This study analyzed EEG data from 19 schizophrenia patients and 16 healthy controls during resting states with eyes closed and open and while watching a video. It found abnormal dynamics in the alpha and beta frequency bands of EEG oscillations in schizophrenia patients across both long (1-20 seconds) and short (less than 1 second) time scales. Specifically, schizophrenia patients showed weaker long-range temporal correlation in the left fronto-temporal area and shorter oscillation bursts and waiting times in the occipital area during eyes open resting. They also exhibited stronger long-range temporal correlation and longer oscillation bursts and waiting times in the temporo-parietal area while watching video.

1. Abnormal Dynamics of EEG
Oscillations in Schizophrenia Patients
on Multiple Time Scales
Neuronal oscillations reflect the activity of neuronal ensembles engaged in integrative
cognition, and may serve as a functional measure for the cognitive impairment in
schizophrenia. This study aims to reveal the abnormal amplitude dynamics of
electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations in schizophrenia patients on multiple time scales.
EEGs were recorded from schizophrenia patients ($n$ = 19) and healthy controls ($n$ = 16)
while they were at resting state with eyes closed, at resting state with eyes open, and at
watching video. Detrended fluctuation analysis and measures of life-time and waiting-time
were used to characterize the abnormal dynamics of EEG oscillations on both long (1–20 s)
and short (≤1 s) time scales. Abnormal dynamics of EEG oscillations in alpha and beta
bands were observed. In particular, compared with healthy controls, schizophrenia patients
have smaller DFA exponent (implying weaker long-range temporal correlation) in the left
fronto-temporal area and smaller DFA exponent, smaller life-time (indicating shorter
oscillation burst), and smaller waiting-time in the occipital area in beta band at resting state
with eyes open. In addition, schizophrenia patients have larger DFA exponent, larger life-time,
and larger waiting-time at some clustered channels in the temporo-parietal area in
alpha band at watching video. The present results provide new insights for cognitive deficits
and the underlying neuronal dysfunction in schizophrenia.