Solar energy hasbecomepopular nowadays and desire for clean energy. Since the solar radiation on no occasion remains constant,it keeps on insecure throughout the day. The need of the hour is to distribute a constant voltage to the grid irrespective of the deviation in temperatures and solar insolation. The inverter is designed from a boost converter along with a line frequency. The voltage from the boost converter is fedto the grid through inverter. In this proposed method high efficiency can be achievedby using only one switch functioning at high frequency at a time. The converter uses IGBT and ultra-fast reverse recovery diode. The simulation and experiment results are verified using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Push-Pull Converter Fed Three-Phase Inverter for Residential and Motor LoadIJPEDS-IAES
The proposed paper is an new approach for power conditioning of a PV
(photo-voltaic) cell array. The main objective is to investigate an approach to
provide and improve the delivered electric energy by means of power
conditioning structures with the use of alternative renewable resources
(ARRs) for remote rural residential or industrial non-linear loads. This
approach employs a series-combined connected boost and buck boost DCDC
converter for power conditioning of the dc voltage provided by a photovoltaic
array. The input voltage to the combined converters is 100 V
provided from two series connected PV cells, which is converted and
increased to 200 V at the dc output voltage. Series-combined connected
boost and buck-boost DC-DC converters operate alternatively. This helps to
reduce the input ripple current and provide the required 400 Vdc on a
sinusoidal PWM three-phase inverter. Analysis of the two series-combined
DC-DC converters is presented along with simulation results. Simulations of
the series-combined DC-DC converters are presented with an output DC
voltage of 200 V and a maximum output load of Po=600 W.
Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System imtiyazsayyed
Solar electric energy demand has grown consistently by 20% to 25% per annum over the past 20 years, which is mainly due to the decreasing costs and prices. In recent years, multilevel inverters have become more attractive for researchers and manufacturers due to their advantages over conventional three level PWM inverters. They offer improved output waveforms, smaller filter size and lower EMI, lower Total Harmonic Distortion.
REFERENCE
[1] Puneet Kumar Chaudhay, “A Critical Review on Photovoltaic Base Maximum Power Generation System” , International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) , Volume-1, Issue-6, January 2013
[2] Mr. R.Anand and Mr. G.Ashok Kumar, “Multilevel Inverter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System by employing PID Controller”, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) , Volume-2, Issue-1, October 2012.
[3] Mr. Amol Karpe and MrBindu R, “A Comparison of Conventional and Multilevel Inverter for 2.3 kV Induction Motor Drives”, International Journal of Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
[4] E. Beser, B. Arifoglu, S. Camur, E. K Beser, “A grid-connected photovoltaic power conversion system with single-phase multilevel inverter”. Solar Energy, vol. 84, No 12, pp. 2056-2067, 2010.
[5] Vikas Kulkarni, Rajesh Nehete, “Simulation and Analysis of Photo-Voltaic (PV) based Solar Inverter System”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) , Volume-3, Issue-6, January 2014.
[6] Muhammad H. Rashid “Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications”, 3rd Edition, Pearson publication, pp.406-429.
Simulation of various DC-DC converters for photovoltaic systemIJECEIAES
This work explains the comparison of various dc-dc converters for photovoltaic systems. In recent day insufficient energy and continues increasing in fuel cost, exploration on renewable energy system becomes more essential. For high and medium power applications, high input source from renewable systems like photovoltaic and wind energy system turn into difficult one, which leads to increase of cost for installation process. So the generated voltage from PV system is boosted with help various boost converter depends on the applications. Here the various converters are like boost converter, buck converter, buck-boost converter, cuk converter, sepic converter and zeta converter are analysed for photovoltaic system, which are verified using matlab / simulink.
Implementation Of A High-Efficiency, High-Lifetime, And Low-Cost Converter Us...irjes
This paper proposes a new converter for photovoltaic water pumping and treatment systems without
the use of storage elements. The converter is designed to drive a three-phase induction motor directly from PV
solar energy. The use of this motor has the objective of presenting a better solution to the standard DC motor
water pumping system. The development is oriented to achieve a commercially viable solution and a market
friendly product. The converter topology is based on a Resonant Two Inductor Boost converter and a Threephase
Voltage Source inverter achieving 90% efficiency at a rated power of 210W.
PV Hybrid System with DSTATCOM for Residential ApplicationsIDES Editor
Now a days PV based energy systems are playing a
vital role among all the renewable energy sourcesin our day
to day life.Proper control should be required to meet the exact
load conditions such that it should satisfy the non-linear
nature of both the solar irradiance and load. In this paper, a
battery is also incorporated along with the PV system to meet
the necessary drop due to change in weather conditions. Here,
a proper control is achieved by using DSTATCOM to
compensate the reactive power. This paper proposes an
advanced technique of PWM to generate the gating pulses
and applied to a Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter to
improve the voltage quality. Here, the entire system is designed
to meet the load of Mogulthur (W.G.Dt. Andhra Pradesh).
Simulation results are presented through Matlab/Simulink
by taking different cases into consideration.
Hybrid Green Energy Systems for Uninterrupted ElectrificationDr.NAGARAJAN. S
In this paper, a new multiport, hybrid green-fed DC-DC bidirectional converter is designed and fed into the standalone system. This model is developed and integrated to study the concept of generating systems. In this model, a PV panel of 300 watts is designed and integrated to a bidirectional converter with a battery backup to extract power, while the wind power is harnessed with a transformer coupled a dual-half-bridge converter. The model proposed is designed with a meritorious objective of sustainable, cost-effective, less component count reduced losses, and good efficiency with a good relia- bility. The system works day and night to produce output with good efficiency. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB software 2014a, and hence, the performance is analyzed.
Push-Pull Converter Fed Three-Phase Inverter for Residential and Motor LoadIJPEDS-IAES
The proposed paper is an new approach for power conditioning of a PV
(photo-voltaic) cell array. The main objective is to investigate an approach to
provide and improve the delivered electric energy by means of power
conditioning structures with the use of alternative renewable resources
(ARRs) for remote rural residential or industrial non-linear loads. This
approach employs a series-combined connected boost and buck boost DCDC
converter for power conditioning of the dc voltage provided by a photovoltaic
array. The input voltage to the combined converters is 100 V
provided from two series connected PV cells, which is converted and
increased to 200 V at the dc output voltage. Series-combined connected
boost and buck-boost DC-DC converters operate alternatively. This helps to
reduce the input ripple current and provide the required 400 Vdc on a
sinusoidal PWM three-phase inverter. Analysis of the two series-combined
DC-DC converters is presented along with simulation results. Simulations of
the series-combined DC-DC converters are presented with an output DC
voltage of 200 V and a maximum output load of Po=600 W.
Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System imtiyazsayyed
Solar electric energy demand has grown consistently by 20% to 25% per annum over the past 20 years, which is mainly due to the decreasing costs and prices. In recent years, multilevel inverters have become more attractive for researchers and manufacturers due to their advantages over conventional three level PWM inverters. They offer improved output waveforms, smaller filter size and lower EMI, lower Total Harmonic Distortion.
REFERENCE
[1] Puneet Kumar Chaudhay, “A Critical Review on Photovoltaic Base Maximum Power Generation System” , International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) , Volume-1, Issue-6, January 2013
[2] Mr. R.Anand and Mr. G.Ashok Kumar, “Multilevel Inverter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System by employing PID Controller”, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) , Volume-2, Issue-1, October 2012.
[3] Mr. Amol Karpe and MrBindu R, “A Comparison of Conventional and Multilevel Inverter for 2.3 kV Induction Motor Drives”, International Journal of Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
[4] E. Beser, B. Arifoglu, S. Camur, E. K Beser, “A grid-connected photovoltaic power conversion system with single-phase multilevel inverter”. Solar Energy, vol. 84, No 12, pp. 2056-2067, 2010.
[5] Vikas Kulkarni, Rajesh Nehete, “Simulation and Analysis of Photo-Voltaic (PV) based Solar Inverter System”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) , Volume-3, Issue-6, January 2014.
[6] Muhammad H. Rashid “Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications”, 3rd Edition, Pearson publication, pp.406-429.
Simulation of various DC-DC converters for photovoltaic systemIJECEIAES
This work explains the comparison of various dc-dc converters for photovoltaic systems. In recent day insufficient energy and continues increasing in fuel cost, exploration on renewable energy system becomes more essential. For high and medium power applications, high input source from renewable systems like photovoltaic and wind energy system turn into difficult one, which leads to increase of cost for installation process. So the generated voltage from PV system is boosted with help various boost converter depends on the applications. Here the various converters are like boost converter, buck converter, buck-boost converter, cuk converter, sepic converter and zeta converter are analysed for photovoltaic system, which are verified using matlab / simulink.
Implementation Of A High-Efficiency, High-Lifetime, And Low-Cost Converter Us...irjes
This paper proposes a new converter for photovoltaic water pumping and treatment systems without
the use of storage elements. The converter is designed to drive a three-phase induction motor directly from PV
solar energy. The use of this motor has the objective of presenting a better solution to the standard DC motor
water pumping system. The development is oriented to achieve a commercially viable solution and a market
friendly product. The converter topology is based on a Resonant Two Inductor Boost converter and a Threephase
Voltage Source inverter achieving 90% efficiency at a rated power of 210W.
PV Hybrid System with DSTATCOM for Residential ApplicationsIDES Editor
Now a days PV based energy systems are playing a
vital role among all the renewable energy sourcesin our day
to day life.Proper control should be required to meet the exact
load conditions such that it should satisfy the non-linear
nature of both the solar irradiance and load. In this paper, a
battery is also incorporated along with the PV system to meet
the necessary drop due to change in weather conditions. Here,
a proper control is achieved by using DSTATCOM to
compensate the reactive power. This paper proposes an
advanced technique of PWM to generate the gating pulses
and applied to a Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter to
improve the voltage quality. Here, the entire system is designed
to meet the load of Mogulthur (W.G.Dt. Andhra Pradesh).
Simulation results are presented through Matlab/Simulink
by taking different cases into consideration.
Hybrid Green Energy Systems for Uninterrupted ElectrificationDr.NAGARAJAN. S
In this paper, a new multiport, hybrid green-fed DC-DC bidirectional converter is designed and fed into the standalone system. This model is developed and integrated to study the concept of generating systems. In this model, a PV panel of 300 watts is designed and integrated to a bidirectional converter with a battery backup to extract power, while the wind power is harnessed with a transformer coupled a dual-half-bridge converter. The model proposed is designed with a meritorious objective of sustainable, cost-effective, less component count reduced losses, and good efficiency with a good relia- bility. The system works day and night to produce output with good efficiency. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB software 2014a, and hence, the performance is analyzed.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Hardware Implementation of Solar Based Boost to SEPIC Converter Fed Nine Leve...IJPEDS-IAES
Multi level inverters are widely used in high power applications because of
low harmonic distortion. This paper deals with the simulation
and implementation of PV based boost to SEPIC converter with multilevel
inverter. The output of PV system is stepped up using boost to sepic
converter and it is converted into AC using a multilevel inverter.
The simulation and experimental results with the R load is presented in this
paper. The FFT analysis is done and the THD values are compared. Boost to
SEPIC converter is proposed to step up the voltage to the required value. The
experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The results
indicate that nine level inverter system has better performance than seven
level inverter system.
Battery Based Quasi Z-Source Inverter for PV power Generation Connected to GridIJERA Editor
The demand for Renewable energy resources for power generation is increasing from the past decade. Solar
power plants are plays vital role in supplying increased power demand. PV array with battery based quasi z
source inverter makes more reliable under PV fluctuations. Traditional voltage source and current source
which are connected to grid or motor loads having the main drawback of shoot through in the inverter bridge
leg. Shoot through can over come by using quasi z source inverter. Svpwm and modified Svpwm provides
more output voltage, less switching losses and gives high efficiency compared to other pwm techniques
This paper describes the Grid connected solar photovoltaique system using DC-DC boost converter and the DC/AC inverter (VSC) to supplies electric power to the utility grid. The model contains a representation of the main components of the system that are two solar arrays of 100 kW, boost converter and the grid side inverter. The paper starts with a system description, in this part we have given a definition and a short overview of every component used in this system and they are taken separately. The PV cell model is easy, accurate, and takes external temperature and solar radiation into consideration. It also proposes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The algorithm incorporated in a DC/DC converter is used to track the maximum power of PV cell. Finally, the DC/AC inverter (VSC) of three- level is used to regulate the ouput voltage of DC/DC converter and connects the PV cell to the grid. Simulation results show how a solar radiation’s change can affect the power output of any PV system, also they show the control performance and dynamic behavior of the grid connected photovoltaic system.
Grid tied photovoltaic (PV) system is an operation mode of PV system working together with utility power supply to provide power to the power load. Conventionally, transformer is used together with the power inverter. The power transformer works as galvanic insolation amongst PV system and power grid. It works also to raise the voltage of power inverter. However, use of transformer will add system complexity, price, weight and size of the entire system. Transformer-less system is an alternative to make the system simpler and more practical in use. The paper discusses performance of transformer-less grid tied PV systems using diode clamped and neutral point shorted inverters. Effects of transformer elimination to the feat of the grid tied PV system especially harmonics content and leakage current of PV system were examined and analyzed. The performance was also compared with the traditional system using H-bridge inverter. The leakage currents did not flow in the system applying diode clamped inverter, and neutral point shorted inverter. In case of harmonics content, the diode clamped inverter injected less harmonics components than the neutral point shorted inverter. The neutral point shorted provides a simpler inverter circuit in the transformerless systems.
Power Quality Improvement with Multilevel Inverter Based IPQC for MicrogridIJMTST Journal
A micro grid is a hybrid power system consists of several distributed resources and local loads .Now a
days with increasing on a day to day life micro grid plays a vital role in power generation using Renewable
Energy Sources. Usage of power electronic devices in a micro grid results in harmonic generation and leads to
various power quality issues. Inorder to overcome voltage fluctuations and over current a magnetic flux
control based variable reactor is proposed. The performance of IPQC can be verified by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK`
Power system Projects, Power electronics projects, Control system projects,
MSR PROJECTS ( Now as a MSR EDUSOFT PVT LTD),
#503,Annapurna Block, beside mytrivanam, Adhithya Enclave, Ameerpet, HYD-38.
E-mail: msrprojectshyd@gmail.com,
Web: www.msrprojectshyd.com , facebook.com/msrprojects ,
Ring on: 040 66334142, +91 9581464142.
Branches: Hyderabad ( Ameerpet | Dilsuknagar) | Kurnool
This paper proposes a novel 5-level dc-ac converter circuit using with 6 power semiconductor switches. The proposed multilevel inverter generates five-level ac output voltage by implementing Multi-carrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation (MSPWM) technique with reduced number of switches. The voltage stress on each switching devices and common mode voltage can be minimized from the suggested system. The designed system gives better controlled output current and improved output voltage with diminished total Harmonic Distortion value. The operating principles of the proposed inverter are discussed. DC Input for the proposed system is obtained from PV System. Finally, an experimental prototype of the proposed system with 12-V input voltage and 20 V /5 W output is implemented along with simulation output of the waveform to the load. The efficiency and the reduction of harmonic content are discussed.
Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System without using Boost ConverterIJMTST Journal
This paper presents operation and control for improving the efficiency and size of a photovoltaic generation
system using a current-source inverter. This system is directly connected utility grid to a solar cell without
using a boosting converter. In proposed grid connected PV system the single phase CSI converter used with a
double tuned resonant filter circuit. The system uses transformer-less single-stage transformation for
tracking the most extreme power point and interfacing the photovoltaic array to the grid. The greatest power
point is kept up with a fuzzy logic controller. A proportional-resonant controller is used to control the current
injected into the grid. A modified carrier based modulation technique for the current source inverter is
proposed to magnetize the dc-link inductor by shorting one of the bridge converter legs after every active
switching cycle.
Design of Soft Switching Converter with Digital Signal Processor Based MPPT f...IDES Editor
This paper is based on the design of soft
switching converter (ZVS-ZCS resonant action) with
digital signal processor (DSP) based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for solar hybrid
applications. The converter aims to get the regulated
output voltage from several power sources like wind
turbines, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and energy from these
sources are simultaneously transferred to the load. The
input stage circuits for different energy sources are put in
parallel using a coupled inductor and the converter to
prevent power coupling effect it acts in interleaving
operating mode. As the buck/boost converter input range
is restricted interleaved ZVS-ZCS converter with low
switching loss and conduction loss and efficiency of more
than 92% can be easily achieved. DSP based MPPT
algorithm adjusts solar array voltage (equal to battery
voltage) with a digital compensator technique and
discrete PI control to track the MPP with high tracking
efficiency. Hence the proposed work gives a novel idea in
the modern hybrid energy system.
Design and Development of Power Electronic Controller for Grid-connected PV A...IJAPEJOURNAL
Design and simulation of a simple power electronic interface for grid-connected PV array has been proposed using boost converter and line-commutated inverter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The output of PV array varies with irradiation, and hence the duty cycle of the PI controller is adjusted automatically to supply a constant DC voltage to the inverter circuit, the output of which is directly connected to the grid. The MPPT controller extracts maximum power from the solar array and feeds it to the single-phase utility grid. The proposed scheme has been modeled in the MATLAB 7.1 software and the complete system has been simulated for open loop and closed loop configurations. The active power fed to the grid is taken for different firing angles in open loop mode and the firing angle for maximum power has been determined. This is compared with the firing angle obtained from the closed loop mode and found that both results agree with each other.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Modelling and Stress Analysis of the Pig Loop Module of a Piping System.IJRES Journal
The failure of any piping system depends on the stress analysis that was performed during the engineering design of the piping system. In designing the pig loop of a submarine manifold to be used in area Y of Niger delta in Nigeria, a proper analysis of the load to which the system could be subjected was carried out using a stress analysis software - ''Triflex piping solutions.'' We employed ASME B31.8 piping code. Various stress values and deflections were analysed at each node to ensure that the design will be on a safe operating condition. Stress utilization was checked for hoop and longitudinal stresses for various scenarios and the worst case scenario was determined. The maximum stress utilization for the worst case scenario was found to be within the limit and thereby meeting with the safety requirement.
Driver Alertness On Android With Face And Eye Ball MovementsIJRES Journal
Drowsiness is a big problem while in driving specially in long and continues driving. This is a main cause for accidents. Maximum accidents found by the driver’s ignorance of seeing the road and focus on other thing that will divert the concentration. This project used to find sleepy drivers and lazy driver by monitoring them periodically. Main objective of the project to develop entire system in to smart phone and make it as user friendly to the driver and try to support the system on Smartphone have the Android Operating System. There are major things are considered for measure the fatigue level when monitoring driver, Eye movement driver. Smartphone camera capture the drives image, A Dynamic decision making used for find the drivers fatigue level. When driver reaches threshold level of fatigue, then alert is triggered to avoid accident and awake the driver. If driver ignores the alert and continue with drowsy driving, the alert system takes further steps to stop the vehicle. It may be find nearest coffee shop to refresh driver and also if he need other choices to refresh the map will help them.GPS and Navigation Service of the Android phones used for assist the driver to overcome his drowsy driver.
Involvement Of Insects In The Transmission Of Banana Blood DiseaseIJRES Journal
Blood Diseases bananas in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia caused by Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV has existed for decades, but over the past few decades there has been no data on insect visitors banana flower which acts as a carrier of this pathogen. This study aims to determine the insects visitors banana flower can be a vector of R. solanacearum phylotype IV and the number of propagules of these bacteria carried by these insects. In every garden selected by purposive sampling of five to seven flowering tree, then flower-visiting insects were captured using a modified insect net. Insects were sorted according to species and counted the number of each species. Five individuals of each species of insects were placed in pots. Isolation of Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV using spread-plate method, then colony forming units (CFU) of virulent R. solanacearum filotipe IV per milliliter was calculated. Oscinella sp was an insect species most committed feeding on banana cv. kepok inflorescence (42.39 individuals), followed by A. melifera (1.47 individuals), Formicidae (0.65 individual), Blaberidae (0.55 individual), and Chelisoches morio (0.39 individual). Oscinella sp. brought 17636.39 to 75533.33 CFU / ml R. solanacearum phylotype IV, Aphis melifera 23500.00 to 26100.00 CFU / ml, Blaberidae 10300.00 to 23690.00 CFU / ml, Formicidae 3600.00 to 8000.00 CFU / ml, and C. morio 340.00 to 8000.00 CFU / ml.
Micro Structure Amd Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Wc/Al Metal Matr...IJRES Journal
The addition of reinforcement definitely changes mechanical behaviour of metal matrix composites (MMCs). Hence the objective of the work is to study the effect of nano WC particle content on the mechanical behaviour of Al alloy reinforced composites was studied by using optical microscopy, mechanical properties measurements and scanning electron microscope. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength, compression strength and young's modulus were found higher than those of control alloy. The dislocations which serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites for strengthening precipitates during subsequent solidification compared to control alloy. Higher density of dislocations and higher density of intermediate precipitates was observed.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Hardware Implementation of Solar Based Boost to SEPIC Converter Fed Nine Leve...IJPEDS-IAES
Multi level inverters are widely used in high power applications because of
low harmonic distortion. This paper deals with the simulation
and implementation of PV based boost to SEPIC converter with multilevel
inverter. The output of PV system is stepped up using boost to sepic
converter and it is converted into AC using a multilevel inverter.
The simulation and experimental results with the R load is presented in this
paper. The FFT analysis is done and the THD values are compared. Boost to
SEPIC converter is proposed to step up the voltage to the required value. The
experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The results
indicate that nine level inverter system has better performance than seven
level inverter system.
Battery Based Quasi Z-Source Inverter for PV power Generation Connected to GridIJERA Editor
The demand for Renewable energy resources for power generation is increasing from the past decade. Solar
power plants are plays vital role in supplying increased power demand. PV array with battery based quasi z
source inverter makes more reliable under PV fluctuations. Traditional voltage source and current source
which are connected to grid or motor loads having the main drawback of shoot through in the inverter bridge
leg. Shoot through can over come by using quasi z source inverter. Svpwm and modified Svpwm provides
more output voltage, less switching losses and gives high efficiency compared to other pwm techniques
This paper describes the Grid connected solar photovoltaique system using DC-DC boost converter and the DC/AC inverter (VSC) to supplies electric power to the utility grid. The model contains a representation of the main components of the system that are two solar arrays of 100 kW, boost converter and the grid side inverter. The paper starts with a system description, in this part we have given a definition and a short overview of every component used in this system and they are taken separately. The PV cell model is easy, accurate, and takes external temperature and solar radiation into consideration. It also proposes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The algorithm incorporated in a DC/DC converter is used to track the maximum power of PV cell. Finally, the DC/AC inverter (VSC) of three- level is used to regulate the ouput voltage of DC/DC converter and connects the PV cell to the grid. Simulation results show how a solar radiation’s change can affect the power output of any PV system, also they show the control performance and dynamic behavior of the grid connected photovoltaic system.
Grid tied photovoltaic (PV) system is an operation mode of PV system working together with utility power supply to provide power to the power load. Conventionally, transformer is used together with the power inverter. The power transformer works as galvanic insolation amongst PV system and power grid. It works also to raise the voltage of power inverter. However, use of transformer will add system complexity, price, weight and size of the entire system. Transformer-less system is an alternative to make the system simpler and more practical in use. The paper discusses performance of transformer-less grid tied PV systems using diode clamped and neutral point shorted inverters. Effects of transformer elimination to the feat of the grid tied PV system especially harmonics content and leakage current of PV system were examined and analyzed. The performance was also compared with the traditional system using H-bridge inverter. The leakage currents did not flow in the system applying diode clamped inverter, and neutral point shorted inverter. In case of harmonics content, the diode clamped inverter injected less harmonics components than the neutral point shorted inverter. The neutral point shorted provides a simpler inverter circuit in the transformerless systems.
Power Quality Improvement with Multilevel Inverter Based IPQC for MicrogridIJMTST Journal
A micro grid is a hybrid power system consists of several distributed resources and local loads .Now a
days with increasing on a day to day life micro grid plays a vital role in power generation using Renewable
Energy Sources. Usage of power electronic devices in a micro grid results in harmonic generation and leads to
various power quality issues. Inorder to overcome voltage fluctuations and over current a magnetic flux
control based variable reactor is proposed. The performance of IPQC can be verified by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK`
Power system Projects, Power electronics projects, Control system projects,
MSR PROJECTS ( Now as a MSR EDUSOFT PVT LTD),
#503,Annapurna Block, beside mytrivanam, Adhithya Enclave, Ameerpet, HYD-38.
E-mail: msrprojectshyd@gmail.com,
Web: www.msrprojectshyd.com , facebook.com/msrprojects ,
Ring on: 040 66334142, +91 9581464142.
Branches: Hyderabad ( Ameerpet | Dilsuknagar) | Kurnool
This paper proposes a novel 5-level dc-ac converter circuit using with 6 power semiconductor switches. The proposed multilevel inverter generates five-level ac output voltage by implementing Multi-carrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation (MSPWM) technique with reduced number of switches. The voltage stress on each switching devices and common mode voltage can be minimized from the suggested system. The designed system gives better controlled output current and improved output voltage with diminished total Harmonic Distortion value. The operating principles of the proposed inverter are discussed. DC Input for the proposed system is obtained from PV System. Finally, an experimental prototype of the proposed system with 12-V input voltage and 20 V /5 W output is implemented along with simulation output of the waveform to the load. The efficiency and the reduction of harmonic content are discussed.
Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System without using Boost ConverterIJMTST Journal
This paper presents operation and control for improving the efficiency and size of a photovoltaic generation
system using a current-source inverter. This system is directly connected utility grid to a solar cell without
using a boosting converter. In proposed grid connected PV system the single phase CSI converter used with a
double tuned resonant filter circuit. The system uses transformer-less single-stage transformation for
tracking the most extreme power point and interfacing the photovoltaic array to the grid. The greatest power
point is kept up with a fuzzy logic controller. A proportional-resonant controller is used to control the current
injected into the grid. A modified carrier based modulation technique for the current source inverter is
proposed to magnetize the dc-link inductor by shorting one of the bridge converter legs after every active
switching cycle.
Design of Soft Switching Converter with Digital Signal Processor Based MPPT f...IDES Editor
This paper is based on the design of soft
switching converter (ZVS-ZCS resonant action) with
digital signal processor (DSP) based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for solar hybrid
applications. The converter aims to get the regulated
output voltage from several power sources like wind
turbines, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and energy from these
sources are simultaneously transferred to the load. The
input stage circuits for different energy sources are put in
parallel using a coupled inductor and the converter to
prevent power coupling effect it acts in interleaving
operating mode. As the buck/boost converter input range
is restricted interleaved ZVS-ZCS converter with low
switching loss and conduction loss and efficiency of more
than 92% can be easily achieved. DSP based MPPT
algorithm adjusts solar array voltage (equal to battery
voltage) with a digital compensator technique and
discrete PI control to track the MPP with high tracking
efficiency. Hence the proposed work gives a novel idea in
the modern hybrid energy system.
Design and Development of Power Electronic Controller for Grid-connected PV A...IJAPEJOURNAL
Design and simulation of a simple power electronic interface for grid-connected PV array has been proposed using boost converter and line-commutated inverter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The output of PV array varies with irradiation, and hence the duty cycle of the PI controller is adjusted automatically to supply a constant DC voltage to the inverter circuit, the output of which is directly connected to the grid. The MPPT controller extracts maximum power from the solar array and feeds it to the single-phase utility grid. The proposed scheme has been modeled in the MATLAB 7.1 software and the complete system has been simulated for open loop and closed loop configurations. The active power fed to the grid is taken for different firing angles in open loop mode and the firing angle for maximum power has been determined. This is compared with the firing angle obtained from the closed loop mode and found that both results agree with each other.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Modelling and Stress Analysis of the Pig Loop Module of a Piping System.IJRES Journal
The failure of any piping system depends on the stress analysis that was performed during the engineering design of the piping system. In designing the pig loop of a submarine manifold to be used in area Y of Niger delta in Nigeria, a proper analysis of the load to which the system could be subjected was carried out using a stress analysis software - ''Triflex piping solutions.'' We employed ASME B31.8 piping code. Various stress values and deflections were analysed at each node to ensure that the design will be on a safe operating condition. Stress utilization was checked for hoop and longitudinal stresses for various scenarios and the worst case scenario was determined. The maximum stress utilization for the worst case scenario was found to be within the limit and thereby meeting with the safety requirement.
Driver Alertness On Android With Face And Eye Ball MovementsIJRES Journal
Drowsiness is a big problem while in driving specially in long and continues driving. This is a main cause for accidents. Maximum accidents found by the driver’s ignorance of seeing the road and focus on other thing that will divert the concentration. This project used to find sleepy drivers and lazy driver by monitoring them periodically. Main objective of the project to develop entire system in to smart phone and make it as user friendly to the driver and try to support the system on Smartphone have the Android Operating System. There are major things are considered for measure the fatigue level when monitoring driver, Eye movement driver. Smartphone camera capture the drives image, A Dynamic decision making used for find the drivers fatigue level. When driver reaches threshold level of fatigue, then alert is triggered to avoid accident and awake the driver. If driver ignores the alert and continue with drowsy driving, the alert system takes further steps to stop the vehicle. It may be find nearest coffee shop to refresh driver and also if he need other choices to refresh the map will help them.GPS and Navigation Service of the Android phones used for assist the driver to overcome his drowsy driver.
Involvement Of Insects In The Transmission Of Banana Blood DiseaseIJRES Journal
Blood Diseases bananas in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia caused by Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV has existed for decades, but over the past few decades there has been no data on insect visitors banana flower which acts as a carrier of this pathogen. This study aims to determine the insects visitors banana flower can be a vector of R. solanacearum phylotype IV and the number of propagules of these bacteria carried by these insects. In every garden selected by purposive sampling of five to seven flowering tree, then flower-visiting insects were captured using a modified insect net. Insects were sorted according to species and counted the number of each species. Five individuals of each species of insects were placed in pots. Isolation of Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV using spread-plate method, then colony forming units (CFU) of virulent R. solanacearum filotipe IV per milliliter was calculated. Oscinella sp was an insect species most committed feeding on banana cv. kepok inflorescence (42.39 individuals), followed by A. melifera (1.47 individuals), Formicidae (0.65 individual), Blaberidae (0.55 individual), and Chelisoches morio (0.39 individual). Oscinella sp. brought 17636.39 to 75533.33 CFU / ml R. solanacearum phylotype IV, Aphis melifera 23500.00 to 26100.00 CFU / ml, Blaberidae 10300.00 to 23690.00 CFU / ml, Formicidae 3600.00 to 8000.00 CFU / ml, and C. morio 340.00 to 8000.00 CFU / ml.
Micro Structure Amd Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Wc/Al Metal Matr...IJRES Journal
The addition of reinforcement definitely changes mechanical behaviour of metal matrix composites (MMCs). Hence the objective of the work is to study the effect of nano WC particle content on the mechanical behaviour of Al alloy reinforced composites was studied by using optical microscopy, mechanical properties measurements and scanning electron microscope. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength, compression strength and young's modulus were found higher than those of control alloy. The dislocations which serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites for strengthening precipitates during subsequent solidification compared to control alloy. Higher density of dislocations and higher density of intermediate precipitates was observed.
Design of Body Fat Measurement System based on the Android PlatformIJRES Journal
As there has been recent fast development of a BIO signal measurement technology, our computing environment is rapidly shifting from existing desktop PC to Embedded System. Therefore, this paper has introduced an implementation of the body fat measurement system based on the Android Platform which has the same data precision as the one used in a hospital. The most important fact in most of the hospital equipments is that they need separate communication means which can help connection with PC, but in this paper, as we use the Android Platform in the Porting Embedded System, it is possible to measure body fat signal directly without separate communication means. We also have developed an application(App) program for the body fat measurement which can measure the body fat more conveniently and simple.
Instantaneous Object Detection By Blob AssessmentIJRES Journal
In recent years, visual surveillance has gained importance in security, law enforcement and military applications. In this paper a novel framework for detecting flat and non-flat abandoned objects at a public place and determines which one remains stationary. In this prototype abandoned objects are detected by matching a reference and a target video sequence. The reference video is taken by a camera when there is no suspicious object in the scene. The target video is taken by a camera following the same route and may contain extra objects .The two videos aligned to find the corresponding frame pairs and finally the abandoned objects are identified. Four simple but effective ideas are proposed to achieve the objective: an inter-sequence geometric alignment is used to find all possible suspicious areas, an intra-sequence geometric alignment to remove false alarms caused by high objects, a local appearance comparison between two aligned intra-sequence frames to remove false alarms in flat areas, and a temporal filtering step to confirm the existence of false alarms.
Improvement In Pre-Regulation For Power Factor Using CUK ConverterIJRES Journal
Cuk converters, operating in Discontinuous Capacitor Voltage Mode can achieve unity power factor when used as rectifiers with no need of duty-cycle modulation. This operating mode causes high voltage stresses across the semiconductors, calling for high-voltage switches like IGBT's. However, zero-voltage turn-off is achieved, resulting in limited power loss even at high frequency. Both current- and voltage-fed approaches as well as constant- and variable-frequency control are analyzed in the paper. Simulation and experimental results are Explained, which demonstrate actual converter performance. Most of the power factor regulator topologies in continuous conduction mode result in bulky magnetic, and in discontinuous conduction mode result in high harmonic content. To solve these problems a Cuk topology is presented in discontinuous conduction mode with coupled inductors for power factor regulation, the unique feature exhibited by the converter that makes the converter better than the other converter in operation for power factor regulation. Inductive coupling is used to transfer the ripple from the input to the output side thereby reducing the switching harmonics in the line current. Experimental results obtained on a some Watt prototype are also presented.
Research on Contact Characteristics between Bump End Effector and WaferIJRES Journal
In the IC industry, commonly used methods are wafer clamping friction transmission type and vacuum suction. Combining science and theological contact theory,the contact friction transmission characteristics when using the bump and transmission actuator wafer, the wafer and the end actuators. Starting from the material properties of the wafer by ANSYS simulation analysis in contact with the wafer bump deformation due to its own gravity, and verify that it meets the requirements of small deformation wafer transfer. Compute and solve the friction contact with the wafer bump bristles between.
Vehicle route scheduling and transportation cost minimization in a latex indu...IJRES Journal
The vehicle route scheduling problem is concerned with the determination of routes and schedules for a fleet of vehicles to satisfy the demands of a set of customers. The goal of vehicle routing is to schedule multiple suppliers from various places. Vehicle routing has existed since the advent of the Industrial age, when large-scale production became possible. As the complexity and scale of the manufacturing world increased, the task of optimizing vehicle routing grew. The vehicle routing problem is a combinatorial optimization and integer programming problem seeking to service a number of customers with a fleet of vehicles. Often the context is that of delivering goods located at a central depot to customers who have placed orders for such goods or vice-versa. Implicit is the goal of minimizing the cost of distributing the goods. Many methods have been developed for searching for good solutions to the problem, however even for the smallest problems, finding global minimum for the cost function is computationally complex. The paper presents an optimization algorithm using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the vehicle routing that would enable the logistic manager of a latex industry to minimize the transportation cost and maximize the collection using minimum number of vehicles.
Students Knowledge based Advisor System for Colleges Admission With an Applie...IJRES Journal
This paper presents a knowledge based advisor system designed to aid preparatory year students to achieve their desire of colleges they wanted to be dwelled allocated. The system predicts the 2nd term GPA, and the final term GPA by knowing the 1st semester GPA, then advise students to suitable colleges. A student who is far from achieving his desire is advised to study some aided courses. The system uses historical data extracted from the university database. Then statistical prediction algorithms are developed, to evaluate and to match students’ current desires with colleges’ qualified criteria.
DNA Barcode of a New Species Insect in Mangrove Ecosystem at Likupang Village...IJRES Journal
The research area at Mangrove forest in Likupang Village North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The aimed of this research are to document DNA barcode of insect inhabit in mangrove area. Insect were collected with sweep net and directly put in to the alcohol. The insect preparation for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) at Basic Science Laboratory Sam Ratulangi University (MIPA faculty). The primer LCO1490: 5'-ggtcaacaaatcataaagatattgg-3' and HC02198: 5'-taaacttcagggtgaccaaaaaatca-3' at 710-bp. BLAST Analysis and the result barcode has ID :(lcl|Query_113365), 84% identification to species Gergithus iguchii also as the closer (0.20) distance organism, it means this organism as a new species, and has a taxonomy Order : Hemiptera, sub order : Neohemiptera, Super family :Fulgoridea, Family : Issidae.
Mems Based Motor Fault Detection in Windmill Using Neural NetworksIJRES Journal
Today wind turbine technology is one of the fastest growing power generation technologies operating in large numbers at harsh and difficult environment sites and it is difficult to monitor each and every windmill separately. There are times when faults occur in motors of windmills are not detected in earlier stage and we come to know about damage when motor gets fully damaged. Here we using wireless monitoring based on MEMS accelerometer sensor which senses the vibrations occurring in the motor and based on the severity of vibrations, sensor sends the data to the controlling unit to take further action. Neural network based work is included to get the accurate and precise vibratory signals to detect fault at a very early stage to avoid full damage to the motor.
Simulation and Analysis of 45 Steel Cutting Force On Turning Cutting Process ...IJRES Journal
Based on function of the large deformation analysis module of ABAQUS system,the orthogonal cutting process of 45 steel was simulated and analyzed by using FEM software. Using the failure criterion of Johnson - Cook realize the separation of the chip and workpiece, using the adaptive meshing technique(ALE), and the phenomenon of the hourglass control and post-processing.The influences of cutting parameters on cutting force were analyzed and discussed. It was found that simulation results were to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Numerical Simulation of Hot Air Drying Kiln Velocity Field Based on Computati...IJRES Journal
In this paper, the energy-efficient hot air drying kiln adopts innovative -designed guide air cover to control the speed of airflow velocity and the direction of the air flow in the fan outlet, so that the horizontal airflow in the fan outlet forms a smooth jets transferred to the vertical wind tunnel smoothly, and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software SCT/tetra to complete numerical simulation and analysis of air drying kiln flow velocity field , and compares in detail the before and after optimization design in different spatial positions of the velocity distribution in the cross section of drying kiln. The simulation results show that: After the adoption of new technology optimization, the drying kiln improves the uniformity of air flow field distribution, advances the drying efficiency and wood drying quality, also reduces the energy consumption, and lays the foundation of energy-efficient hot air drying kiln applications.
Seeds Affinity Propagation Based on Text ClusteringIJRES Journal
The objective is to find among all partitions of the data set, best publishing according to some quality measure. Affinity propagation is a low error, high speed, flexible, and remarkably simple clustering algorithm that may be used in forming teams of participants for business simulations and experiential exercises, and in organizing participant’s preferences for the parameters of simulations. This paper proposes an efficient Affinity Propagation algorithm that guarantees the same clustering result as the original algorithm after convergence. The heart of our approach is (1) to prune unnecessary message exchanges in the iterations and (2) to compute the convergence values of pruned messages after the iterations to determine clusters.
An Automatic Car Engine Startup and Brake Oil Monitoring Using SensorsIJRES Journal
The primary concern of “An Automatic Car Engine Startup and Brake Oil Monitoring Using Sensors” is to monitor the level of brake oil and to monitor the exact amount of engine fuel in digital form. It also shows the importance of unimodal biometric in order to identify or to verify a person that wants to start the engine of the car. A fingerprint sensor is placed on the car’s door and one in the dashboard to start the engine. If the person’s fingerprint matches then he can get into the car and start the engine.
A Novel Remote Center-of Motion Parallel manipulator for Minimally Invasive C...IJRES Journal
In order to improve the security and expand the work space of minimally invasive celiac surgical robot, a new remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism is designed. The remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism can be used to hold surgical instrument instead of doctors, and then help doctors complete surgical operation (such as holding、stapling or resecting the patient's diseased tissue and organs). In this paper, the function of the remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism of minimally invasive surgical ( MIS) robot in the process of surgery are analyzed in detail. the design requirements of the remote center-of motion (RCM) are described. And then, a detailed analysis of the kinematic principle and motion decouplability of the circular tracking arc and double parallelogram structure are gave. On these foundations, a novel parallel robotic remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism which owing a circular track structure and some series bar is proposed. Through analyzing the degree of freedom of this institution, the kinematics principle and decoupling characteristics, we find that the new institution has a good performance on “Fixed point motion” and the three rotational degrees of freedom of this mechanism can be fully decoupled. with respect to the remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism which was made by the circular tracking arc and double parallelogram structure, the novel remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism can realize the robot’s lightweight, improve the structural rigidity, reduce motion inertia, and also expand the working space. As a result, the new remote center-of motion (RCM) mechanism would be a good choice for a minimally invasive surgical robot.
Drinking Water Quality and Sanitation Issues: A Survey of a Semi-Urban Settin...IJRES Journal
An assessment on the drinking water quality from major source (borehole) and household in a semi-urban setting in Nigeria was carried out. Structured questionnaire was administered to randomly selected households in seven zones of the municipality to determine the common method of collection and transportation, storage, and sanitation practices. Water samples collected were subjected to laboratory analyses for physico-chemical and microbial properties. The result of the physico-chemical analysis when compared against the World Health Organization (WHO) and Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) drinking water quality benchmark revealed that the water samples were within standards for consumable water except for the presence of feacal contamination. The result revealed that before water can be totally considered safe for drinking, further treatment is required at the household level due to fecal contamination, and water safety concerns are also highlighted. The result translates to the fact that compliance assessment with standards and impact assessment studies in determining the fate of pollutants is necessary at all levels.
Keypad Based Bank Locker Security System Using Gsm TechnologyIJRES Journal
Banking is one of the sectors where technology and advancements in technologies have not been utilized to the fullest potential. In the security systems even today very old practices are followed that can be made lot better using technologies like GSM which is easily usable and also easy to implement at a consumer level. In this project we propose a GSM based secure access which can provide a sophisticated theft alert system for bank locker system. This system contains microcontroller, keypad, GSM module and LCD display. By using keypad we need to enter the password that is provided to the authenticated persons. If the password entered is wrong then the GSM network converts the digital information into airborne signals and SMS is transferred to the registered mobile number. This system offers better solution for the bank security system and it will also help us to track the person who tried to open the locker without the permission and proper authentication.
The intention of this paper is to identify a suitable controller for closed loop multi converter system for multiple input sources and to improve time response of high-gain-step up-converter. Closed-loop Multi Converter System (MCS) is utilized to regulate load-voltage. This effort recommends suitable-controller for closed-two loop-controlled-SEPIC-REBOOST Converter fed DC motor. The estimation of the yield in open-two loop and closed- two-loop-circuit has been done using MATLAB or Simulink. Closed-two loop-control of Multi Converter System with Propotional+Integral (PI)- Propotional+Integral (PI) and Proportional+Resonant (PR) - Proportional+Resonant (PR) Controllers are investigated and their responses are evaluated in conditions of rise time, peak time, settling time and steady state error. It is seen that current-mode PR-PR controlled MCS gives better time domain response in terms of motor speed. A Prototype of MCS has been fabricated in the laboratory and the experimental-results are authenticated with the simulation-results.
This paper presents the detail circuitry modeling of single phase off-grid inverter for small standalone system applications. The entire model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink platform using circuitry model. This off grid inverter consists of a high frequency DC-DC step up converter cascaded with a full bridge PI control voltage source inverter using SPWM modulation with LC filter to produce sine wave output. This is a common design used in many small commercial off-grid inverter. This off-grid inverter model is capable to produce AC sinewave output voltage at 230 V 50 Hz up to 1 kW power from a 48 V DC lead acid battery source. The AC sine wave output waveform achieved a voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of less than 1 % which is almost a pure sine wave. The conversion efficiency performance of the off-grid inverter achieved more than 94 %. The performance of the model is validated by real commercial off-grid inverter. The performance validation experiment shows that the off-grid inverter Simulink model conversion efficiency and THD performance are comparable to the commercial off-grid inverter. This model contributes to assist small to medium standalone system load and battery sizing design with greater accuracy.
Design and Simulation of Efficient DC-DC Converter Topology for a Solar PV Mo...Sajin Ismail
Modulated Integrated Converter systems are considered to be the new and global turning point in the field of
Solar PV systems. These converters are highly recognised for its modular size and compact nature and they are supposed to
be attached directly with each PV module and since one PV module is having the power rating of a few watts ranging from
0-500Ws, the design rating would be in the same range and thus the most vital condition in such a design is efficiency
under these relatively low loads. In this paper an isolated interleaved boost converter topology is considered in the DC-DC
section and which is designed and simulated for a specific power rating (250W) and the efficiency is analysed with varying
load conditions and compared with the target efficiency of the system.
A Novel Three Phase Multi-string Multilevel Inverter with High DC-DC Closed o...rnvsubbarao koppineni
this inverter reduces
number power devices and high performances.
Before this inverter provide a high step up DC-DC
converter with PI controller for better conversion
efficiency and to improve the output dc voltage of
varies renewable energy sources. This multi-string
multilevel inverter consists of six switches only
instead of eight switches in cascaded H-bridge
multilevel inverter in order to reduce conversion
losses. The main objective of this paper is to save
cost and size by removing any kind of transformer
as well as reducing the power devices
ZVZCS Based High Frequency Link Grid Connected SVM Applied Three Phase Three ...IAES-IJPEDS
This article proposes a newly proposed highly effective Zero Voltage and Zero Current switching based Front end converter with a High Frequency Transformer with a Three Phase Three Level Diode Clamped Inverter in photovoltaic applications. The switching scheme is implemented in MATLAB/ Simulink condition. ZVZCS condition is achieved. This type of converter shows high efficiency and very negligible switching loss. Finally ZVZCS based High Frequency Link Diode Clamped Inverter is connected to Grid. An MCI optimized Current controller is used with SVM switching technique. In This article, responses with three types of controllers (I, PI, PID) have been examined and compared. Simulation results show the effectiveness, and validity of this technique.
Drive Applications of Fuzzy Logic Controlled Interleaved Boost Converter for ...EECJOURNAL
The improvement in the efficiency, a reduced ripple and reduction in the passive elements is proposed in this project through the interleaved boost converter. The interleaved boost converter operates multiple phase approach, is used for the power factor control applications. The proposed converter is used to extract the power output from the solar panel with reduced ripple losses and greater efficiency thereby obtaining the maximum power from the solar panel. The control of the current with energy saving method is obtained with the efficiency of 95%. The converter operation is controlled by the fuzzy logic controller to operate the switches with the finest and reduced power loss constrains. The proposed method is mathematically modeled and the results are analysed. A similar prototype model is designed and the results are compared with the theoretical values.
A non-isolated tri-port converter is a fully compact and functional system by the integration of basic converters. This can be used for renewable energy applications. This converter is capable of achieving different switching patterns of power flow between the source and load, interfaced sources of various voltage and current levels with the dc grid. This tri-port converter has to be used for continuous power distribution of rechargeable battery, photovoltaic panels and load. Due to the implementation of this dc-dc converter some operations like buck, boost and buck-boost operations became easy. Use of this converter helps in easy implementation of the system. The solar PV panel implementation boosts the system to a high level and bidirectional flow became easy from source to load and vice versa.
This paper presents a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) interface for delivering both active and reactive powers. The PV interface employs H-bridge topology DC-DC converter and inverter with analog control technology. The power flow is controlled solely by the adjustable DC output voltage of the DC to DC converter. In order to evaluate the PV interface system’s performances, it is tested by delivering power to the grid with low pawer factor. The experimental results show that at 300W active load, the inverter could deliver the reactive power of 400VAR. The PV interface could also produce very low harmonic voltage and current distorsions. The laboratory measurements show that the total harmonic distortions of inverter output voltage and current are 0.46% and 0.05%, respectively.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance of Photovoltaic Assisted Five Level Diode Clamped Inverter fed In...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the simulation and analysis of Photovoltaic assisted three phase five level Diode Clamped multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive. Photovoltaic technology is one of the most promising for distributed low power generation. Its ability to produce power by directly converting solar energy has led to tremendous surge in its demand. The Photovoltaic output DC is fed to the boost converter to step up the voltage. The use of multilevel inverters have become popular in recent years for high power applications and an effective and practical solution for increasing power and reducing harmonics of AC waveforms. So, here a five level multilevel inverter is used for generating AC voltage from five levels of DC voltages and enhance the performance of the system. The proposed system is used to reduce the amplitudes of all harmonics at the output of the inverter. The power quality improves by reducing the harmonics level. The simulation results for the proposed system are verified using Mat lab / Simulink. The TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) for Diode Clamped multi-level inverter is compared with the three phase inverter and it can be observed that in the higher levels the THD is reduced.
Nine Level Inverter with Boost Converter from Renewable Energy SourceIJERA Editor
A new single phase nine level multilevel inverter is proposed. The input to the proposed nine level multilevel inverter is obtained from solar panel . The solar energy obtained from the solar panel is not constant and it varies with times. In order to maintain the constant voltage obtained from the solar panel the boost converter is used to maintain the constant output voltage using MPPT ( Perturb and observe algorithm) algorithm. Then the buck boost converter output voltage is stored in the battery bank. Finally the battery energy is connected to the 9 level inverter circuits. The harmonics in the inverter is eliminated by using the fuzzy logic controller. The gate pulse for the multilevel inverter is given by the fuzzy logic controller which in turn reduces the harmonics in the inverter. Then the inverter output is connected to the grid are some application.
Modified SEPIC Converter Performance for Grid-connected PV Systems under Vari...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Step-up converter is widely used to increase DC voltage level on PV systems either off-grid or grid connected. One of the step-up converters often used in PV systems is SEPIC converter. To improve its performance, many SEPIC converters have been modified. However, performance on various conditions has not been further investigated. In this study, the modified SEPIC converter was investigated under various change conditions for grid-connected PV applications. This converter was modelled and simulated using PSIM software. The modified SEPIC converter received input from PV array 15 kWp, and its output was connected to the three-phase inverter with grid and load. The irradiance level and ambient temperature were varied to test its performance and compared to Boost converter and SEPIC converter. For all tests, the performance of modified SEPIC converter was better than other step-up converters because it was able to rectify the quality of output voltage and more efficient.
Analysis of Fuel Cell Based Multilevel DC-DC Boost Converter for Induction MotorIJMTST Journal
In this paper new topologies and interleaving modulation concepts for multilevel DC-DC boost converter
enabling a significantly less loss and a reduced chip size of the power semiconductors are proposed. The
distributed generation (DG) systems based on the renewable energy sources have rapidly developed in
recent years. These DG systems are powered by micro sources such as fuel cells, photovoltaic (PV) systems,
and batteries. Fuel cells are considered to be one of the most promising sources of distributed energy because
of their high efficiency, low environmental impact and scalability. Non-isolated high step-up DC-DC
converters are required in the industrial applications. Many of these conventional DC–DC converters have the
disadvantages of operating at high duty-cycle, high switch voltage stress and high diode peak current. A
three-level step up converter is implemented to boost the fuel cell stack voltage of 96V to 340V. The proposed
converter consists a system of fuel cell based Multilevel DC-DC converter with PI controller is modeled and
simulated by using Matlab/Simulink.
A Integrated Technique of SIDO PFC Fly back Converter in power systemIJMTST Journal
Energy saving is the major international efforts to control down the global warming .Power electronics based devices has being improving day by day for saving the electrical energy in the power grids. The govt. of India is also contributing several projects based on energy conservation. The Designing of a single-inductor dual output (SIDO) fly-back power factor correction (PFC) converter is proposed, in which the PFC and power conversion are done at the same time, multiplexing of a single-inductor is implemented through which each output can be regulated independently. The converter will be operating under in critical conduction mode (CRM). A SIDO PFC converter is a system of dual efficient DC output obtained from the AC source, it can also be replaced by solar panel and our system is capable of running a dc motor also, fly back converter can be used in both ac-dc and dc-dc conversion process. The efficiency along with power factor, total harmonic distortion (THD), settling time and output accuracy of this converter will be improved by implementing the neural network as controllers in the system
This work highlights a modular power conditioning system (PCS) in photovoltaic (PV) applications which consists with a DC-DC converter. The converter is able to regulate and amplify the input DC voltage produced by the PV panal. The implementation of Mosfet as bidirectional switch on the converter yields greater conversion ratio and better voltage regulation than a conventional DC-DC step up converter and PWM resonant converter. It also reduces the switching losses on the output DC voltage of the converter, as the MOSFET switches on primary winding of converter switch on under ZVS conditions. The proposed resonant converter has been designed, with the modification of series resonant converter and PWM boost converter that utilizes the high frequency of AC bidirectional switch to eliminate the weaknesses of used converters. The topology of the proposed converter includes the mode of operations, designing procedure and components selection of the new converter elements. This topology provides a DC output voltage to the inverter at range of about 120Vac-208 Vac.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using P...IJPEDS-IAES
A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV)
inverter using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC
source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system
controlled by using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.
PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and
observe maximum power point technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of
maximum power from the PV panel. Finally total harmonic distortion (THD)
comparison made between two controllers for validation of results.
Furthermore swithing losses of inverter are also presented. The simulation
results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
Similar to High Proficiency Grid ConnectedPhotovoltaic Power Generation System (20)
Exploratory study on the use of crushed cockle shell as partial sand replacem...IJRES Journal
The increasing demand for natural river sand supply for the use in construction industry along
with the issue of environmental problem posed by the dumping of cockle shell, a by-product from cockle
business have initiated research towards producing a more environmental friendly concrete. This research
explores the potential use of cockle shell as partial sand replacement in concrete production. Cockle shell used
in this experimental work were crushed to smaller size almost similar to sand before mixed in concrete. A total
of six concrete mixtures were prepared with varying the percentages of cockle shell viz. 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,
20% and 25%. All the specimens were subjected to continuous water curing. The compressive strength test was
conducted at 28 days in accordance to BS EN 12390. Finding shows that integration of suitable content of
crushed cockle shell of 10% as partial sand replacement able to enhance the compressive strength of concrete.
Adopting crushed cockle shell as partial sand replacement in concrete would reduce natural river sand
consumption as well as reducing the amount of cockle shell disposed as waste.
Congenital Malaria: Correlation of Umbilical Cord Plasmodium falciparum Paras...IJRES Journal
The vertical (trans-placental) transmission of the parasite Plasmodium falciparum from
pregnant mother to fetus during gestational period was investigated in a clinical research involving 43 full term
pregnant women in selected Hospitals in Jimeta Yola, Adamawa State Nigeria. During the observational study,
parasitemia was determined by light microscopic examination of umbilical and maternal peripheral blood film
for the presence of the trophozoites of Plasmodium falciparum. Correlational analysis was then carried on the
result obtained at p<0.05.><0.05) was established between maternal peripheral blood and umbilical cord
blood parasitemia with Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.762. Thus, in a malaria endemic area like Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria, with a stable transmission of parasite, there is a high probability of vertical
transmission of Plasmodium falciparum parasite from mother to fetus during gestation that can be followed by
the presentation of the symptoms of malaria by the newborn and other malaria related complications. Families
are advised to consistently sleep under appropriately treated insecticide mosquito net to avoid mosquito bite and
subsequent infestation.
Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate VariabilityIJRES Journal
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the balance between sympathetic mediators of heart
rate that is the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine released from sympathetic nerve fibres acting on the
sino-atrial and atrio-ventricular nodes which increase the rate of cardiac contraction and facilitate conduction at
the atrio-ventricular node and parasympathetic mediators of heart rate that is the influence of acetylcholine
released by the parasympathetic nerve fibres acting on the sino-atrial and atrio-ventricular nodes leading to a
decrease in the heart rate and a slowing of conduction at the atrio-ventricular node. Sympathetic mediators
appear to exert their influence over longer time periods and are reflected in the low frequency power(LFP) of
the HRV spectrum (between 0.04Hz and 0.15 Hz).Vagal mediators exert their influence more quickly on the
heart and principally affect the high frequency power (HFP) of the HRV spectrum (between 0.15Hz and 0.4
Hz). Thus at any point in time the LFP:HFP ratio is a proxy for the sympatho- vagal balance. Thus HRV is a
valuable tool to investigate the sympathetic and parasympathetic function of the autonomic nervous system.
Study of HRV enhance our understanding of physiological phenomenon, the actions of medications and disease
mechanisms but large scale prospective studies are needed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive
values of heart rate variability regarding death or morbidity in cardiac and non-cardiac patients. This paper
presents the linear and nonlinear to analysis the HRV.
Dynamic Modeling for Gas Phase Propylene Copolymerization in a Fluidized Bed ...IJRES Journal
A two-phase model is proposed for describing the dynamics of a fluidized bed reactor used for
polypropylene production. In the proposed model, the fluidized bed is divided into an emulsion and bubble
phase where the flow of gas is considered to be plug flow through the bubbles and perfectly mixed through the
emulsion phase. Similar previous models, consider the reaction in the emulsion phase only. In this work the
contribution of reaction in the bubble phase is considered and its effect on the overall polypropylene production
is investigated the kinetic model is combined with hydrodynamic model in order to develop a comprehensive
model for gas-phase propylene copolymerization reactor. Simulation profiles of the proposed model were
compared with those of well mixed model for the emulsion phase temperature. The simulated temperature
profile showed a lower rate of change compared to the previously reported models due to lower polymerization
rate. Model simulation showed that about 13% of the produced polymer comes from the bubble phase and this
considerable amount of polymerization in the bubbles should not be neglected in any modeling attempt.
Study and evaluation for different types of Sudanese crude oil propertiesIJRES Journal
Sudanese crude oil is regarded as one of the sweet types of crude in the world, Sulphur containing
compounds are un desirable in petroleum because they de activate the catalyst during the refining processes and
are the main source of acid rains and environmental pollution.(Mark Cullen 2001),Since it contains considerable
amount of salts and acids, it negatively impact the production facilities and transportation lines with corrosive
materials. However it suffers other problems in flow properties represented by the high viscosity and high
percentage of wax. Samples were collected after the initial and final treatment at CPF, and tested for
physical and chemical properties.wax content is in the range 23-31 weight % while asphalting content is about
0.1 weight% . Resin content is 13-7 weight % and deposits are 0.01 weight%. The carbon number distribution in
the crude is in the range 7-35 carbon atoms. The pour point vary between 39°C-42°C and the boiling point is in
the range 70 °C - 533 °C.
A Short Report on Different Wavelets and Their StructuresIJRES Journal
This article consists of basics of wavelet analysis required for understanding of and use of wavelet
theory. In this article we briefly discuss about HAAR wavelet transform their space and structures.
A Case Study on Academic Services Application Using Agile Methodology for Mob...IJRES Journal
Recently, Mobile Cloud Computing reveals many modern development areas in the Information
Technology industry. Several software engineering frameworks and methodologies have been developed to
provide solutions for deploying cloud computing resources on mobile application development. Agile
methodology is one of the most commonly used methodologies in the field. This paper presents the MCCAS a
Web and Mobile application that provide feature for the Palestinian higher education/academic institutions. An
Agile methodology was used in the development of the MCCAS but in parallel with emphasis on Cloud
computing resources deployment. Also many related issues is discussed such as how software engineering
modern methodologies (advances) influenced the development process.
Wear Analysis on Cylindrical Cam with Flexible RodIJRES Journal
Firstly, the kinetic equation of spatial cylindrical cam with flexible rod has been established. Then, an
accurate cylindrical cam mechanism model has been established based on the spatial modeling software
Solidworks. The dynamic effect of flexible rod on mechanical system was studied in detail based on the
mechanical system dynamics analytical software Adams, and Archard wear model is used to predict the wear of
the cam. We used Ansys to create finite element model of the cam link, extracted the first five order mode to
export into Adams. The simulation results show that the dynamic characteristics of spatial cylindrical cam
mechanical system with flexible rod is closed to ideal mechanism. During the cam rotate one cycle, the collision
in the linkage with a clearance occurs in some special location, others still keep a continuous contact, and the
prediction of wear loss is smaller than rigid body.
DDOS Attacks-A Stealthy Way of Implementation and DetectionIJRES Journal
Cloud Computing is a new paradigm provides various host service [paas, saas, Iaas over the internet.
According to a self-service,on-demand and pay as you use business model,the customers will obtain the cloud
resources and services.It is a virtual shared service.Cloud Computing has three basic abstraction layers System
layer(Virtual Machine abstraction of a server),Platform layer(A virtualized operating system, database and
webserver of a server and Application layer(It includes Web Applications).Denial of Service attack is an attempt
to make a machine or network resource unavailable to the intended user. In DOS a user or organization is
deprived of the services of a resource they would normally expect to have.A Successful DOS attack is a highly
noticeable event impacting the entire online user base.DOS attack is found by First Mathematical Metrical
Method (Rate Controlling,Timing Window,Worst Case and Pattern Matching)DOS attack not only affect the
Quality of the service and also affect the performance of the server. DDOS attacks are launched from Botnet-A
large Cluster of Connected device(cellphone,pc or router) infected with malware that allow remote control by an
attacker. Intruder using SIPDAS in DDOS to perform attack.SIPDAS attack strategies are detected using Heap
Space Monitoring Algorithm.
An improved fading Kalman filter in the application of BDS dynamic positioningIJRES Journal
Aiming at the poor dynamic performance and low navigation precision of traditional fading
Kalman filter in BDS dynamic positioning, an improved fading Kalman filter based on fading factor vector is
proposed. The fading factor is extended to a fading factor vector, and each element of the vector corresponds to
each state component. Based on the difference between the actual observed quantity and the predicted one, the
value of the vector is changed automatically. The memory length of different channel is changed in real time
according to the dynamic property of the corresponding state component. The actual observation data of BDS is
used to test the algorithm. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional fading Kalman filter
and the method of the third references, the positioning precision of the algorithm is improved by 46.3% and
23.6% respectively.
Positioning Error Analysis and Compensation of Differential Precision WorkbenchIJRES Journal
Positioning error is a widely problem exists in mechanism, the important factors affecting machining
precision. In order to reduce the error caused by positioning problem processing, based on the differential
workbench as the research object, using the method of theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the
analysis of positioning error mechanism and source of complete differential precision workbench error
compensation, improve the accuracy of the device, provides a method for the application of modern machine
tools. table.
Status of Heavy metal pollution in Mithi river: Then and NowIJRES Journal
The Mithi River runs through the heart of suburban Mumbai. Its path of flow has been severely
damaged due to industrialization and urbanization. The quality of water has been deteriorating ever since. The
Municipal and industrial effluents are discharged in unchecked amounts. The municipal discharge comprises
untreated domestic and sewage wastes whereas the industries are majorly discharge chemicals and other toxic
effluents which are responsible in increasing the metal load of the river. In the current study, the water is
analysed for heavy metals- Copper, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead and Nickel. It also includes a brief
understanding on the fluctuations that have occurred in the heavy metal pollution, through the compilation of
studies carried out in the area previously.
The Low-Temperature Radiant Floor Heating System Design and Experimental Stud...IJRES Journal
In order to analyze the temperature distribution of the low-temperature radiant floor heating system
that uses the condensing wall-hung boiler as the heat source, the heating system is designed according to a typical
house facing south in Shanghai. The experiments are carried out to study the effects of the supply water
temperature on the thermal comfort of the system. Eventually, the supply water temperature that makes people in
the room feel more comfortable is obtained. The result shows that in the condition of that the outside temperature
is 8~15℃ and the relative humidity is 30~70%RH, the temperature distribution in the room is from high to low
when the height is from bottom to top. The floor surface temperature is highest, but its uniformity is very poor.
When the heating system reaches the steady state, the air temperature of the room is uniform. When the supply
water temperature is 63℃ The room is relatively comfortable at the above experimental condition.
Experimental study on critical closing pressure of mudstone fractured reservoirsIJRES Journal
In the process of oil and gas exploitation of mudstone-fractured reservoir in Daqing oilfield, the
permeability of fracture is easily affected by the influence of stress change, which is shown by the sensitivity of
the permeability to the stress. With the extension of time mining in the fractured mudstone reservoir, fracture
stress sensitivity is obvious in vast decline of production and great influence on reduced yields. In order to
reasonably determine the way of developing method, working system and the exploitation rate of the reservoir,
correspondingly protecting reservoir productivity, improve ultimate recovery. On the basis of the previous
research on the stress sensitivity of fractured mudstone, this essay studied the critical closing pressure of the
simulated underground fractured mudstone under the laboratory condition.
Correlation Analysis of Tool Wear and Cutting Sound SignalIJRES Journal
With the classic signal analysis and processing method, the cutting of the audio signal in time
domain and frequency domain analysis. We reached the following conclusions: in the time domain analysis,
cutting audio signals mean and the variance associated with tool wear state change occurred did not change
significantly, and tool wear is not high degree of correlation, and the mean-square value of the audio signal
changes in the size and tool wear the state has a good relationship.
Reduce Resources for Privacy in Mobile Cloud Computing Using Blowfish and DSA...IJRES Journal
Mobile cloud computing in light of the increasing popularity among users of mobile smart
technology which is the next indispensable that enables users to take advantage of the storage cloud computing
services. However, mobile cloud computing, the migration of information on the cloud is reliable their privacy
and security issues. Moreover, mobile cloud computing has limitations in resources such as power energy,
processor, Memory and storage. In this paper, we propose a solution to the problem of privacy with saving and
reducing resources power energy, processor and Memory. This is done through data encryption in the mobile
cloud computing by symmetric algorithm and sent to the private cloud and then the data is encrypted again and
sent to the public cloud through Asymmetric algorithm. The experimental results showed after a comparison
between encryption algorithms less time and less time to decryption are as follows: Blowfish algorithm for
symmetric and the DSA algorithm for Asymmetric. The analysis results showed a significant improvement in
reducing the resources in the period of time and power energy consumption and processor.
Resistance of Dryland Rice to Stem Borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk.) Using ...IJRES Journal
Rice stem borer is one of the important pests that attack plants so as to reduce production. One way
to control pests is to use organic fertilizers that make the plant stronger and healthier. This study was conducted
to determine the effects of organic fertilizers with various doses without the use of pesticides in controlling stem
borer, Scirpophaga incertulas. Methods using split-split plot design which consists of two levels of the whole
plot factor (solid and liquid organic fertilizers), two levels of the subplot factor (conventional and industry,
Tiens and Mitraflora), and four levels of the sub-subplot factor of conventional and industry (5, 10, 15, 20
tonnes/ha), and one level of the sub-subplot factor of Tiens and Mitraflora (each 2 ml/l). Based on the results
Statistical analysis there were no significant differences among treatments and this shows that the use of organic
fertilizers that only a dose of 5 tonnes/ha is sufficient available nutrients that make plants more robust and
resistant to control stem borer, besides that can reduce production costs and friendly to the environment when
compared with using inorganic fertilizers.
A novel high-precision curvature-compensated CMOS bandgap reference without u...IJRES Journal
A novel high-precision curvature-compensated bandgap reference (BGR) without using op-amp
is presented in this paper. It is based on second-order curvature correction principle, which is a weighted sum of
two voltage curves which have opposite curvature characteristic. One voltage curve is achieved by first-order
curvature-compensated bandgap reference (FCBGR) without using op-amp and the other found by using W
function is achieved by utilizing a positive temperature coefficient (TC) exponential current and a linear
negative TC current to flow a linear resistor. The exponential current is gained by using anegative TC voltage to
control a MOSFET in sub-threshold region. In the temperature ranging from -40℃ to 125℃, experimental
results implemented with SMIC 0.18μm CMOS process demonstrate that the presented BGR can achieve a TC
as low as 2.2 ppm/℃ and power-supply rejection ratio(PSRR)is -69 dB without any filtering capacitor at 2.0 V.
While the range of the supply voltage is from 1.7 to 3.0 V, the output voltage line regulation is about1 mV/ V
and the maximum TC is 3.4 ppm/℃.
Structural aspect on carbon dioxide capture in nanotubesIJRES Journal
In this work we reported the carbon dioxide adsorption (CO2) in six different nanostructures in order
to investigate the capturing capacity of the materials at nanoscale. Here we have considered the three different
nanotubes including zinc oxide nanotube (ZnONT), silicon carbide nanotube (SiCNT) and single walled carbon
nanotube (SWCNT). Three different chiralities such as zigzag (9,0), armchair (5,5) and chiral (6,4) having
approximately same diameter are analyzed. The adsorption binding energy values under various cases are
estimated with density functional theory (DFT). We observed CO2 molecule chemisorbed on ZnONT and
SiCNT’s whereas the physisorption is predominant in CNT. To investigate the structural aspect, the tubes with
defects are studied and compared with defect free tubes. We have also analyzed the electrical properties of tubes
from HOMO, LUMO energies. Our results reveal the defected structure enhance the CO2 capture and is
predicted to be a potential candidate for environmental applications.
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...IJRES Journal
In this paper, the brake driving intention identification parameters based on the fuzzy control are
summarized and analyzed, the necessary parameters based on the fuzzy control of the brake driving intention
recognition are found out, and I pointed out the commonly corrupt parameters, and through the relevant
parameters , I establish the corresponding driving intention model.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
High Proficiency Grid ConnectedPhotovoltaic Power Generation System
1. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES)
ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print): 2320-9356
www.ijres.org Volume 2 Issue 3 ǁ March. 2013 ǁ PP.01-05
www.ijres.org 1 | Page
High Proficiency Grid ConnectedPhotovoltaic Power Generation
System
MariarajaP1
, BrindhaSakthiB2
,Saranya A V3
1
Assistant Professor, Department of PG-ES, P.A.College of Engineering and Technology
2&3
PG student,P.A.College of Engineering and Technology
Abstract:Solar energy hasbecomepopular nowadays and desire for clean energy. Since the solar radiation on no
occasion remains constant,it keeps on insecure throughout the day. The need of the hour is to distribute a
constant voltage to the grid irrespective of the deviation in temperatures and solar insolation. The inverter is
designed from a boost converter along with a line frequency. The voltage from the boost converter is fedto the
grid through inverter. In this proposed method high efficiency can be achievedby using only one switch
functioning at high frequency at a time. The converter uses IGBT and ultra-fast reverse recovery diode. The
simulation and experiment results are verified using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Index terms:PV cells, Renewable Energy, DC–DCConverters, Inverters
I. INTRODUCTION
Now a day’s Photovoltaic power gaining more attention in supplying power to grid. Number of inverter
and control schemes is used in photovoltaic applications.Single phase utility inverters are used for residential
PV power generation systems. This type of residential application requires a power level lower than 5 kWand a
high input voltage stack that provides a dc voltage about 400V [2]. Based on the PV panel characteristics and
due to irradiation conditions, temperature variations and clouding effects the output DC voltage varies.
Therefore, residential PV inverter input voltage can vary widely. For example, from 300 to 500V, and can be
quite different from the desirable 400-V level. Thus, step up function, step down function or even both step up
and step down function with DC-DC converter is needed before an inverter stage. Such a dc–dc converter in
conjunction with a dc–ac inverter arrangement has been widely used in thePV. This PV based power is widely
used in grid connected system [7]-[8]. PV offers more advantages like freely available source, pollution free and
most abundant source.Figure. 1 shows the block diagram of the PV PCS. This method consists of two stage
power conversion with high frequency in cascaded configuration. It also consists of DC link in the middle.
Figure 1: Conventional two-stage PV
In this arrangement, the dc-bus voltage from the PV arrayshould be boosted, and the voltage-source-
type high-frequency inverter can be a dc–ac stage. Aline commutated inverter along with isolated dc-dc stage
can also be used [1].
II. PROPOSED HIGH EFFICIENCY BOOST CONVERTER BASED PV INVERTER
Photovoltaic (PV) is a method that uses semiconductors to generate electric power by solar
radiation, that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels composed of
a number of solar cells containing a photovoltaic material. Materials presently used for photovoltaic
include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper
indium gallium selenide/sulphide [4]-[6]. Due to the increased demand for renewable energy sources, the
manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced considerably in recent years.
In this chapter, the state-of-the-art single stage PV inverters are reviewed firstly. For these single stage
PV inverters either a transformer is used for boosting the input voltage or the input voltage will be required to be
higher than the peak of the grid voltage which is not good for PV application because the PV panel's
characteristics changes all the time. The energy storage needs to be at the front of a single stage inverter, and it
is usually implemented by electrolytic capacitors [3]. The lifetime issue of an electrolytic capacitor is
2. High Proficiency Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation System
www.ijres.org 2 | Page
introduced. And the conclusion can be drawn that although the electrolytic capacitors have limited lifetime, it
can still be used by applying smaller voltage and current ripple to prolong its lifetime. Because the end of its life
doesn't mean it failed, the electrolytic capacitor can work much longer than its estimated lifetime. As the
capacitance also has an impact on MPPT efficiency, the larger capacitance leads to higher MPPT efficiency.
After that, a boost-buck converter based inverter is proposed. It operates in either boost or buck mode; thus, it
has a wide input voltage range or high efficiency can be achieved. Then, the analysis of its middle capacitor and
CCM/DCM operation condition is presented. Since the common-mode voltage in this inverter is equal to the
grid voltage, it changes at line frequency. Thus, the leakage current of it is very small even at an extreme case.
III. PROPOSED MODULAR DC–DC CONVERTER
To take advantage of the modular fuel cell stack, an appropriate dc–dc converter and control scheme
are required. The converter should have as many independently controllable inputs as there are sections in the
stack. In addition, since thepositive terminal of one section in the stack also serves as the negative terminal for
the next section, the converter should provide isolation between its input and output to avoid circulating
currents.
A converter meeting these specifications can be constructed by using an arrangement of isolated dc–dc
converter modules, where the inputs of each module are connected across each of the sections of the stack and
their outputs are connected in series in order to add the output voltages of the differentmodules, thus obtaining a
higher output voltage.
Figure 2: Proposed block diagram
Such a modular dc–dc converter is shown in Figure 2, where the converter is composed of three push–
pull modules. To implement this function, each of the modules used to construct the dc–dc converter should be
able to stop extracting power from the section they are connected to and set its output impedance to zero.
This function can be accomplished by removing the gating signals to the transistors. In addition, it is
necessary to add a switch at the output of each module to short-circuit the output capacitor of the module and
bypass it.
IV. SIMULATION RESULTS
The proposed system consists of a modular fuel cell, control system and measurement block. In a
modular cell DC is converted to ac signal. Then the converted signal is given to the electric grid. Simulation
model is shown in figure 3.
Figure 3:Simulink model for proposed system
In the figure 7, the nominal DC input voltage is given. Rated value for load R and c is selected. In
figure 9 sub block of inverter is shown. It consists of Boost converter block.
3. High Proficiency Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation System
www.ijres.org 3 | Page
Figure 4: Simulink model for Photo Voltaic
This converter converts the signal from AC to Dc signal. The sub block system is available for boost
converter. MOSFET is used as a switch in a Boost converter. Gate signal is given to the switch through closed
loop.
Figure 5: Simulink model Boost chopper with inverter
Figure 6: Simulink model of Electrical grid
Figure 7: Simulink model of Boost converter model
The Electrical grid model is shown in the figure 6 [9]-[10]. The Boost converter controller model is
shown in the figure 7. PI controller is used to extract the boost converter model. The boost converter with
proposed controller gives faster response to meet the desired output.
4. High Proficiency Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation System
www.ijres.org 4 | Page
Figure 8:Simulink model for control circuit
Figure 9: Simulink model of Inverter
Figure 10: Simulink model for measurement Block System
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Figure 11:Pulse Width Modulation Waveform
Figure 12:Input voltage and current waveform
5. High Proficiency Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation System
www.ijres.org 5 | Page
Figure 13:Load voltage and current waveform
VI. Conclusion
In this paper, a PV cell and dc–dc converter concept with inverter has been presented. Due to time
constraints, MPPT algorithm is not used in boost converter.The proposed system has been shown to be fault
tolerant and can continue to operate at a reduced power level under power module faults. The proposed system
is capable of producing 10% additional power when compared to the traditional approach. In addition,
experimental results also confirm the operation of the system under stackfailure.
REFERENCE
[1] F.Blaabjerg,Z.Chen and S.Kjer,”Power electronics as efficientinterfacein dispersed power generation systems.
[2] H. Hwang, K. S. Ahn, H. C. Lim, S. S. Kim. Design, development and performance of a 50kW grid connected PV system with
three phase current-controlled inverter. In: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Conference Record of the 28th IEEE, pp. 1664-
1667, 2000.
[3] C. Cecati, A. Dell'Aquila, M. Liserre. “A novel three-phase single-stage distributed power inverter”. IEEE Transactions on
Power Electronics, vol. 19, Issue 5, pp.1226-1233, 2004.
[4] T.B. Johansson, H. Kelly, A.K.N. Reddy and R.H. Williams: Renewable Energy - Sources for fuels and electricity. Island Press,
1993.
[5] J. Twidell and T. Weir: Renewable Energy Resources. E & F.N. Spon, 1990.
[6] W. Hulscher and P. Fraenkel: The Power Guide - An international catalogue of small-scale energy equipment. ITDG Publishing,
1994.
[7] Derrick, C. Francis and V. Bokalders: Solar Photovoltaic Products - A guide for development workers. IT Publications and IT
Power, 1991.
[8] S. Roberts: Solar Electricity - A practical guide to designing and installing photovoltaic systems. Prentice Hall, 1991.
[9] Carletti, R.L., Lopes, C.G., Barbosa, P.G., 2005. Active & reactive power control scheme for a grid-connected photovoltaic
generation system based on VSI with selective harmonic eliminations. In: 8th
Power Electronics Brazilian Conference, COBEP,
Recife, pp. 129-134.
[10] J.Carrasco,L.Franquelo,J.Bbialasiewicz,E.Galvan,R.Portiloguisado,”Power electronics for system for grid integration of
renewable energy sources.
[11] IEEE Standard for interconnecting distributed sources with electric power systems.
[12] H.P. Garg, D. Gouri, and R. Gupta: Renewable Energy Technologies. Indian Institute of technology and the British High
Commission, 1997.
[13] S. Karekezi and T. Ranja: Renewable Energy Technologies in Africa. AFREPREN/SEI/Zed Books, 1997.
BIOGRAPHY
P.Mariaraja He received his B.E in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from PSG College of Technology,
Coimbatore, in 2004 and M.E degree in Power Electronics and Drives from AnnaiMathammalSheela
Engineering College, Nammakal, in 2011. He is currently Assistant Professor of PG-Electrical Sciences at
P.A.College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Coimbatore. His research interests are in the field of
electrical power Systems simulation and fault analysis.
B BrindhaSakthiShe received her B.E (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) degree from Maharaja
Engineering College, Coimbatore, in 2011, and pursuing M.E., (Power Electronics and Drives) degree in P.A
College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi. She is now working on her project regarding allocation of
FACTS devices in transmission lines to minimize the loss.
A V SaranyaShe received her B.E (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) degree from KalaignarKarunanidhi
Institute of Technology Coimbatore, in 2012, and pursuing M.E., (Power Electronics and Drives) degree in P.A
College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi. She is now working on her project regarding location of
FACTS devices in transmission lines using optimization technique.