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   are aimed at different learners’ styles – auditory, visual,
    kinesthetic; and involve all our senses (Elena N.) and the
    more senses are involved in the process of learning, the
    longer the information learnt stay in memory (Elena M.);,
    encourage learners to become more involved in the
    learning process (Veselina), diversify teaching, bring
    variation and difference during the lesson. ( Elena Ch,
    Nora, Gergana, Larisa);
   pedagogical and psychological research has given an
    immense amount of data portraying the significance which
    stimuli have regarding the well-being and overall
    development among learners. Offering a range of effective
    and engaging activities supported by a number of teaching
    aids serves as a learning force. (Elena D);
   help students assimilate new material and extend their
    knowledge, make lessons more attractive and keep their
    attention captured (George),
    It is possible that teaching aids will distract students
    (e.g - photos can provoke discussions irrelevant to
    the lesson), but this does not happen often
    (Veselina).
   when they are more colourful with topic close to
    students (Nora);
   If you use them ones a year they certainly will. But if
    it is a natural part of your lessons students will soon
    stop overreacting and will be looking forward to your
    next lesson all the time (Svetlana);
    as long as the aids are being used to achieve part of
    a lesson objective, there is no real evidence to
    suggest that this is true (Mary);
   when it comes to the children in the main stream,
    teaching aids can only be beneficial…although a
    balance needs to be acquired (Elena D.).
   It is up to the teacher to manage the
    classroom in the most effective way
    (Veselina),
   a larger number of students would require a
    very flexible environment regarding the
    teaching aids. Especially having in mind that
    the tendency is to have less teacher talk and
    more active student participation (Elena D.)
   instead of writing down words, transcriptions and
    explanations on the whiteboard you can use an OHP to
    project a table with the new vocabulary and give copies of
    it students (Veselina),
   A PPT presentation can be of real help esp. if it is a
    lecture in English for University students (Elena CH.),
   depends if they work, if they are already in the classroom
    or have to be booked, if electricity supply is reliable etc
    (George);
   It's much easier to write everything at home and create a
    presentation than to write down all the ideas on the
    blackboard during the lesson wasting time that you could
    have used for discussion (Svetlana, Gergana, Larisa);
   It is also nice to know that in case of emergency when the
    copies aren’t ready for some reason - there is always an
    option of showing the needed pages using the computer
    and the projector (Elena M.);
   Sometimes the pages students have to see
    don’t necessarily need to be made for all of
    them because later on they won’t be of use.
    So using the projector to show this info in
    class will save us the need to make a lot of
    photocopies of pages which might be of little
    use later (Elena M.)
   can seem silly and childish to teenage and
    adult learners (Elena N.);
    it is true for concrete vocabulary, but not
    for abstract words (Mary);
   one of the best ways to prompt
    conversations, role-play and develop an
    active vocabulary (Elena D.);
   suit different learning styles, so it makes the
    process more effective (Larisa)
   can seem silly and childish to teenage and
    adult learners. (Nora)
    there are many activities to practise with flashcards
    (Elena N.), especially with young learners (Nora);
   a saying in Russian : "It is better to see once than to
    hear a hundred times". It explains the need to use
    realia. It makes the process of understanding easier
    and creates motivation (Elena M.);
   They have many uses (Mary);
   Good for visual learners and they always givevery
    positive outcomes when applying them. (Elena D.);
    ‘Flashcards are the most effective and easiest way
    to learn and remember new information’ (Gergana);
   they also enable teachers to give prompts for drill
    without saying anything. (Larisa)
   There are lots of programmes that allow the
    admin watch what other users in the net are
    doing and even interfere with them. So if a
    teacher knows how to use such programmes the
    control is even higher, as if you just go round the
    classroom students can pretend that they are
    studying, and after you turn your back start
    playing some game. But here they know that you
    are able to watch everything they do without
    even leaving your place. The productivity
    increases. (Svetlana);
    Efficiency gets bigger. If the students are
    informed that their teacher is capable to observe
    them, they will be responsible and concentrated
    for their tasks (Gergana)
   In some countries this can be a big problem. The
    teacher can read out dialogue herself instead of
    learners listening to a cassette or a CD.
    (George),
   there is always a risk (Nora);
   in the modern world we're under risk all the
    time, so a broken equipment doesn't seem a
    problem at all. A pencil can break while you're
    writing! Shall we stop using them at all?
    (Veselina);
   teachers should always have a plan B, be ready if
    something goes wrong and replace the task
    (Mary)
    It’s an audio-visual aid. It’s authentic, it’s
    interesting, the information is reliable, e.g.
    authentic settings, accents, postures, gestures
    (Elena N.), the visual content can help students
    guess the meaning of verbs or nouns. Also, if the
    video presents new vocabulary, students will be
    able to relate it to visual images, this will help
    them learn faster. Visual learners with thrive!
    (Veselina), We teach verbal and non-verbal
    communicative skills, we try to convey cultural
    messages to students, so videos can be of great
    help in language learning and teaching. (Elena
    Ch.),
   When they watch a video, learners are able
    to guess the meaning of words and phrases
    based on reactions, facial expressions,
    mimes and gestures (George, Svetlana);
    especially good with teenagers and adults
    (Nora) Youtube is a priceless source of videos
    on every topic. Videos present authentic
    material and help to learn in a fun way. Can
    be used for warmers and lead-ins(Elena M.,
    Larisa); A really good video contributes a
    good context, good language, good
    pronunciation and good understanding
    (Gergana)
    Not to  let learners be passive the teacher is
    to think over pre-watching, watching, and
    after-watching tasks (Elena N., Mary)
    It can be true if learners are just asked to
    watch the video without doing any activites
    on it. Here the role of the teacher is very
    important (George);

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Teaching aids

  • 2. are aimed at different learners’ styles – auditory, visual, kinesthetic; and involve all our senses (Elena N.) and the more senses are involved in the process of learning, the longer the information learnt stay in memory (Elena M.);,  encourage learners to become more involved in the learning process (Veselina), diversify teaching, bring variation and difference during the lesson. ( Elena Ch, Nora, Gergana, Larisa);  pedagogical and psychological research has given an immense amount of data portraying the significance which stimuli have regarding the well-being and overall development among learners. Offering a range of effective and engaging activities supported by a number of teaching aids serves as a learning force. (Elena D);  help students assimilate new material and extend their knowledge, make lessons more attractive and keep their attention captured (George),
  • 3. It is possible that teaching aids will distract students (e.g - photos can provoke discussions irrelevant to the lesson), but this does not happen often (Veselina).  when they are more colourful with topic close to students (Nora);  If you use them ones a year they certainly will. But if it is a natural part of your lessons students will soon stop overreacting and will be looking forward to your next lesson all the time (Svetlana);  as long as the aids are being used to achieve part of a lesson objective, there is no real evidence to suggest that this is true (Mary);  when it comes to the children in the main stream, teaching aids can only be beneficial…although a balance needs to be acquired (Elena D.).
  • 4. It is up to the teacher to manage the classroom in the most effective way (Veselina),  a larger number of students would require a very flexible environment regarding the teaching aids. Especially having in mind that the tendency is to have less teacher talk and more active student participation (Elena D.)
  • 5. instead of writing down words, transcriptions and explanations on the whiteboard you can use an OHP to project a table with the new vocabulary and give copies of it students (Veselina),  A PPT presentation can be of real help esp. if it is a lecture in English for University students (Elena CH.),  depends if they work, if they are already in the classroom or have to be booked, if electricity supply is reliable etc (George);  It's much easier to write everything at home and create a presentation than to write down all the ideas on the blackboard during the lesson wasting time that you could have used for discussion (Svetlana, Gergana, Larisa);  It is also nice to know that in case of emergency when the copies aren’t ready for some reason - there is always an option of showing the needed pages using the computer and the projector (Elena M.);
  • 6. Sometimes the pages students have to see don’t necessarily need to be made for all of them because later on they won’t be of use. So using the projector to show this info in class will save us the need to make a lot of photocopies of pages which might be of little use later (Elena M.)
  • 7. can seem silly and childish to teenage and adult learners (Elena N.);  it is true for concrete vocabulary, but not for abstract words (Mary);  one of the best ways to prompt conversations, role-play and develop an active vocabulary (Elena D.);  suit different learning styles, so it makes the process more effective (Larisa)  can seem silly and childish to teenage and adult learners. (Nora)
  • 8. there are many activities to practise with flashcards (Elena N.), especially with young learners (Nora);  a saying in Russian : "It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times". It explains the need to use realia. It makes the process of understanding easier and creates motivation (Elena M.);  They have many uses (Mary);  Good for visual learners and they always givevery positive outcomes when applying them. (Elena D.);  ‘Flashcards are the most effective and easiest way to learn and remember new information’ (Gergana);  they also enable teachers to give prompts for drill without saying anything. (Larisa)
  • 9. There are lots of programmes that allow the admin watch what other users in the net are doing and even interfere with them. So if a teacher knows how to use such programmes the control is even higher, as if you just go round the classroom students can pretend that they are studying, and after you turn your back start playing some game. But here they know that you are able to watch everything they do without even leaving your place. The productivity increases. (Svetlana);  Efficiency gets bigger. If the students are informed that their teacher is capable to observe them, they will be responsible and concentrated for their tasks (Gergana)
  • 10. In some countries this can be a big problem. The teacher can read out dialogue herself instead of learners listening to a cassette or a CD. (George),  there is always a risk (Nora);  in the modern world we're under risk all the time, so a broken equipment doesn't seem a problem at all. A pencil can break while you're writing! Shall we stop using them at all? (Veselina);  teachers should always have a plan B, be ready if something goes wrong and replace the task (Mary)
  • 11. It’s an audio-visual aid. It’s authentic, it’s interesting, the information is reliable, e.g. authentic settings, accents, postures, gestures (Elena N.), the visual content can help students guess the meaning of verbs or nouns. Also, if the video presents new vocabulary, students will be able to relate it to visual images, this will help them learn faster. Visual learners with thrive! (Veselina), We teach verbal and non-verbal communicative skills, we try to convey cultural messages to students, so videos can be of great help in language learning and teaching. (Elena Ch.),
  • 12. When they watch a video, learners are able to guess the meaning of words and phrases based on reactions, facial expressions, mimes and gestures (George, Svetlana); especially good with teenagers and adults (Nora) Youtube is a priceless source of videos on every topic. Videos present authentic material and help to learn in a fun way. Can be used for warmers and lead-ins(Elena M., Larisa); A really good video contributes a good context, good language, good pronunciation and good understanding (Gergana)
  • 13. Not to  let learners be passive the teacher is to think over pre-watching, watching, and after-watching tasks (Elena N., Mary)  It can be true if learners are just asked to watch the video without doing any activites on it. Here the role of the teacher is very important (George);