Active Directory is a directory service in Windows that centrally manages user accounts, computers, groups and network resources. It provides single point of administration for these resources across an organization. Active Directory offers features like centralized management, security, scalability and flexibility. It allows easy administration of user access to files, applications and other network services through group policy.

1. By
Shilpa Kulkarni

2. ACTIVE DIRECTORY
• Microsoft Directory service
• Initially released in 1999
• Originally designed for Windows 2000 Server
• Enhanced with Windows Server 2008 and Windows server 2012

3. Active Directory is a Directory Service which Contains Information of All
User Accounts and Shared Recourses on a Network.
A directory service (DS) is a software application- or a set of
applications - that stores and organizes information about a computer
network's users and network resources.
• Active Directory is a Centralized Hierarchical Directory Database
• Allows network administrators to manage users' access to the
resources
• Act as an abstraction layer between users and shared resources
ACTIVE DIRECTORY

4. What Is Active Directory?
Directory service functionality
Organize
Manage
Control
Centralized management
Single point of administration
Active Directory
Resources

5. 1.Provide User Logon and Authentication Services
2.To organize and manage:
User Accounts
Computers
Groups and
Network Resources
3 Enables authorized Users to easily locate:
Network Resources
PURPOSE OF ACTIVE DIRECTORY

6. 1.Fully Integrated Security
2.Easy Administration using Group Policy
3.Scalable to any Size Network
4.Flexible
FEATURES OF ACTIVE DIRECTORY
NEW FEATURES IN ACTIVE DIRECTORY
Provide file shares.
 Authenticate users
Control access to services and shares
 Provide services, such as Email, Access to the internet,
Print services etc.

7. How Directory Service Evolved
Server
(Directory System Agent)
Directory Info Base
Directory Info Tree
Backup Server
Client
(Directory User Agent)
DAP
DOP
Directory Organization
Management Protocol
Earlier we had no DATABASE Standard
So ITU & ISO introduced X.500

8. DAP Directory Access Protocol is based on OSI Layers
LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol based on TCP/IP Layer
DAP was introduced in BANYAN VINES
It named the Database as STREET TALK
LDAP was first Introduced in NOVELL
Novell named it NDS ( Network Directory Services

9. Logical Structure of Active Directory
FOREST
TREE Parent/Root
Child/Branch

10. Domains: Trees, Forests, Trusts, and Outs
Active Directory is made up of one or more domains. Creating the initial domain controller in a network also creates the domain—you cannot have a domain without at least one domain controller. Each domain in the directory is identified by a DNS domain name. You use the Active Directory Domains and Trusts tool to manage domains.
Domains: Trees, Forests
Active Directory is made up of one or more domains.
Creating the initial domain controller in a network also creates the
domain—you cannot have a domain without at least one domain
controller.
Each domain in the directory is identified by a DNS domain name.
You use the Active Directory Domains and Trusts tool to manage
domains.

11. • In the Windows 2003 operating system, a tree is a set of one or
more domains with contiguous names.
• If more than one domain exists, you can combine the multiple
domains into hierarchical tree structures.
• The first domain created is the root domain of the first tree.
• Additional domains in the same domain tree are child domains.
• A domain immediately above another domain in the same domain
tree is its parent.
TREE

12. TREE

13. • Multiple domain trees within a single forest do not form a
contiguous namespace; that is, they have noncontiguous DNS
domain names.
• Although trees in a forest do not share a namespace, a forest
does have a single root domain, called the forest root domain.
• The forest root domain is, by definition, the first domain created
in the forest.
• The two forest-wide predefined groups—Enterprise
administrators and Schema administrators—reside in this domain.
FOREST

14. CISCO.COM MCSE.COM
Tree
Forest
CCNA.CISCO.COM
Tree
FOREST

15. Physical Components of Active Directory
Domain Controllers
Sites

16. zoom.com
India USA
WAN Link
Sites
Subnets are
associated with
sites
A site can span
multiple
domains
A domain can
Span multiple
sites