Lord Curzon served as Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905. During his time, he established commissions to address important issues like famines, irrigation, policing, and education. He enacted laws around currency, land ownership, and protecting ancient monuments. However, his 1905 partition of Bengal greatly angered Indians and sparked protests. The partition was later reversed. Overall, Curzon took important administrative actions but faced opposition to some of his policies from Indians.

1. ACHIEVEMENTS OF LORD
CURZON
DR (MRS) M.FATHIMA BEGUM
Assistant Professor of History
V.V.VanniaperumalCollege forWomen
TITLEOFTHE PAPER:
History of India (A.D.1857 - 1947) – 15UHIC51

2. Life History:
 George NathanielCurzon was styled as Lord Curzon
 British Conservative Statement
 Viceroy of India (6th January 1899 – 18th November 1905)
 Secretary of State for foreign affairs (1919 - 1924)

3. Important events:
Comissions:
 Famine of 1899 – 1900 (Chappania Akal).
 Appointment of Famine commission under sir
Antony Mc Donnell.
 Commission on irrigation under Colin Scot
Moncrieff.
 Police commission under Andrew frazer.
 Education commission (Aka Raleigh
Commission).

4. Enactment of Acts:
 Paper currency act (1899)
 Calcutta Corporation Act (1899)
 Punjab Land Alienation Act (1900)
 Land Resolution Act (1902)
 Indian Universities Act (1904)
 Ancient Mounment protectionAct (1904)
 Partition of Bengal (1905)

5. o Famine of 1899 – 1900 (Chappania Akal)
o Severe Famine occurred India in 1899 – 1900
o affected area - Agra, Oudh, Bengal, Central
provinces, Rajaputana, Gujarath.

6. Effects:
Corresponded toVikram Samvat 1956 thus were
called Chappania Akal in local parlance
Famine followed epidemic such as Malaria and
Cholera.
Worst affected people –Tribesof central
provinces, Rajaputana and Bombay
Lakhs of people died by starved

7. Relief measures:
 Curzon organized relief measures
 Appointed Famine commission and Sir Anthony Mc
Donnel in 1901.
Measures of the commission:
 Non official assistance
 Construction of more railways to carry relief goods.
 Establishment of agricultural banks and cooperative
societies
 Distribution of advances and loans to the peasants.
 Setting up famine commissioner in Famine affected
areas.
 Setting up of irrigation commission.

8. Irrigation commission 1901:
 1901 commission was appointed under sir Colin – Mon crieff
 Construction of irrigation works in accordance with the broad plans.
 Important strategy was a network of canals in Punjab.
 Comprising a main canal of 2714 kilometers and other link canals.

9. Police commission:
 Setup a police commission under sir Andrew
Frazer in 1902 -03.
 Recommendation - a basic structure of India
domestic intelligence developed .
 Attached department of criminal Intelligence .
 Setup the Criminal Investigation Department
(CIDs)
 in the provinces of British India.
 Thugi and Dakaiti department areas abolished.

10. Raleigh commission:
• To bring the universities under control he appointed this
commission.
• HOD only one Indian member namely Syed Hussain
Belgami submitted its report in 1902.
• Raleigh bill became an act must called Indian
UniversitiesAct 1904.
Recommendations:
1. 1. Reorganized the constitution of the Syndicates.
2. Official inspection of the colleges.
3. Affiliation and disaffilation of the colleges in the hands
of the government.
 Criticised by the Indians. However it became a
permanent feature in the Indian education.

11. Ancient Mounments Preservation Act 1904
 Most remarkable Act
 Act made any injury to the protected
mounments an offence
 Punishable under law.
 Established the Archaeological Department.
Aim:
1. To collect historical documents and importance.
2. To conduct excavations.
3. To bring the ancient historical information into
light.

12. Partition of Bengal 1905:
 Curzons felt Bengal as a large unit to be administered.
 Unwanted to be a single unit.
 So he partitioned Bengal on October 16, 1905in to two parts.
 Eastern Bengal and Assam – I part .
 Rest of Bengal (West Bengal) – II part .
Effects:
 Congress made protest and agitation became mass moment.
 It was an intrigue to divide Hindus and Muslims.
 Boycott and swdeshi movement followed ,Vande Mataram
became the symbol.
 On 16th October 1905 Bengalis kept fast.
 Partition was later annulled in 1911.

13. Conclusion:
There were disappointment in Indian politics return
to Britain.
 He was appointed as foreign secretaries.
He faced bitter experiences.
He left politics in 1924.
Title :
 1911 Earl of Curzon,Viscount Scarsdale and Baron
Ravensdale.
 1916 Peerage of Great Britain.
 1921 the Marquess Curzon of Kedleston.