Race-ing Art History: 
Contemporary Reflections on 
the Art Historical Canon
Yinka Shonibare
Thomas Gainsborough, Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, 1748.
Yinka Shonibare, Mr. and Mrs. 
Andrews without their Heads, 1998. 
Gainsborough, Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, 
1748.
Yinka Shonibare, The Swing 
(after Fragonard), 2001. 
Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Swing, 
1766.
Kehinde Wiley
Jacques-Louis David, Napoleon 
Crossing the Alps, 1800. 
Kehinde Wiley, Napoleon Leading the 
Army Over the Alps, 2005.
Peter Paul Rubens, Equestrian 
Portrait of King Philip II of Spain, 
c. 1635. 
Wiley, Equestrian Portrait of King Philip 
II, 2009.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique 
Ingres, Napoleon I on His 
Imperial Throne, 1806. 
Wiley, Ice T, 2005.
Abelina Galustian
Jean Léon Gerôme, 
Moorish Bath, 1883. 
Frederick Arthur Bridgman, The 
Bath, c. 1890. 
Eugène Delacroix, Algerian Women 
in their Apartments, 1834.
Gerôme, The Slave Market,1867.
Abelina Galustian, Womansword 
series (quoting Gerôme’s Slave 
Market), 2000. 
Gerôme, The Slave Market, 1867.
Ettore Cerone, Examining Slaves, 1890. 
Galustian, Womansword series 
(quoting Cerone’s Examining Slaves), 
2000.
Galustian, Womansword series 
(quoting von Chlebowski’s 
Purchasing a Slave), 2000–1. 
Stanislaus von Chlebowski, 
Purchasing a Slave, 1879.
Ken Gonzales-Day
Ken Gonzales- 
Day, Erased 
Lynching series 
and Wonder 
Gaze 
installation, 
2000–13
Gonzales-Day, Tombstone, 2006.
Gonzales-Day, East First Street, 2006.
Gonzales-Day, At daylight the miserable man 
was carried to an oak, 2007.
Gonzales-Day, Momento Gonzales-Day, Aaron, 2007. 
Mori,2007.
Installation view (At Daylight, left; Aaron, right).
Fred Wilson
“There is no document of civilization which is not at the same time a document of 
barbarism.” — Walter Benjamin
Wunderkammer, cabinets of curiosities.
Crystal Palace, World’s Fair, London, 1851.
Exposition Universelle, Paris, 1889.
Humans on exhibition, nineteenth-twentieth 
century.
Fred Wilson, Mining the Museum,1992.
Wilson, Mining the Museum,1992.
Wilson, Metalwork 1723–1880 in Mining the Museum, 1992.
Wilson, Cabinet Making 1820–1910 in Mining the Museum, 1992.
Wilson, Modes of Transport 1770–1910 in Mining the Museum, 1992.
Wilson, Cabinet Making 1820–1910, 
1992. 
Shonibare, Mr. and Mrs. Andrews 
Without Their Heads, 1998.
“The decolonial option is an option and, as such, it makes evident 
that there is no right or natural way to define what museums shall 
do. Museums should offer spaces for many kinds of interpretive 
activity (dialoguing or contesting each other). The decolonial 
option displaces the ‘spectacle’ and ‘performance’ of museum 
exhibits and installations and brings to the foreground what 
‘spectacle’ and ‘performance’ hides: coloniality, that is, the 
darker side of modernity of which museums are a paramount 
institution.” 
— Walter Mignolo, “Museums in the Colonial Horizon of Modernity: 
Fred Wilson’s Mining the Museum (1992).”

AHTR Race-ing Art History