The document discusses the results of a study on the impact of climate change on global wheat production. Researchers found that rising temperatures will significantly reduce wheat yields across different regions by the end of the century. Under a high emissions scenario, the study projects a global average decrease in wheat production of around 6% by 2050, with reductions of up to 25% in some lower-latitude locations.
This document discusses price spread and marketing efficiency in agricultural markets. It defines price spread as the difference between the consumer price and the net price received by producers, expressed as a percentage of the consumer price. Price spread includes marketing costs to move products from production to consumption points as well as profits for intermediaries. Marketing efficiency is the ratio of market outputs to inputs and indicates how well a market achieves its objectives with minimum costs. The document outlines approaches to measure price spread and marketing efficiency, and notes that price spread is inversely related to marketing efficiency - as efficiency increases, price spread decreases.
This document provides an overview of rural marketing and agriculture production in India. Some key points:
- India is a major global producer of agriculture, ranking 2nd in farm output and among the top 5 producers for many crops. Agriculture contributes 18% to India's GDP.
- Marketing of agricultural produce is complex due to the perishable and seasonal nature of crops. It has traditionally involved many middlemen, exploiting farmers.
- Cooperative marketing societies were formed to help increase farmer incomes and reduce exploitation. However, only a few have succeeded in processing industries.
- Regulated markets were established to improve quality of produce and ensure fair prices for farmers through transparency. They are democratically managed committees.
Principle of comparative advantage & competitive advantageSudipGautam7
Principle of Comparative and competitive advantage in economics and comparison of both the principles is described in the slide through which the reader will able to explore his/her knowledge about the types of advantage in economics.
The document provides an overview of honey marketing in India. It discusses honey production levels, the major honey producing states, packaging and labeling requirements, and challenges faced by honey traders. India produces approximately 65,000 metric tons of honey annually, with states like Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Bihar being major producers. Packaging must include information like contents, source, weight, and date. Traders face issues like lack of access to suitable quantities, organization support, and market access. Increasing beekeeper training and providing fair prices can help boost future Indian honey production levels.
Agricultural market intelligence system in indiaKavi Priya J
The Agricultural Market Intelligence System in India was established to collect and disseminate market information through the Domestic and Export Market Intelligence Cell of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in order to provide price forecasts and market intelligence to farmers and traders to help them make informed decisions about production, marketing, storage and quality standards to maximize prices. The system collects historical market and price data, conducts surveys, and disseminates forecasts and recommendations via its website and SMS to help reduce price volatility for farmers.
This document discusses risk and uncertainty in agricultural marketing. It identifies different types of risk farmers face, such as physical risk from accidents, pests or improper packing, as well as price risk from fluctuations in market prices. Methods to manage these risks include insurance, contract farming, forward/future contracts, and speculation or hedging. Contract farming in particular involves agreements where companies provide inputs and farmers deliver outputs. Proper management of these risks is important for the agricultural industry.
Marketing institutions play an important role in the development of agricultural marketing by establishing rules and regulations, organizations, market infrastructure, and price administration. The document outlines various public sector institutions like the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, Food Corporation of India, and specialized commodity boards that work to regulate and promote agricultural marketing. It also discusses the roles of cooperative sector institutions and associations in providing services to farmers and traders.
This document provides an overview of the Indian seed industry. It discusses the major seed producing agencies in India including the National Seed Corporation and state seed corporations. It also covers private seed companies and the organization of seed production. The document summarizes key policies that have favored the development of the seed industry in India. It provides data on the size of the Indian and global seed markets and India's seed export figures. It also discusses various loan and subsidy programs offered by the Government of India to support the seed industry.
This document discusses price spread and marketing efficiency in agricultural markets. It defines price spread as the difference between the consumer price and the net price received by producers, expressed as a percentage of the consumer price. Price spread includes marketing costs to move products from production to consumption points as well as profits for intermediaries. Marketing efficiency is the ratio of market outputs to inputs and indicates how well a market achieves its objectives with minimum costs. The document outlines approaches to measure price spread and marketing efficiency, and notes that price spread is inversely related to marketing efficiency - as efficiency increases, price spread decreases.
This document provides an overview of rural marketing and agriculture production in India. Some key points:
- India is a major global producer of agriculture, ranking 2nd in farm output and among the top 5 producers for many crops. Agriculture contributes 18% to India's GDP.
- Marketing of agricultural produce is complex due to the perishable and seasonal nature of crops. It has traditionally involved many middlemen, exploiting farmers.
- Cooperative marketing societies were formed to help increase farmer incomes and reduce exploitation. However, only a few have succeeded in processing industries.
- Regulated markets were established to improve quality of produce and ensure fair prices for farmers through transparency. They are democratically managed committees.
Principle of comparative advantage & competitive advantageSudipGautam7
Principle of Comparative and competitive advantage in economics and comparison of both the principles is described in the slide through which the reader will able to explore his/her knowledge about the types of advantage in economics.
The document provides an overview of honey marketing in India. It discusses honey production levels, the major honey producing states, packaging and labeling requirements, and challenges faced by honey traders. India produces approximately 65,000 metric tons of honey annually, with states like Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Bihar being major producers. Packaging must include information like contents, source, weight, and date. Traders face issues like lack of access to suitable quantities, organization support, and market access. Increasing beekeeper training and providing fair prices can help boost future Indian honey production levels.
Agricultural market intelligence system in indiaKavi Priya J
The Agricultural Market Intelligence System in India was established to collect and disseminate market information through the Domestic and Export Market Intelligence Cell of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in order to provide price forecasts and market intelligence to farmers and traders to help them make informed decisions about production, marketing, storage and quality standards to maximize prices. The system collects historical market and price data, conducts surveys, and disseminates forecasts and recommendations via its website and SMS to help reduce price volatility for farmers.
This document discusses risk and uncertainty in agricultural marketing. It identifies different types of risk farmers face, such as physical risk from accidents, pests or improper packing, as well as price risk from fluctuations in market prices. Methods to manage these risks include insurance, contract farming, forward/future contracts, and speculation or hedging. Contract farming in particular involves agreements where companies provide inputs and farmers deliver outputs. Proper management of these risks is important for the agricultural industry.
Marketing institutions play an important role in the development of agricultural marketing by establishing rules and regulations, organizations, market infrastructure, and price administration. The document outlines various public sector institutions like the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, Food Corporation of India, and specialized commodity boards that work to regulate and promote agricultural marketing. It also discusses the roles of cooperative sector institutions and associations in providing services to farmers and traders.
This document provides an overview of the Indian seed industry. It discusses the major seed producing agencies in India including the National Seed Corporation and state seed corporations. It also covers private seed companies and the organization of seed production. The document summarizes key policies that have favored the development of the seed industry in India. It provides data on the size of the Indian and global seed markets and India's seed export figures. It also discusses various loan and subsidy programs offered by the Government of India to support the seed industry.
This document discusses hybrid seed production in bajra (Pennisetum glaucum). It begins with the botanical details of bajra and then discusses its taxonomy and floral biology. It describes the cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system used for hybrid seed production along with the different classes of seed (nucleus, breeder, foundation, certified). The document outlines the major bajra growing regions in India and details the steps involved in hybrid seed production, including isolation requirements, planting methods, rogueing, pollination synchronization techniques, and harvesting. It also provides information on pest and disease management, post-harvest processing, storage methods and seed standards. Finally, it lists some popular bajra hybrid
- The document discusses India's seed policies and developments in the seed sector over time. It outlines various policy initiatives and programs introduced since the 1960s to strengthen the seed sector.
- Key policies and laws discussed include the Seeds Act (1966), National Seeds Policy (2002), Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act (2001), and the proposed Seeds Bill (2004).
- It also summarizes the objectives and components of various government schemes to promote quality seed production and distribution, including the ISOPOM program, seed village concept, and seed bank scheme.
- Issues related to seed regulation, quality control, intellectual property rights, and the need for further infrastructure development in the
The document is an assignment on the glossary of plant breeding terms submitted by a student. It contains definitions for over 70 terms related to plant breeding, genetics, and seed science. Some of the key terms defined include plant breeding, F1, F2, heterosis, hybrid, inbred line, male sterility, self-incompatibility, and certified seed. The glossary provides concise explanations of important concepts and terminology used in the fields of plant breeding, genetics, and seed production.
Agricultural, Allied Products, Agro Processed Products, its
status in Indian Market. Emerging Issues in the business
Agriculture Produces.
Agriculture Marketing: Concept, Definition, Scope and
Objectives, Upcoming Practices in Agriculture Marketing.
Agribusiness-Emerging Branches, Non Conventional Forms
of Agribusiness, Retailing & Merchandising of Agri
Produces, Export Potential for farm products-Supporting
Services.
Role of Agencies for promotion of Exports of Agri Products,
Role of Agencies for marketing of Agri Products, Standards
of Agriculture Produces, Organized Retailing in Agri Inputs
and Outputs.
Marketing Mix of Agriculture Products, Role of Information
and Communication Technology in Agriculture Marketing.
This document discusses the various market functionaries involved in agricultural marketing in India. It identifies producers, traders such as merchants and agents, processors, import/exporters, and consumers as the main participants. It provides details on the roles of different types of merchants like wholesalers, retailers, village merchants; and agents like commission agents and brokers. It also outlines the functions of facilitators in the market such as laborers, weighmen, graders and transporters.
This document provides an overview of the Domestic & Export Market Intelligence Cell (DEMIC) in India. It discusses:
1. The importance of market intelligence for farmers to make informed production and sales decisions.
2. How DEMIC was established to collect and disseminate timely price and market data on agricultural commodities to help farmers and other stakeholders.
3. DEMIC's objectives of forecasting supply/demand and future prices, studying domestic and export market situations, and disseminating information to support farmers' planning.
This document summarizes information about Bt cotton cultivation in India. It states that over 10 million hectares of Bt cotton were cultivated in India in 2012, accounting for 93% of total cotton cultivation. Bt cotton farmers spend 31-52% less on insecticides and achieve 34-42% higher yields than non-Bt cotton farmers. However, the total production cost of Bt cotton is 15% higher. Despite the higher costs, Bt cotton farmer incomes are 53-71% higher. Bt cotton has led to India becoming the second largest cotton producer globally.
This document summarizes the fertilizer policies and pricing of NPK fertilizers in India. It discusses the history of fertilizer development in India and the current scenario of fertilizer production and consumption. It outlines the objectives of fertilizer policies as ensuring adequate availability of fertilizers at the right price. The major categories of policies discussed are pricing and subsidy policies, marketing and distribution policies, and production and import policies. Key policies summarized include the retention price scheme, decontrol of prices, new pricing scheme, and nutrient based subsidy scheme. The document also provides figures and tables on world and Indian fertilizer production, consumption, prices, and subsidies.
The document discusses government schemes and policies related to rice marketing in India. It outlines schemes to increase rice production through distribution of quality seeds and investments in irrigation. It also discusses policies for rice procurement and support of minimum prices. Government agencies regulate rice trade and storage, and collect and share agricultural market information to support farmers and the rice economy.
This document discusses concepts related to agricultural marketing. It defines agriculture, marketing, and agricultural marketing. It outlines objectives of studying agricultural marketing such as understanding complexities to provide efficient services and ensuring an efficient system benefits all. The document also covers scope and subject matter, differences between agricultural and manufactured products, importance of agricultural marketing, components and dimensions of markets, and relationships between market structure, conduct, and performance.
This document discusses marketing channels for different farm products. It provides examples of marketing channels for food grains like rice and wheat, which may involve village traders, primary and secondary wholesalers, fair price shops, roller flour millers, retailers, and consumers. For oilseeds, the marketing channel may include village traders, wholesalers, processors, pod/seed retailers, oil wholesalers, oil retailers, and consumers. Cooperative societies are also involved in marketing farm products to hotels and institutions.
Agricultural commodity marketing; marketing issues related to timeDaisy Ifeoma
This chapter will enable students to understand the different stages of agricultural commodity marketing. At the end of this chapter, students should have an understanding of how agricultural commodity exchanges operate, how the prices of commodities are determined and most importantly be able to argue in favour of /against the presence of hedgers and speculators in the futures market.
Cotton seed production in hybrids & varietiesBaskar Selvam
For production of seeds for cultivation or developing new varieties or hybrids, certain standards should be followed to get good quality and pure seeds.
Marketing efficiency is measured as the ratio of market output to market input. It can be improved by reducing costs for the same level of satisfaction or increasing satisfaction at a given cost. Marketing costs include all costs incurred by producers and intermediaries in moving products from farms to consumers. Marketing margins are measured as the differences between prices at successive stages of marketing. Common approaches to assessing marketing efficiency include calculating output-to-input ratios, total marketing costs, producer prices received, and consumer prices paid. Factors like perishability, bulkiness, and supply irregularity influence marketing costs.
This document discusses India's current agricultural exports scenario and potential areas for growth. It notes that while India is a major global producer of many crops, its share of world agricultural exports is still low at around 1%. Key opportunities for increasing exports include products like marine foods, rice, wheat, spices, fruits and vegetables. The document also outlines challenges such as low levels of mechanization and infrastructure that have hindered exports. It argues for targeted interventions like investments in technology and supply chain improvements to boost agricultural exports and rural incomes.
Agribusinesses are important to India for multiple reasons-------- such as their contribution to the economy, the number of people they employ, strategic reasons of food security and providing raw material to other industries.
The id is the part of the psyche that operates on the pleasure principle. It seeks immediate gratification and acts based on instinctual drives and needs.
Question 6
1. Ego
1. Marketing involves identifying consumer needs and wants and satisfying them through the exchange of goods and services. It is a broader concept than just selling.
2. The marketing mix, also known as the 4Ps of marketing, refers to the combination of product, price, place (distribution), and promotion that a company uses to bring its product or service to customers.
3. Marketing plays an important role in the economy by helping economic development and raising standards of living through activities like new product development, distribution, pricing, and promotion which increase consumption.
This document discusses hybrid seed production in bajra (Pennisetum glaucum). It begins with the botanical details of bajra and then discusses its taxonomy and floral biology. It describes the cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system used for hybrid seed production along with the different classes of seed (nucleus, breeder, foundation, certified). The document outlines the major bajra growing regions in India and details the steps involved in hybrid seed production, including isolation requirements, planting methods, rogueing, pollination synchronization techniques, and harvesting. It also provides information on pest and disease management, post-harvest processing, storage methods and seed standards. Finally, it lists some popular bajra hybrid
- The document discusses India's seed policies and developments in the seed sector over time. It outlines various policy initiatives and programs introduced since the 1960s to strengthen the seed sector.
- Key policies and laws discussed include the Seeds Act (1966), National Seeds Policy (2002), Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act (2001), and the proposed Seeds Bill (2004).
- It also summarizes the objectives and components of various government schemes to promote quality seed production and distribution, including the ISOPOM program, seed village concept, and seed bank scheme.
- Issues related to seed regulation, quality control, intellectual property rights, and the need for further infrastructure development in the
The document is an assignment on the glossary of plant breeding terms submitted by a student. It contains definitions for over 70 terms related to plant breeding, genetics, and seed science. Some of the key terms defined include plant breeding, F1, F2, heterosis, hybrid, inbred line, male sterility, self-incompatibility, and certified seed. The glossary provides concise explanations of important concepts and terminology used in the fields of plant breeding, genetics, and seed production.
Agricultural, Allied Products, Agro Processed Products, its
status in Indian Market. Emerging Issues in the business
Agriculture Produces.
Agriculture Marketing: Concept, Definition, Scope and
Objectives, Upcoming Practices in Agriculture Marketing.
Agribusiness-Emerging Branches, Non Conventional Forms
of Agribusiness, Retailing & Merchandising of Agri
Produces, Export Potential for farm products-Supporting
Services.
Role of Agencies for promotion of Exports of Agri Products,
Role of Agencies for marketing of Agri Products, Standards
of Agriculture Produces, Organized Retailing in Agri Inputs
and Outputs.
Marketing Mix of Agriculture Products, Role of Information
and Communication Technology in Agriculture Marketing.
This document discusses the various market functionaries involved in agricultural marketing in India. It identifies producers, traders such as merchants and agents, processors, import/exporters, and consumers as the main participants. It provides details on the roles of different types of merchants like wholesalers, retailers, village merchants; and agents like commission agents and brokers. It also outlines the functions of facilitators in the market such as laborers, weighmen, graders and transporters.
This document provides an overview of the Domestic & Export Market Intelligence Cell (DEMIC) in India. It discusses:
1. The importance of market intelligence for farmers to make informed production and sales decisions.
2. How DEMIC was established to collect and disseminate timely price and market data on agricultural commodities to help farmers and other stakeholders.
3. DEMIC's objectives of forecasting supply/demand and future prices, studying domestic and export market situations, and disseminating information to support farmers' planning.
This document summarizes information about Bt cotton cultivation in India. It states that over 10 million hectares of Bt cotton were cultivated in India in 2012, accounting for 93% of total cotton cultivation. Bt cotton farmers spend 31-52% less on insecticides and achieve 34-42% higher yields than non-Bt cotton farmers. However, the total production cost of Bt cotton is 15% higher. Despite the higher costs, Bt cotton farmer incomes are 53-71% higher. Bt cotton has led to India becoming the second largest cotton producer globally.
This document summarizes the fertilizer policies and pricing of NPK fertilizers in India. It discusses the history of fertilizer development in India and the current scenario of fertilizer production and consumption. It outlines the objectives of fertilizer policies as ensuring adequate availability of fertilizers at the right price. The major categories of policies discussed are pricing and subsidy policies, marketing and distribution policies, and production and import policies. Key policies summarized include the retention price scheme, decontrol of prices, new pricing scheme, and nutrient based subsidy scheme. The document also provides figures and tables on world and Indian fertilizer production, consumption, prices, and subsidies.
The document discusses government schemes and policies related to rice marketing in India. It outlines schemes to increase rice production through distribution of quality seeds and investments in irrigation. It also discusses policies for rice procurement and support of minimum prices. Government agencies regulate rice trade and storage, and collect and share agricultural market information to support farmers and the rice economy.
This document discusses concepts related to agricultural marketing. It defines agriculture, marketing, and agricultural marketing. It outlines objectives of studying agricultural marketing such as understanding complexities to provide efficient services and ensuring an efficient system benefits all. The document also covers scope and subject matter, differences between agricultural and manufactured products, importance of agricultural marketing, components and dimensions of markets, and relationships between market structure, conduct, and performance.
This document discusses marketing channels for different farm products. It provides examples of marketing channels for food grains like rice and wheat, which may involve village traders, primary and secondary wholesalers, fair price shops, roller flour millers, retailers, and consumers. For oilseeds, the marketing channel may include village traders, wholesalers, processors, pod/seed retailers, oil wholesalers, oil retailers, and consumers. Cooperative societies are also involved in marketing farm products to hotels and institutions.
Agricultural commodity marketing; marketing issues related to timeDaisy Ifeoma
This chapter will enable students to understand the different stages of agricultural commodity marketing. At the end of this chapter, students should have an understanding of how agricultural commodity exchanges operate, how the prices of commodities are determined and most importantly be able to argue in favour of /against the presence of hedgers and speculators in the futures market.
Cotton seed production in hybrids & varietiesBaskar Selvam
For production of seeds for cultivation or developing new varieties or hybrids, certain standards should be followed to get good quality and pure seeds.
Marketing efficiency is measured as the ratio of market output to market input. It can be improved by reducing costs for the same level of satisfaction or increasing satisfaction at a given cost. Marketing costs include all costs incurred by producers and intermediaries in moving products from farms to consumers. Marketing margins are measured as the differences between prices at successive stages of marketing. Common approaches to assessing marketing efficiency include calculating output-to-input ratios, total marketing costs, producer prices received, and consumer prices paid. Factors like perishability, bulkiness, and supply irregularity influence marketing costs.
This document discusses India's current agricultural exports scenario and potential areas for growth. It notes that while India is a major global producer of many crops, its share of world agricultural exports is still low at around 1%. Key opportunities for increasing exports include products like marine foods, rice, wheat, spices, fruits and vegetables. The document also outlines challenges such as low levels of mechanization and infrastructure that have hindered exports. It argues for targeted interventions like investments in technology and supply chain improvements to boost agricultural exports and rural incomes.
Agribusinesses are important to India for multiple reasons-------- such as their contribution to the economy, the number of people they employ, strategic reasons of food security and providing raw material to other industries.
The id is the part of the psyche that operates on the pleasure principle. It seeks immediate gratification and acts based on instinctual drives and needs.
Question 6
1. Ego
1. Marketing involves identifying consumer needs and wants and satisfying them through the exchange of goods and services. It is a broader concept than just selling.
2. The marketing mix, also known as the 4Ps of marketing, refers to the combination of product, price, place (distribution), and promotion that a company uses to bring its product or service to customers.
3. Marketing plays an important role in the economy by helping economic development and raising standards of living through activities like new product development, distribution, pricing, and promotion which increase consumption.
Resume Introduction to Business 4th edition (BAB 12 - 17)Thufailah Mujahidah
This document discusses various topics related to marketing products, including:
1. Product classification, product life cycles, target markets, and factors affecting consumer preferences.
2. Methods for developing new products through market research and protecting products with patents.
3. Product differentiation, branding, and pricing strategies considering costs, competitors, and demand elasticity.
4. Channels of distribution from producers to customers, including direct channels, intermediaries, and optimal coverage.
This chapter discusses key concepts in product planning including defining tangible, augmented, and generic products. It examines different types of products and product mixes that firms can select from. The chapter emphasizes the importance of product positioning and explores branding and packaging strategies. It also looks at various organizational structures for product management and the global dimensions of product planning.
The word ‘Market’ is derived from the Latin word ‘Marcatus’, means a place where business is conducted.
A market is a place which allows the purchaser and the seller to invent and gather information and lets them carry-out exchange of various products and services. In other words, the meaning of market refers to a place where the trading of goods takes place.
Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges which satisfy individual and organizational objectives
Marketing is an effective way of engaging customers
Marketing helps to build and maintain the company’s reputation.
Marketing helps to build a relationship between a business and its customers
Marketing is a communication channel used to inform customers
Marketing helps to boosts sales
Marketing aids in providing insights about your business
Marketing helps your business to maintain relevance
Marketing creates revenue options
Marketing helps the management team to make informed decisions
This document discusses product and branding strategy. It covers three levels of a product - the core, actual, and augmented product. It also discusses classifying products as durable or non-durable, and consumer or industrial products. Branding provides benefits to both consumers and suppliers. Key branding decisions include selecting a brand name and positioning attributes, benefits, values, personality, and culture.
Feed marketing involves creating value for customers and managing relationships to benefit the feed company. Marketing techniques used include advertising, promotions, branding, packaging, and public relations. The objectives are to retain customers, improve brand image, understand customer wants, increase awareness, and attract attention. Marketing employs a mix of product, price, placement, and promotion strategies tailored to customer needs at each research stage.
1. Marketing is defined as the process of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and managing relationships. It involves a variety of activities like market research, product development, pricing, promotion, and distribution.
2. The key differences between traditional and modern marketing are that traditional marketing focused on selling products, while modern marketing is customer-oriented. Traditional marketing also used limited advertising methods, while modern marketing utilizes various channels including social media.
3. The marketing concept focuses on customer needs and satisfaction. It involves identifying target markets and coordinating all business activities to influence customers. The selling concept focuses on persuading customers to buy what the company produces through aggressive promotion.
The document discusses the marketing mix, specifically the "Product" aspect. It defines a product as anything offered for sale and discusses different types of products. Key points made include:
- There are various ways to classify products including by tangibility, consumer goods vs industrial goods, and different levels of a product.
- The product mix refers to all product lines and items a seller offers. A product line contains closely related products.
- Branding, packaging, labeling, and new product development are also covered. The stages of a product's life cycle and strategic considerations like cannibalization and deletion are summarized.
The document discusses marketing management and the marketing mix. It provides an overview of the key elements of marketing management including marketing research, market planning, product development, packaging, branding, pricing, promotion, distribution, and customer service. It also outlines different marketing philosophies including the production concept, product concept, selling concept, marketing concept, and social marketing concept. Finally, it discusses each element of the marketing mix - product, price, place, and promotion - and provides important questions to consider for each element.
This document provides an overview of private branding for a presentation to Winn-Dixie Stores. It discusses the definition and advantages of private brands, the history and growth of private labeling, types of private brands including store brands and exclusive brands, and considerations for developing a private brand program including business commitment, financial support, and return on investment.
This document provides an overview of private branding for a presentation to Winn-Dixie Stores. It discusses the definition and growth of private brands, advantages for retailers and consumers, types of private brands, and considerations for developing a private brand program. Key points include that private brands account for 1 in 5 items sold and $50 billion in sales, offer value to consumers, and allow retailers more control and profit potential compared to national brands.
A product is defined as a collection of tangible and intangible attributes that provide satisfaction to users. Key product decisions include design, production, launch location, product mix, and specifications. Design decisions involve initial or changed designs. Production decisions cover manufacturing processes. Launch decisions consider local, international, multinational, or global markets. The product mix encompasses breadth, depth, consistency, and inconsistency of product lines. Additional decisions involve packaging, labeling, branding, and adapting to cultural requirements.
The document introduces marketing and outlines its key concepts and functions. It defines marketing as creating and delivering value for customers according to the American Marketing Association. It also distinguishes marketing from selling. Some key points made include that marketing helps businesses understand customer preferences, develop strategies to counter competition, and operate successfully. The objectives of marketing are outlined as satisfying customers, increasing demand, building goodwill and generating profitable sales. The major functions of marketing discussed are market research, product planning, pricing, promotion, distribution and retention.
The document discusses key concepts related to products and services. It defines a product as anything that can satisfy a want or need, including physical goods, services, ideas, and experiences. Products pass through distinct stages in their life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. New products are developed through processes like idea generation, concept development and testing, and commercialization. Individual product decisions involve attributes, branding, packaging, labeling, and support services. A company's product mix encompasses its various product lines and items. Services have unique characteristics like intangibility, inseparability, variability, and perishability that influence marketing strategies.
Marketing consists of strategies and tactics to identify, create, and maintain satisfying relationships with customers in a way that provides value for both customers and the marketer. The marketing mix comprises the controllable elements of the marketing plan, including product, price, place, and promotion. Product involves the goods and services, along with supporting elements. Price considers costs and strategies like premium, penetration, economy, and price skimming pricing. Place refers to distribution channels that move products from manufacturers to consumers. Promotion covers advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, direct marketing, and sponsorship activities used to promote products to target audiences.
CHAPTER 19 BUSINESS STUDIES NIOS XII
meaning of marketing;
differentiate between ‘marketing’ and ‘selling’;
importance of marketing
objectives of marketing
functions of marketing
Similar to Agri marketing management 2018 dr. vinod malkar (20)
Product :Meaning of product, Goods & Services Continuum, Classification of consumer products – Convenience, Shopping, Specialty, Unsought, classification of industrial products – material & parts, capital items, supplies & services, Product Levels: The customer value hierarchy, Software as a Service (Saas) products
Product Mix: Width, Depth, Consistency & Product line.
New Product Development: Need for new product development, Booz Allen &Hamilton Classification Scheme for New Products, New Product Development Process: Idea Generation to commercialization.
Branding: Introduction to Branding, Product Vs. Brand, Meaning of a brand, brand equity & brand elements Packaging & Labeling: Meaning & role of Packaging & Labeling, Primary, Secondary & Shipment packages, Tetra Packaging, Environment friendly packaging
Product Life Cycle: Concept & characteristics of Product Life Cycle, Relevance of PLC, Types of PLC and Strategies across stages of the PLC
Meaning of Product, Goods and Service continuum, Types of Products Levels of Product
Product Mix
Classification of New Product Based on Booz Allen Hamilton Framework
New Product Development Process
Meaning, The Role of Marketing Channels,
Channel functions & flows, Channel Levels
Channel Design: Decisions -
.
Franchising,
Introduction to Wholesaling,
Retailing,
Direct marketing,
Introduction to Omni channel & hybrid channel options.
Concept of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC)
History of Advertising
Advertising Media,
Appeals of Advertising,
Sales Promotion
Public Relation
Public Relation Example Case Study
Promotion Media- Traditional to Digital
Five M’s of Advertising
Designing Effective Marketing Communication Programme
Preparation & evaluation of a product level marketing plan,
Nature & contents of Marketing Plans
Marketing Evaluation & Control
Marketing audit
The document is a presentation on integrated marketing communication (IMC) given by Dr. V. R. Malkar of the Department of MBA at Sanjivani College of Engineering in Kopargaon. It defines IMC as the integration of separate marketing communication tools, like advertising, sales promotion, public relations, personal selling, and direct marketing, into a unified whole to deliver a consistent message, build a brand's image, generate cost savings, create consumer experiences, and focus on results. The presentation discusses the elements and tools of IMC as well as the benefits of taking an integrated approach to marketing communication.
Created by Prof. Dr. Vinod Malkar for the students of MBA and BBA includes Retailing, Retail Management, Evolution of Retailing, store types, unorganised retailing, organised retailing, Career in retailing, Retail Promotion, For More explanation of slides visit to
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5EJbHhHU-pw&t=210s
Interview techniques- Preparation for Placement Dr. Vinod Malkar
This document provides guidance on interview techniques for a final placement interview. It discusses preparing for the interview, including researching the company and job, and knowing your own strengths and weaknesses. During the interview, important topics covered include having good appearance, being prepared to answer common questions about work experience, strengths and weaknesses. The document also provides advice on answering competency-based interview questions using the STAR technique, asking your own questions, and following up after the interview.
Unit no.1 introduction to marketing as per syllabus of pune university basics...Dr. Vinod Malkar
contents Definition & Functions of Marketing.
Scope of Marketing, Core concepts of marketing such as
Need, Want, Demand, Customer Value, Exchange, Customer & Consumer, Customer satisfaction, Customer Delight, Customer Loyalty, Marketing Vs market
1.2 Markets : Definition of market, Competition, key customer markets, Market places, Market spaces, Meta markets.
1.3 Company orientation towards market place: Product, Production, sales, marketing, societal, transactional, relational, holistic marketing orientation, selling vs marketing, Concept of marketing Myopia.
1.4 Introduction to the concept of marketing mix : Origin and concept of Marketing Mix and definition of 7 Ps people process and physical Evidence.
1.5. New Marketing Realities : Major societal forces, new consumer capabilities and new company capabilities
Customer Experience is not only for B2C and big box brands. Embark on a transformative journey into the realm of B2B customer experience with our masterclass. In this dynamic session, we'll delve into the intricacies of designing and implementing seamless customer journeys that leave a lasting impression. Explore proven strategies and best practices tailored specifically for the B2B landscape, learning how to navigate complex decision-making processes and cultivate meaningful relationships with clients. From initial engagement to post-sale support, discover how to optimize every touchpoint to deliver exceptional experiences that drive loyalty and revenue growth. Join us and unlock the keys to unparalleled success in the B2B arena.
Key Takeaways:
1. Identify your customer journey and growth areas
2. Build a three-step customer experience strategy
3. Put your CX data to use and drive action in your organization
We’ve entered a new era in digital. Search and AI are colliding, in more ways than one. And they all have major implications for marketers.
• SEOs now use AI to optimize content.
• Google now uses AI to generate answers.
• Users are skipping search completely. They can now use AI to get answers. So AI has changed everything …or maybe not. Our audience hasn’t changed. Their information needs haven’t changed. Their perception of quality hasn’t changed. In reality, the most important things haven’t changed at all. In this session, you’ll learn the impact of AI. And you’ll learn ways that AI can make us better at the classic challenges: getting discovered, connecting through content and staying top of mind with the people who matter most. We’ll use timely tools to rebuild timeless foundations. We’ll do better basics, but with the most advanced techniques. Andy will share a set of frameworks, prompts and techniques for better digital basics, using the latest tools of today. And in the end, Andy will consider - in a brief glimpse - what might be the biggest change of all, and how to expand your footprint in the new digital landscape.
Key Takeaways:
How to use AI to optimize your content
How to find topics that algorithms love
How to get AI to mention your content and your brand
Conferences like DigiMarCon provide ample opportunities to improve our own marketing programs by learning from others. But just because everyone is jumping on board with the latest idea/tool/metric doesn’t mean it works – or does it? This session will examine the value of today’s hottest digital marketing topics – including AI, paid ads, and social metrics – and the truth about what these shiny objects might be distracting you from.
Key Takeaways:
- How NOT to shoot your digital program in the foot by using flashy but ineffective resources
- The best ways to think about AI in connection with digital marketing
- How to cut through self-serving marketing advice and engage in channels that truly grow your business
Google Ads Vs Social Media Ads-A comparative analysisakashrawdot
Explore the differences, advantages, and strategies of using Google Ads vs Social Media Ads for online advertising. This presentation will provide insights into how each platform operates, their unique features, and how they can be leveraged to achieve marketing goals.
Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics
In the current market landscape, establishing genuine connections with consumers is crucial. This presentation, "Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics," explores how influencers have become pivotal in shaping brand-consumer relationships. We will examine the strategic use of influencers to create authentic, engaging narratives that resonate deeply with target audiences, driving success in the evolved purchase funnel.
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era"" is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
Efficient Website Management for Digital Marketing ProsLauren Polinsky
Learn how to optimize website projects, leverage SEO tactics effectively, and implement product-led marketing approaches for enhanced digital presence and ROI.
This session is your key to unlocking the secrets of successful digital marketing campaigns and maximizing your business's online potential.
Actionable tactics you can apply after this session:
- Streamlined Website Management: Discover techniques to streamline website development, manage day-to-day operations efficiently, and ensure smooth project execution.
- Effective SEO Practices: Gain valuable insights into optimizing your website for search engines, improving visibility, and driving organic traffic to your digital assets.
- Leverage Product-Led Marketing: Explore strategies for incorporating product-led marketing principles into your digital marketing efforts, enhancing user engagement and driving conversions.
Don't miss out on this opportunity to elevate your digital marketing game and achieve tangible results!
Mastering Dynamic Web Designing A Comprehensive Guide.pdfIbrandizer
Dynamic Web Designing involves creating interactive and adaptable web pages that respond to user input and change dynamically, enhancing user experience with real-time data, animations, and personalized content tailored to individual preferences.
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Digital Marketing is a latest method of Marketing techniques widely used across the Globe. Digital Marketing is an online marketing technique and methods used for all products and services through Search Engine and Social media advertisements. Previously the marketing techniques were used without using the internet via direct and indirect marketing strategies such as advertising through Telemarketing,Newspapers,Televisions,Posters etc.
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5. Campaigns
Importance | Need of Digital Marketing (Online Promotions) :
1. Quick Promotions through Online
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3. Latest Technology development vs Business promotions
4. Creation of Social Branding
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With Regards
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Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era"" is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
We will explore the transformative journey of American Bath Group as they transitioned from a traditional monolithic CMS to a dynamic, composable martech framework using Kontent.ai. Discover the strategic decisions, challenges, and key benefits realized through adopting a headless CMS approach. Learn how composable business models empower marketers with flexibility, speed, and integration capabilities, ultimately enhancing digital experiences and operational efficiency. This session is essential for marketers looking to understand the practical impacts and advantages of composable technology in today's digital landscape. Join us to gain valuable insights and actionable takeaways from a real-world implementation that redefines the boundaries of marketing technology.
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
In this dynamic session titled "Future-Proof Like Beyoncé: Syncing Email and Social Media for Iconic Brand Longevity," Carlos Gil, U.S. Brand Evangelist for GetResponse, unveils how to safeguard and elevate your digital marketing strategy. Explore how integrating email marketing with social media can not only increase your brand's reach but also secure its future in the ever-changing digital landscape. Carlos will share invaluable insights on developing a robust email list, leveraging data integration for targeted campaigns, and implementing AI tools to enhance cross-platform engagement. Attendees will learn how to maintain a consistent brand voice across all channels and adapt to platform changes proactively. This session is essential for marketers aiming to diversify their online presence and minimize dependence on any single platform. Join Carlos to discover how to turn social media followers into loyal email subscribers and ultimately, drive sustainable growth and revenue for your brand. By harnessing the best practices and innovative strategies discussed, you will be equipped to navigate the challenges of the digital age, ensuring your brand remains relevant and resonant with your audience, no matter the platform. Don’t miss this opportunity to transform your approach and achieve iconic brand longevity akin to Beyoncé's enduring influence in the entertainment industry.
Key Takeaways:
Integration of Email and Social Media: Understanding how to seamlessly integrate email marketing with social media efforts to expand reach and reinforce brand presence. Building a Robust Email List: Strategies for developing a strong email list that provides a direct line of communication to your audience, independent of social media algorithms. Data Integration for Targeted Campaigns: Leveraging combined data from email and social media to create personalized, targeted marketing campaigns that resonate with the audience. Utilization of AI Tools: Implementing AI and automation tools to enhance efficiency and effectiveness across marketing channels. Consistent Brand Voice Across Platforms: Maintaining a unified brand voice and message across all digital platforms to strengthen brand identity and user trust. Proactive Adaptation to Platform Changes: Staying ahead of social media platform changes and algorithm updates to keep engagement high and interactions meaningful. Conversion of Social Followers to Email Subscribers: Techniques to encourage social media followers to subscribe to email, ensuring a direct and consistent connection. Sustainable Growth and Minimized Platform Dependence: Strategies to diversify digital presence and reduce reliance on any single social media platform, thereby mitigating risks associated with platform volatility.
Are you struggling to differentiate yourself in a saturated market? Do you find it challenging to attract and retain buyers? Learn how to effectively communicate your expertise using a Free Book Funnel designed to address these challenges and attract premium clients. This session will explore how a well-crafted book can be your most effective marketing tool, enhancing your credibility while significantly increasing your leads and sales while decreasing overall lead cost. Unpacking practical steps to create a magnetic book funnel that not only draws in your ideal customers, but also keeps them engaged. Break through the noise in the marketing world and leave with a blueprint that will transform your sales strategy.
Trust Element Assessment: How Your Online Presence Affects Outbound Lead Gene...Martal Group
Learn how your business's online presence affects outbound lead generation and what you can do to improve it with a complimentary 13-Point Trust Element Assessment.
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Did you know that while 50% of content on the internet is in English, English only makes up 26% of the world’s spoken language? And yet 87% of customers won’t buy from an English only website.
Uncover the immense potential of communicating with customers in their own language and learn how translation holds the key to unlocking global growth. Join Smartling CEO, Bryan Murphy, as he reveals how translation software can streamline the translation process and seamlessly integrate into your martech stack for optimal efficiency. And that's not all – he’ll also share some inspiring success stories and practical tips that will turbocharge your multilingual marketing efforts!
Key takeaways:
1. The growth potential of reaching customers in their native language
2. Tips to streamline translation with software and integrations to your tech stack
3. Success stories from companies that have increased lead generation, doubled revenue, and more with translation
Global Growth Starts With Translation - How To Unlock Global Markets - Tim Kirby
Agri marketing management 2018 dr. vinod malkar
1. Agri-Marketing
Management
By
Dr. V. R. Malkar
Professor & Head, Dept. of MBA,
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon
www.sanjivani.org.in, vinod.malkar@gmail.com
1
2. Agri- Marketing
Agri Marketing has two aspects
1. Input Marketing
Manufacturer - Farmer
2. Output Marketing
Farmer-- Consumer
2
3. Input Marketing
Marketing of products required for
agricultural production.
e.g.
Seeds, Pesticides, Fertilizers
Tractors, pump sets, spray pumps,
ploughs.
Cattle feed, poultry feed, aqua feed.
Marketing services-Agri services,
maintenance repair shops, health care
services. 3
4. Output Marketing
Marketing of products produced by farmers.
Farmers Consumer
Food grains
Vegetables
Fruits
Milk
To reach the products from farmer to consumer in
case of output marketing and the product from the
manufacturer to farmer contents multiple types of
activity.
4
5. Four Ps of Agriculture Marketing
Product
Price
Place / physical distribution
Promotion
5
6. Marketing Mix
TARGET
MARKET
Product Mix
Product Design
Product Quality
Brand
Packaging
Service Range
Price Mix
Basic Price
Terms of Credit
Allowance
Credit
Promotion Mix
Personal Selling
Advertising
Sales Promotion
Publicity
Place Mix
Channels
Transport
Inventory
Storage
6
7. Product Mix
Product is a bundle of utilities and features
that give satisfaction to the consumer, it
may be physical or psychological
satisfaction.
It has following components
Product Range
Service after sales
Brand and packaging
7
8. Product Mix
People satisfy their needs and wants with
products. A product is anything that can
be offered to satisfy the needs and wants.
A product is a set of attributes assembled
together in identifiable form.
Product can be goods, services, places,
persons and ideas.
8
10. The Difference between product and
service is that, service is intangible which
does not result in ownership of anything.
Product includes packaging, color, price ,
quality, and brand plus the sellers services
and reputation.
10
11. Packaging
Packaging is a art and /or Science concerned with the
development and use of materials, methods and equipment for
applying a product to a container or vice versa designed to protect
the product throughout various stages of distribution.
Packaging is the broad activity that requires careful consideration
by management.
Packaging is often described as “ A silent Salesman”.
Packaging is a process of covering, wrapping of goods into
package.
11
12. Types of Packaging
Re-use packaging: Sugar Bardan bag, seeds cloth bag, Cattle feed
bag, etc.
Family Packaging: common for all products e.g. cosmetics
Multiple packaging: Number of products in single pack.
Ecological Packaging: Use of returnable bottles and containers,
use of light weight packaging material etc.
Fractional Packaging: available in various quantity like 100ml,
250ml, 500ml 1000ml etc.
Refill Packs: Bru, Bounvita are now coming in refill packs. The
refill packs sold at slightly lower price than the regular price.
12
13. New Trends In Packaging
Tetra pack is the new development in food packaging.
The special feature of this tetra packs is that the package as well
as the contents are sterilized and human handling is dispensed
with.
This package consist of several thin layers of polythene foil and
paper .
Parle Frooti are marketed in aseptic tetra pack.
There are several other innovative ways in which packaging can
be used for achieving higher sales.
In the area of processed foods, the self life of the product is an
important.
The increased shelf life is to a large extent due to better
packaging.
13
14. Promotional Packaging Techniques
Coupon Pack: A coupon either as a part of package or placed
separately in the package.
Money Pack: A flash in distinctive color is superimposed on the
package, announcing special prize discount being offered.
Premium Package: A Specially made package having either a
reuse or prestige value.
Self Liquidator: The buyer has to send a number of packages or
part thereof as evidence of buying the product to the company. In
return he purchases additional quantity of the same product at
reduced prices or be rewarded different product.
14
15. Branding
A Brand name is a means of identification of the product as well as the
means of differentiation of the branded product from its rivals.
Branding means giving distinctive name or symbol to a product for its
identification of the product.
Brand is differentiated or Identified by
Name
Symbol
Picture
Color
Design of package
Lettering fonts
Slogans
15
17. Needs of Branding
Increasing Competition
Need of advertising and publicity
Development of consumer
Consciousness as a brand image in mind.
Expectation of consumer from product
about Quality, Durability increases.
17
18. Importance of Branding
Branding enables the firm assured control over the market.
Repeat sales
Product substitution is not possible.
Sale is not remain in the hands of middleman.
Bright image of the organization.
Protection to the consumer about quality.
Branding reduces price flexibility.
Manufacturer gets good price of the product.
18
19. Essentials of good Brand
A brand should suggest something about the products benefits.
E.g. Lijjat Papad, Vicco Vajradanti, Saver.
The name should be short simple, easy to pronounce, to spell and
remember, easy to identify and explain.
The brand name should be capable of being registered and
protected legally under the legislation.
The brand should be stable life and be unaffected by time.
The brand should create pleasant association.
The brand name should be unique, attractive and distinctive.
19
20. Types of Brands
Individual Brand Name: Each product has a special and unique
brand name. e.g. surf, vicks, thumsup, mirinda, Lux, Lifeboy etc.
Family Brand Name: Under one name line of products
e.g. Amul, Ponds, Syngenta, Buyer, Mehyco etc.
Umbrella Brand Name : All products such as soaps, chemicals,
Textile, Engineering etc
e.g. TATA, Reliance etc.
Combination Device: Each Business house attaching the umbrella
name. e.g. TATA Indicom, Reliance Petroleum, Reliance
communication etc.
20
21. Price Mix
Price is the valuation placed upon the
product by the marketer. It has to cover
pricing, discounts, allowances and terms
of credit.
This includes the pricing policies and
procedures relating to
Price Level
Price policy
Margins
21
22. Pricing
Price is the exchange value of the product or
service is always expressed in money.
The price is the amount charged for the product
including any warranties or guarantees, delivery
discounts, services or other items that are the
part of the conditions of sale and are not paid for.
Pricing is equivalent to total product offerings.
It is a powerful marketing instrument.
As a Marketing weapon, pricing is the “Big Gun”.
22
23. Pricing the product is an important and critical
activity .
If a lower price is fixed, it will affect the
profitability of a business and if a higher price is
fixed, the product will not be able stand in
competition and may be priced out the market.
Price is a source to income to distribution.
There is no universally accepted criteria for
pricing technique.
23
24. The factors generally influence the pricing are
1. Influence of cost of the product
2. Discounts
3. Allowances
4. Competition
5. Channel of Distribution
6. Government interference.
A manufacturer tries to set such prices which enables the
enterprise to maximize its profits.
Three C’s of pricing are required to be considered
1. Consumer Demand
2. Competition
3. Cost of the product.
24
25. Place/ Distribution Mix
Distribution is the delivery of the product
to consumer and his right to consume.
It includes channels of distribution.
Transportation
Warehousing
Inventory
25
26. Physical distribution is the movement of right product to
the right customer at the right time at right place and at
the right price
Physical Distribution involves planning, implementing and
controlling the physical flow of materials and final goods
from point of origin to point of use to meet customer
requirement at profit.
26
27. Marketing Channels
Marketing channels can be viewed as sets of
interdependent organizations involved in the process
of making the product or service available for use of
consumption.
A marketing channel performs the work of moving
goods from producer to consumer.
Channel Members are intermediaries between the
manufacturer and the consumer
27
28. •Marketing- channels Function
Information
Promotion
Negotiation
Ordering
Financing
Risk Taking
Physical Possession
Payment
Title
28
29. Promotion Mix
Promotion is the persuasive
communication about the product by the
offerer to the prospects.
It covers
Personal Selling
Advertising
Sales Promotion
Publicity
29
30. 5 Ms of Advertising
Mission
•Sales goals
•Advertising
objectives
Money
Factors:
•Stage in PLC
•Market share
and
Consumer base
•Competition
and culture
•Advertising
Frequency
•Product
substitutability
Message
•Generation
•Evaluation
•Selection
•Execution
•Social responsibility
Review
Media
•Reach, Frequency,
Impact.
• Major Media types.
•Specific Media
Vehicles
•Media Timing.
•Geographically Media
• Allocation
Measurement
Communication
Impact
Sales Impact
30
31. Sales Promotion
Sales promotion consist diverse collection of
incentive tools, mostly short term, design to
stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular
products or services by consumer or the trade.
Purpose
To purchase greater volume of product.
To switch away customer from competitors brand.
To achieve sales target.
Building trials among non users.
31
32. Key functional area of marketing
communication
Sales Promotion :
Contests,
games,
sweepstakes
Lotteries,
premiums and gifts,
sampling,
fairs and tradeshows,
Exhibits,
Demonstrations,
Coupons,
Rebates,
Low-interest financing,
Entertainment,
Trade in allowances,.
32
33. Case Study
A company wishes to launch a new variety
of Wheat seeds, which can effectively
prevents all diseases, tasty for eating and
gives yield 40 quintal par acre. But the
seed market is highly crowded with
multiple brands. Assume you were to
evolve a marketing communication.
33
34. Facts of the cases
To launch new variety of Wheat seeds,
which can effectively prevents all
diseases, tasty for eating and gives yield
40 quintal par acre.
Highly crowded seed market with multiple
brands.
Evolve marketing Communication strategy
34
35. Problem Area
Launching of new product.
Evolution of Marketing communication
strategy for the new product
Advertising Theme
Sales promotional Budget.
35
36. Case Analysis
Here the company wants to launch new
product. Product is in introductory stage in
PLC.
For new product development company
should consider following points
Customer psychology
Customer Behavior
Changing customer lifestyle
Standard of living
Technological Change
Government policy
36
37. New Product Development process
Idea Generation
Identifying Prospective customer
Concept Development and Testing
Feasibility Analysis
Product Development
Test Marketing
Launching of product
Commercialization
37
38. New Product Development
Idea Generation: The process of new product development
starts with the search of new product ideas. Here the idea
is to launch Wheat seeds, which can effectively prevents all
diseases, tasty for eating and gives yield 40 quintal par
acre
Identify prospectus and defining target market: Here the
prospectus is farmer having good source of water and
wants to grow the wheat.
38
39. Concept Development And Testing
The Product events are
Product Idea: Wheat seeds, which can effectively
prevents all diseases, tasty for eating and gives
yield 40 quintal par acre.
Product Concept: Elaborated Version of the above
idea in the customers terms.
Product image: Particular picture about the
wheat seed in the minds of the customer.
39
40. Feasibility Analysis
To conduct market feasibility study consider
Estimation of demand and competitive analysis
Forecasting sales base on demand and
competitive analysis
Estimation of cost of serving the market segment
Based on cost and anticipated sales revenue,
calculate the break even price and the sales
volume.
40
41. Product Development and test
marketing
Here the product idea moves from the concept
design broads to R & D and manufacturing for
physical development.
Test Marketing: New wheat seed is tested in
different region and check.
Diseases
Yield per acre
Taste
No. of Days
Height
41
46. Product
Quality: Tasty to eat and the chapati
should remain soft upto 5 hours.
Appearance: Big and selected wheat free
from dust and other material.
Packaging : In 20, 30, 40 kg in a durable
bag having a facility of lifting handle.
Attractive color combination with more
highlight to name symbol and slogan
46
47. Price
For 20 Kg Rs. 600/-
For 30 Kg Rs. 1150/-
For 40 Kg Rs. 1700/-
47
49. Distribution Channel
Availability of product in rural area as well
as Urban Area. Majority given to urban
area. Home delivery system for bulk
purchasing
Manufacturer
Dealer
Retailers
Customer
49