An adverb is a word that describes a verb, adjective, or other adverb. It can tell how, when, or where an action takes place. Adverbs are compared using "-er" for two things and "-est" for three or more things. Negatives are words like "no" or "not" and should not be used in the same sentence. Punctuation is used in dialogue, including quotation marks and commas. Prepositions show the relationship between nouns or pronouns. Prepositional phrases begin with a preposition and end with a noun or pronoun.

1. Adverbs
Unit 6
By: C. Lipari

2. What is an
adverb?
Hint: the word “adverb” has the prefix
ad + verb.
It is a word that adds to the verb.

3. Adverbs
A word that tells more about
a verb, an adjective or
another adverb.
It can tell how, when or
where an action takes place.

4. Examples:
Our family drove slowly to the zoo.
Highway safety is a very big problem.
Dad always drives extremely carefully.
We waited outside for the gates to open.

5. Adverbs before adjectives and
adverbs:
Adverbs describe or tell more
about verbs. Adverbs can also
tell more about adjectives.
Sometimes these adverbs tell to
what degree or what extent.
The weather seemed terribly cold.

6. More on adverbs...
They can also tell more
about other adverbs.
The ship moved very slowly.

7. Comparing adverbs
An adverb can compare two or
more actions.
Add “er” to most short adverbs to
compare two actions.
Fast-----------------------Faster

8. Comparing adverbs
Add “est” to most short adverbs to
compare more than two actions.
Fast--------------------Fastest

9. Comparing adverbs
For most adverbs, use “more” to
compare two actions if the adverb
has two or more syllables.
Eagerly-----more eagerly

10. Comparing adverbs
use “most” to compare three or
more actions if the verb has two
or more syllables.
Eagerly-----most eagerly

11. Negatives
A negative is a word that
means “No.”
Ex. Nobody saw me.
I have nothing to do.

12. More Negatives...
Do not use two negatives in the
same sentence. This is known
as a double negative.
Correct a sentence with two
negatives by changing one
negative to a positive word by
dropping one negative.

13. “Have you ever flown in
a helicopter?” Nora
asked.
“No, but I have been in
an airplane,” I said.
“Was it scary?” Nora
asked.

14. Punctuation in Dialogue
Everything within the quotation
marks represents EXACTLY what the
speaker says or said.
“It looks like a toy to me,” he said.

15. Punctuation in Dialogue
Use quotation marks before and
after a direct quotation.
The baby said, “Whaaaa!”

16. Punctuation in Dialogue
Begin a quotation with a capital
letter.
The announcer said, “It looks
like a slam dunk to me.”

17. Punctuation in Dialogue
Use a comma or commas to
separate a phrase, such as he said,
from the quotation itself. Place a
comma or a period inside closing
quotation marks.
The boxer said, “I can knock you
out!”

18. Punctuation on Quotations
Place the question mark or the
exclamation mark inside the quotation
marks when it is part of the quotation.
Rob exclaimed, “What a strange object!”
Place it outside the quotation marks
when it is part of the entire sentence
but not part of the quotation.
Did Rob say, “It’s a flying machine”?

19. Prepositions
A word that relates a noun or pronoun
to another word in a sentence.
Ex: about above besides from to of
at over up with up
Ex: This book about bicycles is Ted’s.

20. Prepositional Phrases
A group of words that begins with
a preposition and ends with a noun
or pronoun.
Ex:
The heart is an organ in the body.

21. Prepositional Phrases
Object of a preposition is the
noun or pronoun that follows the
preposition.
Ex:
The heart is an organ in the body.

22. Object Prepositions In
Prepositional Phrases
Object pronoun is the pronoun that
follows a preposition in a sentence.
Object pronoun can take the place of
a noun in a prepositional phrase.
My friends planned a surprise party for
Sally.
My friends planned a surprise party for
her.

23. Combining sentences:
A complex sentence contains two
related ideas joined by a conjunction
other than and, but, or or.
Conjunctions such as after,
although, because, before, since,
until, and while are used to connect
related ideas.
Ex.Whitney has been gardening
since she was five.

24. Commas with Introductory
Prepositional Phrases and
Interjections
Use a comma after a prepositional
phrase at the beginning of a sentence.
Ex. For sunburn protection, I wear
sunscreen.
Use a comma after a mild
interjection.
Ex. My, this sunburn is uncomfortable.

25. Good luck on the test!
Take your time!
Complete the assignment
on the board when you are
done!