This document provides an overview of the Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) program for agricultural students in India. Some key points:
- RAWE is a mandatory program for final year agricultural students aimed at providing practical, rural experience. It involves students living and working in villages.
- The objectives are to familiarize students with rural life, understand farmers' socioeconomic conditions and problems, develop problem-solving skills, and learn extension methods.
- During RAWE, students are divided into groups and assigned villages. They conduct activities like Participatory Rural Appraisal to understand the local situation.
- The document outlines the various techniques used in PRA and provides context about the district of Unnao where students
Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
Youth are precious assets for any country who have enormous potential to trigger the science development. In the agrarian country like India where around 75% youth population is living in rural areas, youth can be the key player for agricultural development.
Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
Youth are precious assets for any country who have enormous potential to trigger the science development. In the agrarian country like India where around 75% youth population is living in rural areas, youth can be the key player for agricultural development.
The term rural development is of focal interest and is widely acclaimed in both the developed
and developing countries like India. In the Indian context rural development assumes special
significance for two important reasons. First about two thirds of the population still lives in
villages and there cannot be any progress so long as rural areas remain backward. Second, the
backwardness of the rural sector would be a major impediment to the overall progress of the
economy. Poverty in rural areas has remained by and large, the main focal point of governments
and development agencies. Sustainable rural development is the most effective way to
eliminate this curse. Aim of this paper is to study the relation between agriculture and rural
development, role of agriculture in sustainable rural development. Some tools for sustainable
rural development are also proposed.
The sustainable development of rural areas in India is a critical challenge, given the complexity
of the issues involved. This study aims to explore the concept of sustainable rural development,
its underlying principles, and its potential applications in the Indian context.
The study employs a qualitative research approach, drawing on data from secondary sources
such as academic articles, government reports, and policy documents. The analysis identifies
several key drivers of sustainable rural development, including community participation,
environmental conservation, and economic diversification.
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a program for imparting quality, practical & production oriented for Agriculture Graduates .
RAWE is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992) recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) program for imparting quality, practical
and production oriented education for agriculture degree program.
Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club...AI Publications
This study focused on the Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club for Food Security in Rivers State. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of this study comprised eleven (11) and thirteen (13) Agricultural Educators in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education respectively. Due to the fact that the population was manageable, the entire population was adopted for this study, hence, there was no sampling technique adopted for this study. The instrument used in collecting data was a survey questionnaire titled "Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club" which was structured in four-point rating scale of agreement. This instrument was subjected to face validity by two experts in the Department of Agricultural Education in Rivers State University. Thereafter, Cronbach Alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. The reliability coefficient achieved was 0.82. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistical tool was used to test the hypotheses. This study found that Agricultural Education Programme could revamp young farmers club through conducting orientation programs for new students on young farmers club, organizing symposium on importance of young farmers club, organizing conferences on young farmers club, organizing seminars on young farmers club and advertorial on young farmers club. Provision of educational support by: conducting practical for members, equipping future farmers susceptible to new ideas and modern practice, extension training on entrepreneurship, providing vital information to boost the interest of potential farmers, extension training on leadership, introducing potential farmers to farmers cooperative, creating and coordinating communication of agricultural potentials, by motivating members through allotment of time for young farmers club meetings, regular visit of agricultural educators to young farmers club meetings, supervision among others. It was recommended that there should be orientation programme for every year one student in the Department of Agricultural Education so that they could be abreast with the benefits of becoming member of young farmers club. If this is done, it will help to increase the number of students in the club.
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Agriculture Development Programme’s / Scheme’s in India (2000 to 2013)Sunil Kr. Meena
SRI KARAN NARENDRA AGRICULTRE UNIVERSITY, JOBNER (JAIPUR)
SKN COLLGEE OF AGRICULTURE, JOBNER
Credit Seminar
on
Agriculture Development Programme / Scheme in India
(2000 to 2013)
Submitted to,
Dr. J. P. Yadav
Seminar Incharge & Professor
Department of Extension Education
SKN COA, Jobner (Jaipur)
Submitted by,
Sunil K. Meena
PhD Scholar (Second Year)
Dept. of Extension Education, SKNCOA Jobner
DEPARTMENT OF EXTENSION EDUCATION
SKNAU, JOBNER (JAIPUR)
2021-22
Agriculture Development Programme’s / Scheme’s in India
(2000 to 2013)
Terminology:
Agriculture is the the science, art, or occupation concerned with cultivating land, raising crops, and feeding, breeding, and raising livestock; farming. the production of crops, livestock, or poultry etc.
What is development: development can be defined as bringing about social change that allows people to achieve their human potential. ... Furthermore, development is often regarded as something that is done by one group (such as a development agency) to another (such as rural farmers in a developing country).
What is Programme: The word 'programme' has several distinct meanings in the dictionary. It means a proclamation, a prospectus, a list of events, a plan of procedures, a course of action prepared or announced beforehand, a logical sequence of operations to be performed in solving a problem. When used by an organisation, it means a prospectus or a statement issued to promote understanding and interest in an enterprise.
Development Programme: The process of formulating, improving, and expanding educational, managerial, or service-oriented work plans (excluding computer program development).
Scheme: an official plan or system for doing or organizing something
Policy: a plan of action agreed or chosen by a government, a company, etc.
Introduction:
The Government has been, since country’s independence, formulating policies, programs, projects and schemes and investing significant financial resources through every Five-Year Plan to accelerate the rural development. All these programs and schemes being implemented by the concerned ministries and departments of the union and state governments in the area of education, health, drinking water, sanitation, transport and communication and supporting infrastructure, among others, have shown varying degree of response and performance at the grassroots level, and of course, much less than expected in respect of measurable indicators of human development index. In the context of India being emerging as a strong economy and committed to bring about a rapid and sustainable economic growth through various reforms, the rural development programs must sharply focus on people’s participation and rural organizations as the key attributes for their success accompanied by equally important aspects, inter alia, concept of integrated development, planning process, Growth Center Approach, management inputs, communication system and supporting Management Informati
Discover Your Path in Agriculture at the Best College | Unleash your potential in the agricultural industry with our top-rated college. Experience expert faculty, cutting-edge facilities, and hands-on learning. Choose the best agriculture college for a successful future. Apply today
Discover Your Path in Agriculture at the Best College | Unleash your potential in the agricultural industry with our top-rated college. Experience expert faculty, cutting-edge facilities, and hands-on learning. Choose the best agriculture college for a successful future. Apply today
Bridging the Gap: The Impact of Agricultural Institutes in IndiaRoyal Institute
India, with its vast agricultural land and significant rural population, relies heavily on the agricultural sector for economic growth and sustenance. To ensure the development and modernization of this vital sector, numerous agricultural institutes have emerged across the country. Among these, the Royal Institute of Competition (RIC) stands out as a leading force, driving advancements in the Agriculture Institute in India through cutting-edge research, education, and sustainable practices. In this article, we explore the crucial role played by agricultural institutes in India and delve into the significant contributions made by the Royal Institute of Competition to transform the agricultural landscape.
The term rural development is of focal interest and is widely acclaimed in both the developed
and developing countries like India. In the Indian context rural development assumes special
significance for two important reasons. First about two thirds of the population still lives in
villages and there cannot be any progress so long as rural areas remain backward. Second, the
backwardness of the rural sector would be a major impediment to the overall progress of the
economy. Poverty in rural areas has remained by and large, the main focal point of governments
and development agencies. Sustainable rural development is the most effective way to
eliminate this curse. Aim of this paper is to study the relation between agriculture and rural
development, role of agriculture in sustainable rural development. Some tools for sustainable
rural development are also proposed.
The sustainable development of rural areas in India is a critical challenge, given the complexity
of the issues involved. This study aims to explore the concept of sustainable rural development,
its underlying principles, and its potential applications in the Indian context.
The study employs a qualitative research approach, drawing on data from secondary sources
such as academic articles, government reports, and policy documents. The analysis identifies
several key drivers of sustainable rural development, including community participation,
environmental conservation, and economic diversification.
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a program for imparting quality, practical & production oriented for Agriculture Graduates .
RAWE is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992) recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) program for imparting quality, practical
and production oriented education for agriculture degree program.
Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club...AI Publications
This study focused on the Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club for Food Security in Rivers State. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of this study comprised eleven (11) and thirteen (13) Agricultural Educators in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education respectively. Due to the fact that the population was manageable, the entire population was adopted for this study, hence, there was no sampling technique adopted for this study. The instrument used in collecting data was a survey questionnaire titled "Influence of Agricultural Education Programme in Revamping Young Farmers Club" which was structured in four-point rating scale of agreement. This instrument was subjected to face validity by two experts in the Department of Agricultural Education in Rivers State University. Thereafter, Cronbach Alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. The reliability coefficient achieved was 0.82. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistical tool was used to test the hypotheses. This study found that Agricultural Education Programme could revamp young farmers club through conducting orientation programs for new students on young farmers club, organizing symposium on importance of young farmers club, organizing conferences on young farmers club, organizing seminars on young farmers club and advertorial on young farmers club. Provision of educational support by: conducting practical for members, equipping future farmers susceptible to new ideas and modern practice, extension training on entrepreneurship, providing vital information to boost the interest of potential farmers, extension training on leadership, introducing potential farmers to farmers cooperative, creating and coordinating communication of agricultural potentials, by motivating members through allotment of time for young farmers club meetings, regular visit of agricultural educators to young farmers club meetings, supervision among others. It was recommended that there should be orientation programme for every year one student in the Department of Agricultural Education so that they could be abreast with the benefits of becoming member of young farmers club. If this is done, it will help to increase the number of students in the club.
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Agriculture Development Programme’s / Scheme’s in India (2000 to 2013)Sunil Kr. Meena
SRI KARAN NARENDRA AGRICULTRE UNIVERSITY, JOBNER (JAIPUR)
SKN COLLGEE OF AGRICULTURE, JOBNER
Credit Seminar
on
Agriculture Development Programme / Scheme in India
(2000 to 2013)
Submitted to,
Dr. J. P. Yadav
Seminar Incharge & Professor
Department of Extension Education
SKN COA, Jobner (Jaipur)
Submitted by,
Sunil K. Meena
PhD Scholar (Second Year)
Dept. of Extension Education, SKNCOA Jobner
DEPARTMENT OF EXTENSION EDUCATION
SKNAU, JOBNER (JAIPUR)
2021-22
Agriculture Development Programme’s / Scheme’s in India
(2000 to 2013)
Terminology:
Agriculture is the the science, art, or occupation concerned with cultivating land, raising crops, and feeding, breeding, and raising livestock; farming. the production of crops, livestock, or poultry etc.
What is development: development can be defined as bringing about social change that allows people to achieve their human potential. ... Furthermore, development is often regarded as something that is done by one group (such as a development agency) to another (such as rural farmers in a developing country).
What is Programme: The word 'programme' has several distinct meanings in the dictionary. It means a proclamation, a prospectus, a list of events, a plan of procedures, a course of action prepared or announced beforehand, a logical sequence of operations to be performed in solving a problem. When used by an organisation, it means a prospectus or a statement issued to promote understanding and interest in an enterprise.
Development Programme: The process of formulating, improving, and expanding educational, managerial, or service-oriented work plans (excluding computer program development).
Scheme: an official plan or system for doing or organizing something
Policy: a plan of action agreed or chosen by a government, a company, etc.
Introduction:
The Government has been, since country’s independence, formulating policies, programs, projects and schemes and investing significant financial resources through every Five-Year Plan to accelerate the rural development. All these programs and schemes being implemented by the concerned ministries and departments of the union and state governments in the area of education, health, drinking water, sanitation, transport and communication and supporting infrastructure, among others, have shown varying degree of response and performance at the grassroots level, and of course, much less than expected in respect of measurable indicators of human development index. In the context of India being emerging as a strong economy and committed to bring about a rapid and sustainable economic growth through various reforms, the rural development programs must sharply focus on people’s participation and rural organizations as the key attributes for their success accompanied by equally important aspects, inter alia, concept of integrated development, planning process, Growth Center Approach, management inputs, communication system and supporting Management Informati
Discover Your Path in Agriculture at the Best College | Unleash your potential in the agricultural industry with our top-rated college. Experience expert faculty, cutting-edge facilities, and hands-on learning. Choose the best agriculture college for a successful future. Apply today
Discover Your Path in Agriculture at the Best College | Unleash your potential in the agricultural industry with our top-rated college. Experience expert faculty, cutting-edge facilities, and hands-on learning. Choose the best agriculture college for a successful future. Apply today
Bridging the Gap: The Impact of Agricultural Institutes in IndiaRoyal Institute
India, with its vast agricultural land and significant rural population, relies heavily on the agricultural sector for economic growth and sustenance. To ensure the development and modernization of this vital sector, numerous agricultural institutes have emerged across the country. Among these, the Royal Institute of Competition (RIC) stands out as a leading force, driving advancements in the Agriculture Institute in India through cutting-edge research, education, and sustainable practices. In this article, we explore the crucial role played by agricultural institutes in India and delve into the significant contributions made by the Royal Institute of Competition to transform the agricultural landscape.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technology
agricuture.docx
1. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 1
INTRODUCTION
As we are listening from eras that the agriculture is the backbone of a country. It provides
not only food, medicine, money and shelter but also teaches the way of life. Specially the
country like India where about 70 percent population lives in villages and depend only on
agriculture and its allied activities, of course it is the way of life. A farmer from a village spends
more time of his life on field than on his home. He wakes up in morning and firstly searches his
agricultural equipments like sickle, trowel etc. and then do anything. The farmers mostly reside
in rural areas hence, development of our country cannot be possible without strengthening the
socio-economic conditions under which a rural farmer works.
Agricultural Sciences and Technology are evolving and advancing to face a variety of
challenges and problems. Hence, there is a need to provide an opportunity for people to
understand that agriculture is not limited to farming alone; it's a sustainable way of life.
Agriculture plays a crucialrole in the economy and well-being of a society.
Agricultural Education is very important for our country. Agricultural Education
involves more than just teaching students the basics of farming and rearing livestock. As
agriculture graduates, we should to experience the life of farmers, villages of our country and
its socio- economic behaviour. Agricultural education should be given a rural setting, so that it
includes direct participation and experience with agricultural life and practice under RAWE
(RURAL AGRICULTURE WORK EXPERIENCE) program.
The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) programme is a flagship activity for
the final year B.Sc. (Ag.) students during the last semester. Building self-confidence in the
agricultural graduates by honing their professional skills is the key objective of introducing
RAWE at the under graduate level by ICAR. Accordingly, this semester-long programme has
been evolved.
Naturally, the formal education, which is imparted to agricultural graduates within the
four wallsof University campus, is not enough. Mere acquisition of knowledge will be futile if
it is not applied in practical field situation. An old Chinese proverb conveys us “If I hear I
forget, if I see I remember, if I do I know”. So, it is evident that we will be practically strong
and competent by working in the village,by interacting with the farmers to gather some idea
about indigenous technology of the farmers which is why Rural Agricultural Work Experience
(RAWE) has become an integral part of the course curriculum in undergraduate programme in
agricultural education.
2. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 2
It gives us the opportunity to analyse the rural social situation, farm situation, standard of living
of age-old tillers of soil, socio-economic standard of farmers, their joy and sorrow. All such
analyses willprovide a „bench mark‟ about farmers need. Need based field oriented technology
will be evolved in collaboration with farmers indigenous technology which will be beneficial
for them.
3. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 3
RAWE- An Overview
RAWE ( Rural Agriculture Work Experience) program is a part of Student READY (Rural
Entrepreneurship Awareness Development Yojana) programme aims to provide rural
entrepreneurship awareness, practical experience in real-life situation in rural agriculture
and creating awareness to undergraduate students about practical agriculture and allied
sciences.
READY programme is a new initiative of Indian Council of Agricultural Research to
reorient graduates of Agriculture and allied subjects for ensuring and assuring employability
and develop entrepreneurs for emerging knowledge-intensive agriculture.
The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) provides exposure to agricultural
students to the natural setting of the village situations, work with the farm families,
identify their problemsand make use of various extension tools for transferring the latest
agricultural technologies. Rural Awareness Works Experience enable the students to gain
rural experience, give them confidence and enhance on farm problem solving abilities in
real life situations, especially in contact with farmers, growers, etc.
In India, Randhawa Committee (1992) recommended the Rural Agriculture Work
Experience (RAWE) programme for imparting quality, practical and production oriented
education for agriculture degree programme.
The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) is being conducted in the 7th
semester. In
this program, all the students are divided inti different groups are assigned to carry out
different activities under the proper guidance from our respected teachers know as
supervisors and also withthe coordinators co operations and participations of villagers.
Here participatory rural appraisal (PRA) technique is conducted to gain experience. So we
were required to carry out the exercises in the assigned village with help of the villagers and
submit our report through different maps.
4. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 4
Objectives of RAWE-
To provide opportunity to the students to understand the rural situation in relation to
agricultureand allied activities.
To make the students familiar with socioeconomic conditions of the farmers and their problems.
To impart diagnostic and remedial knowledge to the students relevant to real field
situationsthrough practical training.
To develop effective communication skills of students with farmers using latest extension
methodologies in transfer of technology.
To develop confidence and competence among students to solve complex agricultural problems.
To acquaint students with on-going extension and rural development programmes.
Importance of RAWE-
This RAWE provide us with an opportunity to gain exposure and diverse sector working
in the village such as Agriculture, Public Health and Sanitation etc. It also provides an
opportunity to interact with villagers and interactions help us to understand their
hardships, problems and intricacies of agriculture.
To understand the important principles of agronomy related to cropping systems, tillage,
crop establishment, nutrient management, water management, weed management, pest
and disease management, harvesting and storage.
This initiates awareness understanding and skills among the students with special
reference to the scientific model of "Integrated Development of Agriculture" i.e. crop
husbandry, horticulture, agro forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, poultry, dairying,
agro-based industries, processing and marketing etc.
RAWE familiarizes the students with the rural socio-economic conditions.
To develop communication skills among the students using extension teaching
methods intransfer of technology.
To sensitize the students regarding agricultural technologies, used by farmers and to
preparealternate farm plans according to the local situation in consultation with the
farmers.
RAWE make the students understand the rural community life and the prevailing situation.
5. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 5
ORIENTATION
Our ten days RAWE Orientation Programme was organized from September 14, 2022
to September 22, 2022 by the Department Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural
Science and Technology (IIAST), as per the directives of Fifth Dean committee of Agricultural
Education Divisionof Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The main aim of this Student
READY programme is to provide rural entrepreneurship awareness, practical experience in
real-life situations in rural agriculture and creating awareness regarding Agriculture and allied
sciences.
During this orientation event, renowned speakers from various Agricultural backgrounds
and Agro-industrial sectors interacted with us and gave us an overview of employability and
opportunities in the field of Agriculture.
The members of the RAWE committee Dr. Malik Mobeen, Dr. Khalid Habib, Dr.
Faria Fatima, Mr. Nadeem Khan, Dr. Ayush Bhushan, Mr. Sunil Kumar enthusiastically
organised the whole event under the guidance of Prof. Mohd. Haris Siddiqui, Dean Faculty of
Agricultural Science and Technology and Dr. Saba Siddiqui, Head, Department of
Agriculture.
The details of the one-week orientation program is as under:
6. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 6
DAY-1
Dr. Saba Siddiqui, Head, Department of Agriculture welcomed the participants and
encouragedthem to participate in their new program, which would provide them the chance
to learn about the conventional practices and how modern approaches may bring changes.
Dr. M S Khan, Project Manager, Centre for Agriculture and Rural Development,
Lucknow, discussed on “Orientation of AC and ABC Scheme” and provided information on
current agriculturalschemes operated by the Central government, the use of Agri-clinics, and
agricultural entrepreneurship. Additionally, he exhorted the students to apply for NABARD
Schemes, which willhelp them promote sustainable and agricultural development via
collaborative financial and non- financial interventions, technological advancements, and
institutional growth for safeguarding prosperity.
7. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 7
DAY-2
Dr V.K Singh, SMS- Plant Protection, KVK, Sitapur I presented a cutting-edge presentation
on “Integrated pest management” in which he covered the evolution of agricultural strategies
from basic methods to very specific ones. He underlined the value of Integrated Pest
Management Techniques and the current state of agricultural technology used by farmers. He
also urged the students tocomprehend the challenges faced by farmers and adopt a mindset for
reducing disease incidence in rural areas.
Mr. Sagar Chandra, Mushroom Training Centre, Kapoorthala familiarized the students
with “Vertical farming of mushroom”. He concentrated on the usage of mushrooms and related
items with pertinent Agro-industry elements. He outlined the significance of various
mushrooms and how they may assist to boost the Indian economy. His speech focused on the
8. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 8
value of mushroom farming, whichis quickly becoming one of the most lucrative agribusinesses
that can be established with little investment and space.
DAY-3
Dr. Shailesh Kumar Singh Head, KVK Haidergarh, Barabanki highlighted the “Role of
KVK and doubling farmers income” in Agriculture extension where He discussed recent
agricultural regulations and emphasized the need for frequent extension programs to promote
better habits using visual means. He spoke on KVK's contribution in extending the modern
technologies to the farmers.
Mr. Sakeeb Khan, Director Perfect Ishara Agro Pvt. Ltd, Fatehpur interacted with the students
on “Seed Technology and Processing” where he discussed numerous seed production tools,
techniques, and other uses in addition to pertinent agro-industry topics. He also emphasized on
seed preservation, pest control techniques, and seed cleaning techniques that would assist to
produce disease free plants.
9. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 9
DAY-4
Dr. Nelima Kunwar, Head, KVK, Rae Bareilly, discussed at length about "How KVK
functions for students and farmers". She emphasized that students should gain selfassurance and
perseverance so they could handle issues specific to Agriculture. She educated the students on
the importance of village social work, village surveys, and their role in raising awareness
among farmers.
10. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 10
Mr. Sunil, Managing Director, Suryansh Coolex Pvt. Ltd. Lucknow gave an informative
presentation on “Manufacturing and Marketing of Frozen Foods and Vegetables”. He told that
a variety of options are available in the food preservation-based business, including fresh
vegetables, frozen green peas, sweet corn, soya chaap, frozen mixed veggies, and fresh
strawberries. He talked about the best fertilizers and cutting-edge farming techniques and
discussed career options in the sales and marketing industry.
DAY-5
Dr. Krishna Mohan Singh, Head, KVK, Bahraich shared his knowledge and inputs on
“Assessmentand Requirement of the New Technology among the Farmers” where explained the
significance and necessity of new technologies, organic farming, integrated nutrient
management, biofertilizers, mixed cropping patterns, and intercropping management. Students
were inquisitive and flooded the seminar hall with questions, and the speaker answered.
11. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 11
DAY-6
Dr. Ram Kathin Singh, Director, Nand Education, Foundation for Rural Development,
Lucknow and Former Director Research, ANDUAT, Ayodhya blessed students with his
gracious presence. He gave his presentation on "Recent Trends in Agriculture" where he
encouraged the students to do well in the field of Agriculture and shared his experience and
his long journey as teacher, researcher and administrator. He also emphasized the interactive
nature of these programmesand how they are conceptualized for end-to-end skill
development, decision-making, team collaboration, etc
Mr Pankaj Kumar Shah, GFST, Kanpur talked about “Importance of Food Processing for
Entrepreneur” where he provided information on the Pradhan Mantri Formalization of
Micro Food Processing Enterprises Scheme (PMFME), which aims to support Farmer
Producer Organizations (FPOs), Self Help Groups (SHGs), and Producers Cooperatives
throughout their entire value chain,promote formalization of the sector, and increase the
competitiveness of existing individual micro-enterprises in the unorganized segment of the
food processing industry. He also discussed the difficulties encountered by micro-
enterprises.
12. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 12
DAY-7-8
Dr. Malik Mobeen Associate Professor, IIAST concentrated on village attachment. He
addressed the need for farmers to engage with their family in a humble manner and to record all
they do in the RAWE booklet. Dr. Sunil Kumar, Associate professor, IIAST, spoke about the
industrial attachment that the students will do after their village attachment. They will learn
about processing and value- added goods over the 21-day training period. Mr. Nadeem Khan,
Assistant professor, IIAST and Dr.Faria Fatima, Assistant professor IIAST, presented their
opinions on the experiential learning program that would be offered during the eighth semester
that will be beneficial for developing skills within students. Report writing and its format were
stressed by Dr. Khalid Habib, Associate Professor, IIAST.
13. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 13
APPROACH OF RAWE
Allotment for the different KVK was done by the course coordinator on the basis of
group divided and allotted of the village was done by the KVK faculty. We were allotted for the
village MALJHA in UNNAO district.
After joining the KVK on 30 SEPTEMBER, there the faculty of KVK introduced us about
RAWE programme. The full session was highly devoted to us to bring an overview about
activities of RAWE to how to done it and deal with farmers. The main aim of orientation was to
aware the students about that work which is to be done in the village during village attachment
programme. We were given training about different techniques in PRA. In the orientation
programme we came to know about PRAtechniques & how to implicate at village level.
During this programme all the students were grouped into different groups by KVK
faculty and allotted different villages. There was a mentor and RAWE advisor at local level for
each groups provided by the KVK.
The whole RAWE programme was carried under the supervison of Dr. Jay Kumar Yadav
the Subject Matter Specialist, Plant Pathology, KVK, UNNAO. He guided, supervised and
monitored the work.
PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL (PRA)-
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) RRA is a social science approach that emerged in the
late 1970s.
The basic idea of RRA is to rather quickly collect, analyse and evaluate information on
rural conditions and local knowledge.
PRA is a growing combination of approaches and methods that enable rural people to share,
enhance and analyse their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and act and to monitor
and evaluate. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people
in the planning and management of development projects and programmes.
Robert Chambers is the father of PRA.
14. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 14
SOURCES OF PRA-
Five streams which stands out of as sources and parallel to PRA are
o Active participatory research.
o Agroecosystem analysis.
o Applied anthropology.
o Field research on farming system.
o Rapid rural appraisal.
OVERVIEW OF PRA TECHNIQUES-
These techniques can be divided into categories-
o Group dynamics- E.g. learning, contracts, role reversal, feedback, session.
o Sampling E.g. Transect walk, social maping.
o Interviewing. E.g. focus group discussion
o Visualization. E.g. time lines.
Tools of PRA-
o Participatory mapping- village map, social map, resource map, enterprise map,
hydrology mapetc.
o Transect walk
o Indigenous technique knowledge
o Timeline
o Trend analysis
o Venn diagram
o Focus group discussion
o Innovation assessment
o Problem identification
o Problem prioritization
15. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 15
DISTRICT- UNNAO
Unnao district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Unnao is
the district headquarters. The district is part of Lucknow Division. Unnao is the headquarters of
Unnao district in Uttar Pradesh, India between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large
industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. The city is famous for its leather,
mosquito net, Zardozi and chemical industries.
Area- 4469 km^2
Population- 3,108,367 (2011 Census
Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission- Upper Gangetic Plain Region
Soil type- Alluvial, Calcareous and Salt affected
Crops grown- Rice, wheat, mustard, pea, okra, brinjal, potato, cucurbits, mango, guava,
papaya, sugarcane etc.
District Magistrate- SHRIMATI. APURVA DUBEY
16. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 16
KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA, UNNAO- AN OVERVIEW
Full Name- Virendra Kumar Singh Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dhaora, Unnao
Address- Dhaora, Mohan ROAD, Hasanganj, Unnao, 209881.
Senior scientist & Head- Mr Dr. A.K. Singh
The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Farm Science Centre), Unnao is an innovative science–based
institution was established in 1999 to accelerate the agricultural production and also to improve
the socio- economic conditions of the farming community of Unnao district.
For development and improvement in the condition of farmer's life KVK organizes Kisan Mela,
provides best seeds, cheap agricultural equipment, organic farming, use of solar energy, first
line demonstrations, many trainings, farmer tour programs for the farmers every year. In the
struggling pages of agriculture, this Krishi Vigyan Kendra has presented an ideal by making it
fertile byachieving great success on Unnao district and nearby waste land.
The training programmes of KVKs were designed to impart the latest knowledge to the farmers
through work experience by applying the principles of “Teaching by Doing and „Learning by
Doing‟. The prime goal of KVK was to impart training as per needs and requirements in
agricultural and alliedsectors to the farmers, farmwomen and farm youth.
KVK, UNNAO is functioning their works as-
1.On-farm testing to assess the location specificity of agricultural technologies under various
farming systems.
2. Frontline demonstrations to establish production potential of technologies on the farmers‟ fields.
3. Capacity development of farmers and extension personnel to update their knowledge and skills on
17. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 17
modern agricultural technologies.
4. To work as Knowledge and Resource Centre of agricultural technologies for supporting
initiativesof public, private and voluntary sector in improving the agricultural economy of the
district.
COMPONENTS FOUND AT KVK-
A. CROP PRODUCTION- The KVK is producing rice, wheat, mustard and other crops
for frontline demonstration as well as for its own production.
B. ANIMAL HUSBANDARY- The KVK has its own Dairy farm where
speciallycattles are rearing for milk production.
C. INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM- The KVK has its Integrated Farming
System which promotes sustainability and maintains ecosystem with maximum use of
its inter-related components in IFS. The components found at KVK are pond,
fish,duck, hen (specially Kadaknath), rabbits, dairy, goats, crops etc.
18. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 18
D. Post-harvest Technology- KVK, Unnao has its post-harvest technology unit where the
fruits crops are being processed to increas e its shelf life and for value addition.
E. APICULTURE- At KVK, bees are rearing in brood chambers for honey production.
Bee species- Apis meliferae.
F. EQUIPMENTS, TOOLS, MACHINARY AND OTHER- At KVK, we found many
equipments tools and machinary used for crop production and to maintain soil fertility
there was a FYM and composting unit.
There is many agricultural equipments and machinery like tractor, harrow,
cultivator,rotavator, seed drum, leveller, paddy thresher, spraying machines etc.
19. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 19
Vermicomposting unit:- At KVK we found vermicomposting unit which is used for
thepreparation of vermin compost that enhances soil fertility physically, chemically and
biologically.
20. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 20
VILLAGE ATTACHMENT
GENERAL INFORMATION OF THE VILLAGE:
S.No. PARTICULARS NAME OF THE PLACE DISTANCE
1. VILLAGE NAME MALJHA
2. GRAM PANCHAYAT MALJHA
3. BLOCK HASANGANJ 7 KM
4. TEHSIL HASANGANJ 7 KM
5. BUS STAND MOHAN 10 KM
6. RAILWAY STATION MALIHABAD 35 KM
7. POST OFFICE DHAORA 0.5 KM
8. NEAREST HOSPITAL CSC HASANGANJ 14 KM
9. NEAREST VETERINARY HOSPITAL PURVA 7 KM
10. PRIMARY SCHOOL MALJHA 1 KM
11. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL MALJHA 9 KM
12. HIGH SCHOOL MALJHA 9 KM
13. DEGREE COLLEGE HASANGANJ 14 KM
14. TECHNICAL INSTITUTE DHAORA 0.5 KM
15. GRAIN MARKET GAZAFFAR NAGAR 19 KM
16. VEGETABLE MARKET DHAORA 0.5 KM
17. ANIMAL MARKET UNCHA DWAR 4 KM
18. NEAREST PETROL PUMP MALJHA 0.5 KM
19. NEAREST BANK DHOARA 0.5 KM
REFERENCES:- GRAM PRADHAN
22. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 22
ORIGIN – The origin of village around 1313 - 1313
LANGUAGE – The main language of the village is Hindi, Awadhi.
LOCATION – Maljha is a Village in Hasanganj Block in Unnao District of Uttar Pradesh State,
India. It belongs to Lucknow Division . It is located 50 KM towards North from District head
quarters Unnao.7 KM from Hasanganj. 32 KM from State capital Lucknow.
Social Structure of the Village-
Maljha is a village and also Gram Panchayat. There is about 720 families with 680
male and1300 female. Caste contribution in village is about 76% are SC, 23% are OBC.
Education-
Literacy level of the village is normal. The literacy rate of Maljha is 54.3% in which male
constitutes 46.8% and females 28.7%. They do not take education seriously. There is narrow
mentalityfor education in some extent. Besides this, there is some people take child education
seriously. Thereis one primary school in the village. Literacy level in females exists in very few
extent. Girl‟s education is like illusion.
There is a primary school in the village. Some children also go to the private school.
23. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 23
Area distributed under village :
S.No. Items Area (ha)
1. Total geographical area of the village 625. ha
2. Area under forest 90 ha
3. Area under garden 25 ha
4. Barren and uncultivable land 25 ha
5. Area under pasture 5 ha
6. Culturable land 1.75 ha
7. Total fallow land 1.75 ha
8. Net area sown 350 ha
9. Area sown more than once 290 ha
10. Gross cropped area 320 ha
11. Total irrigated land 320 ha
12. Area under abadi
13. Area under Gram samaj
REFERENCES:- GRAM PRADHAN
24. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 24
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF VILLAGE :
Total population: 1313
Total male : 700 REFERENCES:- CENSUS 2011
Total female : 613
CASTE WISE POPULATION:
General – 00
Backward Caste – 1008
Schedule Caste – 305
Total - 1313
LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY-
Cow- 20 Buffalo- 60
Goat- 200
TOPOGRAPHY AND EDAPHOLOGY OF THE VILLAGE-
The topograpghy is flat with some low land areas. Maljha is a village in Unnao district near
Kanpur where river Ganga is flowing. Alluvial and Clay loamy soil type is found. Alluvial
soil- khadar and bangar both are present. There is salt affected soil in some extent as
problematic soil.
Event Occurred In Village:
S.N. EVENTS OCCURRED YEAR
1. Ram Leela 2009
2. Cricket tournament 2015
3. Covid vaccination camp 2021
25. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 25
INDIGENOUS TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE (ITK)-
The farmers of the village are well known about the indigenous techniques for crop
production and its protection. In village, there is lack of facilities, services and modern
techniques and tools. Thus farmers use locally available things for their betterment and for
farming.
o They use neem leaves in storage for insect control, ash dust on vegetables.
o Growing legume to increase fertility of soil
o Time scheduling for cropping pattern
o Seed are stored with the mixture of ash.
o Mixing of sand with black gram for long term storage.
o Use of smoke to check the burning of flower of mango.
o Application of ash in mango tree to control ant and weevil.
o For the control of aphids use of detergent water in pulses.
o Water soaked of seed like rice for better germination and stand.
o Application of panchgavya for soil fertility.
AGRICULTURE & CROPPING SYSTEM-
o Cereals crop like rice, wheat, maize, pearl millet; oil seed crop mustard; fodder crop
sorghum, berseem; vegetables like potato, okra, brinjal, tomato, cabbage, cauliflower,
garlic, bottle gourdetc. fruit crop like mango, guava, papaya, and citrus are grown by the
farmers. Some farmers also grow marigold as flowering cash crop.
26. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 26
o Rice-Wheat is the major cropping system used by the farmers.
STANDARD OF LIVING-
Majority of the farmer are marginal and small. They live in kaccha houses and some of them in
their pakka houses with minimum facilitation. Subsistence farming culture exists. Poverty,
unemployment, lack of facilities and services, power status, problems in farming etc. bound
their standard of living at bottom.
CULTURAL STATUS-
Humanity is spread all over the village. People of the village are honest, humble and polite.
They believe in god. All the festivals, they celebrate enthusiastically and joyfully. They believe
in MURTI POOJA. People from different caste and community believe in humanity first and
live peacefully.
PROBLEMS OF THE VILLAGE-
Social Problems-
o POVERTY- Poverty is spread all over the village. Most of the farmers are living
belowpoverty level. Some of them are landless.
Suggestion- There is subsistence farming culture exists. People used to
believe incommercial farming.
o UNEMPLOYMENT- Very few people of the village are employed. Some of them are
27. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 27
farm employed and most of unemployed.
Suggestions- Main occupation is agriculture. People should to expand their limit
as subsidiary occupation as shops, diary, transport etc. They cam afford loan
from banks to start a business.
o LITERACY- Lower literacy level is a big problem in the village. Most of the
villagers are illiterate. Neither they read nor write. Girl‟s education is believed as
Illusion.
Suggestion- People should be aware. Awareness scheme, camps and meeting
should to be organised to increase awareness for importance of education.
o HEALTH- Infectious disease is spread in some extent. They are afraid to take
vaccines. Farmer‟s health is not very good. There are lack of nutritious meal.
Health services is not available instantly.
Suggestion- Awareness about the disease and vaccines is mendatory.
Viilage Problem-
o SANITATION- Open drainage chain is spread in the village. Dirty water always flows
on theroad.
o ELECTRICITY- There is shortage of power supply. Sometime there is long term shortage
for many days.
o TRANSPORTATION- Condition of the village road is ver bad. Main road is about 1 km far
away from the village. They reach to the main road on foot and there they pick up a auto for
further destination.
o LACK OF INPUT INSTITUTIONS- There is lack of markets, shops and other inputs media
for many sectors.
Agricultural Problems-
o SOIL- Salt affected and calcareous soil is present in some extent. The soil is not
very fertile due to higher use of only chemical fertilizer.
o UNAVAILABILITY OF INPUTS- In most cases, there is unavailability of
agricultural inputs like seed, fertilizer, herbicide, pesticide and others for crop
production.
o LACK OF HIGH YIELDING QUALITY SEED- Farmers of the village grow
crop from the previous year seed which have not good viability and germination.
They are are the source of seed borne disease. They do not have high yielding
quality seed every year.
28. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 28
o IRRIGATION PROBLEM- Total area is irrigated. Major source of irrigation is only
boreholes and pumping set. They can not afford timely irrigation due to high cost of fuel
and inputs. By the excessive use of ground water by the pumping set for irrigation,water
table is decreasing.
oUNAWARE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY- Farmers are unaware of modern tools and
technology for crop production. All the practices done by the farmers for crop production
are indigenous and have very less efficiency.
o NAWARENESS IN PROPER USE OF INPUTS- People of the village cannot schedule proper
dose ofinputs in agriculture. They use only chemical fertilizer specially urea in abundance. Thus
soil problem isincreasing.
o UNAVAILABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL TOOLS AND IMPLEMENTS- Crop production
also influenced by agricultural tools and implements. There is shortage of tools, machinery and
implements for agricultural practices like tillage, seed sowing, weed control, pesticide application
tools, and harvesting machinery like tractor and thresher.
o ADVERSE CLIMATE- Uncertain heavy rain was the main problem during harvesting of rice crop.
o LACK OF MARKET- There is no market where farmers can sell their produce on satisfactory rate.
In Crop Field-
WEED- Weeds are the major problem in crop field
Motha Cyperus rotundus
Bermuda grass Cynodon dactylon
Jungali rice Echinochloa colona
Hajardana Phyllanthus niruri
Noonia Portulaca spp.
Congress grass Partheneum hysterophorus
Chaulai Amaranthus viridis
29. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 29
Disease-
Major identified diseases are as follow-
Crop Disease Causal organism
Rice Blast Pyricularia oryzae
Bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas oryzae
Khaira Zn deficiency
False smut Ustilaginoidea virens
Brinjal Phomopsis blight Phomopsis exans
Little leaf Phytoplasma
Wilt fusarium spp.
Citrus Citrus canker Xanthomonas compestris p.v.
citri
Wither tip Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Mango Powdery mildew Oidim mangiferae
Sorghum Downy mildew Sclerospora sorghi
Pest-
Major pests identified in crop are as fallows-
Crop Pest Scientific name Family
Rice Rise hispa Diclodispa armigera Chrysomelidae
Rice gundhi bug Leptocoris acuta Coreidae
Yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulus Pyralidae
30. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 30
ALLLOTED FARMERS
Farmer:1
Name: Mr.Gangaram
Age: 40 Years
Education: 0
Caste: SC
Size of family: 5 Male, 3 Female
Holding: 1.5 ha
Occupation: Agriculture
Communication: 1 Mobile, 1 Television
House: Pucca
Vehicle: 1Bike, 1cycle
Livestovck : 3 Buffalo (Bhadawari)
Crop Grown: Wheat , Paddy and Mustard
Total Income: 1,96000
31. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 31
Farmer: 2
Name : Mr. Nanku Yadav
Age: 38 Years
Education: 5
Caste: OBC
Size Of Family: 4 Male, 3 Female
Holding: 1 ha
Occupation: Agriculture
Communication: 3 Mobile, 1 Television
House: Pucca
Vehicle: 2 Bike, 1cycle
Livestock: 3 Buffalo (Murrah)
Crop Grown: Wheat , Paddy, Maize, Potato and Mustard
Total Income: 72000
32. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 32
Farmer:3
Name: Mr. Lalman Pal
Age: 54 Years
Education: 2nd
Caste: SC
Size Of Family: 3 Male, 1 Female
Holding: 5.6 ha
Occupation: Agriculture
Communication: 2 Mobile, 1 Television
House: Pucca
Vehicle: 1 Cycle, 1 Bike
Livestock: 1 Buffalo (Murrah)
Crop Grown: Wheat Paddy and Mustard
Total Income: 1,80000
33. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 33
Farmer: 4
Name: Mr. Ritik
Age: 28 Years
Education: 5
Caste: OBC
Size Of Family: 6 Male, 6 Female
Holding: 1ha
Communication: 2 Mobile, 1 Television
House: Pucca
Vehicle: 2 Cycle and 3 Bike
Livestock: 4 Cow (Sahiwal)
Assets: 1 Pumping Set , 1 Chaff Cutter
Crop Grown: Wheat, Paddy, Mustard and Mango
Total Income: 100000
34. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 34
Farmer:5
Name: Mr. Ravi Shankar
Age: 52 Years
Education: 5
Caste: SC
Size Of Family: 2 Male, 3 Female
Holding: 2.9 Ha.
Communication: 2 Mobile, 1 Television
House: Pucca
Vehicle: 2 Bike , 1cycle.
Livestock: 3 Cow (Desi.)
Crop Grown: Wheat , Paddy
Total Income: 1,50000
35. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 35
INTERACTION WITH FARMERS
KISAN GOSTHI
The Kisan Ghosthi was organized in the allotted village “Maljha” on 30th
November2022 at Village Panchayat Bhawan.
Experts who participated in Ghosthi – Dr. Ratna Sahay (SMS- Soil Science), Dr. Jay
KumarYadav (SMS- Plant Protection) and Er. Ramesh Chand, A.K.Singh Head of KVK
.
There were approx 25 farmer‟s participated in ghosthi.
The topic was discussed individually by the students in Kisan Gosthi.
Name of the farmers who attended the GOSTHI
1. Babulal 2. Ram Vilash
3. Shivpal 4. Shri Ram
5. Vijay Kumar 6. Ram Prasad
7. Ram Bharose 8. Ram Swaroop
9. Sukh Lal 10. Sajeevan
11. Buddha 12. Maghre Lal
13. Rajesh 14. Shivpal
15. Mulayam 16. Brijesh
NAME OF EXPERT WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE GOSTHI
1. Dr. Ratna Sahay ( SMS – Soil Science )
36. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 36
2. Er. Ramesh Chand (SMS – Agri. Engineering)
3. Dr. Jay Kumar Yadav (SMS – Plant Protection)
4. Dr. A.K. Singh ( Head of KVK)
TEAM OF STUDENTS WHO ORGANIZED GOSTHI
1. Mohd Saad 4. Hind Keshri Yadav
2. Ajeet Yadav 5. Mohd Tauseed
3. Anmol Singh
PICTURE OF KISAN GOSTHI
37. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 37
CONCLUSION:-
The overall outcomes of RAWE Programme from the perspectives of the
studentsare summarized below:
Rural awareness.
Field experience.
Team work.
Experiential and experiment all earning.
Knowledge on field based research and extension methodologies.
Expo sure to administration and management issues in contex to
frura landAgricultural development.
Capacity building.
Acquainted with recent advancement in research and extension.
Updating and collecting information through different methods.
Understanding rural life.
Learning of bottom-up approach in planning.
Learning the techniques of stakeholder‟s participationin
developmentalProgrammes.
Understanding local institutions and their need .
Conflict management and negotiation skill.
Management of different components of farming system.
Working with people organization.
Problem-solving attitude.
Awareness about rural economy
Impact of rural and agricultural development on rural livelihood
38. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 38
INTRODUCTION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL
INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
Alloted -State Institute of Food Processing Technology, Hazrztganj, Lucknow
(Uttar Pradesh)
ABOUT THE INDUSTRY
Name of Company – State Institute of Food Processing Technology
Address – Prem Nagar, Hazratganj, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh
Establishment – 1949
Nature of Business – Processing and Marketing
Name of Head – Mr . Sanjay Shristava
Working Day – Monday to Friday
Products – Jam, Jelly, Pickles, Amla Murraba, Tomato Sauce
VISION OF INDUSTRY
Setting up units all over the India and also seeking opportunities for international trade.
Increase the marketing network in different cities in future.
Increase in transport and storage facilities.
Provide better services to customers.
39. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 39
Provide employment to young generations and also to socially economically weaker section
of oursociety .
FOOD PRESERVATION
It can be defined as the process in which we treat and handle the food to slow or stop the spoilage, its loss
of nutritional value, quantity, and edibility of food items. Food preservation allows us to store food for a
longer time. Preservation usually involves the prevention of the growth of fungi (such as yeasts), bacteria,
and other microorganisms. This food preservation is used for various food products such as fruits,
vegetables, meat, and fish by applying methods of salting, drying, etc.
Importance of Food Preservation
There is numerous importance of food preservation few of them are :
It increases the food shelf life.
It allows us to taste a variety of food products in any season and in any area.
It reduced the wastage of food items.
In food preservation, there is no change in the taste, color, and nutritional value of food.
Food products can be stored easily.
Objectives of Food Preservation
To prevent the growth of micro-organisms.
To minimize the spoilage of food items.
To protect the taste, color, and nutritional value of food products.
Methods of Food Preservation
40. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 40
Mixed Veg Pickle
Ingredients of Mixed Veg Pickle
62 grams cauliflower
1/3 cup and 1 and 1/2 tablespoon carrot
2 and 3/4 teaspoon red chilli powder
1 teaspoon turmeric
3/4 cup and 2 tablespoon water
1/3 cup and 1 and 1/2 tablespoon peas
3 and 1/2 tablespoon mustard seeds
1/2 teaspoon asafoetida
3 and 1/2 tablespoon salt
Step 1 Preparing the veggies
To prepare this side dish recipe, wash the cauliflower, green peas and carrots under running water
and pat them dry. Now, cut the cauliflower into small florets. Take a bowl and add the cauliflower
florets, diced carrots and green peas in it along with half a cup of water and salt. Mix well and
transfer it to a sterilized glass jar and leave it for a day.
41. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 41
Step 2 Make the masala paste
On the next day, strain out two tablespoons of the vegetable juices that have collected in the jar from
the salted vegetables. Now, take a grinder jar and add mustard seeds, chilli powder, asafoetida
powder and turmeric powder with 2 tablespoons of the collected vegetable juice. Grind it to a smooth
paste.
Step 3 Your pickle is ready
Now, add the resulting paste to the salted vegetables in the sterilized jar and mix well. Your mixed
veg pickle is ready to eat. You can also store it refrigerated for up to six months for future
consumption.
Guava Jelly
Guava is rich in vitamin C, high in fibre, contains beneficial nutrients the body requires and is low in
calories, making it ideal in many ways. The pulp is strained to get the crystal clear jelly, replete with flavour.
Spread this jam on biscuits or ice cream for a tasty treat. You can also use it as a glaze or marinade for
chicken or fish. Serve on hot toasts, waffles, pancakes, sandwiches, cake and tart fillings. Makes a perfect
snack when spread on savoury crackers.
Ingredients:
1 1/2 kgs Guavas (Amrood)
6 cups Water
1/2 tsp Citric acid
Sugar (Cheeni)+
How to make guava jelly:
1. Wash and cut guava into thin slices and cook with water until very soft.
2. Put this mixture in a coarse cloth and allow the juice to drip through into a bowl underneath
and leave it for 12 hours.
3. Do not squeeze the bag.
4. Use the mixture in the bag for guava cheese.
5. Measure the juice and add 3 cups of sugar to each pint of juice.
6. Heat the sugar, guava juice and stir until it is dissolved.
7. Strain the juice, add lemon juice and cook on a hot fire until setting point is reached.
8. Cool and pour into airtight jars.
42. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 42
SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE INDUSTRY
STRENGTH
o Reliable suppliers
o Strong market chain
o Good Returns
o Strong Management
WEAKNESS
o Need more investment for infrastructure
o Distance of transportation
o Limited access to finance
OPPORTUNITY
o Giving best price to farmers in nearest area.
o Generate employment for local people.
THREATS
o Price variations in market.
43. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 43
o Proper care in storage
o Climate and weather risk.
CONSTRAINTS OF THE INDUSTRY
An inconsistent and insufficient supply of raw material.
Inappropriate or obsolete processing and ancillary equipment
Sub-optimal use of processing facilities and equipment.
Poorly trained personnel.
A lack of proper hygiene and sanitation practices.
Inappropriate packaging materials and high packaging cost.
Weak or non-existent market development.
44. Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 44
OUTCOME OF AGRO – INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
• Industrial exposure to the students for developing their career in the Agro based
industries.
• Experiential Learning aims towards Practical Work Experience in Real Life Situation
among the undergraduate students and therefore it helps student become “Job
Providers rather than Job Seekers”.
• Apart from imparting skills and knowledge required for an Agricultural student, KVK
and Agro Industry nurtured in each one of us the values of integrity profassionalism,
moral courage fairness and empathy with under privilege.
• This Agricultural Industrial Attachment Programme (AIAP) really helps us to know
about real practical field problem and Farm situation. The knowledge and skill of both
our and workers developed.
• The training and demonstration programme helped us to know the about new
techniques and create venture for self-employment.
• In industrial we have also learned about processing and packaging of frozen pea and
various market strategies about the agro –based market.