The document discusses advertising and marketing. It describes the purpose of advertising as persuading consumers to buy products and services. It outlines various advertising outlets including newspapers, television, and online ads. The document also discusses techniques advertisers use to appeal to consumers through emotions, and regulations that are in place to ensure advertising is not misleading. It provides information on packaging, labeling, payment methods, and factors shops manipulate to encourage spending.
This document contains vocabulary related to travel, sightseeing, and going on holiday. It includes words like visa, hotel, luggage, transportation methods like plane, train, boat, and activities like hiking, visiting art galleries and restaurants, sightseeing at places of interest. It also asks questions about travel preferences, experiences visiting places, and opinions on traveling to space.
This document discusses the importance of mothers and how Mother's Day is celebrated around the world. It begins by describing mothers as special, industrious, kind-hearted, and caring for their children. It then provides details about how Mother's Day is celebrated in different countries, such as Great Britain, the United States, and Russia. In the US, children serve their mothers breakfast in bed or give gifts. Russia celebrates Mother's Day in November with forget-me-not flowers as a symbol of memory and devotion. Overall, the document highlights the significance of mothers and various traditions associated with honoring them on Mother's Day internationally.
This document provides information about invitation cards and postcards. It defines invitation cards as cards used to invite people to events like birthdays or weddings, and notes they contain details like the event name, time, place, and additional information. Postcards are defined as cards that can be sent through the mail without an envelope, often featuring a picture. The document then provides templates and examples of properly formatted invitation cards and postcards, and describes students practicing making these items both digitally using laptops and manually without technology.
The document discusses the history and origins of Mother's Day. It describes how Anna Jarvis campaigned to establish an official day to honor mothers after her own mother's death. Anna started the tradition of Mother's Day in the United States in the early 1900s through letter writing campaigns and working with influential supporters. By 1914, Mother's Day was officially recognized as a national holiday to be celebrated on the second Sunday of May. However, Anna later regretted its commercialization and spent her life trying to return it to its sentimental roots.
The document discusses the benefits of friendship, including fun, sharing feelings, learning new skills, finding support and understanding, and feeling needed. It notes that friendships can be between the same gender, boy-girl, or in groups. Good friendships are characterized by shared interests, values, trust, honesty, respect, cooperation, reliability, support, understanding, sensitivity, forgiveness, and tolerance. The document provides tips for making friends, such as participating in shared interests, being confident, smiling, listening, being yourself, accepting imperfections, compromising, allowing for disagreements, giving space, being choosy, and showing interest in others. The overall message is that to have a friend, one must be a friend.
This document provides instructions for writing an informal letter to a friend who has been caught smoking, advising them to stop. It outlines the format, including adding address details in the top left corner and beginning the letter with "Dear [Friend's Name]". The body of the letter should use the first paragraph to ask about the friend's life, and the second paragraph to advise them about the dangers of smoking and reasons to quit, referring them to included web resources. The letter should be signed off with "I hope to hear from you soon" and the writer's name.
Advertising as a Means of CommunicationIshan Parekh
This document discusses different types of advertising such as print, outdoor, broadcast, covert, surrogate, public service, product, classified, and corporate advertising. It also discusses the objectives of advertising like increasing sales and brand awareness. Additionally, it covers advertising techniques and models like the AIDA model. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of creativity in advertising.
The document provides guidelines for writing effective instructions, including establishing clear purposes such as enabling users to complete tasks, and including necessary information like steps, materials, and warnings. It discusses key elements of instructions like sequential order, visuals, an appropriate level of detail, and using headings to organize information. The document also presents examples of proper and improper language for writing instructions.
This document contains vocabulary related to travel, sightseeing, and going on holiday. It includes words like visa, hotel, luggage, transportation methods like plane, train, boat, and activities like hiking, visiting art galleries and restaurants, sightseeing at places of interest. It also asks questions about travel preferences, experiences visiting places, and opinions on traveling to space.
This document discusses the importance of mothers and how Mother's Day is celebrated around the world. It begins by describing mothers as special, industrious, kind-hearted, and caring for their children. It then provides details about how Mother's Day is celebrated in different countries, such as Great Britain, the United States, and Russia. In the US, children serve their mothers breakfast in bed or give gifts. Russia celebrates Mother's Day in November with forget-me-not flowers as a symbol of memory and devotion. Overall, the document highlights the significance of mothers and various traditions associated with honoring them on Mother's Day internationally.
This document provides information about invitation cards and postcards. It defines invitation cards as cards used to invite people to events like birthdays or weddings, and notes they contain details like the event name, time, place, and additional information. Postcards are defined as cards that can be sent through the mail without an envelope, often featuring a picture. The document then provides templates and examples of properly formatted invitation cards and postcards, and describes students practicing making these items both digitally using laptops and manually without technology.
The document discusses the history and origins of Mother's Day. It describes how Anna Jarvis campaigned to establish an official day to honor mothers after her own mother's death. Anna started the tradition of Mother's Day in the United States in the early 1900s through letter writing campaigns and working with influential supporters. By 1914, Mother's Day was officially recognized as a national holiday to be celebrated on the second Sunday of May. However, Anna later regretted its commercialization and spent her life trying to return it to its sentimental roots.
The document discusses the benefits of friendship, including fun, sharing feelings, learning new skills, finding support and understanding, and feeling needed. It notes that friendships can be between the same gender, boy-girl, or in groups. Good friendships are characterized by shared interests, values, trust, honesty, respect, cooperation, reliability, support, understanding, sensitivity, forgiveness, and tolerance. The document provides tips for making friends, such as participating in shared interests, being confident, smiling, listening, being yourself, accepting imperfections, compromising, allowing for disagreements, giving space, being choosy, and showing interest in others. The overall message is that to have a friend, one must be a friend.
This document provides instructions for writing an informal letter to a friend who has been caught smoking, advising them to stop. It outlines the format, including adding address details in the top left corner and beginning the letter with "Dear [Friend's Name]". The body of the letter should use the first paragraph to ask about the friend's life, and the second paragraph to advise them about the dangers of smoking and reasons to quit, referring them to included web resources. The letter should be signed off with "I hope to hear from you soon" and the writer's name.
Advertising as a Means of CommunicationIshan Parekh
This document discusses different types of advertising such as print, outdoor, broadcast, covert, surrogate, public service, product, classified, and corporate advertising. It also discusses the objectives of advertising like increasing sales and brand awareness. Additionally, it covers advertising techniques and models like the AIDA model. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of creativity in advertising.
The document provides guidelines for writing effective instructions, including establishing clear purposes such as enabling users to complete tasks, and including necessary information like steps, materials, and warnings. It discusses key elements of instructions like sequential order, visuals, an appropriate level of detail, and using headings to organize information. The document also presents examples of proper and improper language for writing instructions.
The document discusses invitation cards/letters, which aim to invite people to events. There are two types - formal and informal. An invitation card should include the title or type of event, orientation, date and time, and closing. It provides key details like the place, date, time, and expresses that the sender hopes the receiver can attend. Common words found are come, place, time, sender, receiver, address, and occasion. Examples given are birthday, wedding, and reunion invitations.
This poem expresses gratitude and love for one's mother. It describes how a mother is always there to support and care for her child from infancy through adulthood. The mother celebrates each milestone and provides for her child's needs, even at the expense of her own. Now older, the mother still thinks of her child with love. The poem encourages showing appreciation for one's mother before it's too late.
This document contains 20 questions related to travel preferences and experiences. It asks about countries visited and desired to visit, travel companions, transportation methods, budgeting, visa requirements, souvenirs, seasons to travel, airlines, and reasons for travel. The questions cover topics like best destinations, travel photography, health issues while traveling, driver's licenses, and working as a tour guide.
This document provides information and examples for writing an informal letter to a close friend. It includes tips for the layout such as including your address, date, greeting, introduction, body, and closing. Useful phrases are given for different parts of the letter like thanking for a previous letter or apologizing for not writing sooner. An example letter is then shown from Katie to her friend Maria, catching up on their recent activities and plans to meet up.
The document discusses the benefits of generosity. It states that generous people who contribute their time, money and kindness experience greater health, happiness and confidence. Being generous can reduce stress, enhance purpose, improve relationships and increase longevity. The act of giving opens one's heart and shifts the focus away from oneself. While generosity benefits the recipient, it changes the giver even more by allowing them to see the world in a broader way. The document provides tips on being emotionally and thoughtfully generous through acts of kindness, quality time and communication tailored to an individual's needs.
The document discusses the objectives, reasons, and means of advertisements. It notes that advertisements are used to encourage or persuade an audience to take action. The objectives of advertisements include awareness, knowledge, liking, preference, conviction, and purchase. Reasons for advertisements include increasing sales, creating brand identity, communicating changes, and introducing new products. Means of advertisements discussed include mass media like newspapers, magazines, television, radio, as well as outdoor advertisements, direct mail, websites, and events.
The document contains questions about various topics in a person's life including family, hometown, English studies, trips, hobbies, routine, likes and dislikes, internet use, friends, pets, and work. It asks about family size and parents' jobs, where they live, hobbies and how often they are practiced, favorite TV shows and music, how internet is used, details about best friends, pets owned, current job and how long they have worked. The questions provide insight into key aspects of a person's personal and professional life.
The document contains an excerpt from an English lesson for senior high school students in Indonesia. It includes activities to build knowledge about hortatory exposition texts, which aim to advise or persuade. The activities include reading comprehension questions, filling in vocabulary words, practicing dialogues, and analyzing speech functions and modal verbs. The lesson teaches students how to identify different parts of hortatory exposition texts, such as the thesis, arguments, and recommendation. It also includes a model hortatory exposition speech for students to read aloud and analyze.
The document discusses consumer rights and responsibilities in India. It provides definitions of a consumer and consumerism. It outlines the key government ministry and departments responsible for consumer affairs in India. The National Consumer Protection Act of 1986 established a three-tier quasi-judicial system for consumer dispute resolution. The act defined six rights for consumers: safety, to be informed, to choose, to be heard, to seek redressal, and to consumer education. The objectives of consumer protection and awareness in India are also summarized.
This document discusses adolescent decision making. It notes that effective decision making is a skill that must be learned and practiced, and ineffective decision making can lead to long-term negative consequences. It outlines cognitive and brain development factors that influence adolescent decision making. Specifically, it discusses how the prefrontal cortex, which controls impulses, is not fully developed in adolescence. This can impair ability to control impulses and increase risk-taking behavior. The document also examines common decision making biases and strategies that can be taught to help adolescents make better decisions, such as considering multiple options and consequences of choices.
This document provides an overview of online and offline shopping. It defines online shopping as purchasing goods directly from sellers over the internet without an intermediary. Offline shopping involves purchasing products from physical stores. Both models provide benefits like convenience, but online shopping allows geographic and time flexibility while offline shopping offers the ability to physically see items. The document also discusses risks of online shopping like fraud and difficulties in returns. Overall it analyzes the differences and similarities between online and offline shopping experiences.
The document discusses consumer rights in India. It defines a consumer and consumer rights. The government of India has provided six main rights to consumers under the Consumer Protection Act: right to safety, right to information, right to choose, right to be heard, right to seek redressal, and right to consumer education. Each right is then briefly described.
Saving means regularly putting aside money each week or month. People may save for emergencies, large purchases, retirement or education. It is good for families to save as it provides security for unexpected costs, allows purchasing big items, and can help pay for education. Common methods for saving include piggy banks, banks, post offices, building societies which offer banking and loans, and credit unions which are owned by members and offer services like loans. Choosing a saving method depends on the interest rate and ease of withdrawing funds from the account.
Consumer protection laws aim to protect consumers from unfair business practices and ensure they receive appropriate redress for faulty goods or services. The Consumer Information Act 1978 prohibits false or misleading claims about price and features of goods and services. The Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980 requires goods to be of merchantable quality, fit for purpose, and as described. It also applies to services and allows consumers to receive refunds, repairs, replacements or partial compensation for issues. Consumers can make complaints to shops, consumer organizations, or small claims courts. While businesses cannot refuse refunds for faulty items, consumers must return goods promptly and cannot alter them to be entitled to redress.
This document discusses common home accidents and provides tips for prevention. It notes that accidents are often caused by careless behavior, incorrect appliance use, unsafe storage, or poor home design. Simple measures like improving lighting, removing tripping hazards, and being more careful can prevent many accidents. Specific tips include using non-slip rugs, safety gates, and handrails. The document also gives safety advice around electrical wiring, fire hazards, and having a fire escape plan. Being aware of potential dangers and taking precautions can help ensure home safety.
This document defines key concepts related to consumers, goods, services, needs, wants, rights and responsibilities. It discusses that consumers are anyone who uses goods or services. Goods are products bought, while services involve work done for payment, like hairdressing. Needs are things required for survival, while wants are desires but not necessities. Consumer rights include truthful information, choice, value for money, safety and redress. Responsibilities involve knowing rights/laws and making informed choices. Resources are anything used in a task, and decision making follows steps of identifying problems and alternatives before choosing and evaluating. Factors influencing decisions internal like preferences or external like advertising.
The document contains three consumer problem summaries:
1) A customer bought an iPhone that stopped working after two weeks but the shop claimed it must have been damaged and refused a refund.
2) A shop's sale items cannot be tried on or exchanged according to signs, but the customer questions if the retailer can do this.
3) A customer returned a faulty hair straightener but the shop manager only offered a credit note, not a cash refund, and the customer believes they were entitled to the refund.
The consumer bought an iPhone that stopped working within two weeks. When they brought it back to the shop, the shop claimed it must have been dropped or sat on, but the consumer insists this did not happen. The document advises the consumer that under Irish law, goods must be of merchantable quality and fit for purpose, so the consumer is entitled to a refund, replacement, or repair. It recommends bringing the iPhone back to the manager and insisting on a refund or replacement, and pursuing further action like making a small claims case if needed.
This document lists several quality symbols used by different organizations to indicate standards of quality control. Some of the symbols mentioned are the Guaranteed National symbol from Ireland, the Irish Standards Authority of Ireland symbol, the British Quality Control Standards symbol, and the Woolmark symbol from the Design Council Organisation.
Microwave ovens and refrigerators are appliances that help prepare and store food. When choosing a microwave oven, consider factors like price, wattage, safety features, and brand. Microwave ovens cook and reheat food quickly while retaining nutrients. Refrigerators keep food fresh by removing heat and slowing bacteria growth. Factors to consider when choosing a refrigerator include size, energy efficiency, and features. Both appliances require following instructions for proper use and cleaning to work safely and effectively.
The document discusses invitation cards/letters, which aim to invite people to events. There are two types - formal and informal. An invitation card should include the title or type of event, orientation, date and time, and closing. It provides key details like the place, date, time, and expresses that the sender hopes the receiver can attend. Common words found are come, place, time, sender, receiver, address, and occasion. Examples given are birthday, wedding, and reunion invitations.
This poem expresses gratitude and love for one's mother. It describes how a mother is always there to support and care for her child from infancy through adulthood. The mother celebrates each milestone and provides for her child's needs, even at the expense of her own. Now older, the mother still thinks of her child with love. The poem encourages showing appreciation for one's mother before it's too late.
This document contains 20 questions related to travel preferences and experiences. It asks about countries visited and desired to visit, travel companions, transportation methods, budgeting, visa requirements, souvenirs, seasons to travel, airlines, and reasons for travel. The questions cover topics like best destinations, travel photography, health issues while traveling, driver's licenses, and working as a tour guide.
This document provides information and examples for writing an informal letter to a close friend. It includes tips for the layout such as including your address, date, greeting, introduction, body, and closing. Useful phrases are given for different parts of the letter like thanking for a previous letter or apologizing for not writing sooner. An example letter is then shown from Katie to her friend Maria, catching up on their recent activities and plans to meet up.
The document discusses the benefits of generosity. It states that generous people who contribute their time, money and kindness experience greater health, happiness and confidence. Being generous can reduce stress, enhance purpose, improve relationships and increase longevity. The act of giving opens one's heart and shifts the focus away from oneself. While generosity benefits the recipient, it changes the giver even more by allowing them to see the world in a broader way. The document provides tips on being emotionally and thoughtfully generous through acts of kindness, quality time and communication tailored to an individual's needs.
The document discusses the objectives, reasons, and means of advertisements. It notes that advertisements are used to encourage or persuade an audience to take action. The objectives of advertisements include awareness, knowledge, liking, preference, conviction, and purchase. Reasons for advertisements include increasing sales, creating brand identity, communicating changes, and introducing new products. Means of advertisements discussed include mass media like newspapers, magazines, television, radio, as well as outdoor advertisements, direct mail, websites, and events.
The document contains questions about various topics in a person's life including family, hometown, English studies, trips, hobbies, routine, likes and dislikes, internet use, friends, pets, and work. It asks about family size and parents' jobs, where they live, hobbies and how often they are practiced, favorite TV shows and music, how internet is used, details about best friends, pets owned, current job and how long they have worked. The questions provide insight into key aspects of a person's personal and professional life.
The document contains an excerpt from an English lesson for senior high school students in Indonesia. It includes activities to build knowledge about hortatory exposition texts, which aim to advise or persuade. The activities include reading comprehension questions, filling in vocabulary words, practicing dialogues, and analyzing speech functions and modal verbs. The lesson teaches students how to identify different parts of hortatory exposition texts, such as the thesis, arguments, and recommendation. It also includes a model hortatory exposition speech for students to read aloud and analyze.
The document discusses consumer rights and responsibilities in India. It provides definitions of a consumer and consumerism. It outlines the key government ministry and departments responsible for consumer affairs in India. The National Consumer Protection Act of 1986 established a three-tier quasi-judicial system for consumer dispute resolution. The act defined six rights for consumers: safety, to be informed, to choose, to be heard, to seek redressal, and to consumer education. The objectives of consumer protection and awareness in India are also summarized.
This document discusses adolescent decision making. It notes that effective decision making is a skill that must be learned and practiced, and ineffective decision making can lead to long-term negative consequences. It outlines cognitive and brain development factors that influence adolescent decision making. Specifically, it discusses how the prefrontal cortex, which controls impulses, is not fully developed in adolescence. This can impair ability to control impulses and increase risk-taking behavior. The document also examines common decision making biases and strategies that can be taught to help adolescents make better decisions, such as considering multiple options and consequences of choices.
This document provides an overview of online and offline shopping. It defines online shopping as purchasing goods directly from sellers over the internet without an intermediary. Offline shopping involves purchasing products from physical stores. Both models provide benefits like convenience, but online shopping allows geographic and time flexibility while offline shopping offers the ability to physically see items. The document also discusses risks of online shopping like fraud and difficulties in returns. Overall it analyzes the differences and similarities between online and offline shopping experiences.
The document discusses consumer rights in India. It defines a consumer and consumer rights. The government of India has provided six main rights to consumers under the Consumer Protection Act: right to safety, right to information, right to choose, right to be heard, right to seek redressal, and right to consumer education. Each right is then briefly described.
Saving means regularly putting aside money each week or month. People may save for emergencies, large purchases, retirement or education. It is good for families to save as it provides security for unexpected costs, allows purchasing big items, and can help pay for education. Common methods for saving include piggy banks, banks, post offices, building societies which offer banking and loans, and credit unions which are owned by members and offer services like loans. Choosing a saving method depends on the interest rate and ease of withdrawing funds from the account.
Consumer protection laws aim to protect consumers from unfair business practices and ensure they receive appropriate redress for faulty goods or services. The Consumer Information Act 1978 prohibits false or misleading claims about price and features of goods and services. The Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980 requires goods to be of merchantable quality, fit for purpose, and as described. It also applies to services and allows consumers to receive refunds, repairs, replacements or partial compensation for issues. Consumers can make complaints to shops, consumer organizations, or small claims courts. While businesses cannot refuse refunds for faulty items, consumers must return goods promptly and cannot alter them to be entitled to redress.
This document discusses common home accidents and provides tips for prevention. It notes that accidents are often caused by careless behavior, incorrect appliance use, unsafe storage, or poor home design. Simple measures like improving lighting, removing tripping hazards, and being more careful can prevent many accidents. Specific tips include using non-slip rugs, safety gates, and handrails. The document also gives safety advice around electrical wiring, fire hazards, and having a fire escape plan. Being aware of potential dangers and taking precautions can help ensure home safety.
This document defines key concepts related to consumers, goods, services, needs, wants, rights and responsibilities. It discusses that consumers are anyone who uses goods or services. Goods are products bought, while services involve work done for payment, like hairdressing. Needs are things required for survival, while wants are desires but not necessities. Consumer rights include truthful information, choice, value for money, safety and redress. Responsibilities involve knowing rights/laws and making informed choices. Resources are anything used in a task, and decision making follows steps of identifying problems and alternatives before choosing and evaluating. Factors influencing decisions internal like preferences or external like advertising.
The document contains three consumer problem summaries:
1) A customer bought an iPhone that stopped working after two weeks but the shop claimed it must have been damaged and refused a refund.
2) A shop's sale items cannot be tried on or exchanged according to signs, but the customer questions if the retailer can do this.
3) A customer returned a faulty hair straightener but the shop manager only offered a credit note, not a cash refund, and the customer believes they were entitled to the refund.
The consumer bought an iPhone that stopped working within two weeks. When they brought it back to the shop, the shop claimed it must have been dropped or sat on, but the consumer insists this did not happen. The document advises the consumer that under Irish law, goods must be of merchantable quality and fit for purpose, so the consumer is entitled to a refund, replacement, or repair. It recommends bringing the iPhone back to the manager and insisting on a refund or replacement, and pursuing further action like making a small claims case if needed.
This document lists several quality symbols used by different organizations to indicate standards of quality control. Some of the symbols mentioned are the Guaranteed National symbol from Ireland, the Irish Standards Authority of Ireland symbol, the British Quality Control Standards symbol, and the Woolmark symbol from the Design Council Organisation.
Microwave ovens and refrigerators are appliances that help prepare and store food. When choosing a microwave oven, consider factors like price, wattage, safety features, and brand. Microwave ovens cook and reheat food quickly while retaining nutrients. Refrigerators keep food fresh by removing heat and slowing bacteria growth. Factors to consider when choosing a refrigerator include size, energy efficiency, and features. Both appliances require following instructions for proper use and cleaning to work safely and effectively.
Testa Concepts is a product development company with 20 years of experience bringing over 500 consumer products to market. They specialize in creative product development and packaging design, working with companies to develop new product lines and branding. One example project was developing innovative packaging and branding for an RV product launch in 2007. Their process focuses on minimizing costs and time while maximizing marketability.
Why Every Business Must Get Ready For The Conscious Consumption TrendBernard Marr
With growing awareness of the climate crisis generally comes a desire for more eco-friendly products. Certainly, in my family, we're keen to understand the impact of what we buy and are regularly asking questions such as, "Is this fair trade?" and "Was this farmed sustainably?" We're trying to be conscious consumers, in other words, seeking to understand the wider impact of our purchases and, wherever possible, choosing more sustainable, responsible alternatives. And as this major business trend shows, we’re not alone.
Social and ethical aspects of advertisementsIshita Godha
The document discusses various social, ethical, and regulatory aspects of advertising. It examines how advertising educates consumers but can also be superficial. It also looks at how advertising can improve living standards but benefits some more than others. Key ethical debates around advertising include truth, targeting of children, and controversial products. The document then analyzes different types of deceptive advertising practices like price, quality, environmental claims and bait-and-switch tactics. It also discusses how advertising targets and influences teenagers using social media, insecurities and data tracking. Finally, it examines how advertising can encourage materialism and how the portrayal of women has evolved over time in advertisements.
This document provides examples of different types of advertising methods including print, broadcast, outdoor, online, mobile, packaging, product placement, guerrilla and more. It discusses constraints in advertising like laws, ethics, money and target audiences. It also gives examples of communication strategies used in advertising like empathy and comparison approaches.
Consumers face many unfair business practices that undermine their rights and interests. These include adulteration of products, use of false weights and measures to cheat customers, misleading advertisements, sale of substandard goods that can cause harm. While consumers have basic rights, businesses often take advantage of consumers' lack of awareness and inability to verify quality. Consumer protection aims to address this imbalance and safeguard consumers from exploitative practices through measures that educate consumers and give them avenues for redressal when rights are violated.
This document provides an overview of different types of advertising and examples of each type. It discusses newspaper, magazine, radio, television, outdoor, door-to-door, media, guerrilla, online, print, broadcast, mobile, packaging, and product placement advertising. It also covers design contexts, constraints, and communication strategies in advertising.
Packaging plays an essential role in today's consumer society. It contains and protects products for distribution and sale while also serving as a primary mechanism for branding. Modern packaging has evolved with society, enabling changes in shopping habits like the rise of supermarkets and demand for convenient prepared foods. It reduces waste in the supply chain and provides information to help consumers understand products. Proper labeling further enhances brand identification and allows packages to communicate legally required details about contents and safe usage.
Place refers to how products reach consumers. There are two key considerations: channels of distribution and type of retailer. Choosing the appropriate channel is important and can impact sales. Common channels include direct selling, retailers, wholesalers, agents, and importers/exporters. Factors that influence which channel to choose include the product, market, legal regulations, buying habits, business capabilities, transportation costs and demand levels.
This document outlines a commerce course that teaches students about promoting and selling products. It covers topics like the selling process, factors that differentiate products, and various promotion strategies. Students learn about identifying target markets and applying selling techniques. They also learn about legal and ethical issues related to product promotion, such as self-regulation, discrimination, and unethical strategies. The document provides examples and activities to help students understand these concepts.
The document provides an overview of retailers, wholesalers, and their strategy planning. It discusses how retailers and wholesalers must select target markets and marketing mixes carefully. It also covers different types of conventional and non-conventional retailers, including specialty stores, department stores, mass merchandisers, and internet retailers. The document also discusses various types of wholesalers, including merchant wholesalers and agent middlemen, and how wholesaling operations are adapting to changing times.
Nike faced criticism for sweatshop labor and poor working conditions at its overseas factories. It responded by implementing an ethical code of conduct, commissioning an independent study of its factories, creating a social responsibility department, and donating money to charity. The document discusses various criticisms of marketing practices such as deceptive advertising, high-pressure sales tactics, producing unsafe products, and neglecting disadvantaged consumers. It also covers topics like environmental sustainability, corporate social responsibility, and businesses' responsibilities to society.
Wal-Mart had a positive impact in 2006. It remained committed to founder Sam Walton's principles of leadership and providing low prices. It also focused on improving the shopping experience for customers and associates. Additionally, Wal-Mart helped communities through job opportunities, tax revenues, and charitable donations. It also provided relief after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Wal-Mart had a positive impact in 2006. It remained committed to founder Sam Walton's principles of leadership and providing low prices. It also focused on improving the shopping experience for customers and associates. Additionally, Wal-Mart helped communities through job opportunities, tax revenues, and charitable donations. It also provided relief after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Sanchar Ad & Events is an advertising organization that aims to provoke customer needs regardless of distance. It designs advertisements with quality parameters and competitive prices to make purchasing simple. The organization uses various cost-effective advertising tools like print, outdoor, broadcast, covert, surrogate, public service, and celebrity advertising to bring clients' businesses to customers' notice. Its goal is to provide innovative advertising solutions.
The document discusses different types of advertising categorized by target audience and purpose. There are two main categories: trade advertising, which targets businesses and aims to promote products to distributors and retailers; and consumer advertising, which targets end customers through various approaches like generic, product, brand, and retail advertising. The document provides examples to illustrate each advertising type.
Presentation on 4P’s of Marketing for "Shatayu" an Emerging FMCG BrandSaurav Dasgupta
This document outlines Shatayu's marketing strategy as a snack company focused on health. Its vision is to be India's leading snack company and prepare for global expansion while meeting consumer needs and encouraging healthy lifestyles. The strategy involves segmenting the market towards young Indians, positioning as a local company with international quality products promoting health and convenience. Branding will use the name 'Shatayu' meaning 100 years of life and the tagline 'Enjoy the healthy life for 100 years'. Cricketer M.S. Dhoni will be the brand ambassador to appeal to youth.
Green marketing involves promoting products and services based on their environmental benefits. It focuses on reducing waste and pollution through sustainable production, distribution and disposal of products. The objectives of green marketing are to create awareness about environmental issues, educate customers and avoid resource wastage. Some challenges to green marketing include price sensitivity of consumers and skepticism about claims of environmental friendliness.
Presentation given at the Food & Beverage Conference in Athens, November 2008. Based on insights research done in Greece, we present 10 topics to (make you) think about, with a focus on customer centric marketing and innovation.
You can download this presentation over at www.slideshare.net/futurelab
I am available for speeches and presentations at your event.
Viewpoint Retail Packaging 2016 and beyond_EnglishVesa Penttinen
Retail packaging is experiencing dynamic changes as consumers demand more convenient and sustainable shopping. This is putting pressure on retailers and brands to innovate. Key trends include the rise of discount retailers focusing on cost efficiency through packaging solutions, increased private label penetration that is making packaging a more important brand element, the growth of e-commerce shifting packaging needs, and a stronger focus on sustainability. Intelligent packaging using technologies like RFID is emerging but not widespread yet. Navigating these complex changes while improving packaging functions and reducing costs presents challenges for retailers and brands.
The Nuremberg rallies, final draft, 2 march 2015 (2)siobhanpdst
The document provides background information and teaching resources for exploring the Nuremberg Rallies case study, including an overview of the rallies from 1933-1938, how to structure lessons around an inquiry question, and how the activities link to literacy and numeracy strategies. Glossaries, timelines, sources, and discussion questions are included to help students analyze propaganda techniques and think critically.
Research skills complete booklet 08 nov2011siobhanpdst
This document provides guidance for teachers on developing students' research skills in history classes at junior cycle, transition year, and leaving certificate levels in Ireland. It outlines the research study component of the leaving certificate history syllabus and provides suggestions for teachers on helping students improve their skills at each stage. This includes locating and critically examining sources, developing structured written responses, and preparing for the leaving certificate research study requirements of producing an outline plan, evaluating sources, and extended essay. Sample exemplar materials and marking schemes are also included for reference.
Water comes from rainfall and is treated through processes like settling, filtering, softening, chlorination and fluoridation before being piped into homes. The water supply enters homes through main pipes and service pipes, with the freshest water coming from the cold kitchen tap. Other taps get water from a storage tank, usually in the attic. Hard water can cause issues like limescale but tastes better, and is softened through adding chloride of lime during treatment.
The document discusses the concept of the work triangle. The work triangle refers to the three key elements needed to complete any task: tools, materials, and people. These three elements must be present and work together effectively for a job to be finished successfully.
This document discusses home safety and common accidents that occur in the home. It provides information on preventing accidents such as falls, burns, cuts and poisonings. Safety tips are provided for fire safety, medicine storage, and first aid treatment for minor injuries. The most important aspects of first aid for serious injuries are also outlined, such as calling for help, checking breathing and pulse, and treating for shock. A well-stocked first aid kit is recommended.
This document describes various features that may be included in kitchen appliances such as cookers and ovens, including dual grill/rings that allow using half the cooking area, double ovens with a main oven and top oven, automatic timers to turn ovens on and off, fan ovens that circulate heated air, ceramic hobs with heat-resistant glass tops, halogen rings that heat instantly, self-cleaning ovens, split-level cookers where the hob and oven are separate, and ignition buttons to light gas hobs instead of matches.
Good lighting is important for safety, hygiene, and preventing eye strain. A home uses both natural lighting from windows and skylights as well as various artificial lighting such as incandescent, fluorescent, and compact fluorescent bulbs. Proper lighting safety involves using the correct bulbs and fixtures, adequate lighting for tasks, and switches located outside of danger areas like bathrooms. When replacing a light bulb, one should turn off the power first, allow an old bulb to cool, fit a new bulb of the correct wattage, and test that the light works.
The document discusses hygiene standards in the home, including ensuring clean water and efficient drainage, good ventilation and lighting to prevent dampness, easily cleanable surfaces and rooms, careful waste disposal, and regularly disinfecting sinks, toilets and drains. It also notes there are two types of household waste - organic waste that breaks down naturally and inorganic waste that does not break down but can be recycled.
Central heating, partial/background heating, and individual heaters are three common methods of heating a home. Central heating uses a boiler to heat water that circulates through radiators to keep the home between 16-20 degrees Celsius, and also provides hot water. Partial/background heating uses electric storage heaters to provide gentle background heat. Individual heaters heat each room separately using methods like a fireplace, stove, or electric heater. Proper insulation is important to prevent up to 75% of heat loss through walls, roof, windows, doors and floors using materials like still air, wool, or polystyrene that are poor conductors of heat.
Electricity is generated at power stations from sources like coal, oil, peat, and water. It is distributed to homes through cables and consumer units, then brought to appliances via wires in plugs and flexes. Most appliances have three wires - a live wire (brown) bringing electricity to the appliance, a neutral wire (blue) taking the return current, and an earth wire (green/yellow) that brings current safely to the earth if a fault occurs. Fuses and circuit breakers are safety devices that melt or disconnect electricity in the case of overloading or short circuits to prevent fires.
This document discusses key aspects of home design, including:
1. A home provides physical needs like shelter as well as emotional and social needs.
2. Housing types are influenced by factors like cost, size, and location, and include houses, apartments, bedsits, and mobile homes.
3. Good design is functional, safe, durable, and attractive. Design elements include color, texture, line, shape, and pattern which impact the atmosphere.
The design process involves 7 steps: 1) Identifying the brief to design a bedroom/study for a teenager, 2) Analyzing the brief to determine what must be included, 3) Researching interior design ideas through books, magazines, and store visits to collect samples, 4) Identifying possible furniture layouts, color schemes, and flooring and heating options, 5) Choosing a final solution after considering all options, 6) Creating a scaled floor plan drawing, and 7) Presenting the final plan with details of the color scheme, furnishings, flooring, lighting, and heating system.
The design process involves identifying the brief, analysing it through research, and choosing a solution to implement through planning and taking action.
This document contains a word search, matching exercises, fill-in-the-blank questions, and true/false questions about various fruits including apples, oranges, bananas, grapes, peaches, kiwis, pineapples, plums, pomegranates, lemons, strawberries, nectarines, and berries. The questions test identification, properties, and grouping of different fruits.
The document is a worksheet asking students to name animals that produce milk, types of milk, uses of milk and their examples, and to outline the pasteurization process, nutritional value, and homogenization of milk. The student must name cows, goats, sheep, and humans as milk producing animals and list six types of milk, four uses of milk with examples, and describe homogenization. It also asks the student to discuss why milk is good for teeth and the nutritional value of milk.
The document provides guidelines for using a skin poster to teach students about the structure and composition of skin. The poster will be used to help students identify and label the different components of skin, as well as define the functions of each component. The teacher is instructed to introduce the topic enthusiastically, point out each skin component on the poster and explain its function. Labels will then be placed over the components for students to identify, after which the teacher will check students' understanding by asking questions about the skin's structure.
This document contains questions about the structure and functions of skin. It tests knowledge about skin layers like the epidermis and dermis, parts like sweat glands, hair follicles and pores, and how diet and sun exposure impact skin health. Multiple choice and fill-in-the-blank questions cover topics like what foods are good or bad for skin, the role of sweat glands, and describing skin layers, cells, and other anatomical features.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
2. AdvertisingAdvertising
Why? To persuade consumers to buy a product /serviceWhy? To persuade consumers to buy a product /service
Who? Used by manufacturers, retailers & serviceWho? Used by manufacturers, retailers & service
providersproviders
How? Advertising outlets:How? Advertising outlets:
newspapers/magazinesnewspapers/magazines
television/radiotelevision/radio
cinema/dvdscinema/dvds
buses/bus shelters/vansbuses/bus shelters/vans
bill boardsbill boards
sporting events/concertssporting events/concerts
t-shirts/labels/carrier bagst-shirts/labels/carrier bags
shop windowsshop windows
packets, leaflets, classified adspackets, leaflets, classified ads
internetinternet
3. Function of advertisingFunction of advertising
Introduce new productsIntroduce new products
Increase salesIncrease sales
To provide informationTo provide information
Though it adds to the cost of products it reduces theThough it adds to the cost of products it reduces the
cost to the public of TV, radio, concerts, festivals,cost to the public of TV, radio, concerts, festivals,
sporting events, newspapers and magazinessporting events, newspapers and magazines
4. Effective AdvertisingEffective Advertising
Appeals to the consumerAppeals to the consumer
Entices the consumer to try aEntices the consumer to try a
new/improved product or servicenew/improved product or service
5. Techniques/Language
Adverts portray products inAdverts portray products in bestbest possible waypossible way
NoNo faultsfaults pointed outpointed out
LanguageLanguage designed to work on our emotionsdesigned to work on our emotions
Advertising is designed around:Advertising is designed around:
love/romance humour/musiclove/romance humour/music
glamour envy/social acceptanceglamour envy/social acceptance
guilt colourguilt colour
fear/insecurity public figuresfear/insecurity public figures
Ads are aboutAds are about persuasionpersuasion
ThinkThink about the product don’t be misledabout the product don’t be misled
6. Control of advertising
Standards set to ensure consumers are not misledStandards set to ensure consumers are not misled
Some standards are legal some are voluntarySome standards are legal some are voluntary
Legal control:Legal control:
Consumer Information Act 1978Consumer Information Act 1978
EU Misleading Advertising DirectiveEU Misleading Advertising Directive
Employment Equality ActEmployment Equality Act
Voluntary controls:Voluntary controls:
Advertising Standards Authority of Ireland (ASAI)Advertising Standards Authority of Ireland (ASAI)
monitors ads to ensure they aremonitors ads to ensure they are
legal, decent, honest and truthfullegal, decent, honest and truthful
7. Advantages and Disadvantages of
Advertising
Advantages:
Gives information
Provides employment
Increases sales which
improves economy
Keeps down cost of
concerts, magazines, TV
etc…
Disadvantages:
Can mislead
Increases price of product
Causes dissatisfaction with
ordinary life
Encourages overspending
Can reinforce stereotypes
Can effect natural
environment eg. billboards
8. Marketing
A business that specialises in making products sellA business that specialises in making products sell
Techniques include:Techniques include:
AdvertisingAdvertising
PackagingPackaging
Sales promotions (free gift)Sales promotions (free gift)
Public relations activities eg. product sponsoring aPublic relations activities eg. product sponsoring a
charitycharity
9. Market ResearchMarket Research
Carried out by market research companies usingCarried out by market research companies using
questionnaires to discover likes and dislikes ofquestionnaires to discover likes and dislikes of
consumersconsumers
This information is used to develop products andThis information is used to develop products and
adverts etc. that appeal more to the target marketadverts etc. that appeal more to the target market
10. Shopping Outlets
Small independent shops e.g. often family runSmall independent shops e.g. often family run
Supermarkets e.g. SupervaluSupermarkets e.g. Supervalu
Department stores e.g. Brown ThomasDepartment stores e.g. Brown Thomas
Chain Stores e.g. DunnesChain Stores e.g. Dunnes
Voluntary Chain Stores e.g. Mace, SparVoluntary Chain Stores e.g. Mace, Spar
Specialist Shops e.g. clothes, butcher, bakerySpecialist Shops e.g. clothes, butcher, bakery
Discount Store e.g. ArgosDiscount Store e.g. Argos
11. Other Shopping OutletsOther Shopping Outlets
Shopping Centres e.g. BlanchardstownShopping Centres e.g. Blanchardstown
Street marketStreet market
Mobile shopMobile shop
Vending MachineVending Machine
AuctionsAuctions
Mail order e.g. Family AlbumMail order e.g. Family Album
Doorstep sellingDoorstep selling
Party Selling e.g. TupperwareParty Selling e.g. Tupperware
Online Shopping e.g. amazon.comOnline Shopping e.g. amazon.com
12. Changes in ShoppingChanges in Shopping
Self-serviceSelf-service
Expanding range of productsExpanding range of products
Closure of local shopsClosure of local shops
More chain storesMore chain stores
Shopping centresShopping centres
Weekly shoppingWeekly shopping
Few give creditFew give credit
Late night and Sunday shoppingLate night and Sunday shopping
Online shoppingOnline shopping
Barcodes and ScannersBarcodes and Scanners
Self checkout countersSelf checkout counters
13. Self ServiceSelf Service
AdvantagesAdvantages
Quick, convenientQuick, convenient
Browse & selectBrowse & select
Goods well displayedGoods well displayed
Goods priced clearlyGoods priced clearly
Lower staff cost,Lower staff cost,
less expensiveless expensive
Quick turnover,Quick turnover,
fresher goodsfresher goods
Wide range of productsWide range of products
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Less personalLess personal
More difficult forMore difficult for
disabled and elderlydisabled and elderly
Tempts impulse buyingTempts impulse buying
Queuing at checkoutQueuing at checkout
No credit givenNo credit given
14. Shopping GuidelinesShopping Guidelines
Shop around, compare pricesShop around, compare prices
Use a listUse a list
Do a weekly shopDo a weekly shop
Avoid impulse buyingAvoid impulse buying
Make use of sales and special offersMake use of sales and special offers
Think of the environment , reusable bags, packaging,Think of the environment , reusable bags, packaging,
air miles, chemicals etc..air miles, chemicals etc..
15. Paying for goods and servicesPaying for goods and services
MethodMethod AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages
CashCash Simple, cheapestSimple, cheapest Could lose the cashCould lose the cash
Debit CardDebit Card
(Laser)(Laser)
Can use over phone orCan use over phone or
internetinternet
Charge, can’t beCharge, can’t be
used for smallused for small
amountsamounts
Credit CardCredit Card 28 days interest-free28 days interest-free
creditcredit
High interest rateHigh interest rate
if debt not clearedif debt not cleared
ChequeCheque Useful for postalUseful for postal
paymentspayments
May involved bankMay involved bank
chargescharges
Direct DebitDirect Debit Bills paid for you onBills paid for you on
time by the banktime by the bank
Charged by bank.Charged by bank.
Risk of too manyRisk of too many
direct debitsdirect debits
16. Techniques used by shops toTechniques used by shops to
encourage spendingencourage spending
Music, warmth, smellsMusic, warmth, smells
Attractive displaysAttractive displays
Products at checkoutProducts at checkout
Luxuries at eye level,Luxuries at eye level,
essentials lower downessentials lower down
Essentials far awayEssentials far away
from checkoutfrom checkout
Heavy goods at entrance toHeavy goods at entrance to
get customers to take aget customers to take a
trolley e.g. vegetablestrolley e.g. vegetables
Associated items placedAssociated items placed
together eg.soft drinks/crispstogether eg.soft drinks/crisps
Special offers, free samples,Special offers, free samples,
2 for 3, buy 1 get 1 free etc..2 for 3, buy 1 get 1 free etc..
Loss LeadersLoss Leaders
17. Reasons For PackagingReasons For Packaging
Protects product from damage and contaminationProtects product from damage and contamination
Convenience – transporting, storing , sellingConvenience – transporting, storing , selling
Carries informationCarries information
Preservation – vacuum pack, cansPreservation – vacuum pack, cans
MarketingMarketing
Protects consumers from dangerous productsProtects consumers from dangerous products
18. Characteristics needed inCharacteristics needed in
Packaging MaterialsPackaging Materials
StrongStrong
HygienicHygienic
SafeSafe
Easy to openEasy to open
ResealableResealable
Reusable, recyclable or biodegradableReusable, recyclable or biodegradable
19. Forms of PackagingForms of Packaging
PaperPaper: plain, cardboard, waxed, laminated: plain, cardboard, waxed, laminated
(to make airtight and waterproof eg. milk(to make airtight and waterproof eg. milk
carton)carton)
PlasticPlastic: bags, cling film, cartons, boxes, bottles: bags, cling film, cartons, boxes, bottles
Metal:Metal: tin cans, aluminium cans, aluminium foil trays,tin cans, aluminium cans, aluminium foil trays,
aluminium foilaluminium foil
Glass:Glass: bottles or jars, plain or coloured glassbottles or jars, plain or coloured glass
20. Disadvantages of packagingDisadvantages of packaging
productsproducts
Adds to costAdds to cost
Can pollute environment esp if non-biodegradableCan pollute environment esp if non-biodegradable
Uses up non-renewable resources or natural resourcesUses up non-renewable resources or natural resources
eg. plastic (oil), paper (trees), metalseg. plastic (oil), paper (trees), metals
Packaging can deceivePackaging can deceive
Product may have to be bought in larger amounts thanProduct may have to be bought in larger amounts than
needed causing wasteneeded causing waste
21. Labelling – why?Labelling – why?
To identify productTo identify product
To provide consumer informationTo provide consumer information
To sell the productTo sell the product
22. Information on LabelsInformation on Labels
Contents/ingredientsContents/ingredients
Net weightNet weight
Brand nameBrand name
Storage instructionsStorage instructions
Instructions for useInstructions for use
Safety warningsSafety warnings
Manufacturers name andManufacturers name and
addressaddress
ColourColour
Number in packetNumber in packet
Care/cleaning instructionsCare/cleaning instructions
OriginOrigin
Quality/standardQuality/standard
Date stampDate stamp
SizeSize
24. Date StampDate Stamp
Use by:Use by: food must be eaten by this datefood must be eaten by this date
used on food with shelf life ofused on food with shelf life of <<6 weeks6 weeks
Sell By:Sell By: same as above butsame as above but
allows for 2/3 days storage at home after dateallows for 2/3 days storage at home after date
Best before:Best before: used on food with shelf life of 3-18monthsused on food with shelf life of 3-18months
25. Why instructions?Why instructions?
Labels often carry instructions for theLabels often carry instructions for the
storage/use/cooking/care/cleaning etc. of a productstorage/use/cooking/care/cleaning etc. of a product
To use the product correctlyTo use the product correctly
To avoid wasteTo avoid waste
For safety reasonsFor safety reasons
To avoid damaging the productTo avoid damaging the product
26. PricingPricing
By law the price of products must be :By law the price of products must be :
displayed on the product ordisplayed on the product or
on the shelf oron the shelf or
on a display near the producton a display near the product
Unit Price = price per unit eg. per gram or kg or litreUnit Price = price per unit eg. per gram or kg or litre
Foods sold loosely and weighed at time of purchaseFoods sold loosely and weighed at time of purchase
must have unit price displayed beside themmust have unit price displayed beside them
Some prepacked foods eg. cheese haveSome prepacked foods eg. cheese have
unit price per kilo on themunit price per kilo on them
In shops that use bar codes the unit price isIn shops that use bar codes the unit price is
displayed on the shelf along with the normal pricedisplayed on the shelf along with the normal price
Unit pricing makes it easier to compare pricesUnit pricing makes it easier to compare prices
27. Bar-codesBar-codes
Set of black lines and spaces printed on a productSet of black lines and spaces printed on a product
Read using a laser scanner at the checkoutRead using a laser scanner at the checkout
Every product has its own bar-codeEvery product has its own bar-code
Advantages:Advantages:
Stock and sales accounted forStock and sales accounted for
Individual pricing not necessary , display price on shelfIndividual pricing not necessary , display price on shelf
Detailed receipt giving product name & priceDetailed receipt giving product name & price
Quicker at checkoutQuicker at checkout