2. Introduction
Nursing is a major component of the health
care delivery system, and nurses make up the
longest employment group within the system.
3. ……….contd
As health services increases, the need for
nursing service increases and more and more
persons become involved in providing these
services.
4. --------------contd
The role of professional nurse now ranges
from the giving of care to direction and
supervision of other person who gives care to
the patients.
5. ………contd.
Administrative skill has become
indispensible in providing creative,
need fulfilling patient care within this
many faceted and multidisciplinary
approach to the giving nursing care.
6. Definition Of Management
According to A Das Gupta: “Management
is defined as the creation and control of
technical and human environment of an
organization in which human skills and
capacities of individuals and groups find
full scope for their effective use in order to
accomplish the objectives for which an
enterprise has been setup.”
7. Management In Nursing
Nursing and Health Systems integrates
business and leadership principles,
organizational behavior, and resource
management with nursing science to prepare
nurses to participate as full partners in
managing and leading health care
organizations and systems.
8. Definition Of Administration
Administration can be defined as the
universal process of organizing people and
resources efficiently so as to direct activities
toward common goals and objectives.
9. CONT-----
According to Pfiffner and Presthus :
“ Administration is defined as the
organization and direction of human
and material resources to achieve
desired ends.”
12. Planning
Planning is deciding in advance what to do,
how to do it, when to do it, and who should
do it.
It maps the path from where the
organization is to where it wants to be.
13. …….contd.
The planning function involves establishing
goals and arranging them in a logical order.
Administrators engage in both short-range
and long-range planning.
15. ……contd.
The purpose is to achieve coordinated effort
among all the elements in the organization
(Coordinating).
Organizing must take into account delegation of
authority and responsibility and span of control
within supervisory units.
16. 3. STAFFING
Staffing means filling job positions with
the right people at the right time.
It involves determining staffing needs,
writing job descriptions, recruiting
and screening people to fill the positions.
17. Directing
Is leading people in a manner that achieves
the goals of the organization. This involves
proper allocation of resources and providing
an effective support system.
18. ……contd.
Directing requires exceptional interpersonal
skills and the ability to motivate people.
One of the crucial issues in directing is to find
the correct balance between emphasis on staff
needs and emphasis on economic production.
19. Controlling
Controlling is a function that evaluates
quality in all areas and detects potential or
actual deviations from the organization's plan.
This ensures high-quality performance and
satisfactory results while maintaining an
orderly and problem-free environment.
21. BUDGETING
Budgeting exempted from the list above,
incorporates most of the administrative
functions, beginning with the implementation
of a budget plan through the application
of budget controls.
23. …..contd.
Competency of nursing services staff
through staff development administrative
processes and the competency assessment
process.
24. …..contd.
The continuous and timely availability of
nursing services to patients.
Adherence of nursing standards of patient
care and hospital standards of nursing
practices to current nationally recognized
professional standards.
25. …..contd.
Effective utilization of hospital resources
allocated to Nursing Services.
Performance of applicable processes within
patient care functions.
Assessment of each patient’s nursing care
needs.
26. ……contd.
Planning for and provision of nursing care
interventions.
Prevention of complications and promotion
of improvement in the patient’s comfort and
wellness.
27. …..contd.
Collaboration with other hospital leaders in
designing and providing patient care and
services.
Notification of other care professionals to the
patient’s condition, as appropriate;
Active participation in hospital leadership
functions and activities.
28. PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION
Division of work:
In any organization, administrator or manager
cannot perform all the activities to achieve it
objectives. The division of work should be
according to job which grouped according to
the departments.
29. ……contd.
2. Authority, Responsibility &
accountability
If the person has to perform job assignment
effectively, there should be delegation of
authority and responsibility needed, which in
turn helps to get accountability.
30. ……contd.
3.Discipline
For smooth running of administration to
achieve objectives, there should be
proper observance of rules, regulations,
norms, decorum, manners, code of ethics
and respect.
31. …..contd.
4. Unity of command
In any organization the subordinates
should be supervised by a single superior
to whom he/ she should be accountable.
32. ……contd.
5. Unity of direction
In any organization, there should be one
supervisor to give direction to his/ her
subordinates.
33. …..contd.
6. Subordination of individual interest
to organizational interest
Narrow selfish interest should turn into
common and broad interest of the
organization for its welfare.
34. …..contd.
7.Remuneration of the personnel
There should be fair policy for payment
to the personnel justifying the workload,
job hazards, efficiency and quality of
performance.
35. …..contd.
8. Centralization
There should be some amount of greater and
larger authority resting with top level
managers.
9. Equity
In administration, there should be a fair and
impartial treatment to all workers
irrespective of their job.
36. ……contd.
10.Scalar chain of command
It implies that there is chain or link of
directional instructions from the top
level to the lowest rank of organizational
members in the hierarchy.
37. ……contd.
11.Order
There should be proper systematic
arrangement of staff, materials, supplies
and equipment according to requirement
of specific job departments.
38. …..contd.
12.Stability of tenure of personnel
Organizations should make proper
efforts to ensure stability and continuity
in the tenure of the personnel, which
give security and promotes production.
43. Nature And Characteristics
Of Planning
Focuses on
objectives
Intellectual
process
Selective
process
Pervasive
Integrated
process
44. Nature And Characteristics
Of Planning
Focuses on objectives:
A plan starts with setting of
objective and then make efforts to
realize them by developing polices,
procedure and strategic.
45. …..contd.
It is intellectual process:
According Koonez and O’Donnell planning
is an intellectual process involving mental
exercise with help in forecasting &
determination of best course of action.
46. ……contd.
Selective process: Planning involve
the selecting of the best option among
the various alternatives.
Pervasive: It is a preside activity: It is
pervasive activity. Covering all the
levels is removed).
48. …….contd.
Flexible:
The process of planning should be
adapted to the changes that takes
place in the environment .
Lead success rather than failure.
49. PURPOSES:
The following are some reasons for
planning:
It increases the chances of success by
focusing on results and not on activities.
It forces analytic thinking and evaluation
of alternatives, thereby improving
decisions
50. …….contd.
It establishes a framework for
decision making that is consistent
with top management objectives.
51. ………contd
It orients people to action rather than
reaction.
It includes day-to-day and future-
focused managing.
It helps to avoid crisis management and
provides decision- making flexibility
52. ………..contd
It provides a basis for managing
organizational and individual
performance.
It increases employee involvement and
improves communication.
It is cost effective.
54. Types Of Planning
1. Strategic Planning
It carries a wider perspective for the
whole of the organization at the
highest planning level.
55. ……….contd
It is concerned with developing the main
mission of the institution, developing
broad objectives, followed by determining
the services required, and determining the
means of fulfilling the same.
56. 2.Operational Planning
It is at the lower organizational level,
generally focuses on program formulation
and implementation.
It is concerned with implementing the
strategic plan in all its components at the
operational level.
57. Factors Which Enhance The
Planning
Characteristics of planning.
Elements of the planning process.
Strategic or long term planning process.
61. …………contd
Planning is the assessment of the
nursing division’strength and
weakness, covering factors that affect
performance and facilitate or inhibit
the achievement of objectives.
63. Essentials Of Good Planning
Based on the objectives
Must be simple
Should be rationalized and
appropriate
Should be comprehensive
Must be flexible and balanced
65. Step by Step Approach to Planning
1. • Analysis of the situation
2. • Identifying priority problem
3. • Formulate objectives
4. • Setting goals
5.
• Reviewing limitations/constraints
6. • Laying down operational policy and systems
7. • Writing down the plan
8. • Being aware of the opportunity
66. Step by Step Approach to
Planning
9.
• Establish objectives or goals
10.
• Identify alternatives
11.
• Compare alternatives in the light of goals sought
12
• Choose an alternative
13.
• Formulate derivative plans
68. CONT------
The purpose is to achieve coordinated effort
among all the elements in the organization
(Coordinating). Organizing must take into
account delegation of authority and
responsibility and span of control within
supervisory units.
69. STAFFING
Staffing means filling job positions
with the right people at the right time. It
involves determining staffing needs,
writing job descriptions, recruiting
and screening people to fill the
positions.
70. DIRECTING
Is leading people in a manner that
achieves the goals of the organization.
This involves proper allocation of
resources and providing an effective
support system.
71. CONT-------
Directing requires exceptional
interpersonal skills and the ability to
motivate people. One of the crucial issues
in directing is to find the correct balance
between emphasis on staff needs and
emphasis on economic production.
72. Controlling
Controlling is a function that evaluates
quality in all areas and detects potential or
actual deviations from the organization's
plan. This ensures high-quality performance
and satisfactory results while maintaining an
orderly and problem-free environment
74. Budgeting
Budgeting exempted from the list above,
incorporates most of the administrative
functions, beginning with the
implementation of a budget plan through
the application of budget controls.
75. MEANING
Coordination is the act of coordinating,
making different people or things work
together for a goal or effect.
76. DEFINITION
"Co-ordination is the integrating process
in an orderly pattern of group efforts in
an organization toward the
accomplishment of a common
objective"
78. IMPORTANCE OF
CO-ORDINATION
Creative force
Unity of direction
High employee morale
Diverse and specialized activities
To avoid personal rivalries and
prejudice
To avoid conflict of interests
81. Coordination Applied to Nursing
Management
Health care system consists of
different categories of health
personnel which requires intense
coordination to function it effectively.
Nursing service is often the largest
group of health personnel with wide
range of functions and skills.
82. ……contd.
Effective coordination of nursing
services and patient care will lead to
patient satisfaction, better quality of
service and patient outcome
83. CONTROL
Control in management means setting
standards, measuring actual performance
and taking corrective action. Thus, control
comprises these three main activities.
DEFINITIONS
According to Henri Fayol,
Control of an undertaking consists of seeing
that everything is being carried out in
accordance with the plan which has been
adopted, the orders which have been given, and
the principles which have been laid down. Its
object is to point out mistakes in order that they
may be rectified and prevented from recurring.
84. PROCESS OF CONTROLLING
Setting performance standards.
Measurement of actual performance.
Comparing actual performance with
standards.
Analyzing deviations.
Correcting deviations.
85. CHARACTERISTICS OF
CONTROL
Control is a continuous process
Control is a management process
Control is embedded in each level
of organizational hierarchy
86. CHARACTERISTICS OF
CONTROL
Control is forward looking
Control is closely linked with
planning
Control is a tool for achieving
organizational activities
87. KINDS OF CONTROL
I. Open- or closed-loop control)
II. Man or machine control systems)
III. organizational or operational control
88. PROBLEMS OF CONTROL
Operating "in control" or "with plan"
does not guarantee optimum
performance.
Some of the more typical problems
relating to control include
The difficulty of measurement,
The problem of timing information flow
The setting of proper standards.
89. SUMMARIZATION:
The topic overview of nursing
management includes definition of
management , management in
nursing, definition of administration,
administration elements, functions of
nursing administration, principles of
administration, planning, control and
coordination.
90. CONCLUSION:
Thus it can be concluded that the
nurses need to understand and utilize
the managerial skills and various
elements of administration and
principles concerned for proper
administration of nursing services
and for the various organizational
goals to be met.
