An active database automatically responds to data changes using triggers and rules, enhancing functionality beyond traditional databases. It features support for event-driven architectures, real-time data management, and automation but also introduces complexities in implementation and maintenance. While it provides benefits such as immediate updates and improved data integrity, it may also lead to performance overhead and potential over-automation issues.

1. ACTIVE DATABASE
SUBMITTED BY
THIVYASHRI S
MADHUMITHA K
MCA(DS)
SUBMITTED TO
SARANYA R
MCA,M.PHIL., B.Ed.
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

2. INTRODUCTION
01 02 03
04 05 06
Table of contents
DIAGRAM FEATURES
COMPONENTS EXAMPLE ADVANTAGE &
DISADVANTAGE

3. INTRODUCTION
An Active Database in DBMS is a database that
automatically responds to certain events or changes in data
without needing manual intervention.
It uses triggers or rules to define how the database should
react when specific actions occur, like inserting, updating,
or deleting data.

4. DIAGRAM OF ACTIVE DATABASE

5. FEATURES
❖ It possess all the concepts of a conventional database i.e. data
modelling facilities, query language etc.
❖ It supports all the functions of a traditional database like data
definition, data manipulation, storage management etc.
❖ It supports definition and management of ECA rules.
❖ It detects event occurrence.
❖ It must be able to evaluate conditions and to execute actions.
❖ It means that it has to implement rule execution.

6. 1.Triggers
❖ Special rules that automatically run when specific changes
(events) happen in the database.
❖ Example: If a new order is added, update the inventory.
2.Events
❖ The actions that activate triggers
❖ Think of events as "when something happens," like adding
data to a table.
❖ Example: insert, update, delete

7. 3.Conditions
❖ Checks or tests to decide if a trigger should be executed.
❖ Example: Only update stock if the product quantity is above
zero.
4.Actions
❖ The tasks performed when the event and condition are met.
❖ Example: If stock is low, send a notification to reorder.

8. EXAMPLES
1.1. Real-time Databases
•
•Oracle TimesTen: A relational database that runs in memory and is
intended for real-time applications that need response times of less
than one millisecond.
2.2. In-Memory Databases
SAP HANA: A column-oriented, in-memory relational database
management system for processing large amounts of data and real-
time analytics.

9. ADVANTAGES
Real-time Data Management
Immediate updates and responses to changes in data. Enhanced
Automation
Automates routine tasks through triggers and rules, reducing
manual effort.
Improved Data Integrity
Consistent enforcement of business rules ensures accurate and
reliable data.
Event-driven Architecture
Reacts to specific events, making it ideal for dynamic applications.
Scalability
Efficiently handles increased loads, suitable for large-scale
environment.

10. DISADVANTAGES
Complexity
Implementation can be intricate, requiring specialized knowledge.
Performance Overhead
Additional processing for triggers and rules may slow down operations.
Maintenance Challenges
More components to manage, increasing maintenance efforts and costs.
Debugging Difficulties
Tracing errors can be complex due to automated responses and event
handling.
Potential for Over-automation
Excessive automation can lead to unintended actions and data integrity
issues.

11. THANK YOU