Adjectives are words that modify nouns and pronouns by describing attributes such as kind, quantity, or ownership. Nouns can also function as adjectives by describing attributes of other nouns. Possessive pronouns like "our" and "his" act as adjectives by modifying nouns. Articles like "a", "an", and "the" are also considered adjectives. Many adjectives have comparative forms to indicate degrees such as more, most, or -er endings.