Africa has several geographical features that have impacted its development. It has many river basins whose rivers provide water but are difficult to navigate due to waterfalls and rapids. The Nile River is a notable exception as it flows north relatively straight. Africa also has many lakes formed in rift valleys created by the splitting of tectonic plates. While Africa has many natural resources like minerals and oil, countries have struggled to benefit from these due to a lack of industry and political instability.