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Absolute Phrase
Absolute Phrase
Absolute phrase can be translated into:
a. Adverb clause of Reason
b. Adverb clause of Time
c. Adverb clause of Condition
d. Adverb clause of Concession/Contrast
1. Adverb clause of Reason
The train was late. They had to stay overnight at the station.
The train being late, they had to stay overnight at the station.
Because the train was late, they had to stay overnight at the station.
2. Adverb clause of Time
The sun rose. The fog disappeared.
The sun rising, the fog disappeared.
When the sun rose, the fog disappeared.
3. Adverb clause of Condition
The day is fine. We go out.
The day being fine, we go out.
If the day is fine, we go out.
4. Adverb clause of Concession/Contrast
The employees are poor. The boss never gives a reward.
The employees being poor, the boss never gives a reward.
Although the employees are poor, the boss never gives a reward.
Note: If the subjects of absolute phrase and the sentence are the same people, subject of
absolute phrase can be omitted.
I was walking along the road. I saw an accident.
Walking along the road, I saw an accident.
While I was walking along the road, I saw an accident.
1. Walking along the street, I saw an accident.
2. Having read the minutes of meeting, I wrote a report.
3. Taken three times a day, these pills will protect you against the cold.

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Absolute phrase

  • 1. Absolute Phrase Absolute Phrase Absolute phrase can be translated into: a. Adverb clause of Reason b. Adverb clause of Time c. Adverb clause of Condition d. Adverb clause of Concession/Contrast 1. Adverb clause of Reason The train was late. They had to stay overnight at the station. The train being late, they had to stay overnight at the station. Because the train was late, they had to stay overnight at the station. 2. Adverb clause of Time The sun rose. The fog disappeared. The sun rising, the fog disappeared. When the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 3. Adverb clause of Condition The day is fine. We go out. The day being fine, we go out. If the day is fine, we go out. 4. Adverb clause of Concession/Contrast The employees are poor. The boss never gives a reward. The employees being poor, the boss never gives a reward. Although the employees are poor, the boss never gives a reward. Note: If the subjects of absolute phrase and the sentence are the same people, subject of absolute phrase can be omitted. I was walking along the road. I saw an accident. Walking along the road, I saw an accident. While I was walking along the road, I saw an accident. 1. Walking along the street, I saw an accident. 2. Having read the minutes of meeting, I wrote a report. 3. Taken three times a day, these pills will protect you against the cold.