines current developments in areas like robot perception, control structures, and use of emotions. The future of robotics is envisioned to include more intelligent, integrated, environmentally friendly robots.

1. 1
B.C.A. 2nd year
1 1
Conducted by –
Miss Fiza Siddiqui

2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
AND ROBOTICS
By-HARSHIT GUPTA

3. Presentation Overview
• Definition of Artificial Intelligence
• Definition of robotics
• Robotics’ relevance to AI
• Current developments in the field
• Future of robotics

4. Artificial Intelligence
The theory and development of computer
system to able to perform task normally
requiring human intelligence ,such as visual
perception ,speech recognition ,decision
making and translation between
languages.
Artificial Intelligence= Artificial +Intelligence

5. Types Of Artificial
Intelligence
• Week A.I.
• Strong A.I.
• Singularity A.I.

6. Definition of Robotics
• A robot is…
– “An active artificial agent whose environment is the
physical world”
--Russell and Norvig
– “A programmable, multifunction manipulator designed
to move material, parts, tools or specific devices through
variable programmed motions for the performance of a
variety of tasks”
--Robot Institute of America

7. Relevance to Artificial
Intelligence
• Effectors
• Sensors
• Architecture
• Integration of various inputs
– Hierarchy of information representation
• Emotions

8. Effectors
• Effector vs. Actuator
• Degrees of freedom
(d.f.)
– 6 d.f. for free body in
space
• Locomotion
– Statically stable vs.
Dynamically stable
• Manipulation
– Rotary vs. Prismatic
motion
– End Effector
Four-finger Utah/MIT hand

9. Sensors
• Force-sensing
• Tactile-sensing
• Sonar
• Visual (camera)
• Proprioceptive
Robot with camera
attached

10. Architecture
• Classical architecture
– shortcomings
• Behavior-based architecture
Sensors
Reason about behavior of objects
Identify objects
Build maps
Avoid objects
Actuators
Design for a behavior-based mobile robot
(adapted from Fig 25.10 in AIMA)

11. Information Representation Hierarchy
• Raw data
• Cognitive
feature
• Conceptual
feature
• Simple concept
• Inter-
connected
synthesized
concept

12. Information Representation Hierarchy

13. Information Representation Hierarchy

14. Current Developments
• Emotions
• Energy-efficiency
• Integration
– Hierarchy of information representation
• Control structures
– Synthesis of neural nets and fuzzy logic
• Robotic surgery
• Robot perception
– Face and object recognition

15. Importance of Emotions
• Emotions help prevent
people from repeating
their mistakes (decisions
that resulted in negative
feelings)
• Recognizing emotions
would allow robots to
become more responsive
to users’ needs
• Exhibiting emotions
would help robots interact
with humans

16. Current Implementation
• Industrial robots
– used in factories to
manufacture boxes and pack
and wrap merchandise
• Car manufacturers own 50%
of today’s robots
• Robots used in hazardous
situations
– Nuclear power plants
– Response to bomb threat
– Outer space exploration
Robotic arm arranging
chocolates

17. Problems
• Sensing
• Vision
• Mobility
• Design
• Control
• Reasoning

18. FOR EXAMPLE
• SOPHIA

19. Future of Robotics
• Downsizing
– Reduction in power
needs and size
• Synergism
– Greater integration of
technologies
• Greater intelligence
– More user-friendly
interface
• More environmentally
friendly
– Robots easy to
disassemble and destroy
– Easily reusable or
degradable parts

20. Moral Dilemmas
• Legal rights of
autonomous beings
• Replacing humans in the
workplace
• Ethics of deleting
intelligent robots—
murder?
• Creating helpful sentient
robots vs. playing God

21. Future of Robotics
• Design robots to
recognize presence,
posture, and gaze
• Develop viable social
exchange between
robots and humans
• Design systems that can
learn via reinforcement

22. ANY
QUESTIONS?