Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react in the atmosphere with water and other chemicals to form acidic compounds like nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The principal cause of acid rain is emissions from industrial factories, power plants, and vehicles that burn fossil fuels like coal and oil. Acid rain damages plants, aquatic ecosystems, infrastructure like buildings and statues, and can impact human health. Suggestions to reduce acid rain include using cleaner energy sources like solar power, reducing vehicle emissions through measures like proper maintenance and using public transportation.

1. C.U.Shah Science College
Presented by : Tank Jay P. [1862]
(Biochemistry)

3. What is acid rain ?
Acid rain occur when
sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
nitrogen oxides (NO)
reacts in the atmosphere
with H2O , O2 and other
chemicals to from various
acidic compounds such
as HNO3 and H2SO4

4. Chemical process
:: Reaction involving formation of nitric acid
::
NO + O3 → NO2 + O2
NO2 + O3 → NO3 + O2
NO3 + NO2 → N2O3
N2O3 + H2O→ 2HNO3
:: Reaction of carbon dioxide ::
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3
Formation of H2CO3

5. :: Formation of sulphuric acid ::
S + O2 → SO2
SO2+ ½O2 + H2O → H2SO4
Formation of H2SO4

6. Cause of acid rain
The principal cause of acid rain is
Form human sources like industrial
factory , power generating plants &
vehicle.
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
released from power plants.
Burning fossil fuels like coal & oil.
Automobile use is a big factor.

7. Effect of acid rain
:: Plants
Acid rain causes yallowing
of leaf tissue.
:: soil and water
Lakes,rivers are frogile
ecosystem where each
species depend on other
survive,if one disappears
other too disappears.

8. :: Human health
Acid rain affects
human health also like
asthma,dry cough,
kidney disease,
headache and throat
irrigation.

9. Effect on building
and Stonework
• Because of acid rain marble colour
change into yellow for example Taj
Mahal
CaCo3 + H2So4 → CaSo4 + H2O + CO2
• Meatal & stone are also damaged
and broke because of acid rain.

10. Effect on Taj Mahal

11. Effect on stone statue

12. German sandstone statue from 1702
photographed in 1908 (left) and 1969
(right).

13. Acid Deposition
Wet deposition
Acid rain in wet form
like rain,snow,fog it
called wet deposition.
Dry depositio
Acid rain in dry deposit
like dust and gases.
2
types
of
deposi
tion

14. Acid rain pH Normal rain pH:- 5.4 to 5.6
Acid rain pH :- 4.2 to 4.4
Most affected
areas in world

15. Suggestions
• Drive at moderate speed.
• Take the train or bus on long trips.
• Use alternative rules ,such as propane or
natural gas.
• Avoid unnecessary idling.
• Stop the factory which is produce SO2 and CO2 .
• Use solar panels.
• Use CNG as vehicle fule.
• Turn off your vehicle on traffic signal and have
PUC of your vehicle.

16. THANK YOU.....