The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Project
A Project is defined as a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product/service/results.
Product
The product in case of a construction project is the constructed facility such as a building, a bridge, a highway, a dam, a canal, a factory etc.
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Project
A Project is defined as a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product/service/results.
Product
The product in case of a construction project is the constructed facility such as a building, a bridge, a highway, a dam, a canal, a factory etc.
Project Economics
The graphical representation of the demand schedule is the demand curve. The quantity and price are inversely related; that is, Q goes up when P goes down. The curve slopes downward, going from northwest to southeast. This important property is called the law of downward-sloping demand.
Construction Project Management is an important subject to learn in Civil Engineering.
Significance • As construction involves various activities starting from the design and planning to project completion and quality check, there is a exorbitant need for Management of construction. • Construction Industry plays a crucial role in the economy and development of a nation.
4. Objectives To complete the project in specified time and with allocated budget. To Plan and schedule the work and distribute between various departments. Deployment of personnel in Different tasks. To achieve High quality workmanship. Creating an organisation that works as a team. Using the limited available resources and producing maximum output. Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions for all personnel and workers.
5. Functions: Planning & Scheduling Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling & Co-ordinating
6. Stages of construction Briefing Designing Tendering Construction Commissioning
7. 1) Briefing Stage • This stage consists of framework required for the construction work to take a shape from the ideology of client and feasibility of Project which involves architects, engineers and project manager.
Objectives Developing Alternatives Feasible Solution ? Evaluation of Alternatives Report & Recommendation Technical and non technical Investigations
8. 2) Designing or planning Stage Prepare construction schedule Prepare final cost estimate Prepare Working Drawings and specificati ons Prepare scheme and detailed designs Soil investigations, Topographic investigation, material supply and market surveys etc Carry out Technical Investigations Final adoption of the most suitable summary Finalize Project Summary
Early contractor involvement (eci) procurement approach spm talk 2016teohwooisin
ECI is a project procurement approach whereby contractors are engaged early to effectively tap on their expertise especially in the aspects buildability, constructability, construction schedule and planning, designs and alternative proposals, value engineering, and latest construction technologies. The presentation will cover the scope of ECI, how ECI could fit into different procurement methods such as Design & Build and traditional procurement, the ECI process and the important considerations in implementing ECI, and the drivers and benefits of ECI. In addition, the ECI models for public sector projects and lessons learned from past ECI cases will also be covered.
A detail description of project management, project success and factors effecting project success during the whole cycle of project.
To download slides please visit my site:
www.xubitech.com
Project Economics
The graphical representation of the demand schedule is the demand curve. The quantity and price are inversely related; that is, Q goes up when P goes down. The curve slopes downward, going from northwest to southeast. This important property is called the law of downward-sloping demand.
Construction Project Management is an important subject to learn in Civil Engineering.
Significance • As construction involves various activities starting from the design and planning to project completion and quality check, there is a exorbitant need for Management of construction. • Construction Industry plays a crucial role in the economy and development of a nation.
4. Objectives To complete the project in specified time and with allocated budget. To Plan and schedule the work and distribute between various departments. Deployment of personnel in Different tasks. To achieve High quality workmanship. Creating an organisation that works as a team. Using the limited available resources and producing maximum output. Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions for all personnel and workers.
5. Functions: Planning & Scheduling Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling & Co-ordinating
6. Stages of construction Briefing Designing Tendering Construction Commissioning
7. 1) Briefing Stage • This stage consists of framework required for the construction work to take a shape from the ideology of client and feasibility of Project which involves architects, engineers and project manager.
Objectives Developing Alternatives Feasible Solution ? Evaluation of Alternatives Report & Recommendation Technical and non technical Investigations
8. 2) Designing or planning Stage Prepare construction schedule Prepare final cost estimate Prepare Working Drawings and specificati ons Prepare scheme and detailed designs Soil investigations, Topographic investigation, material supply and market surveys etc Carry out Technical Investigations Final adoption of the most suitable summary Finalize Project Summary
Early contractor involvement (eci) procurement approach spm talk 2016teohwooisin
ECI is a project procurement approach whereby contractors are engaged early to effectively tap on their expertise especially in the aspects buildability, constructability, construction schedule and planning, designs and alternative proposals, value engineering, and latest construction technologies. The presentation will cover the scope of ECI, how ECI could fit into different procurement methods such as Design & Build and traditional procurement, the ECI process and the important considerations in implementing ECI, and the drivers and benefits of ECI. In addition, the ECI models for public sector projects and lessons learned from past ECI cases will also be covered.
A detail description of project management, project success and factors effecting project success during the whole cycle of project.
To download slides please visit my site:
www.xubitech.com
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdf
Advanced CM_04.09.2022.pptx
1. Sihara Gallage & BSc. (Hons.) in Engineering specialized in Civil Engineering, AMIESL, AM.ECSL
LESSON NUMBER 01
ADVANCE CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS 1
PGD in Civil Engineering
2. 2
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1. Construction Project
2. Phases of a Construction Project
3. Importance of Construction and Construction Industry
4. Sri Lankan Construction Industry
5. Construction Management
6. Importance of Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling Projects
3. 3
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
Which ones are most important for projects ?
Technical Skills
• Budgeting
• Scheduling
• Documenting
People Skills
• Leading
• Motivating
• Listening
• Empathising
4. 4
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
Project
A Project is defined as a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique
product/service/results.
Temporary ? Unique ?
Product
The product in the case of a construction project is the constructed facility
such as a building, a bridge, a highway, a dam, a canal, a factory, etc.
PROJECT AND PRODUCT
5. 5
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
A collection of linked activities,carried out in an
organised manner, with a clearly defined START
POINT and END POINT to achieve some specific
results desired to satisfy the needs of the
organisation at the current time
6. 6
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
Projects
• Writing a term paper
• Developing a supply-chain information system
• Writing a new piano piece
• Designing an iPod that is approximately 2 x 4 inches, interfaces
with PC and stores 10,000 songs
• Wire-tag projects for GE and Wal-mart project
Not a Project : Routine, Repetitive Work
• Taking Class notes
• Daily entering sales receipts into the accounting ledger
• Practicing scales on the piano
• Routine manufacture of an Apple iPod
• Attaching tages on a manufactured product
7. 7
Construction projects
Construction projects involve varying
manpower and their duration can range from a few
weeks to more than five years.
Each construction project is ‘unique’ and
‘temporary’ in nature and so is the management
involved.
8. 8
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Unique Features of a Construction Project
One-time activity
A start and finish
Complexity
Involvement of several people on an Adhoc basis
A limited set of resources
High cost
A time frame for completion
9. 9
High risk of failure
Difficulty in defining quality standards
Sequencing of activities and phases
No practice/rehearsals
Uniqueness of people relationship
Lack of experience of client/owner
Feedback mechanism
High level of subcontracting
Uncertainty exists
10. 10
PHASES OF A CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
Briefing stage
Designing stage
Tendering stage
Construction stage
Commissioning stage
11. 11
1. Briefing stage
• This stage is also called the ‘Report stage’.
• It is the stage where ideas originated by individuals are
studied with regard to cost and benefits so as to establish
the economic viability/social utility of a project.
Purpose
• The purpose of the briefing stage is to enable the client
to specify project functions and permissible costs.
12. 12
Activities (Briefing stage)
• To appoint a project
necessary.
committee, if
• To appoint a project manager who will have a
continuing responsibility to the client through out the
construction project.
• To carry out technical and non-technical
investigation so that alternative proposals may be
given due consideration.
• To study the various alternatives and identify the
most feasible one.
• To prepare the project report which is the outcome of
the first stage.
14. 14
2. Designing stage
• It is a very important stage in the field of
construction because any modification of the
project after this stage would prove
expensive.
• A realistic and detailed cost estimate of
the project can be prepared during the
design stage.
Purpose
• The purpose of this stage is to complete the
project summary and determine the
method of construction and estimated
costs so as to obtain necessary approvals
from the client.
15. 15
ACTIVITIES (DESIGNING STAGE)
• To develop the project summary for the final adoption
of the most suitable alternative.
• To carry out technical investigations such as,
– Soil investigation
– Topographic investigation
– Materials surveys
– Market surveys
• To prepare detailed design, working drawings,
specifications, bill of quantities, final cost estimate
and preliminary construction programme.
16. 16
3. Tendering stage
• During this stage tenders are invited and the contract
is awarded at the best available terms agreed
mutually between the owner’s team and the contractors.
Purpose
• The purpose of the tendering stage is to appoint a
contractor who will undertake the construction work on
the most suitable terms and conditions of quality, cost
and completion time.
17. 17
Activities (Tendering stage)
• To invite tenders from the contractors for the construction
work and to award the contract.
• Pre-qualification of contractors involves an investigation of
the potential of contractor’s financial, managerial and
physical resources, contractor’s experience of handling
similar projects, etc.
• To prepare contract documents, to be signed by the
client and the contractor.
• Holding a pre-bid conference and providing the necessary
information.
18. 18
Activities (Tendering stage)
• Negotiating contract price with qualified contractor.
• Reviewing documents submitted by contractor.
19. 19
4. Construction stage
• The construction stage involves the execution of
construction work as per the design, drawing and
within agreed limits of time, cost and specified quality.
Construction Planning Activities
• Construction schedule
• Manpower schedule
• Material delivery schedule
• Plant and equipment schedule
20. 20
Control of site operations Activities
• Supply of materials and equipment
• Supervision for quality control
• Co-ordination among sub-contractors
• Supervision for quality control
• Supply of necessary drawings
21. 21
5. Commissioning stage
• It is the stage in which the performance of the
structure is evaluated and the proposed nature
of maintenance and repair are considered.
Purpose
• The purpose of this stage is to ensure that the
construction work has been carried out as per
the drawing and specifications and all the
facilities developed function properly as
envisaged in the design.
22. 22
Activities (Commissioning stage)
• To keep various records of actual work.
• To inspect the construction work
thoroughly and have any defects rectifies.
• To prepare operating instructions and maintenance
manuals.
• To carry out tests for performance, such as water
tightness, strength etc.
23. 23
IMPORTANCE OF CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY
• Construction is an important part estate and infrastructure such as:
– Residential
– Industrial
– Corporate
– Commercial
24. 24
• Infrastructure
– Roads
– Railways
– Urban infrastructure
– Ports
– Airports
– Power
• The importance of construction can be gauged from the fact
that cost of construction of certain infrastructure projects
may be as high as 60 to 80% of the total project cost.
25. 25
• Construction is recognized as the basic input for socio-
economic development of a country.
• Since construction industry is dependent on a
number of industries, its growth in other industries as well
– Development of building materials industry
– Development of construction equipments industry
• Construction products such as buildings,
bridges, roads, power plants have a long life as compared
to the products of other industries.
26. 26
SRI LANKANCONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Factors in favour of Sri Lankan construction
industry
• Availability of cheap labour
• Availability of qualified professionals
• Large number of construction companies
• Actual shortage of housing
• Boost from the government
• Growth in industrial sector
27. 27
SRI LANKAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
(CONTINUED..)
Factors against the Sri Lankan construction industry
• Low productivity
• Low ratio of skilled to unskilled workers
• High cost of finance
• Complicated tax structure
• Presence of small contractors who lack financial and
technology backup
• Negligible investment in R & D
• Competition from multinational companies
28. Investment opportunities inConstruction in Sri Lanka
• Construction development in residential, retail, commercial and
hospitality sectors
• Technology and solutions for smart sustainable cities
• Technology for the promotion of low-cost housing
• Green building solutions
• Smart cities
• Sustainable and Environmental friendly building materials
•
29. • Training and Skill development of construction sector workers
• Urban water supply, Sewage, Sewage treatment, Solid waste
management
27
30. CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
• Project Management is the art and science of mobilising and
managing people, materials, equipment and money to
complete the assigned project work on time, within budgeted
costs and specified technical performance standards.
• Construction Management may be defined as the management
in which group of people of different categories works together,
to execute the project economically without affecting the quality
in a well pla
Pr
n
of.n
Ash
e
ish
d
Mak
a
wa
n
nad organised manner.28
31. 31
Scope of Construction Management
• Planning and estimating
• Execution of works
• Financial management
• Material management
• Equipment management
• Labour management
• Site layout
• Equipments and Materials plant location
• Labour relationships
• Industrial psychology for smooth flow of work
32. 32
Need of Construction Management
• Co-ordination between different agencies
• Economy in Construction
• Development of management and machinery
• Speed of Construction
• Quality Control of materials and workmanship
33. OBJECTIVES OF CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT
• Completing the work within estimated budget.
• Completing the work within specified time.
• The Quality and workmanship should be better.
• The work should be executed as per specification.
• Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions
for all personnel and workers.
• Taking sound decisions at the lowest practical
management level through delegation of authority.
• Motivating people to give their best within their capacities.
• Creating an organisation that works as a team.
• Achieving economy iPn
rof. t
Ah
shis
e
h Mc
ako
wan
nastruction. 31
34. 34
PHASES / FUNCTIONS OF CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT
• Planning and Scheduling
• Organising
• Staffing
• Directing
• Controlling
• Co-ordinating
• Communication
35. 35
Planning - Planning involves formulation of a number of alternative
of realistic work plans for achieving specified objectives and finally
selecting a plan which is best suited from the standpoint of available
resources and constraints imposed upon the project.
• Planning is the administrative process which translates the
policy into a method of achieving the objectives.
• How a project will be carried out?
• What materials will be used?
• What equipment and machineries will be utilized?
• What men and staff will be employed?
‘What to do?’ and ‘How to do?’
36. 36
Scheduling - Scheduling is the fitting of the final work plan to a
time scale. It shows the duration and order of various
construction activities.
‘When to do?’
• Time plan
• Resources plan
• Plan for controlling project
• Schedule of design and drawing preparation
• Work quantities
• Progress of work planned
• Resource allocations
• Budget costs
37. 37
Organising – Organising is concerned with division of the total
construction work into manageable sections and systematically arranging
various operations by delegating specific tasks to individuals.
Staffing – Organising involve the division of the project work into sections
and staffing is the provision of people to fill the positions so created.
• Staffing functions- Recruiting the right people, Arranging staff
training courses, Carrying out proper staff assessment
38. 38
Directing – The directing function is concerned with training sub-
ordinates to carry out assigned tasks, supervising their work and guiding
their efforts.
• The essence of directing lies in the ability to motivate people
individually and as groups to utilize their creative efforts in
achieving specified objectives.
Controlling – Controlling is necessary for ensuring effective and
efficient working.
• It involves a constant review of the work plan to check on actual
achievements and to discover and rectify deviations through
appropriate corrective measures.
39. 39
Planning
• Planning aims at formulation of a time based plan of action for co-
ordinating various activities and resources to achieve specified
objectives.
• Planning is the process of developing the project plan.
Benefits (Planning)
• Project plan clearly defines project’s scope of work.
• Project plan aids the management in performing its functions efficiently
and effectively.
• Project plan identifies critical activities.
• Project plan provides the yard-stick for measuring progress and
evaluating resources performance.
40. 40
EUROPEAN NATIONS CAMPUS
Co-ordinating
• This is a process where the framework of the organization is made to
operate smoothly with the flow of information , decisions and results in
every direction
42. 42
Benefits (Planning)…
• A project plan maintains continuity of work, specially when project
organisation is temporary and its staffing is transient in nature.
• Project plans provide the basis of coordinating the efforts of clients,
consultants, architects, designers, quantity surveyors, suppliers,
contractors and the project staff.
• Project plan creates healthy environment.
• It commits individuals to tasks and motivates them to achieve
challenging targets.
43. 43
Benefits (Scheduling)
• Schedule simplify a project plan.
• Schedule validates time objectives.
• Schedule aids in the optimization
employed.
of resources
• Schedule enables forecasting of input resources like
man, materials and machinery.
• Schedule brings out implications of time and
resources constraints.
44. 44
Benefits (Controlling)
• The control system aids the management at various
levels to perform its functions efficiently and
effectively for achieving the overall project objectives.
Benefits (At each level of management for Controlling)
(a) Operational control at supervisory level
(b) Administrative control at managerial level
(c)Directional Control at General
Project Manager (PM) level
(d) Strategic control at corporate level
Manager (GM) /
45. 45
Benefits (At each level of management
for
Controlling)…
(a) Operational control at supervisory level
• Minimizing unproductive man hours
• Preventing wastage of materials
• Economizing plant and machinery utilization
• Reducing activity execution time
46. 46
(b) Administrative control at managerial level
• Updating the work quantities status and determining
the balance scope of work
• Analyzing project time status
• Evaluating production cost status and forecasting
future trends
• Calculating income status and forecasting cash
inflows
• Computing budget status and forecasting cash inflows
47. 47
(c)Directional Control at General Manager (GM) / Project
Manager (PM) level
• Analyzing project time – cost behaviour and making decisions on
time saving when required
• Reviewing project cost and profitability, and making profitability
improvement decisions
• Auditing management’s performance
(d) Strategic control at corporate level
• Determining overall profitability
• Budgeting and allocating funds and resources
• Updating the company’s planning norms and unit rates for
securing future works
49. 49
Building construction
• Residential buildings
• Commercial buildings
• Educational buildings
• Recreational buildings
• Hospitals and hotels
• Warehouse and marketing facilities
50. 50
Infrastructure construction
• Highways and expressways
• Dams and canals
• Airports
• Railways
• Bridges
• Oil / gas pipelines
• Large water supply and sewerage networks
• Docks and harbours
• Nuclear and thermal power plants
51. 51
Industrial construction
• Construction of steel plants
• Petroleum refineries
• Chemical and Fertilizer plants
• Consumer goods factories
• Automobile and aircraft industry
52. 52
Special – purpose projects
• Environmental works
• Emergencies
• Remedial works
• Installation and commissioning of equipment
Classification of projects based on completion time
• Large duration projects (over 10 years)
• Medium duration projects (3 to 10 years)
• Short duration projects (few months to 3 years)
• Special short term projects (less than 1 year)
53. 53
Classification of projects based on project value
• Mega value projects
• Large value projects
• Medium value projects
• Small value projects
54. 54
Classification of projects based on plant and
equipment
Light Construction
• Residential buildings
• Educational buildings
• Recreational buildings
• Commercial buildings
• Schools, hotels
• Small bridges, water tanks
• Shopping centers
55. 55
Classification of projects based on plant and
equipment…
Heavy Construction
• Dams, barrages, tunnels
• Highways, railways, airports
• Harbours
• Multispan bridges with well / pile foundations
57. 57
Resources for Construction Industry
• Man power – Man power in the form of technical and managerial
personnel and work force in various trades is essential to carry out
project activities.
• Money – Adequate funds should be available for smooth
implementation of the project.
• Materials – bricks, steel, stones, timber, aggregate, scaffolding,
cement, water supply and sanitary fittings, lime, petrol, oil,
lubricants
• Machinery – batching and mixing plants, Mixers, crushers, Trucks,
dumpers, tractors, Rollers, Powers, Cranes, excavators, hoist, Pumps,
generators
58. 58
Stakeholders of a Construction Project
(Construction Team)
• Owner
• Engineers / Architects
• Contractors
59. 59
• The owner should
Owner – The owner in a building or engineering project
may be an individual, group of individuals, private or
public undertaking.
Responsibilities of the owner
• The owner is supposed to provide necessary site on
which the proposed work is to be constructed.
• The owner should appoint an engineer, to look after
the technical requirements of the work.
necessary
supply
working drawings through his architect
contractor in time so that the work
plans and
to the
is not
unnecessarily delayed.
60. 60
Responsibilities of the owner…
• The owner should respect the conditions of contract concerning his
powers and duties.
• The owner should provide necessary work front to the contractor so
that work is not delayed.
• The owner should make necessary arrangement for the funds
required for the construction of the work so that regular payments
shall be made to the contractor.
• It is desirable that the owner should pass all the instructions to
the contractor through his engineer.
• The owner should supply materials and issue machinery, if it is
a part of the contract.
61. 61
Responsibilities of the owner…
• The owner should make arrangements to record the measurement
of items in time before they are covered up in the subsequent
execution of work.
• The owner should not interfere with the progress of the work and
should not pass such instructions which will lead to the problems
of extra items, liquidated damages, etc.
• The owner should not suspend the work temporarily unless it
appears to be in his interest to do so.
• To take over possession of the completed work timely from the
contractor.
62. 62
ENGINEERS AND ARCHITECTS
• This includes structural, mechanical and
electrical
surveyors,
engineers, architects,
specialists such as
quantity
structural
consultants, safety and maintenance planners,
soil investigators etc.
Responsibility of engineer
• To organize and supervise the execution of work
and to see that they are suitably and
economically carried out with specified quality
of materials.
63. 63
Responsibility of engineer…
• It is the duty of the executive engineer to prepare
estimate of proposed works through his subordinates and
submit the same to his superintending engineer.
• The engineer is responsible for explaining the plans and
provisions of the specifications.
• The engineer is responsible for giving all lines and levels
required in connection with the work.
• It is his duty to invite tenders for works valued within his
power, after obtaining administrative and technical sanction.