Administration

PRAVIN KUMAR
DAMOR
MSC NURSING FINAL
GOVT. COLLEGE OF
NURSING UDAIPUR

CONCEPT, NATURE, FUNCTION AND
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND
ADMINISTRATION

Nursing is a major component of the health
care delivery system, and nurses make up
the longest employment group within the
system. Nursing services are necessary for
virtually every client seeking care of any
type, including health promotion, diagnosis
and treatment and rehabilitation. In this
connection nurses need to understand the
system to effectively deliver quality care

Every nurse practice today needs
to appreciate that health care in a
business. The success of health
care business depends on nursing
participation in changing the
system for delivering cost
effective care.

The word “Administer” is derived from the
Latin word “Ad+ministraire”, means to
care for or to look after people to manage
affairs. Administraire means “serve.” The
meaning is suggestive enough as it insists
on the administrator to regard himself as
servant, not that the master to look after,
perform all functions.

Administration is a process
performing all collective effort, be it
public or private, civil or military, large
scale otherwise, and in that of
universal nature it is a corporate
effort, directed towards the realization
of a consciously laid down
objective(s).

1. Administration is the organization and
direction of human and material resources
to achieve desired ends. — Pfiffner and
Dresitus
2. Administration is the direction,
coordination and control of many persons to
achieve some purposes or objectives. —
L.D. White

3. Administration is concerned with what and
the ‘how’ of Government. The what in the
subject matter the technical knowledge of field
which enables the administrator to perform his
tasks. The how in the technique of
management the principles according to which
cooperative programmes are carried to
success. — Marshall E. Dimock
4. Administration may be defined as the
management of affairs with the use of well
thought out principles and practices and
rationalized techniques to achieve certain
goals/objectives. — Herbert A. Simon

1. Universal and Holistic
2. Intangible
3. Continuous and ongoing
4. Goal oriented
5. Social and human
6. Dynamic
7. Creative or Innovative

Organization is a group of people
working together to achieve
certain laid down common goals
or objectives. These goals are
achieved through the harmonised
coordinated and conscious efforts
to all categories of people
constituting the organization.

It is extreme important that goals which are
formulated for an organization and in
achieving these goals. Administration and
management are interchangeably used.
Whether these two terms are different or
synonymous and the different
interpretation of the term management.

1. “Management is defined as the process by
which a cooperative group directs actions
towards common goal.” — Joseph Massie
2. “Management is the process and agency
which directs and guides the operations of an
organizations in realizing established aims.” — O.
Tead
3. “Management is simply the process of
decision making and control over the action of
human being for the express purpose of attaining
predetermined goal.” — Stanley Vance

INTRODUCTION
The sequence of administration attempts to
discover and impart, principles of
administration. Principles can mean either
of two things: i.e., cubical nature and
generalization of behaviour.
Principles are based with any types of
administration and management with
principles can not fulfil any determined
outcomes of management effectively.

Meaning of word principle is a
generalization from behaviour. A succinct
statement that experience has shows that
if “A” (a purpose) is to be attained then “B”
(a train of policies and activities) must be
employed.
There are many authors described the
organizational principles to mean the
administration and management effectively
to achieve the goals.

 According to’’Finer” following are the
principles of administration.
1. Principle of oneness
 From the apprehension of purpose, from its
absorption, flows directly the oneness of leadership
that gives from to the whole aggregate of people
whose skills are needed for its fulfilment.
Leadership must take the form of a single
executive or a due or triumvirate and they are
numerous forms of collective administrative bodies.

2. Principle of specialisation and the
whole
Principle of oneness offers guidance in an
endemic problem in administration. The
relationship of the specialist or expert to
the total plan. In the administration, each
one should become an expert.

3. Principle of hierarchy and
regimentation
Administration has accepted the idea
of hierarchy to denote authority
coming downwards from above, but
do not in the sense of chastising
dogmatic rule it accepts it in the sense
only of functional super ordination sub
ordination.

4. Principle of morale
Morale is the spirit of active devotion to the
persons working together for a common
purpose. When it is high, the subjective burden
of the work, its hours, its routine the patience it
demands the submission of personal interesting
and values, are highly carried, and there is an
easy and cheerful demeanour on the part of
those who take and give order.

5. Principle of bureaucracy
Bureaucracy is diseased administration, the
disease may be defined deficiency in the spirit
that created its purpose that caused
organization to be created, so that either co-
operation has fallen apart activities are
executed without any interest in the object
originally assigned to them. Bureaucracy in
administration without purpose, ethos, oneness
or morale, it is the organizational form of
personality equal to individual person called the
“Hollowman.”

6 Principle of self administration
Administration begins with the self in
relationship to the fulfilment of a purpose.
The administrator begins with the self
administration, the adaptation of his own
stubborn, passive, incompetent or
dissentient self to the purpose, even if no
one else is at work with him on the job.

 1. Division of Work.
 Specialization allows the individual to build up
experience, and to continuously improve his
skills. Thereby he can be more productive.
Small task, Competent, Specialization,
Efficiency, Effectiveness

2. Principle of Authority and
Responsibility : Authority
means power to take
decisions. Responsibility
means obligation to
complete the job

3. PRINCIPLE OF DISCIPLINE: General
rules and regulations for systematic
working in an organization.

4. Principle of unity of command:
Employee should receive orders from one
boss only.
5. Unity of direction: All the efforts of the
members and employees of the
organization must be directed to one
direction that is the achievement of
common goal.

 6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest:
Subordination of individual interest to general
interest the interest of the organization must
supersede the interest of the individuals.
 7. Principle of remuneration of persons:
Employees must be paid fairly or adequately to give
them maximum satisfaction
 8. Principle of centralization and decentralization:
Centralization refers to concentration of power in few
hands. Decentralization means evenly distribution
of power at every level.

9. Principle of scalar chain: Means line
of authority or chain of superiors from
highest to lowest rank
10. Principle of Order: Principle of Order
It refers to orderly arrangement of men and
material a fixed place for everything and
everyone in the organization

11. Principle of Equity:
Principle of Equity Fair
and just treatment to
employees.

12. Stability of
tenure of
personnel:
Stability of
tenure of
personnel No
frequent
termination or
transfer.

13. Principle of
Initiative: Principle
of Initiative
Employees must
be given
opportunity to take
some initiative in
making and
executing a plan

14. Principle of
Esprit De
Corps:
Principle of
Esprit De
Corps
Means union

Administration

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