3. ETIOLOGY:-
1) AGE :- It can occure at any age.
2) SEX :- No preference for any paarticular sex.
3) Many occure with association with erruptive fevers like
measles.
4) Bad hygeinic condition and dirty habits help the
infection to establish as the disease is highly
contagious.
5) Causative organism:- Any organism which affects the
mucous membrane.common organism:-coagulase
positive staphylococcus,koch-weeks
bacillus,pneumococcus,influenza bacillus,besides this
adenovirus can also cause conjunctivitis.
4. Pathology:-
Congestion of blood
vessels with incresed
capillary permeability.
Exudation of fibrin and
polymorphs &
otherinflammatory cells
in subtantia propria.
Oedema of
conjunctiva(chemosis of
conjunctiva)
Secretion of mucous by
goblet cells
Exudate containing fibrin
and leucocytes comes
to the surface in the
form of discharge due to
looseness of epithelium
of bulbar conjunctiva.
Superficial epithelial
cells,which form the
secondline of defence
,phagocytose the invading
agents and are themselves
desquamated.the basal layer
of cells proliferates and
makes up the deficiency.
5. Thus the conjuctival discharge consists of ,tears
,mucous epithelial cells ,bacteria,leucocyte and fibrin.
If the inflammation is very severe in children,diapedesis
of R.B.C.may occur and the discharge becomes blood
stained.
In mild cases the infection is overcome and the condition
is cured within 10-15 days otherwise it may go to the
chronic stage.
6. Symptoms:-
Discomfort and foreign body sensation due to
engorgement of blood vessels.
Photophobia or difficulty to tolerate light ,and watering of
the eye.
Mistiness of vision,due to a thin layer of discharge of
mucous on the cornea.
Sticking together of the lid margins during sleep due to
the discharge.
Rainbow halo around the light due to a thin layer of
discharge on the corneal surface which breaks white
light in to its component parts.
7. Signs:-
Usually starts in one eye and then the other eye is
affected.
Conjuctival type of congestion.
Chemosis of conjuctiva and mild oedema of the lids.
Petechial subconjunctival haemorrhage.
Muco-purulent discharge seen accumulated at the inner
and outer canthus,lower fornix or at the roots of the
eyelashesh.
8. Diagnostic criteria:-
History of sticking together of the eyelids during sleep.
Conjuctival type of congestion.
Presence of mucopurulent discharge.
10. Treatment:-
Prophylactic :-
Prophylaxix against the good eye :-
A) By not touching the eye with one’s own fingure.
B) By asking the patient to lie on on affected side,so
that the discharge from the affected eye may not come
contact in good eye.
Prophylaxis agains other family member:-
The personal belongings of the patients like
towel,handkercheif,etc,should be kept separate.
11. Curative:-
a) Conjuctival sac should be washed with warm normal
saline water 3 times a day.
b) Mild astringent drops like lotio argyrol 5 percent or lotio
protargol 5 percent.
c) Sulphacetamide 20% drops
d) Broad spectrum antibiotic ointment (tetracycline or
oxytetracycline)
e) If marginal ulcer their,atropine sulph 1 %drop
f) Steroids are contraindicated.
12. Top Homeopathic Medicines for conjunctivitis:
The top-grade homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis
are Belladonna, Euphrasia and Pulsatilla. Belladonna is
the best choice for acute conjunctivitis. It is used when
the eyes are markedly red, dry and swollen. Euphrasia
is recommended when inflamed eyes are accompanied
with acrid discharges. There is marked redness, burning
and itching in the eyes. From the above mentioned
homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis, Pulsatilla is
utilized when mucopurulent discharges from the eyes
are present. The discharges are green colored.
13. Homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
marked redness and swelling:
The most suitable homeopathic medicines for
conjunctivitis with marked redness and swelling are
Belladonna and Euphrasia. Belladonna is very
effective when the eyes are markedly swollen, red,
dry and congested. Photophobia may also
accompany. Euphrasia is also an excellent choice
when marked redness and swelling of the eyes is
accompanied with discharges. The discharges are
acrid, watery and of irritating nature with intensely
itchy eyes.
14. Homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
watery eye discharge:
The prominently indicated homeopathic medicines
for conjunctivitis with thin, watery eye discharge
include Euphrasia and Aconite. Euphrasia works
well when there is a thin watery eye discharge.
Along with thin discharge, itching, redness and
swelling in the eyes is marked. Aconite is selected
when the thin watery eye discharge is accompanied
with heat, swelling and a gritty, sand-like sensation
in the eyes.
15. Homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
mucopurulent discharges:
Calcarea Sulph and Pulsatilla are top-grade
homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
mucopurulent discharges. Calcarea Sulph is the best
choice of medicine when the eye discharges are thick
and yellow colored. The eyes are also inflamed with
itching and burning. Amongst the list of homeopathic
medicines for conjunctivitis with mucopurulent
discharges, Pulsatilla also gives excellent results. It is
specifically used when the eye discharge is thick and
greenish color. Burning and itching in the eyes is also
prominent.
16. Homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
agglutination and sticky eyelids:
Borax is one of the best homeopathic medicines for
conjunctivitis with agglutinated and sticky eyelids. It
is used when the eyelids are loaded with dry
exudation, causing the eyelids to stick together.
Mainly the agglutination is marked in the morning
time. The next effective medicine from the list of
homeopathic medicines for conjunctivitis with
agglutinated and sticky eyelids is Argentum
Nitricum. Argentum Nitricum is prescribed when
copious mucopurulent eye discharges are present
with sticky eyelids. The conjunctiva is markedly red
and swollen.
