The document discusses the relationship between food nutritional intake and academic performance of students. It provides background on the topics, stating that poor nutrition can negatively impact school attendance and concentration. The study aims to identify this relationship by examining student profiles, academic performance measures, and testing the hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between nutritional intake and performance. Key concepts are defined and the theoretical framework of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is discussed. The significance of the study is that it can help students, schools, and researchers understand this relationship.
K to 12 GRADE 3 Mother Tongue Based (MTB - 2nd Quarter)LiGhT ArOhL
FIRST SUMMATIVE TEST in MTB Grade 3 K to 12 for
Second Quarter.
Note: I just copied it from my daughter's quiz and uploaded it to here for some reference.
A PROPOSAL ON HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL HEALTH NUTRITION AMONG THE PRIMARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN-30, KASKI
K to 12 GRADE 3 Mother Tongue Based (MTB - 2nd Quarter)LiGhT ArOhL
FIRST SUMMATIVE TEST in MTB Grade 3 K to 12 for
Second Quarter.
Note: I just copied it from my daughter's quiz and uploaded it to here for some reference.
A PROPOSAL ON HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL HEALTH NUTRITION AMONG THE PRIMARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN-30, KASKI
Academic Stress in Relation to Academic Performance of High School Students i...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study aimed to determine the academic stress in relation to academic performance of high
school students in the new normal education. The researcher utilized the descriptive research design
withquestionnaire as the instrument in gathering data from the 392 students who were randomly selected.
Statistical analysis shows that the assessment on academic stress was ―Moderately Stressful‖ and on
well-being was ―Sometimes‖. The academic performance the students was rated ―Very Satisfactory‖. There is
significant difference on sex towards academic undertaking and parental pressure while significant on age
towards academic undertaking. There is significant difference according to learning modality on emotional,
social, intellectual and spiritual well-being; significant on sex towards physical well-being and grade level
towards intellectual well-being. There is negligible correlation between the level of academic stress and
academic performance and positive slight correlation between the well-being and academic performance.
It is recommended thatparents are encouraged not to force children to have good academic
performance. Need to assessed and understand the intellectual ability of the children. Students are encouraged to
participate in activities promoting health, social, and spiritual wellness and further study be conducted on the
design of a curriculum which optimizes the balance between the ‗push‘ factors bringing out the students,
maintaining standards, etc.), and inducing undue and unproductive stress.
Academic Stress in Relation to Academic Performance of High School Students i...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study aimed to determine the academic stress in relation to academic performance of high
school students in the new normal education. The researcher utilized the descriptive research design
withquestionnaire as the instrument in gathering data from the 392 students who were randomly selected.
Statistical analysis shows that the assessment on academic stress was ―Moderately Stressful‖ and on
well-being was ―Sometimes‖. The academic performance the students was rated ―Very Satisfactory‖. There is
significant difference on sex towards academic undertaking and parental pressure while significant on age
towards academic undertaking. There is significant difference according to learning modality on emotional,
social, intellectual and spiritual well-being; significant on sex towards physical well-being and grade level
towards intellectual well-being. There is negligible correlation between the level of academic stress and
academic performance and positive slight correlation between the well-being and academic performance.
It is recommended thatparents are encouraged not to force children to have good academic
performance. Need to assessed and understand the intellectual ability of the children. Students are encouraged to
participate in activities promoting health, social, and spiritual wellness and further study be conducted on the
design of a curriculum which optimizes the balance between the ‗push‘ factors bringing out the students,
maintaining standards, etc.), and inducing undue and unproductive stress.
Running head PROGRAM DESIGN 1PROGRAM DESIGN 2.docxtodd581
Running head: PROGRAM DESIGN 1
PROGRAM DESIGN 2
Program Design to Promote Social Goals in American K12 Schools
January 15th,2018
Program Design to Promote Social Goals in American K12 Schools
Explanation of Each Initiative
The three main initiatives of promoting social goals in school will include: promoting moral and character education, improving children’s health and nutrition, and creating school communities through extracurricular activities, after school programs, and school spirits (Rissanen et al. 2018). Comment by Evelyn Young: The 3 initiatives are clearly stated. Although did Rissanen et al. propose these 3 initiatives to promote social goals in schools? If these are your arguments, take credit for them. No need to give credit to Rissanen et al. for formulating the thesis for your paper.
I think that your paper could have used an introduction followed by the thesis statement.
Explanation of Each Initiative
Moral education is meant to promote good conduct among school-going children, not just within their immediate social relationships, but also in their dealings with their fellow citizens. This initiative is premised on the need for students to possess clear ideals and judgments on what action are right and what are wrong, including the determination of students’ conduct through a constant reference to those ideals. Moral education will be offered as a social goal to enlighten students on a system of rules and norms that regulate the social interactions of people on concepts of welfare, such as harm, trust, justice, and rights. For some students, issues related to values, personal feelings, and societal norms are constructs for discussions and are as such viewed as being influenced by the manner in which morality taught or experienced in schools, churches, and social institution settings. Moral education will be meant to reduce criminal and deviant behaviors among students. Moral character is required in schools because many parents do not teach their children morality issues.
The health and nutrition initiative is meant to improve the physical and mental well being of students. This initiative has the potential to improve the quality of students’ urban life, strengthen the ability of poor children to excel in their studies, and to compensate them for the substandard home and school environments spawned by competitive, inequitable social order. Health and nutritional initiatives will be strengthened through planning and introducing curriculum on nutrition with educational activities. These will include physical activities, which are combined with the farm to school programs that motivate students to consume healthy diets. Indeed, the hybrid school-based nutritional programs have major influence on attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors associated with fruits and vegetable consumption diffused throughout a bigger urban community (Dudley Cotton & Peralta, 2015). This hybrid intervention includes combining district stra.
Running head PROGRAM DESIGN 1PROGRAM DESIGN 2.docxglendar3
Running head: PROGRAM DESIGN 1
PROGRAM DESIGN 2
Program Design to Promote Social Goals in American K12 Schools
January 15th,2018
Program Design to Promote Social Goals in American K12 Schools
Explanation of Each Initiative
The three main initiatives of promoting social goals in school will include: promoting moral and character education, improving children’s health and nutrition, and creating school communities through extracurricular activities, after school programs, and school spirits (Rissanen et al. 2018). Comment by Evelyn Young: The 3 initiatives are clearly stated. Although did Rissanen et al. propose these 3 initiatives to promote social goals in schools? If these are your arguments, take credit for them. No need to give credit to Rissanen et al. for formulating the thesis for your paper.
I think that your paper could have used an introduction followed by the thesis statement.
Explanation of Each Initiative
Moral education is meant to promote good conduct among school-going children, not just within their immediate social relationships, but also in their dealings with their fellow citizens. This initiative is premised on the need for students to possess clear ideals and judgments on what action are right and what are wrong, including the determination of students’ conduct through a constant reference to those ideals. Moral education will be offered as a social goal to enlighten students on a system of rules and norms that regulate the social interactions of people on concepts of welfare, such as harm, trust, justice, and rights. For some students, issues related to values, personal feelings, and societal norms are constructs for discussions and are as such viewed as being influenced by the manner in which morality taught or experienced in schools, churches, and social institution settings. Moral education will be meant to reduce criminal and deviant behaviors among students. Moral character is required in schools because many parents do not teach their children morality issues.
The health and nutrition initiative is meant to improve the physical and mental well being of students. This initiative has the potential to improve the quality of students’ urban life, strengthen the ability of poor children to excel in their studies, and to compensate them for the substandard home and school environments spawned by competitive, inequitable social order. Health and nutritional initiatives will be strengthened through planning and introducing curriculum on nutrition with educational activities. These will include physical activities, which are combined with the farm to school programs that motivate students to consume healthy diets. Indeed, the hybrid school-based nutritional programs have major influence on attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors associated with fruits and vegetable consumption diffused throughout a bigger urban community (Dudley Cotton & Peralta, 2015). This hybrid intervention includes combining district stra.
School Based Mindfulness Interventions Within a Response to Intervention Fram...Innovations2Solutions
Public education is continually evolving to best meet the academic and social-emotional needs of an increasingly diverse student population. A major driving force for this change is the No Child Left Behind Act (2001), which holds schools and teachers accountable for student performance on standardized tests in reading, math, and science. In order to academically prepare students for these high-stakes tests, 43 states have adopted
the Common Core Standards. These standards hold students to a high level of performance in language arts and math that is designed to prepare them for career and college readiness. While the Common Core Standards provide a universal framework for academic standards across the United States, there is
no comparable measure for social-emotional learning standards despite the fact that approximately one in five children and adolescents either currently experience or will experience mental health issues that warrant intervention. These types of issues include both internalizing conditions such as anxiety and depression and externalizing conditions such as Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. These disorders present a wide variety of challenges and adverse side effects for individuals who suffer from them. Some
of these negative side effects include lower academic achievement higher school dropout rates and negative peer relationships.
A Review of Published, Evidence-based Research in Effectively Applying a Stre...Leila Pirnia
A review of published, evidence-based research in effectively applying a strengths-based approach in the development of twice-exceptional school-age children. Twice-exceptionality (or 2e) is defined as "students who demonstrate gifts and talents but also have a disability are known as twice-exceptional and do not fit the stereotypical characteristics of students with a disability or giftedness."
The research on utilizing strength-based strategies when working with twice-exceptional children offers concrete recommendations and best-practice guidelines for parents, educators, and counselors. These empirically-researched recommendations can be grouped and synthesized into the following general themes: 1) development of positive adult relationships, 2) development of strengths and talents, and 3) accommodation of multiple learning styles.
EDD614ASSIGNMENTCASE2Trident International University .docxbudabrooks46239
EDD614ASSIGNMENTCASE2
Trident International University
James Newton
EDD 614
Assignment Case 2
Dr. James Hodges
February 10, 2020
“Impact of Poverty on the Education Success of Children”
Background
Education is one of the most fundamental rights across the world. However, access to education continues to vary cross different communities, cultures and ethnic backgrounds. Numerous studies have attempted to explore the causes of variations in access and successful educational outcomes across different groups of people. Riedi, Dawn and Kim (2017) state that learners with the capacity to deliver high academic performance exist in all income levels across the United States. Nonetheless, the success rates of learners from low-income backgrounds continue to be lower than their wealthy counterparts. While the dropout rates have reduced phenomenally from low-income neighborhoods, children from wealthy families still register the lowest dropout rates. Level of income coupled with gender factors may also play a role in school dropout rates or low academic performance for children from poor backgrounds. A longitudinal qualitative study undertaken by Ramanaik et al. (2018) found that for many poor families, girls’ domestic tasks came at the cost of schooling with greater concerns regarding the need to safeguard their sexual purity. Furthermore, with the rising desire of the girls’ educational and career goals, parents often encourage girls’ agencies to communicate openly both at home and in school. Children from poor households are also less motivated to work harder in school compared to their contemporaries from wealthy backgrounds. Friels (2016) observes that scholars have tried to make efforts towards exploring the influence of poverty on student success. According to Friels (2016), a combination of factors such as poverty, race and ethnicity have been the defining indicators of student academic attainment. For instance, African American children from low-income neighborhoods continue to face challenges such as low classroom attendance and dropout rates compared to their peers from financial stable backgrounds. In light of the above, this qualitative study will investigate the effects of poverty on educational success in children.
Research Problem
The indicators of academic achievements are often widely recognized across different sides of the scholarly divide. They include hard work, student competence and abilities, school culture, as well as teachers’ competencies. While these factors have been expansively identified and explored by scholars, one major area of research has often been overlooked: the extent to which poverty or level of income impacts educational outcomes for children. Renth, Buckley and Pucher (2015) observe that even though studies exist on this problematic area of knowledge, there have been minimal qualitative explorations on the influence of poverty on children’s educational outcomes. For instance, major qualit.
Test-Anxiety and Self-Esteem as a Predictor of Secondary School Students’ Aca...inventionjournals
This study investigated test-anxiety and self-esteem as a predictor of secondary school students’ academic self-efficacy in Ekiti State. It also examined the relationship betweenthe twopsycho-social factors (self-esteem and test-anxiety) and students’ academic self - efficacy. The study employed the descriptive research design of the survey type. The population consisted of all students from the public secondary schools in Ekiti central senatorial district of Ekiti State. The sample for this study was 200 students which were selected from four secondary schools using Multistage Sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire tagged “Psychosocial Factors and Students’ Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PFSASEQ)” was used to collect relevant data for the study. The face and content validity of the instrument was determined by experts of Test and Measurements and researcher’s supervisor. It was said to have facial relevance and concerned with the subject matter, the instrument claim to measure. The hypotheses postulated were subjected to inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis. All the hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance.The findings of the study revealed that there was significant relationship between test-anxiety, self – esteem and students’ academic self – efficacy. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that students self-esteem can be enhanced and test-anxiety reduced by creating an enabling environment for mentoring where they can practice assertiveness skills which will in turn boost their confidence to perform all academic tasks successfully .
The study sought to investigate the effect of individual counselling on academic performance of underachievers’ pupil in Maimusari Public Primary School, Jere local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to examine the nature and causes of underachievement in Maimusari Public Primary School, also the effect of individual counselling on academic performance of the underachievers’ pupil. Based on these objectives, two research questions and one null hypothesis were answered and tested respectively. Quasi-experimental design was used for the study. Twenty-two underachieving pupils were purposively sampled from the population of the study. Both questionnaire and interview were used as method of data collection; Effect of Individual Counselling on Underachievers in Public Primary Schools (EICUPPS) and interview schedule. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study discovered that coming late to school, not having complete learning material, depression, anxiety and teachers attitude in the classroom were the major causes of underachievement in Maimusari primary school. The study also revealed that individual counselling has helped the pupils in overcoming their learning barriers. It is therefore, concluded that individual counselling has significant effect on underachievement among pupils of public primary school in Maiduguri, Borno State. It is recommended among others that class teachers need to be oriented on how to identify underachieving pupils in their various classes and inform the appropriate authority for proper management.
Assignment Content1. Top of FormProfessional dispositions ha.docxbraycarissa250
Assignment Content
1.
Top of Form
Professional dispositions have been defined as the “values, commitments, and professional ethics that influence behavior toward candidates, families, colleagues and communities and affect candidate learning, motivation and development as well as the educator’s own professional growth” (NCATE, 2000).
Dispositions can also be described as attitudes and beliefs about counseling, as well as professional conduct and behavior. Not all dispositions can be directly assessed, but aspects of professional behavior are assessed during classes and field experiences in counseling settings.
Review the Master of Science in Counseling Professional Dispositions.
To prepare for professional dispositions assessments in this program, write a 700 word paper in which you:
· Reflect on your personal strengths in connection to the dispositions. Support your ideas with examples.
· Identify areas for personal growth in connection to the dispositions. Support your ideas with examples.
· Outline an action plan for developing the identified areas for personal growth.
· Describe why it is important to adhere to the dispositions. How do they support professionalism in counseling? How do they make a counselor effective?
Format your assignment according to course-level APA guidelines.
Bottom of Form
The title for this Special Section is Developmental Research and Translational
Science: Evidence-Based Interventions for At-Risk Youth and Families, edited by
Suniya S. Luthar and Nancy Eisenberg
Processes of Early Childhood Interventions to Adult Well-Being
Arthur J. Reynolds, Suh-Ruu Ou, Christina F. Mondi, and Momoko Hayakawa
University of Minnesota
This article describes the contributions of cognitive–scholastic advantage, family support behavior, and school
quality and support as processes through which early childhood interventions promote well-being. Evidence
in support of these processes is from longitudinal cohort studies of the Child–Parent Centers and other pre-
ventive interventions beginning by age 4. Relatively large effects of participation have been documented for
school readiness skills at age 5, parent involvement, K-12 achievement, remedial education, educational attain-
ment, and crime prevention. The three processes account for up to half of the program impacts on well-being.
They also help to explain the positive economic returns of many effective programs. The generalizability of
these processes is supported by a sizable knowledge base, including a scale up of the Child–Parent Centers.
Growing evidence that early childhood experiences
can improve adult well-being and reduce educa-
tional disparities has increased attention to preven-
tion (Braveman & Gottlieb, 2014; Power, Kuh, &
Morton, 2013). Early disparities between high- and
low-income groups are evident in school readiness
skills, which increase substantially over time in
rates of achievement proficiency, delinquency, and
educational attainment (Braveman ...
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
3. Background of the Study
Poor nutrition, obesity, and hunger are among issues that
young people encounter when it comes to food. Nutrition is a
critical component of human life, health, and development
throughout the lifespan. Proper diet and nutrition are vital for
survival, physical growth, mental development, performance
and productivity, health, and well-being from the earliest
stages of fetal development to birth, adulthood, and old life
(FAO/WHO, 1992, WHO 2000). More so, nutrition has an
indirect effect on academic achievement. Poor nutrition can
make students sick or cause headaches and stomachaches,
resulting in missed school days (Rotimi, 2012).
4. Background of the Study
Chinyoka (2014) also discovered that hungry and
undernourished students are unable to take physical
work and sports seriously, are less likely to attend
school, and, if they do, are less able to concentrate and
learn. Nutritional gardens should be introduced at the
community, school, and family levels in the future. It is
critical to address the core causes of malnutrition (such
as food insecurity, poverty, population expansion, and
socio-economic instability) in order to achieve long-
term malnutrition reductions.
5. Background of the Study
Based on the estimated r value, which was smaller than the
tabular value of 0.349 at a 5% level of significance, Beredo
(2019) found a minor negative connection between weight and
academic performance. Because the obtained chi-square value
was less than the tabular value of 9.488 at a 5% level of
significance, the chi-square value between nutritional status and
academic performance was deemed to be inconsequential. As a
result, the researcher suggests that the School-Based Feeding
Program be continued and strengthened. Furthermore,
encouraging active participation of parents, communities, and
local government in the implementation of increased school
nutrition practices is advocated.
6. Background of the Study
This necessitates the researcher to further
investigate the relationship between the
food nutritional intake and academic
performance of students.
7. Statement of the Problem
The study Food Nutritional Intake and Academic
Performance of Students aims to identify the relationship of
the food intake of students and their academic performance.
The following are the research questions that needs to be
investigated.
1. What are the profiles of the student base on:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Weight;
1.3 Nutritional Status (based on BMI); and
1.4 Socioeconomic Status
8. Statement of the Problem
2. What is the academic performance of students base on:
2.1 Grades;
2.2 Behaviour; and
2.3 Learning Comprehension
3. Is there a significant relationship between food nutritional
intake and the academic performance of students?
4. What intervention can be proposed to improve the
nutritional status and enhance the academic performance of
the students?
9. Hypothesis
Ho – There is no significant
relationship between the food
nutritional intake and the academic
performance of students.
10. Review of Related Literature
In this chapter, the researchers will discuss the related
literature and studies of the major variables and the minor
variables, as well as the theories that will be used to further
understand this research. The conceptual framework,
conceptual paradigm and the definition of terms are as well,
discussed within this chapter. The following related literature
and studies used in this study are compiled and are
reviewed. This aims to provide additional information and
understanding about the study.
11. Food Nutritional Intake
According to the EFA Global Monitoring Report (UNESCO
2011), more than a quarter of children under the age of
fifteen are underweight as a result of poor diet and
malnutrition, making them more susceptible to sickness and
less able to focus at school. Malnutrition is a chronic disorder
that results from the over- or under-consumption of one or
more important macro- or micronutrients in relation to the
individual's physiological and pathological requirements
(Ecker and Nene 2012).
12. Food Nutritional Intake
Body Mass Index
The BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms
by the square of their height in meters. BMI is a simple and
economical way of determining weight categories such as
underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obesity. Although
BMI does not directly measure body fat, it is marginally
associated with more direct measures. In addition, BMI appears
to be just as closely linked to many metabolic and illness
outcomes as these more direct measures of body fatness
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).
13. Academic Performance
Academic performance is a way to measure a student’s
achievement in different academic subjects and is measured
by either the teacher or other education officials by assessing
the factors such as classroom performance, graduation rates,
and results from standardized tests (Balotpedia, 2019). It
started in 1830, when Horace Mann and Samuel Gridley
Howe, the education advocates, measured the progress of
the students in Boston using a standardized test. Many
professors and education advocates have adopted and
improved this strategy, which has led to today’s generation
that has numerous tests and ways to measure academic
performance.
14. Academic Performance
Grades
Grade was defined as the way of rating quality, worth, rank, or
order of things; even simply how well an individual performed
(Your Dictionary, 2014). It was usually represented by numerical
values and follows certain set of rules called grading systems.
According to Reddy (2019), grading system was use to assess
educational performance of a student that is based merely on
points. The author bravely stated that grading systems does not
enable students to think outside of the box, in a way it becomes a
hindrance for the students to think freely in its widest ranges. On
the other hand, many countries have been using grading systems
for it promised strong and based on input grades.
15. Academic Performance
Behaviour
Behavior was defined to be an individual or group of individual’s
response to action, environment, person or stimulus (Business
Dictionary, 2019). It is a way which one individual act or conducts
his or herself, with or without the presence of other people
(Google Dictionary, 2019). In this study it was an indicator under
academic performance that is seen to be influenced by eustress.
As knowing that behavior is the response of an individual to
different stimulus, it was associated with academic performance
because the response of a student from the inputs of information
given by the educators or teacher is the seen as behavior.
16. Academic Performance
Learning Comprehension
Learning Comprehension is the ability to understand completely and
be familiar with the situation, facts, and etc. (Cambridge Dictionary,
2019). It is the ability of an individual to decode the meaning behind
text, visual images, spoken words, and any media. In learning,
comprehension is much needed; schools tend to guide and monitor
the students’ comprehension through assessments and tests. Even
periodically given examinations composed of questions that requires
comprehension. It was a skill that schools aims to hone, for it will
soon develop into having the skills in critical thinking that makes an
individual fully equip. Comprehension is also defined as the correct
association of meaning towards certain word symbols, and the ability
to grasp the whole idea from combined details of information
(Psychology Discussion, 2019).
17. Review of Related Literature
The aforementioned variables and their specific
indicators are needed to fully investigate the
relationship between food nutritional intake and
academic performance of students. The Literatures
and Related Studies obtained will aid the
researchers in strengthening their claim in the later
part of this paper.
18. Theoretical Framework
The foundation of this research is Abraham Maslow's theory
of needs. Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs hypothesis,
with fundamental needs at the bottom and higher
requirements at the top (physiological, safety, love, esteem,
cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualisation and transcendence
needs). The deficiency needs, or d-needs, are found in the
first four tiers of Maslow's pyramid; if they are met, the
individual does not feel anything, but if they are not met, the
individual feels worried (Snowman & Biehler 2011:79).
Growth needs, also known as being needs or B-needs, are
needs that go beyond the D-needs.
19. Theoretical Framework
They do not dissipate once they have been satisfied; rather,
they become more motivated. Mwamwenda (2010) proposed
a need hierarchy based on two categories: physiological and
psychological requirements. Maslow's hypothesis is based
on the idea that people try to satisfy their wants in a logical
order, starting with the most fundamental physiological
demands and working their way up the hierarchy. He thought
that higher-level needs could only be met if lower-level
requirements were met first. A hungry youngster, for
example, is unlikely to be driven to self-actualize until her
hunger is met.
21. Conceptual Framework
PREDICTOR
Profiles of the student base
on:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Weight;
1.3 Nutritional
Status (based on
BMI); and
1.4 Socioeconomic
Status
CRITERION
Academic performance of
students base on:
2.1 Grades;
2.2 Behaviour; and
2.3 Learning
Comprehension
Figure 1.2. Relationship of Food Nutritional Intake and Academic
Performance of Students
22. Conceptual Framework
Figure 1.2 shows the relationship between food
nutritional intake and academic performance of
students. Both datas will be gathered in terms of:
For the predictor, Age; Weight; Nutritional Status
(BMI); and socioeconomic status. As for the
criterion, Grades; Behaviour; and Learning
Comprehension.
23. Significance of the Study
This study will be beneficial to the following:
Students. The analyzed data will be beneficial for them to
know how proper nutrition can affect their academic
performance. This will promote balanced diet among young
individuals.
School. As they will be able to incorporate their students
academic performance to their nutritional status and could
take action in promoting proper nutrition.
24. Significance of the Study
Researchers. The results will be beneficial
for researches as this will contain additional
data for their future study about food
nutrition. Thus, serving a basis for
fundamental researches.
25. Definition of Terms
The following terms are used in the study with their
corresponding definitions:
Nutrition. the process of providing or obtaining the food
necessary for health and growth (Oxford Languages).
Body Mass Index. Is a simple and economical way of
determining weight categories such as underweight, healthy
weight, overweight, and obesity (CDC).
Academic Performance. A way to measure a student’s
achievement in different academic subjects and is measured
by either the teacher or other education officials by assessing
the factors such as classroom performance, graduation rates,
and results from standardized tests (Balotpedia, 2019).
26. References
Balotpedia. (2019). Academic Performance. Retrieved from:
https://ballotpedia.org/Academic_performance
Beredo. 2019. Nutritional Status and Its Impact on Academic Performance of Selected Grade 8 Students.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1254/1/012013
Cambridge Dictionary. (2019). Comprehension. Retrieved from
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/comprehension
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html
Chinyoka. (2014). Impact of Poor Nutrition on the Academic Performance of Grade Seven learners: A Case of
Zimbabwe. International Journal of Learning and Development. 4. 73. 10.5296/ijld.v4i3.6169.
Ecker and Nene. 2012. Nutrition policies in developing countries: Challenges and highlights. Policy Note 1.
Washington DC, International Food Policy Research Institute. Fanzo, J. 2012. The nutrition challenge in Sub-
Saharan Africa. Human Development Report: UNDP.
Psychology Discussion. (2019). Comprehension: Meaning and Types / Psychology. Retrieved
from http://www.psychologydiscussion.net/ social-psychology-2/language/comprehension-meaning-
and-types-psych ology/1394
Reddy, F. (2019) Roles of Grades in Motivating Students to Learn. Journal of Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences. Vol. 4 No. 2
Rotimi, 2012, The Effects of Nutrition on Student’s Academic Performance among Secondary Schools
Student's in Owo Local Government Area of Ondo State, Munich, GRIN Verlag, Retrieved from
https://www.grin.com/document/493702