This document discusses and compares several language teaching methods: Present-Practice-Produce (PPP), Total Physical Response (TPR), Guided Discovery, Test-Teach-Test (TTT), Task-Based Learning (TBL), and Grammar-Translation Method (GTM). For each method, both advantages and disadvantages are provided. Some key advantages included that PPP is easy to follow, TPR is engaging for young learners, guided discovery promotes higher-order thinking, and TBL encourages communication. However, disadvantages also discussed, such as PPP focusing more on accuracy, TPR potentially boring students, and GTM limiting interaction.

1. PRESENT – PRACTICE-
PRODUCE
Advantages and disadvantages
Keziban, Gokce, Demet, Duygu O, Nihan

2. PPP_ADVANTAGES
 Easy to prepare
 Follows a three step routine
 Easy for learners to follow this type of a lesson
 Easy for learners to remain focused
 Contributes to internalising structures in long
term memory
 It scaffolds the learning process into smaller
chunks – (exposes learners to the target
structure, gives them controlled practice and
then free practice)

3. SOME OTHER ADVANTAGES
 Good for analytical learners (rules explained
 Provides examples as context is beneficial
 It provides clear and simple structure of the
lesson
 Materials are ordered from the simplest to the
most difficult
 the teacher and the learners can easily see the
progress

4. DISADVANTAGES
 It is a teacher-centred method and teacher
talking time might be too long
 It is more focused on accuracy than on fluency
except in the very last stage
 Students may get bored and unwilling to
participate
 Since everything is scaffolded learners may not
remember things
 not suitable for all types of learning styles

5. TOTAL PHYSICAL
RESPONSE
Advantages and disadvantages
Keziban, Gokce, Demet, Duygu O, Nihan

6. TPR- TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
Advantages:
 Fun and enjoyable for learners, especially for
young learners
 It keeps learners attention
 It is easy to prepare
 Learners are active, so it is good for kinaesthetic
learners
 Easy to prepare and good to be used for a warm
up and break activities
 Enables learners practice language in a fun and
memorable way
 Good to use with action words

7. TPR- DISADVANTAGES
 Students may be excited and can be difficult to
continue with other activities and get learners
focused again
 If overused learners might become bored
 Learners are not given a chance to be creative in
most cases
 Shy students and adults may not want to
participate
 May not be useful for all the topics
 You need to make sure learners have enough
space for movement
 Not suitable for all learning styles

8. GUIDED DISCOVERY
Advantages and disadvantages
Nuray Gunes; Sule; Demet; Duygu D. Tugba

9. ADVANTAGES
 Learners actively engaged in acquiring new
knowledge ; it is learner-centered approach where the
teacher is just a facilitator
 Knowledge is more memorable/permanent as learners
put more effort into acquiring it and control their
learning; knowledge is internalised more quickly
 Good for analytical, logical (mathematical learning
styles
 Good to develop higher order- and critical-thinking
skills and also problem-solving skills
 They develop team-work
 Can be game- or puzzle like for learners
 It encourages independent learning
 More on this:
http://www.slideshare.net/vickys16/guided-discovery-12177163
(thank you Tugba)

10. DISADVANTAGES
 Can be time consuming
 Can be challenging for learners who find it
difficult to use higher-order thinking skills or
young learners and thus become boring
 Requires a lot of preparation on the part of the
teacher
 Teacher needs to be careful not to discourage
learners if they make mistakes
 Learners have little input into the planning and
development in the lesson and if proper
explanations not given at the beginning Learners
might get confused.
 Learners can be dependant on teacher guidance

11. TEST-TEACH -TEST
Advantages and disadvantages
Nuray Gunes; Sule; Demet; Duygu D. Tugba

12. TTT _ ADVANTAGES
 Enables teacher to find out what her learners
already know (learner needs) and differentiate
materials/activities according to learners’ level
 Makes learners aware of their knowledge gaps
 Contains problem-solving and discovery elements
 offers the opportunity for communicative practice
in the actual process of learning grammar
 Gives explanations
 It is learner-centred
 Develops problem-solving skills and collaborative
atmopsphere (team-work)
 Good for adult learners

13. TTT - DISADVANTAGES
 Learners may get discouraged at the first stage
of this method if they are unable to complete the
activity or if they make a mistake
 Can be time-consuming in the first part
 Can be difficult to prepare with some structures
 Can be difficult for beginners
 Learners may need to have some knowledge of
grammar terminology

14. TASK BASED LEARNING -
TBL
Advantages and disadvantages
Nuray Gul, Demet, Esra

15. TBL ADVANTAGES
 Develops team and group work
 Promotes communication and collaboration
 Knowledge is internalised and remembered more
easily as learners are actively engaged
 Good for teens and adults
 Learners are engaged and use the language as
means to complete the task
 TBL offers learners a chance for self- and peer
evaluation
 Learners have the chance to explore the target
language culture and can create original
products/materials

16. TBL - DISADVANTAGES
 Teacher has to take into consideration many
learner characteristics when forming the groups
(level, learning style etc.)
 Difficult with young learnersm because they
may be more focused on language form than on
communication (but can be done if they can read
and write and if resources needed for their task
are simplified to their level and made accessible
to them, for e.g. printed)
 May lack focus on language areas as learners
are focused on completing the task

17. TBL - Disadvantages
 requires a high level of creativity and initiative
on the part of the teacher.
 requires resources beyond the textbooks and
related materials usually found in language
classrooms
 May use their mother language instead of the
target language.
 Teacher should make sure that work load is
evenly distributed among learners, so that
everyone is active

18. GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION
METHOD
Advantages and disadvantages
Nuray Gul, Demet, Esra

19. GTM - ADVANTAGES
 Learners can compare their mother language and
the target language, for the very complex rules it
may be helpful for them to understand the
language better.
 reading and writing abilities are well trained.
 Good for learning vocabulary and grammar

20. GTM - DISADVANTAGES
 interaction is very limited
 Communication/speaking and listening skills are
not developed enough
 Not suitable for young learners
 Learners may find it challenging to find the
meaning of every single word