A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Balance Exercise on Risk of Fall Prevention among Older People in Selected Old Age Homes at Purba Medinipur, West Bengal Pilot Study
Introduction Balance exercise is an important element that prevent fall in older age people observed throughout the world. balance training programme for old age people, including multi task exercises, was designed and developed based on well established principles of exercise and on the knowledge that balance control relies on the interaction of several physiological systems, as well as interaction with environmental factors and the performed task. Objective This study aims to assess the effectiveness of balance exercises on fall prevention among older people. Methods The research design selected for this study was experimental research design. The investigator used Randomized control trial to select a sample of 88 exprimental 44 and control 44 of old age people for this study. In this study socio demographic data tool, POMA Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment were used to measure and observe the study accurately. Fall rate was measured with the POMA tool. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferencial statistic. Results In the group 1 i.e. experimental group, 8 18.2 cases were high fall risk, 13 29.5 medium fall risk and 23 52.3 low fall risk. In the control group group 2 , 29 65.9 were high fall risk, 10 22.7 medium fall risk and 5 11.4 low fall risk. In the experimental group the high fall risk is very low and low fall risk is very high in comparison to control group. The difference was highly significant p=0.000 . This implied the balance exercise on fall prevention is highly effective. Conclusion This study concluded that significant increasing the strength, prevent fall and maintaining the balance among older people in a 4 week balance exercise program. Debojita Chatterjee "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Balance Exercise on Risk of Fall Prevention among Older People in Selected Old Age Homes at Purba Medinipur, West Bengal - Pilot Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38386.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38386/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-balance-exercise-on-risk-of-fall-prevention-among-older-people-in-selected-old-age-homes-at-purba-medinipur-west-bengal--pilot-study/debojita-chatterjee
A systematic review of interventions for children with cerebral palsy state ...MaradelRocioHuertaTe
This systematic review analyzed 166 studies across 64 interventions for children with cerebral palsy. The studies were rated using several evidence scales. Sixteen percent of outcomes were rated as highly effective ("green light"), 58% as probably effective with monitoring ("yellow light"), 20% as possibly ineffective ("yellow light"), and 6% as ineffective ("red light"). Effective interventions included anticonvulsants, bimanual training, botulinum toxin injections, casting, and occupational therapy after botulinum toxin. However, most evidence was lower quality and some interventions were found to be ineffective. The review provides an overview of the current evidence for cerebral palsy interventions to guide clinical decision-making.
Prevalence of Back Pain among Nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Pla...ijtsrd
This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of back pain among nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital. Back pain is an occupational health challenge being experienced by nurses. Extant literature has established that the nature of nursing work predisposes them to this condition. The work environment is, sometimes, not too nurses’ friendly owing to an interplay of consortium of factors. The study aimed at determining the prevalence, use of back care techniques, and other related factors involved among the nurses working at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. The motivation arose from poor information and data as to the existence of this condition among nurses in the teaching hospital. This was necessary as the information about this would enable them to prepare and guard against the debilitating effects of this condition. A cross sectional research design was employed for the study purpose. Jos University Teaching Hospital was the study setting, nurses constituted the study population. A sample of 225 nurses was drawn from the population of 516 nurses using a multi stage sampling approach. Questionnaire was used to elicit responses on the items contained therein. Convenience sampling technique was adopted in gaining access to the respondents. Ethical prescriptions were adhered to as informed consent was sought, and their withdrawal from participation would not attract any victimization. Data collected were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Findings were presented in table and bar chart. Results of the study shows a high prevalence of back pain among nurses working in JUTH. Findings further demonstrate a relationship between the occupational physical activities and the back pain among nurses. Oluwatoyin A. Ogunyewo | Juliana A Afemikhe "Prevalence of Back Pain among Nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30576.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30576/prevalence-of-back-pain-among-nurses-at-jos-university-teaching-hospital-plateau-state-nigeria/oluwatoyin-a-ogunyewo
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Anxiety among B.Sc. Nursing 1st Ye...YogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive study was undertaken to assess the level of Anxiety towards exposure to hospital environment among B.Sc. Nursing 1st year student at Apex College of Nursing, Varanasi, India. 100 students were selected through convenience sampling technique and data was collected by using beck anxiety inventory scale. Nursing 1st Year Students Regarding Exposure to Hospital Environment in Selected College of Nursing at Varanasi, India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45024.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/45024/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-level-of-anxiety-among-bsc-nursing-1st-year-students-regarding-exposure-to-hospital-environment-in-selected-college-of-nursing-at-varanasi-india/ms-anushi
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module SIM in Ter...YogeshIJTSRD
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYBanicoo PK et al. , 2016 , some factors are known to influence the academic performance of children with Sickle Cell Anaemia SCA . Information on their effects in these children is limited in Nigeria. The factors which influence academic performance of children with SCA in Enugu, Nigeria are determined in this study.Consecutive children with SCA aged 5 11 years were recruited at the weekly sickle cell clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital UNTH Enugu, Nigeria. Their age and sex matched normal classmates were recruited as controls. The total number of days of school absence for 2009 2010 academic session was obtained for each pair of pupils from the class attendance register Sony Verma | Pro. Dr. N. V. Muninarayanappa | Mrs. Ramya Vasanth "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) in Terms of Knowledge Regarding Causes and Remedies for Poor Academic Performance of School Children among the Teachers of Selected Schools at Moradabad" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45076.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/45076/a-study-to-evaluate-the-effectiveness-of-self-instructional-module-sim-in-terms-of-knowledge-regarding-causes-and-remedies-for-poor-academic-performance-of-school-children-among-the-teachers-of-selected-schools-at-moradabad/sony-verma
Ian's UnityHealth 2019 grand rounds suicide preventionIan Dawe
This document discusses suicide prevention and provides an overview of a presentation on the topic. It begins with background on suicide rates in Ontario and challenges with suicide data collection. It then covers contemporary theories of suicide and the disconnect between what is known and current practices. The presentation aims to describe suicide as a broader issue, discuss quality improvement approaches to prevention, and promote the Project Nøw initiative to improve care for those at risk of suicide. Project Nøw is a collaborative effort between healthcare, education, and community sectors in Peel Region, Ontario to develop a coordinated suicide prevention strategy with the goal of preventing all youth suicide.
This systematic review examined 17 peer-reviewed studies from 2006-2016 that measured nurses' preparedness for disaster response. The review found that previous disaster response experience and disaster-related training increased nurses' preparedness. However, most studies reported that nurses felt insufficiently prepared and not confident in their ability to effectively respond to disasters. The findings suggest that nurse educators and administrators should do more to prepare nurses through policies, training, and disaster simulation exercises.
Gender Differences in Motivational Factors towards Medical Career Choiceiosrjce
The present study aims to study motivations of students in choosing the medical profession and
whether these motivations are different, gender wise along with their demographic features. The study was
conducted on 150 students of MIMER Medical College, Pune. Demographic result of the study indicated that
enrolment in medical faculty was more by girls (83) than by boys (67) and majority of students came from
medical family. A primary motivation factor in girls was patient care, interest in science, career opportunity
and personal skills. While in boys it was patient care, interest in science, status –security, self-employment. To
pursue the medical profession other motivating factors was number of attempts in medical entrance exam held,
there was no difference found in both gender statistically. But statistically significance was found gender wise,
in getting encouragement from family, in girls it was more encouragement. Also statistic significance was found
in girls for deciding the career choice before X classes compare to boy students, indicating girls are early
decider
The document discusses various statistical methodologies that can be applied to Ayurveda research, including experimentation, surveys, case-control studies, meta-analysis, survival studies, and time series analysis. It provides an overview of how these methods are currently used in Ayurveda research and highlights some areas that could be improved, such as employing stratification and larger sample sizes. Logistic regression and decision trees are presented as effective analytical techniques for case-control studies.
A systematic review of interventions for children with cerebral palsy state ...MaradelRocioHuertaTe
This systematic review analyzed 166 studies across 64 interventions for children with cerebral palsy. The studies were rated using several evidence scales. Sixteen percent of outcomes were rated as highly effective ("green light"), 58% as probably effective with monitoring ("yellow light"), 20% as possibly ineffective ("yellow light"), and 6% as ineffective ("red light"). Effective interventions included anticonvulsants, bimanual training, botulinum toxin injections, casting, and occupational therapy after botulinum toxin. However, most evidence was lower quality and some interventions were found to be ineffective. The review provides an overview of the current evidence for cerebral palsy interventions to guide clinical decision-making.
Prevalence of Back Pain among Nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Pla...ijtsrd
This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of back pain among nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital. Back pain is an occupational health challenge being experienced by nurses. Extant literature has established that the nature of nursing work predisposes them to this condition. The work environment is, sometimes, not too nurses’ friendly owing to an interplay of consortium of factors. The study aimed at determining the prevalence, use of back care techniques, and other related factors involved among the nurses working at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. The motivation arose from poor information and data as to the existence of this condition among nurses in the teaching hospital. This was necessary as the information about this would enable them to prepare and guard against the debilitating effects of this condition. A cross sectional research design was employed for the study purpose. Jos University Teaching Hospital was the study setting, nurses constituted the study population. A sample of 225 nurses was drawn from the population of 516 nurses using a multi stage sampling approach. Questionnaire was used to elicit responses on the items contained therein. Convenience sampling technique was adopted in gaining access to the respondents. Ethical prescriptions were adhered to as informed consent was sought, and their withdrawal from participation would not attract any victimization. Data collected were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Findings were presented in table and bar chart. Results of the study shows a high prevalence of back pain among nurses working in JUTH. Findings further demonstrate a relationship between the occupational physical activities and the back pain among nurses. Oluwatoyin A. Ogunyewo | Juliana A Afemikhe "Prevalence of Back Pain among Nurses at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30576.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30576/prevalence-of-back-pain-among-nurses-at-jos-university-teaching-hospital-plateau-state-nigeria/oluwatoyin-a-ogunyewo
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Anxiety among B.Sc. Nursing 1st Ye...YogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive study was undertaken to assess the level of Anxiety towards exposure to hospital environment among B.Sc. Nursing 1st year student at Apex College of Nursing, Varanasi, India. 100 students were selected through convenience sampling technique and data was collected by using beck anxiety inventory scale. Nursing 1st Year Students Regarding Exposure to Hospital Environment in Selected College of Nursing at Varanasi, India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45024.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/45024/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-level-of-anxiety-among-bsc-nursing-1st-year-students-regarding-exposure-to-hospital-environment-in-selected-college-of-nursing-at-varanasi-india/ms-anushi
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module SIM in Ter...YogeshIJTSRD
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYBanicoo PK et al. , 2016 , some factors are known to influence the academic performance of children with Sickle Cell Anaemia SCA . Information on their effects in these children is limited in Nigeria. The factors which influence academic performance of children with SCA in Enugu, Nigeria are determined in this study.Consecutive children with SCA aged 5 11 years were recruited at the weekly sickle cell clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital UNTH Enugu, Nigeria. Their age and sex matched normal classmates were recruited as controls. The total number of days of school absence for 2009 2010 academic session was obtained for each pair of pupils from the class attendance register Sony Verma | Pro. Dr. N. V. Muninarayanappa | Mrs. Ramya Vasanth "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) in Terms of Knowledge Regarding Causes and Remedies for Poor Academic Performance of School Children among the Teachers of Selected Schools at Moradabad" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45076.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/45076/a-study-to-evaluate-the-effectiveness-of-self-instructional-module-sim-in-terms-of-knowledge-regarding-causes-and-remedies-for-poor-academic-performance-of-school-children-among-the-teachers-of-selected-schools-at-moradabad/sony-verma
Ian's UnityHealth 2019 grand rounds suicide preventionIan Dawe
This document discusses suicide prevention and provides an overview of a presentation on the topic. It begins with background on suicide rates in Ontario and challenges with suicide data collection. It then covers contemporary theories of suicide and the disconnect between what is known and current practices. The presentation aims to describe suicide as a broader issue, discuss quality improvement approaches to prevention, and promote the Project Nøw initiative to improve care for those at risk of suicide. Project Nøw is a collaborative effort between healthcare, education, and community sectors in Peel Region, Ontario to develop a coordinated suicide prevention strategy with the goal of preventing all youth suicide.
This systematic review examined 17 peer-reviewed studies from 2006-2016 that measured nurses' preparedness for disaster response. The review found that previous disaster response experience and disaster-related training increased nurses' preparedness. However, most studies reported that nurses felt insufficiently prepared and not confident in their ability to effectively respond to disasters. The findings suggest that nurse educators and administrators should do more to prepare nurses through policies, training, and disaster simulation exercises.
Gender Differences in Motivational Factors towards Medical Career Choiceiosrjce
The present study aims to study motivations of students in choosing the medical profession and
whether these motivations are different, gender wise along with their demographic features. The study was
conducted on 150 students of MIMER Medical College, Pune. Demographic result of the study indicated that
enrolment in medical faculty was more by girls (83) than by boys (67) and majority of students came from
medical family. A primary motivation factor in girls was patient care, interest in science, career opportunity
and personal skills. While in boys it was patient care, interest in science, status –security, self-employment. To
pursue the medical profession other motivating factors was number of attempts in medical entrance exam held,
there was no difference found in both gender statistically. But statistically significance was found gender wise,
in getting encouragement from family, in girls it was more encouragement. Also statistic significance was found
in girls for deciding the career choice before X classes compare to boy students, indicating girls are early
decider
The document discusses various statistical methodologies that can be applied to Ayurveda research, including experimentation, surveys, case-control studies, meta-analysis, survival studies, and time series analysis. It provides an overview of how these methods are currently used in Ayurveda research and highlights some areas that could be improved, such as employing stratification and larger sample sizes. Logistic regression and decision trees are presented as effective analytical techniques for case-control studies.
Work–related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Healthcare Workers in a General ...CSCJournals
Background. Musculoskeletal disorders is the most common disease among healthcare workers. Which affects not only the quality of life but also the income, the health, the economy. In Vietnam, there are some research about the MSDs among healthcare workers and the factors affect this problem, especially, the ergonomic factors. Objective. To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers in Cao Bang General Provincial Hospital, Vietnam and determine risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 85 healthcare workers in a general provincial hospital in Vietnam using the Nordic questionnaire and questionnaire. Results. High prevalence of musculoskeletal among healthcare workers during the past 12 months (62.4%) and last 7 days (45.9%), with the two most common sites being low back pain (48.2%) and neck (40%). Gender, work experience, total working hours, night shift work, and stress level showed the association with the MSDs in the past 12 months. Conclusion. Due to the high prevalence of MSDs among healthcare workers in a general provincial hospital, preventive actions are needed to improve the working conditions and to raise the awareness of healthcare workers about MSDs prevention.
A Quasi Experimental Study Comparing Knowledge Regarding Child Abuse among Pa...YogeshIJTSRD
Introduction The future of nation can become bright only if the children are healthy. They need full protection by their full development. Jujhar Singh Maan | Sobana M | Abhishek Yadav "A Quasi-Experimental Study: Comparing Knowledge Regarding Child Abuse among Parents of Children of Experimental and Control Group" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45008.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/45008/a-quasiexperimental-study-comparing-knowledge-regarding-child-abuse-among-parents-of-children-of-experimental-and-control-group/jujhar-singh-maan
The document discusses knowledge management and knowledge translation in emergency medicine. It defines knowledge management as connecting people to information and each other to create new knowledge. The document also explains that knowledge translation is the process of applying research findings to improve healthcare practices and close the gap between what is known and what is done in clinical practice. It provides examples of how knowledge management and translation strategies like multifaceted interventions, education, reminders, and audit and feedback can be applied to implement guidelines and improve processes in an emergency department.
KT research involves studying how to effectively promote the uptake of knowledge into clinical practice. Passive educational activities like conferences are generally ineffective at changing physician behavior, while knowledge translation approaches in the clinical environment using tools like clinical pathways and decision support can impact outcomes. The examples described implemented guidelines for diagnosing pulmonary embolism and increased physician use of electronic resources through a mobile clinical decision support system.
impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing studentsYogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive research design was used to assess the impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students of GNM Ist year at Rohilkhand School of nursing, Bareilly, UP. 50 female nursing students of GNM Ist year were selected through convenient sampling technique. The data were collected by assessment checklist of menstrual symptoms and academic performance. The result showed that28 56 were heavy abdomen cramp during menstruation, 34 68 students were getting anger during their periods,27 54 were having sleep disturbance, 36 72 were reported that they had pelvic pain, 32 64 students were having fatigue tiredness and 28 56 students having irritability during menstruation. The academic performance findings shows that 29 58 were not having interest to go to the college during menstruation33 66 were said that they had a feeling of hesitation to go for practical classes, 27 54 were not having interest to write their examination during menstruation, 28 66 were not able to complete their assignment in time and 26 52 students were having feeling of inferiority during menstruation. There was significant association between menstrual symptoms of abdominal cramps, anger, sleep disturbance, pelvic pain, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, headache, generalized body ache, loss of appetite, nausea vomiting, mood swings, breast tenderness and constipation with their selected baseline data of marital status, duration of menstrual cycle, regularity of menstruation, experience of menstrual symptoms and treatment of menstrual discomfort. The study concluded that that the menstrual symptoms having a major impact on academic performance of female students. So the study findings suggested the students need counseling or related facilities to reduce the effect of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. Preeti Bahuguna | Premlata Singh | Shashi Sagar | Shivani | Simranjeet Kaur "Impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40029.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/40029/impact-of-menstruation-on-academic-performance-among-female-nursing-students/preeti-bahuguna
Simulation-based education is increasingly being used to train technical skills. Current applications include using simulators to improve skills like central line placement and lumbar punctures. Research shows this approach can help address gaps in skills, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs. Future trends may include more targeted simulators for specific specialties or procedures, and expanding training to areas beyond technical skills like communication. Barriers like cost and faculty time may be addressed through self-directed online training modules.
Triangulation research is all about the integration of data, method, investigators, and settings. there is a description of various types of triangulation and their impact on the validity of the results. there is a slight introduction to meta-analysis and systematic review.
This document provides an overview and summary of the Alexander Technique and its potential benefits for aging populations. It discusses several key studies that have explored the impacts of Alexander Technique lessons and instruction on various physical and cognitive measures in older adults. The studies found improvements in measures of balance, mobility, and body awareness in older adults who received 8 to 16 Alexander Technique lessons over 2 to 4 weeks. The document provides definitions of the Alexander Technique and its core concepts. Overall, it suggests that the Alexander Technique may provide mental and physical benefits for older populations by improving posture, movement, and awareness of habitual patterns.
Factors Predicting Health Insurance SatisfactionElisa Lenssen
This study examined factors that influence graduate students' satisfaction with their health insurance plans. A survey of 253 graduate students at Ohio State University found that contextual factors, such as the ability to choose one's own doctor, and enabling factors, like knowledge of the insurance plan and various sources of financial support, were the strongest predictors of satisfaction. Students with more choice of doctors and greater understanding and funding of their plans reported higher satisfaction. The findings suggest policies should aim to decrease students' out-of-pocket costs, increase financial resources, and help students better comprehend their plan provisions in order to improve satisfaction.
The effect of clonidine on peri operative neuromuscular blockade and recoveryAhmad Ozair
Background: Alpha-2-agonists are as used adjunct for anaesthesia. We conducted this study with the aim to determine whether the addition of clonidine, an α-2-agonist, decreases the time to recovery from neuromuscular blockade caused by non-depolarising muscle relaxant. Secondary objectives were to know whether clonidine as an adjuvant improves hemodynamic stability, decreases stress hyperglycaemia, pain and time to discharge from Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Methods: This placebo-controlled clinical trial, enrolled 64 patients into clonidine (n = 32) or placebo (saline) group (n = 32). Study drug was given 1.5 mcg/kg IV bolus at the time of induction followed by infusion (1.5 mcg/kg/hour) intra-operatively. Extubation was started when train-of-four (TOF) count was ≥ 2. Primary outcome measure was time to achieve TOF ratio of ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, assessed at 5, 15, 30- and 60-min intervals following extubation. Results: 2 patients in each group were excluded due to intra-operative requirement of additional supportive medications, hence in each group 30 were analysed. Significant difference was observed between clonidine and placebo groups in terms of time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, stress hyperglycemia, hemodynamic and pain profile, no statistical difference in the Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score between groups. Patients given clonidine required repeat doses of non-depolarising muscle relaxant at longer intervals, with decrease in total amount administered. Clonidine group had a median time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% at 15 min compared to 60 min in placebo group. Conclusion: Clonidine hastens the recovery from neuromuscular block with reduced stress hyperglycaemia and post-operative pain, along with unaffected Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score.
Work Place Issues and Challenges Faced by Women Doctors in Clinical departmentsiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document outlines how the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) uses cost-effectiveness analysis to inform reimbursement decisions in the UK. It discusses NICE's process and how it generally accepts interventions with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of less than £20,000-30,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The document emphasizes the important role of the EQ-5D questionnaire in NICE's decisions by allowing comparison of health outcomes. It addresses issues like collecting EQ-5D data, mapping from other measures, and potential limitations of EQ-5D for certain conditions.
Pediatric Screen Time Review - Journal Club Fatima Farid
Journal club session - review of a study conducted on the effects of screen time on a pediatric population, includes effective paper reviewing strategies.
This document summarizes a systematic review that assessed the effectiveness of aerobic exercise in improving cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The review included 13 studies that investigated the effects of aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise with flexibility/balance training, and walking programs. Most studies found that moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise performed 3 times per week for 12-16 weeks improved scores on the Mini Mental State Exam, indicating improved cognitive function. Moving forward, more research is needed on the optimal intensity of aerobic exercise and use of technologies like sensors in smart homes to monitor patients and progression of dementia.
The study surveyed residents at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) to assess their perceptions of working conditions during residency training. 109 residents responded. They reported unfavorable ratings across several components of their training program, including workload, working hours, work-life balance, income, accommodation, and overall working environment. Specifically, most residents worked over 80 hours per week and could not get enough sleep while on call. They also reported issues with their financial situation and residential facilities. The study aims to identify problems to help improve working conditions and well-being of trainees.
Teaching issues acc and neurotechnology lessons drug preventionJacob Stotler
Teaching Technique: Functional connectivity of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, error awareness and the effects of inhibition on the ACC from drug use / Nuerofeedback approaches to Bio-technologies and bio-engineering.
Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Faci...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Stroke rehabilitation is an organized endeavour to help patients to maximize all opportunities for returning to an active lifestyle. Early intervention in acute stroke rehabilitation plays a major role in restoration of function and reducing the degree of disability and dependence for ADL’s and ambulation. Neuro rehabilitation is a method for relearning a previously learned task in a different way, either by compensatory strategies or by adaptively recruiting alternative pathway. Selection of appropriate and best neuro rehabilitation is critical.OBJECTIVE To compare whether task oriented approach is better than propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functional ambulation of stroke patients.DESIGN Single centre randomized control trial.SETTING Occupational Therapy department, Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Olatpur, Odisha, 754010PARTICIPANTS All participants who fulfill the inclusion criteria randomly assigned to two groups. Following this a baseline assessment of Functional gait assessment scale was done at the beginning of the study.INTERVENTION All participants continued to receive conventional occupational therapy throughout the entire duration of study. Participants received an additional specific intervention one group task oriented approach and the second group PNF approach .Subjects of both the group were provided therapy sessions 45minutes per session 5 days a week for two months.OUTCOME MEASURE Functional Gait Assessment ScaleRESULT From the statistical result of this study, it is seen that there is no significance difference in FGA scale between two groups. This data suggests that TOA and PNF approaches are equally efficacious in treating functional ambulation in stroke patients and there is a significant improvement within the two experimental group.CONCLUSION There has been considerable debate regarding the comparative effectiveness of various treatment approaches with stroke patients. This study is not able to identify any differences between the groups that received Task oriented approach and the group that received Propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment .On the basis of the finding s of this study occupational therapist can consider using either approach in planning treatment for functional ambulation in stroke patients. Rakesh Mahapatra | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Functional Ambulation in Stroke Patients" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38237.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38237/comparison-of-task-oriented-approach-versus-proprioceptive-neuromuscular-facilitation-technique-on-functional-ambulation-in-stroke-patients/rakesh-mahapatra
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on Depression among S...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common and disabling condition that affects over 120 million people worldwide 4 at least one in five people during their lifetime and has a significant impact on health status. While it is usually treated with antidepressants and or psychological therapy, such treatments are not effective in all cases, and increasing attention has recently been given to some alternatives, and to aerobic exercise in particular.OBJECTIVES 1. To assess the pretest and post test level of depression among senior citizens.2. To assess the effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on depression among senior citizens in selected SMCH.3. To associate the post test level of depression among senior citizens with their selected demographic variables.METHODOLOGY Quantitative research approach with experimental research design used to conduct the study in SMCH. Sample size 60. Sample technique Non probability convenient sampling method. Likert scale used to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic exercise among senior citizen in selected SMCH.RESULT The findings of the analysis shows that the demographic variable number of children 2=10.357, p=0.016 had statistically significant association with post test level of depression among senior citizens at p 0.05 level respectively and the other demographic variables had not shown statistically significant association with post test level of depression among senior citizens.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that an aerobic exercise was found to be effective in reducing the level of depression among the senior citizens and it can be used as an alternative to anti depressants for treatment of depression in older persons. Sheela | Vaishali "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on Depression among Senior Citizens in Selected SMCH" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60040.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/60040/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-aerobic-exercise-on-depression-among-senior-citizens-in-selected-smch/sheela
Running head EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING .docxtodd271
Running head: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING 1
EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING 6
Evidence-Based Practices in Nursing
Grand Canyon University
Class: NRS- 433V
Applying the four elements of a statement according to PICOT format helps nursing researchers to formulate a question that would be easier to investigate using Evidence based Process (LoBiondo & Haber, 2017). Regarding elderly persons, is implementing a program to prevent fall with normal care reduce the rate of falls in comparison to normal care? This problem statement follows the PICOT format with the exclusion of time as it is not applicable in this case.
P – In regard to elderly persons who falls
I – Program to prevent fall together with normal care
C – Normal care
O – Reduced rate of falls
Literature Review
1. Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature
Abstract
Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. Every year, an estimated 30–40% of patients over the age of 65 will fall at least once. Falls lead to moderate to severe injuries, fear of falling, loss of independence and death in a third of those patients. The direct costs alone from fall related injuries are a staggering 0.1% of all healthcare expenditures in the United States and up to 1.5% of healthcare costs in European countries. This figure does not include the indirect costs of loss of income both to the patient and caregiver, the intangible losses of mobility, confidence, and functional independence. Numerous studies have attempted to define the risk factors for falls in older adults. The present review provides a summary and update of the relevant literature, summarizing demographic and modifiable risk factors. The major risk factors identified are impaired balance and gait, polypharmacy, and history of previous falls. Other risk factors include advancing age, female gender, visual impairments, cognitive decline especially attention and executive dysfunction, and environmental factors. Recommendations for the clinician to manage falls in older patients are also summarized.
2. The direct costs of fatal and non-fatal falls among older adults — United States
Abstract
This study sought to estimate the incidence, average cost, and total direct medical costs for fatal and non-fatal fall injuries in hospital, ED, and out-patient settings among U.S. adults aged 65 or older in 2012, by sex and age group and to report total direct medical costs for falls inflated to 2015 dollars.
Incidence data came from the 2012 National Vital Statistics System, 2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2012 Health Care Utilization Program National Emergency Department Sample, and 2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Costs for fatal falls were derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web-ba.
Work–related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Healthcare Workers in a General ...CSCJournals
Background. Musculoskeletal disorders is the most common disease among healthcare workers. Which affects not only the quality of life but also the income, the health, the economy. In Vietnam, there are some research about the MSDs among healthcare workers and the factors affect this problem, especially, the ergonomic factors. Objective. To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers in Cao Bang General Provincial Hospital, Vietnam and determine risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 85 healthcare workers in a general provincial hospital in Vietnam using the Nordic questionnaire and questionnaire. Results. High prevalence of musculoskeletal among healthcare workers during the past 12 months (62.4%) and last 7 days (45.9%), with the two most common sites being low back pain (48.2%) and neck (40%). Gender, work experience, total working hours, night shift work, and stress level showed the association with the MSDs in the past 12 months. Conclusion. Due to the high prevalence of MSDs among healthcare workers in a general provincial hospital, preventive actions are needed to improve the working conditions and to raise the awareness of healthcare workers about MSDs prevention.
A Quasi Experimental Study Comparing Knowledge Regarding Child Abuse among Pa...YogeshIJTSRD
Introduction The future of nation can become bright only if the children are healthy. They need full protection by their full development. Jujhar Singh Maan | Sobana M | Abhishek Yadav "A Quasi-Experimental Study: Comparing Knowledge Regarding Child Abuse among Parents of Children of Experimental and Control Group" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45008.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/45008/a-quasiexperimental-study-comparing-knowledge-regarding-child-abuse-among-parents-of-children-of-experimental-and-control-group/jujhar-singh-maan
The document discusses knowledge management and knowledge translation in emergency medicine. It defines knowledge management as connecting people to information and each other to create new knowledge. The document also explains that knowledge translation is the process of applying research findings to improve healthcare practices and close the gap between what is known and what is done in clinical practice. It provides examples of how knowledge management and translation strategies like multifaceted interventions, education, reminders, and audit and feedback can be applied to implement guidelines and improve processes in an emergency department.
KT research involves studying how to effectively promote the uptake of knowledge into clinical practice. Passive educational activities like conferences are generally ineffective at changing physician behavior, while knowledge translation approaches in the clinical environment using tools like clinical pathways and decision support can impact outcomes. The examples described implemented guidelines for diagnosing pulmonary embolism and increased physician use of electronic resources through a mobile clinical decision support system.
impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing studentsYogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive research design was used to assess the impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students of GNM Ist year at Rohilkhand School of nursing, Bareilly, UP. 50 female nursing students of GNM Ist year were selected through convenient sampling technique. The data were collected by assessment checklist of menstrual symptoms and academic performance. The result showed that28 56 were heavy abdomen cramp during menstruation, 34 68 students were getting anger during their periods,27 54 were having sleep disturbance, 36 72 were reported that they had pelvic pain, 32 64 students were having fatigue tiredness and 28 56 students having irritability during menstruation. The academic performance findings shows that 29 58 were not having interest to go to the college during menstruation33 66 were said that they had a feeling of hesitation to go for practical classes, 27 54 were not having interest to write their examination during menstruation, 28 66 were not able to complete their assignment in time and 26 52 students were having feeling of inferiority during menstruation. There was significant association between menstrual symptoms of abdominal cramps, anger, sleep disturbance, pelvic pain, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, headache, generalized body ache, loss of appetite, nausea vomiting, mood swings, breast tenderness and constipation with their selected baseline data of marital status, duration of menstrual cycle, regularity of menstruation, experience of menstrual symptoms and treatment of menstrual discomfort. The study concluded that that the menstrual symptoms having a major impact on academic performance of female students. So the study findings suggested the students need counseling or related facilities to reduce the effect of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. Preeti Bahuguna | Premlata Singh | Shashi Sagar | Shivani | Simranjeet Kaur "Impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40029.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/40029/impact-of-menstruation-on-academic-performance-among-female-nursing-students/preeti-bahuguna
Simulation-based education is increasingly being used to train technical skills. Current applications include using simulators to improve skills like central line placement and lumbar punctures. Research shows this approach can help address gaps in skills, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs. Future trends may include more targeted simulators for specific specialties or procedures, and expanding training to areas beyond technical skills like communication. Barriers like cost and faculty time may be addressed through self-directed online training modules.
Triangulation research is all about the integration of data, method, investigators, and settings. there is a description of various types of triangulation and their impact on the validity of the results. there is a slight introduction to meta-analysis and systematic review.
This document provides an overview and summary of the Alexander Technique and its potential benefits for aging populations. It discusses several key studies that have explored the impacts of Alexander Technique lessons and instruction on various physical and cognitive measures in older adults. The studies found improvements in measures of balance, mobility, and body awareness in older adults who received 8 to 16 Alexander Technique lessons over 2 to 4 weeks. The document provides definitions of the Alexander Technique and its core concepts. Overall, it suggests that the Alexander Technique may provide mental and physical benefits for older populations by improving posture, movement, and awareness of habitual patterns.
Factors Predicting Health Insurance SatisfactionElisa Lenssen
This study examined factors that influence graduate students' satisfaction with their health insurance plans. A survey of 253 graduate students at Ohio State University found that contextual factors, such as the ability to choose one's own doctor, and enabling factors, like knowledge of the insurance plan and various sources of financial support, were the strongest predictors of satisfaction. Students with more choice of doctors and greater understanding and funding of their plans reported higher satisfaction. The findings suggest policies should aim to decrease students' out-of-pocket costs, increase financial resources, and help students better comprehend their plan provisions in order to improve satisfaction.
The effect of clonidine on peri operative neuromuscular blockade and recoveryAhmad Ozair
Background: Alpha-2-agonists are as used adjunct for anaesthesia. We conducted this study with the aim to determine whether the addition of clonidine, an α-2-agonist, decreases the time to recovery from neuromuscular blockade caused by non-depolarising muscle relaxant. Secondary objectives were to know whether clonidine as an adjuvant improves hemodynamic stability, decreases stress hyperglycaemia, pain and time to discharge from Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Methods: This placebo-controlled clinical trial, enrolled 64 patients into clonidine (n = 32) or placebo (saline) group (n = 32). Study drug was given 1.5 mcg/kg IV bolus at the time of induction followed by infusion (1.5 mcg/kg/hour) intra-operatively. Extubation was started when train-of-four (TOF) count was ≥ 2. Primary outcome measure was time to achieve TOF ratio of ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, assessed at 5, 15, 30- and 60-min intervals following extubation. Results: 2 patients in each group were excluded due to intra-operative requirement of additional supportive medications, hence in each group 30 were analysed. Significant difference was observed between clonidine and placebo groups in terms of time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, stress hyperglycemia, hemodynamic and pain profile, no statistical difference in the Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score between groups. Patients given clonidine required repeat doses of non-depolarising muscle relaxant at longer intervals, with decrease in total amount administered. Clonidine group had a median time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% at 15 min compared to 60 min in placebo group. Conclusion: Clonidine hastens the recovery from neuromuscular block with reduced stress hyperglycaemia and post-operative pain, along with unaffected Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score.
Work Place Issues and Challenges Faced by Women Doctors in Clinical departmentsiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document outlines how the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) uses cost-effectiveness analysis to inform reimbursement decisions in the UK. It discusses NICE's process and how it generally accepts interventions with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of less than £20,000-30,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The document emphasizes the important role of the EQ-5D questionnaire in NICE's decisions by allowing comparison of health outcomes. It addresses issues like collecting EQ-5D data, mapping from other measures, and potential limitations of EQ-5D for certain conditions.
Pediatric Screen Time Review - Journal Club Fatima Farid
Journal club session - review of a study conducted on the effects of screen time on a pediatric population, includes effective paper reviewing strategies.
This document summarizes a systematic review that assessed the effectiveness of aerobic exercise in improving cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The review included 13 studies that investigated the effects of aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise with flexibility/balance training, and walking programs. Most studies found that moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise performed 3 times per week for 12-16 weeks improved scores on the Mini Mental State Exam, indicating improved cognitive function. Moving forward, more research is needed on the optimal intensity of aerobic exercise and use of technologies like sensors in smart homes to monitor patients and progression of dementia.
The study surveyed residents at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) to assess their perceptions of working conditions during residency training. 109 residents responded. They reported unfavorable ratings across several components of their training program, including workload, working hours, work-life balance, income, accommodation, and overall working environment. Specifically, most residents worked over 80 hours per week and could not get enough sleep while on call. They also reported issues with their financial situation and residential facilities. The study aims to identify problems to help improve working conditions and well-being of trainees.
Teaching issues acc and neurotechnology lessons drug preventionJacob Stotler
Teaching Technique: Functional connectivity of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, error awareness and the effects of inhibition on the ACC from drug use / Nuerofeedback approaches to Bio-technologies and bio-engineering.
Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Faci...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Stroke rehabilitation is an organized endeavour to help patients to maximize all opportunities for returning to an active lifestyle. Early intervention in acute stroke rehabilitation plays a major role in restoration of function and reducing the degree of disability and dependence for ADL’s and ambulation. Neuro rehabilitation is a method for relearning a previously learned task in a different way, either by compensatory strategies or by adaptively recruiting alternative pathway. Selection of appropriate and best neuro rehabilitation is critical.OBJECTIVE To compare whether task oriented approach is better than propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functional ambulation of stroke patients.DESIGN Single centre randomized control trial.SETTING Occupational Therapy department, Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Olatpur, Odisha, 754010PARTICIPANTS All participants who fulfill the inclusion criteria randomly assigned to two groups. Following this a baseline assessment of Functional gait assessment scale was done at the beginning of the study.INTERVENTION All participants continued to receive conventional occupational therapy throughout the entire duration of study. Participants received an additional specific intervention one group task oriented approach and the second group PNF approach .Subjects of both the group were provided therapy sessions 45minutes per session 5 days a week for two months.OUTCOME MEASURE Functional Gait Assessment ScaleRESULT From the statistical result of this study, it is seen that there is no significance difference in FGA scale between two groups. This data suggests that TOA and PNF approaches are equally efficacious in treating functional ambulation in stroke patients and there is a significant improvement within the two experimental group.CONCLUSION There has been considerable debate regarding the comparative effectiveness of various treatment approaches with stroke patients. This study is not able to identify any differences between the groups that received Task oriented approach and the group that received Propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment .On the basis of the finding s of this study occupational therapist can consider using either approach in planning treatment for functional ambulation in stroke patients. Rakesh Mahapatra | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Functional Ambulation in Stroke Patients" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38237.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38237/comparison-of-task-oriented-approach-versus-proprioceptive-neuromuscular-facilitation-technique-on-functional-ambulation-in-stroke-patients/rakesh-mahapatra
Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Faci...
Similar to A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Balance Exercise on Risk of Fall Prevention among Older People in Selected Old Age Homes at Purba Medinipur, West Bengal Pilot Study
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on Depression among S...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common and disabling condition that affects over 120 million people worldwide 4 at least one in five people during their lifetime and has a significant impact on health status. While it is usually treated with antidepressants and or psychological therapy, such treatments are not effective in all cases, and increasing attention has recently been given to some alternatives, and to aerobic exercise in particular.OBJECTIVES 1. To assess the pretest and post test level of depression among senior citizens.2. To assess the effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on depression among senior citizens in selected SMCH.3. To associate the post test level of depression among senior citizens with their selected demographic variables.METHODOLOGY Quantitative research approach with experimental research design used to conduct the study in SMCH. Sample size 60. Sample technique Non probability convenient sampling method. Likert scale used to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic exercise among senior citizen in selected SMCH.RESULT The findings of the analysis shows that the demographic variable number of children 2=10.357, p=0.016 had statistically significant association with post test level of depression among senior citizens at p 0.05 level respectively and the other demographic variables had not shown statistically significant association with post test level of depression among senior citizens.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that an aerobic exercise was found to be effective in reducing the level of depression among the senior citizens and it can be used as an alternative to anti depressants for treatment of depression in older persons. Sheela | Vaishali "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise on Depression among Senior Citizens in Selected SMCH" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60040.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/60040/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-aerobic-exercise-on-depression-among-senior-citizens-in-selected-smch/sheela
Running head EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING .docxtodd271
Running head: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING 1
EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES IN NURSING 6
Evidence-Based Practices in Nursing
Grand Canyon University
Class: NRS- 433V
Applying the four elements of a statement according to PICOT format helps nursing researchers to formulate a question that would be easier to investigate using Evidence based Process (LoBiondo & Haber, 2017). Regarding elderly persons, is implementing a program to prevent fall with normal care reduce the rate of falls in comparison to normal care? This problem statement follows the PICOT format with the exclusion of time as it is not applicable in this case.
P – In regard to elderly persons who falls
I – Program to prevent fall together with normal care
C – Normal care
O – Reduced rate of falls
Literature Review
1. Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature
Abstract
Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. Every year, an estimated 30–40% of patients over the age of 65 will fall at least once. Falls lead to moderate to severe injuries, fear of falling, loss of independence and death in a third of those patients. The direct costs alone from fall related injuries are a staggering 0.1% of all healthcare expenditures in the United States and up to 1.5% of healthcare costs in European countries. This figure does not include the indirect costs of loss of income both to the patient and caregiver, the intangible losses of mobility, confidence, and functional independence. Numerous studies have attempted to define the risk factors for falls in older adults. The present review provides a summary and update of the relevant literature, summarizing demographic and modifiable risk factors. The major risk factors identified are impaired balance and gait, polypharmacy, and history of previous falls. Other risk factors include advancing age, female gender, visual impairments, cognitive decline especially attention and executive dysfunction, and environmental factors. Recommendations for the clinician to manage falls in older patients are also summarized.
2. The direct costs of fatal and non-fatal falls among older adults — United States
Abstract
This study sought to estimate the incidence, average cost, and total direct medical costs for fatal and non-fatal fall injuries in hospital, ED, and out-patient settings among U.S. adults aged 65 or older in 2012, by sex and age group and to report total direct medical costs for falls inflated to 2015 dollars.
Incidence data came from the 2012 National Vital Statistics System, 2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2012 Health Care Utilization Program National Emergency Department Sample, and 2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Costs for fatal falls were derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web-ba.
This study investigated whether older adults living in assisted living communities could experience successful aging. 200 participants aged 52-100 from 8 assisted living facilities in North Carolina completed questionnaires measuring successful aging, life satisfaction, depression, and sense of purpose. The results showed lower depression scores and higher successful aging scores. Women tended to experience more successful aging than men. The study provides evidence that older adults in assisted living can age successfully with preventative healthcare measures and support services. Larger, more diverse studies could further explore factors promoting successful aging.
Fall risk assessments are an important part of outpatient physical therapy. Many patients referred to physical therapy have conditions that increase their risk of falling, such as joint replacements, strokes, or neurological disorders. Physical therapists use several tests to evaluate patients' balance, stability, and proprioception, including the Berg Balance Scale, Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up and Go test. However, some patients may "ceiling out" or not show enough change on these basic tests to continue receiving therapy despite still being at risk for falls. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) was developed to better identify functional balance issues and justify continued care for high-risk patients.
This document summarizes information from several sources about falls in older adults. It discusses statistics on falls from the CDC, including that one third of adults over 65 fall each year. It reviews assessment tools for evaluating fall risk such as the Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up and Go test. It also summarizes research studies on identifying fall risk factors and developing effective fall screening and prevention programs for older adult patients.
This document summarizes information from several sources about falls in older adults. It discusses statistics on falls from the CDC, including that one third of adults over 65 fall each year. It reviews assessment tools for evaluating fall risk such as the Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up and Go test. It also summarizes research studies on identifying fall risk factors and developing effective fall screening and prevention programs for older adult patients.
A Study on Mental Health and Wellbeing of IT Professionals doing Night Shift ...ijtsrd
The purpose of the current study was the mental health and well being of IT professionals working night shifts. Mental health is a state of mental health that includes both subjective health and the ability to work effectively with others. Health is the state of complete physical, mental and social well being of an individual, and mental health is the physical, mental and It is a state that allows for maximum emotional development. Night shifts can cause a variety of problems for employees, from social isolation to disruptive sleep patterns that negatively impact health. Maintaining regular sleep, exercise, healthy eating habits, and changing your non sleep schedule to make the most of your home, family and social life can help alleviate some, but not all, problems. Investigators chose a descriptive study design and therefore the sampling method chosen in this study was non probability sampling. In this study, researchers used a targeted sampling method to collect data from respondents. A sample size of 60 was collected using an interview design. As a result, 60 respondents had moderate levels of mental health and well being, 23 had high levels of mental health and well being, and 17 had low levels. I have found that I have levels of mental health and happiness, levels of mental health and well being. Dr. P. Natarajan | Ms. Swetha. C "A Study on Mental Health and Wellbeing of IT Professionals doing Night Shift Work” in Coimbatore District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55061.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/medicine/other/55061/a-study-on-mental-health-and-wellbeing-of-it-professionals-doing-night-shift-work”-in-coimbatore-district/dr-p-natarajan
· Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program. (2015) Colleen McIlvennan, Zubin Eapen, Larry Allen. Larry. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circulationaha.114.010270 (Links to an external site.)
·
Hospital Readmissions Re
duction Program. (2015) Colleen McIlvennan, Zubin Eapen, Larry Allen.
Larry.
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circulationaha.114.010270
(Links to
an
external site.)
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program. (2015) Colleen McIlvennan, Zubin Eapen, Larry Allen.
Larry. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circulationaha.114.010270 (Links to an
external site.)
Running Heading - Critical Appraisal 1
2
CRITICAL APPRAISAL
KARANVIR KAUR
Grand Canyon University
NRS-433V
May 24, 2020
Quantitative Studies
Introduction
Fall prevention in nursing and long-term care facilities for older and vulnerable population remains critical issue better health care results for millions of aged people. In this article make a critical appraisal of two quantitative research studies in relation to addressing the PICOT question in the study of falls among adults based on the research critique guidelines.
Backgrounds
In their study, Albert, assessed the quality and importance of using non-randomized study is for principal prevention of fall for older adults. Albert also gave information about the current models in falls prevention Is all depend on the use of both secondary and other strategies that increased risk of falls. This article is most significantly to the nursing practice all the nurses work in the long term and rehabilitation nursing care facilities that deal with the elderly adults who are very highly risk to the falls. Comment by Melissa Reedy: Include the date of the publication in () Comment by Melissa Reedy: Significant
Be sure to either use the writing center of GCU or download Grammarly to help you proof read your papers so that your sentences are complete and flow well.
In this study, Albert identify the lack of research on the effectiveness of these strategies. Through the development of a non-randomized trial in the state of Pennsylvania, the researcher Comment by Melissa Reedy: Identifies
Question for the study was, does a combination of education on falls and screening as well as referrals reduce risk factors for falls among the target population. Comment by Melissa Reedy: No need to capitalize
The second quantitve study by Alvarez how the falls can be reduced by the all the vulnerable and older populat.
A study on knowledge and practice of post menopausal womenAlexander Decker
The document discusses a study on the knowledge and practices of post-menopausal women in rural Karnataka regarding health maintenance. The study found that 75% of subjects had good overall knowledge, but their practices of breast self-examination and Kegel exercises were very poor, with average scores below 1%. While knowledge of preventing osteoporosis was high, knowledge of cancer prevention was average. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and practices. The study concludes that lifestyle changes, calcium/vitamin D intake, and health screenings are important for post-menopausal health but are lacking in the community.
A study on knowledge and practice of post menopausal womenAlexander Decker
The document discusses a study on the knowledge and practices of post-menopausal women in rural Karnataka regarding health maintenance. The study found that 75% of subjects had good overall knowledge, but their practices of breast self-examination and Kegel exercises were very poor, with average scores below 1%. While knowledge of preventing osteoporosis was high, knowledge of cancer prevention was average. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and practices. The study concludes that lifestyle changes, calcium/vitamin D intake, and health screenings are important for post-menopausal health but are lacking in the community.
The document examines three research articles on fall prevention among the elderly and discusses their levels of evidence. Article one presents a quantitative study evaluating the impact of a clinical supervision model on fall risk, which is rated a level III evidence. Article two evaluates the impact of an educational intervention program on fall prevention and is also rated level III evidence. Article three examines the prediction of post-stroke falls using balance assessments and is rated level II evidence. The levels of evidence are based on the study designs and whether randomization was used.
Background: Adolescent is one of the most rapid phases of human development. Anemia is a deficiency in the number of RBC in your body. RBC carry oxygen around your body using a particular protein called hemoglobin. Normal hemoglobin level in adolescent girls 13-15 g/dl. According to WHO, the hemoglobin level 10- 11.9 g/dl is considered mild anemia, 7-9 g/dl is considered moderate, and less than 7 g/dl is called severe anemia. Methods: The present study is pre-experimental among 60 adolescent girls, using a disproportional stratified random technique. One experimental group of clients was selected without randomization and no control group was used. The data was collected by using the structured close-ended knowledge questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics regarding mean, frequency distribution, percentage, paired table t-test and chi-square test. Results: The overall findings reveal that the post-test knowledge mean score 26.24% with SD±5.94, which was 72% of the total score was more when compared to the pre-test knowledge mean score 12.98 with SD 5.94, which was 36.83% of total score. The calculated t-value of 24.91 was much higher than the table t-value 1.96 for the hypothesis. Conclusion: The study provides that VATP on knowledge regarding the preparation and use of moringa juice in managing anemia among adolescent girls was the scientific, logical and cost-effective strategy.
Key-words: Adolescent girls, Knowledge, VATP, Effectiveness, Socio-demographic variables.
Effectiveness of Stretch Interventions for Children With Neuromuscular Disabi...Sarah Craig
This systematic review examined the effectiveness of stretch interventions for children with neuromuscular disabilities. Sixteen studies were included, with sample sizes ranging from 14 to 1110 participants. The studies evaluated casting, orthoses, passive stretching, and supported standing programs. Low-grade evidence suggests casting can temporarily increase ankle range of motion. Orthoses may improve gait parameters while worn. Supported standing programs may improve bone mineral density. However, there is limited evidence stretch interventions benefit body functions and structures. The evidence is also inconclusive regarding whether stretching prevents contractures or impacts activity or participation. Overall, the methodological quality of included studies was poor.
Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Fac...ijtsrd
Objectives This current study was carried out to evaluate the level of physical activity PA among undergraduate students of faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya. Materials and methods This was a cross sectional study which was conducted at Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Data was collected through a self administered questionnaire International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form IPAQ SF and total of 231 students responded. Prior to the data collection, informed written consent was taken from the students. Main outcome measures MET value Metabolic Equitant Results The mean total MET of the population indicated that of ‘moderate physical activity level’. Comparing four study years 4th year to 1st year , total MET level was gradually declining from 1st year to 4th year though there were no statistically significant relationship found. PA level was moderate in all the degree programs but the values were different. In relation to sex, males were predominant in all the MET categories. According to the BMI category, normal weighted students were presented with higher values for MET categories compared with others. Conclusion All the students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya were moderately physically active with higher percentages of walking MET minutes week in all the variables. PA score is gradually declined from first year to final year. RAD students were more physically active among all five degree programs. Male students and normal weighted students had higher PA scores respectively for sex category and BMI category. Senarath MKID | Thalwaththe STRD | Tennakoon SUB "Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38609.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38609/evaluation-of-the-physical-activity-level-among-undergraduate-students-of-faculty-of-allied-health-sciences-university-of-peradeniya/senarath-mkid
fall prevention (Motivational physical activity program (MPAP) for fall preve...PandurangChavan11
This document describes a proposed Motivational Adaptive Physical Activity Programme (MAPAP) for fall prevention among elderly people in New Zealand. The programme would be community-based and use behavioral change models to motivate elderly individuals to participate in physical activities to improve strength, balance, and flexibility through group sessions. A three-stage intervention approach is outlined involving pre-assessment, adaptive physical activity sessions, and post-evaluation. The goal is to reduce falls and fall-related injuries among the elderly population to improve quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice of Mensural Hygiene among Adoles...ijtsrd
AIM the present study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of mensural hygiene among adolescent’s girls at school. METHODS AND MATERIALS A quantitative research design was used for the present study. A total 100 samples were collected using non probability purposive sampling technique. The demographic variable and level of knowledge mensural hygiene was assessed using structured questioner followed by that data was gathered and analyzed. RESULTS the results the study revealed that there is a significant association between level of knowledge with selected demographic among adolescents at the level of p 0.01 CONCLUSION Thus, the present despites that factors associated with level of among adolescents. Mrs. M. Kavitha | Ms. Roshna P Sabu | Ms. Sherly Anand "A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice of Mensural Hygiene among Adolescents Girls at School" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52559.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/52559/a-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-and-practice-of-mensural-hygiene-among-adolescents-girls-at-school/mrs-m-kavitha
18Falls in The Long-Term Care SettingsNayaris ReyeAnastaciaShadelb
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Falls in The Long-Term Care Settings
Nayaris Reyes
Florida National University
June 12, 2021
Brief Literature Review
The elderly in the long-term care facilities are typically predisposed to falling and might fall for various reasons. Some predisposing factors might be related to unsteady balance and gait, poor vision, weak muscles, dementia, and medications. In addition, various medical conditions, including stroke, low blood pressure, brain disorders, and poorly managed epilepsy, might increase older people's risk for falls (Golmakani et al., 2014). Therefore, several studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of multi-factorial interventions on the occurrence of falls in long-term care settings, including psycho-geriatric nursing home patients. Based on the clinical study, it was concluded that various multi-factorial interventions used in preventing falls such as a general medical assessment emphasizing falls, specific fall risk evaluation devices, assessing medication intake, fall history, and mobility, using protective and assistive aids play a significant role in reducing the incidence of falls among the elderly (Ungar et al., 2013). Accordingly, it was evident that fall prevention, usually geared towards psycho-geriatric patients in a long-term care facility, is possible and efficient in minimizing falls among older people.
Other researchers carried out a study in developing a fall prevention program for the aged patients in long-term care entities, especially those at risk of falling, by increasing caregiving expertise or skills and motivating staff members. From the analysis, exercise programs encompassing warm-up, muscle reinforcement, especially in the lower extremities, and proprioceptive neuromuscular expedition are used in increasing motivation and caregiving skills (Donath et al., 2016). Another research conducted to evaluate the statistics of falls among the elderly found out that falls are the leading cause of injury-interrelated visits to emergency facilities in the U.S. They are also the primary etiology of accidental deaths in persons aged 60 and above. From the analysis, falls might be markers of diminishing function and poor health and are significantly attributable to morbidity.
To assess the risk factors related with falls among the older people in the long-term care facilities, it was realized that more than 25% of facility-dwelling older individuals and 60% of nursing home residents fall yearly (Pfortmueller et al., 2014). Various risk factors linked to their falls are medication use, increasing age, sensory deficits, and cognitive impairment. Studies depict that older persons who have fallen must undergo a thorough clinical evaluation (within the facilities) to analyze the preventive strategies further. This will aid in determining and treating the underlying cause of their falls, return them to baseline function, and minimize the likelihood of recurrent falls (Karlsson et al., 20 ...
Similar to A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Balance Exercise on Risk of Fall Prevention among Older People in Selected Old Age Homes at Purba Medinipur, West Bengal Pilot Study (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
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The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
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Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
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Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Balance Exercise on Risk of Fall Prevention among Older People in Selected Old Age Homes at Purba Medinipur, West Bengal Pilot Study
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 256
more than 60 years. However, Asia is home to 60% of the
world’s population, and has the fastest aging population of
any region in the world. There is a need for a strong
preventive approach to minimize the risk of falls and
associated injuries as countries’ aging populations grow2.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS:
H1: There will be a significant difference between post-test
score and pre-test score after giving balance exercise
on prevention of fall.
H2: There will be a significant association between level of
balance and gait test score of older people with their
selected demographic variables.
ASSUMPTION:-
The study is based on the following assumption.
Balance exercise is animportantmeasuretopreventfall.
Old age people (60-80)years may have someknowledge
on balance exercise.
Balance exercise programme may be improve the
muscle strength.
DELIMITATIONS:-
The present study is delimited to:
Old age people (60-80 years) residing in old age home
Purba Medinipur.
Those who are able to understand bengali language.
Period of data collection 1 month
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH APPROACH AND DESIGN
Research approach used for this study was quantitative
approach based on using statistical techniques to evaluate
the effectiveness of balance exercise on risk of fall
prevention among older people.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:-
“The presumed cause is referred to as the independent
variable.” The independent variable is the condition or
characteristic manipulated by the researcher. An
independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is
manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an
effect on the dependent variable.
In this study the independent variable is balance
exercise.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE:-
“The presumed effect is referred to as the dependent
variable.” The dependent variable usuallyisthevariable
the researcherisinterestedinunderstanding,explaining
or predicting.
Dependent variable is response, behavior or outcome
that the researcher wants to predict or explain.
In this study the dependent variable is fall prevention.
POPULATION, SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHINQUE
This study was conducted in in selected older age home at
purba medinipur, west bengal. (Amar seva sanga Old age
Home, Santosh Promoda Old Age Home). The selection of
sample done by using simple random sampling based on
envelope computer generated list of old age people (60 -80
yrs) in old age home. For the present study consist of 88 old
age people. (Experimental group- 44 and control group-44).
Figure No 1: Schematic Diagram of Research Design
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 257
SELECTION CRITERIA:-
Inclusion criteria:-
1. Older people of both gender.
2. The older people age 60 yr to 80 yr.
3. The older people who were available during the period of study.
4. The older people who were willing to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria:-
1. The people who were critically ill. history of CVA , fracture, parkinson disease, cardiovascular disease, cataracts, hearing
loss, dizziness, depression and Alzheimer's disease.
2. People with restricted limb movement.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD & TOOL:-
In this study socio demographic data tool, Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment are used to observe the study
accurately. Based on the objectives of the study, socio demographic data tool, Tinetti performance oriented mobility
assessment is prepared to evaluate the risk of fall prevention among old age people.
The tool is composed of section A: socio demographic data tool and section B: Tinetti performance oriented mobility
assessment. Second draft of tool was selected.
SECTION A: SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA TOOL:-
The investigator constructed this tool to collect the demographic data of the study subjects and to identify the influence of
sample characteristics with the evaluated the risk of fall prevention. It consists of 8 items, which composed of age, sex,marital
status, educational status, occupational status, BMI, health insurance.
SECTION B: Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment
Description: The Tinetti assessment tool is an easily administered task-oriented test that measures an older adult’s gait and
balance abilities.
Equipment needed: Hard armless chair
Stopwatch or wristwatch
15 ft walkway
Time: 10-15 minutes
Scoring: A three-point ordinal scale, ranging from 0-2. “0” indicates the highest level of impairment and “2” the individuals
independence.
Total Balance Score = 16
Total Gait Score = 12
Total Test Score = 28
Interpretation: 25-28 = low fall risk
19-24 = medium fall risk
< 19 = high fall risk
PILOT STUDY:-
After obtaining the permission of the old age home pilot study was carried out at vivekananda oldagehome,purba medinipur,
west bengal. This old age home to find the feasibility of the study on10olderpeople.Thesubjectsforthepilotstudyprossessed
the same characteristic as that of the sample for the main study.Theparticipant where informedaboutthepurpose ofthestudy
and consent was taking from the participated and the investigator did not faced any kind of problem. Based on the outcomeof
the study this pilot study was feasible and continued the main study.
DATA COLLECTION:-
Date collection was carried out from 27/7/2020 to 28/8/2020 after getting CTRI registration number. Formal written
permission was taken from the authority of old age home, purba medinipur, west Bengal to conduct main study. Researcher
collects the data by explaining the purpose of the study to each subject. Computergeneratedrandom numberlistusedtoselect
the sample from the population as per inclusion criteria.Informedconsentwastaken.Thesamplesweregiven balanceexercise
for daily 2 time, with each training session lasting 5 mints to the experimental group and routine work ware given to control
group.
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:-
Permission was obtained from the authority of old age home (Amar seva sanga).
Informed consent was obtained from the individual older people.
Pre test was done by using POMA tool to assess effectiveness of fall prevention among both group.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 258
Balance exercise was given daily 2 time, with each training session lasting 5 min among experimental group for 4 weeks.
Post test was conducted with the same tool after 4 weeks among both the group.
After post test data were analyzed.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION:-
Permission was obtained from the regional authority for conducting this study.
A formal permission taken from the authority of the selected older age home, purbe medinipur, west benagl.
Permission was obtained from institutional ethical committee in KIMS, PBMH, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar.
Figure No.3: SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF RESEARCH Figure
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Findings related to demographic characteristics of participants
Section-1: Characteristics of Socio-demographic variables of the older people.
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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Table no-1.1: Frequency and percentage distribution of age in experimental and control group
Table 1.1 Age distribution
Variable Classification
Group 1
(n=44)(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)(Control) Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Age
60-70 22 50 28 63.6 50 56.8 X2=1.667
p=0.197
71-80 22 50 16 36.4 38 43.2
Table 1.1: shows that out of 88 sample subjects, 50 (56.8%) and 38 (43.2%) were in the age group of 60-70 years and 71-80
years age group. In the exprimental group , the sample is distributed equally among 60-70 and 71-80 years age group whilein
control group the corresponding proportion are 63.3% and 36.4%. The distribution of age in the experimental and control
group did not have significant association (p=0.197). The difference may be due to chance because of sampling fluctuation.
Graph 1 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of age group
Table no-1.2: Frequency and percentage distribution of gender in experimental and control group
Table 2 Gender distribution
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)(Experimental) Group 2 (n=44)(Control) Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Gender
Male 23 52.3 22 50 45 51.1 X2=0.045
p=0.831
Female 21 47.7 22 50 43 48.9
Table 1.2: shows that the overall sample subjects are evenly distributed according to male and female with 51.1% males and
48.9% females. In the exprimental group and control group the genderdistributionisapproximatelyevenanddid nothaveany
significant association (p=0.831).
Graph 2 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of gender group
Table no-1.3: Frequency and percentage distribution of BMI in experimental and control group
Table 3 Distribution of BMI
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)
(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)
(Control)
Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
BMI
Under weight (<18.5) 5 11.4 3 6.8 8 9.1
X2=0.722
p=0.868
Normal weight (18.5-24.9) 23 52.3 25 56.8 48 54.5
Over weight (25-29.9) 11 25 10 22.7 21 23.9
Obesity (≥30) 5 11.4 6 13.6 11 12.5
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Table 1.3: shows that present distribution of BMI by groups. BMI classified into four groups i.e. under weight (<18.5 kg/m2),
normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m 2), over weight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m 2). In exprimental group,outof44cases
5 (11.4%) were under weight, 23 (52.3%) were normal weight, 11 (25%) were over weight and 5 (11.4%) were obese. In
control group, out of 44 cases, 3 (6.8%) were under weight, 25 (56.8%) were normal weight,10(22.7%)wereoverweightand
6 (13.6%) were obese. There was no significant association of the BMI with groups(p=0.868).
Graph 3 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of BMI group
Table no-1.4: Frequency and percentage distribution of Marital status in experimental and control group
Table 4 Distribution of Marital status
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)
(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)
(Control)
Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Marital
status
Married 11 25 8 18.2 19 21.6
X2=0.610
p=0.894
Unmarried 14 31.8 15 34.1 29 33
Divorcee 11 25 12 27.3 23 26.1
Widowed 8 18.2 9 20.5 17 19.3
Table 1.4: shows that present distribution of marital status by groups. In exprimental group, out of 44 cases 11 (25%) were
both in married and divorcee, 14 (31.8%) were unmarried and 8 (18.2%) were widowed. In control grou2, 8 (18.2%) were
married, 15 (34.1%) were unmarried, 12 (27.3%) were divorce and 9 (20.5%) were widowed. There was no significant
association of the marital status with groups (p=0.894).
Graph 4 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of Marital status group
Table no-1.5: Frequency and percentage distribution of Education status in experimental and control group
Table 5 Distribution of Educational status
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)
(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)
(Control)
Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Illiterate 5 11.4 4 9.1 9 10.2
X2=0.454
p=0.978
Primary School 16 36.4 18 40.9 34 38.6
High School 11 25 10 22.7 21 23.9
Graduate 7 15.9 8 18.2 15 17
Post Graduate 5 11.4 4 9.1 9 10.2
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Table 1.5: shows that overall there were 10.2% post graduate, 17% graduate, 23.9% high school, 38.6% primary school and
10.2% illiterate subjects. The distribution of sample subjects by education did not differsignificantlyinexprimental groupand
control group (p=0.978).
Graph 5 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of Educational status group
Table no-1.6: Frequency and percentage distribution of Occupational status in experimental and control group
Table 6 Occupational status by groups
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)
(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)
(Control)
Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Occupational
status
Retired with Pension 9 20.5 10 22.7 19 21.6 X2=0.067
p=0.796
Retired without Pension 35 79.5 34 77.3 69 78.4
Table 1.6: shows that the sample of elderly people were divided into two groups, retired with pension and retired without
pension. Only 21.6% of the sample subjects were pension holders and remaining 78.4% were without pension. The
classification as retired with pension and retired without pension did not have significant association with group (p=0.796).
Graph 6 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of occupational status group
Table no-1.7: Frequency and percentage distribution of Health insurance in experimental and control group
Variable Classification
Group 1 (n=44)
(Experimental)
Group 2 (n=44)
(Control)
Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
Health
insurance
Accidental fall covered 23 52.3 22 50 45 51.1 X2=0.045
p=0.831
21 47.7 22 50 43 48.9
Table 1.7: shows that it is classified into two groups i.e. accident fall covered and not coveredunderhealthinsurance.Outof88
cases, among 45 (51.1%) the accident fall was covered and remaining 43 (48.9%) were not covered under health insurance.
There was no significant association between coverage of accident fall under health insurance and the groups (p=0.831).
8. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 262
Graph 7 Bar diagram showing the percentage distribution of heath insurance group
Section-2: Effectiveness of balance exercises on prevention of fall among the older people.
Table 2.1: Comparison of pre and post test fall risk within Control Group
Fall risk
Pre test (n=44) Post test (n=44)
No. % No. %
<19 high 29 65.9 29 65.9
19-24 medium 10 22.7 10 22.7
25-28 low 5 11.4 5 11.4
Marginal Homogeneity Test 'p' value 1.000
Table 2.1: shows that indicated that in the pre test condition there were 65.9% cases withhighfall risk,22.7%mediumfall risk
and 11.4% low fall risk in control group. At the post test there was no change in the corresponding proportion (p=1.000).
Graph 8 Bar diagram showing the comparison of pre and post test fall risk within Control group
Table 2.2: Comparison of pre and post test fall risk within
Fall risk
Pre test (n=44) Post test (n=44)
No. % No. %
<19 high 29 65.9 8 18.2
19-24 medium 10 22.7 13 29.5
25-28 low 5 11.4 23 52.3
Marginal Homogeneity Test 'p' value 0.000
Experimental group
Table 2.2 shows that indicated that in the pre test condition there were 65.9% cases with high fall risk, 22.7%mediumfall risk
and 11.4% low fall risk in experimental group. At the post testthatisafteradministeringthebalance exerciseonfall prevention
it was found that the high fall risk as reduced 18.2% and low fall risk has increased to 52.3%. This implied a significant
improvement in reducing the fall risk (p=0.000).
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@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 263
Graph 9 Bar diagram showing the comparison of pre and post test fall risk within Experimental group
Table 2.3: Comparison of Pre and Post test fall score between groups
Total score
Group 1 (n=44)(Experimental) Group 2 (n=44)(Control)
p' value*
Mean(SD) Median(IQR) Mean(SD) Median(IQR)
Pre test 17.0(4.1) 16(14,19) 16.9(4.1) 16(14,19) 0.778
Post test 23.1(3.0) 24(20,26) 16.9(4.1) 16(14,19) 0.000
Mann-WhitneyU 'p' value
Table 2.3: shows that present comparison of pre test and post test fall score between group 1 and group 2. The mean pre test
score in group 1 was 17.0 ± 4.1 and median score 16 (IQR: 4-1) and the corresponding mean and median of group 2 was 16.9
4.1 and 16 (IQR: 14-19) respectively. There was no significant difference of pre test fall score between the two groups
(p=0.778).
Graph 10 Bar diagram showing the comparison of Pre and Post test fall score between groups
Table 2.4: Comparison of pre test total score between two groups
Descriptive statistics Group 1 (Experimental) Group 2(Control)
N 44 44
Mean 17.0 16.9
SD 4.1 4.1
Q1 (1stQuartile) 14 14
Q2 (Median) 16 16
Q3 (3rdQuartile) 19 19
Mann-Whitney U 'p' value 0.778
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@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 264
Table 2.4: shows that present comparison of pre test total score between two groups. In exprimental groupmeanpretesttotal
score was 17.0 ± 4.1 and median 16 (IQR: 14-19) and in control group mean total score was 16.9 ± 4.1andmedian16(IQR:14-
19). There was no significant difference in the pre test total score between the two groups (p=0.778).
Graph 11 Bar diagram showing the comparison of pre test total score between two groups
Table 2.5: Comparison of post test total score between two groups
Descriptive statistics Group 1 (Experimental) Group 2(Control)
N 44 44
Mean 23.1 16.9
SD 3.0 4.1
Q1 (1stQuartile) 20 14
Q2 (Median) 24 16
Q3 (3rdQuartile) 26 19
Mann-Whitney U 'p' value 0.000
Table 2.5: shows that present comparison of post-test total score between two groups. In exprimental group mean post-test
total score was 23.1 ± 3.0 and median 24 (IQR: 20-26) and in control group mean total score was 16.9 ± 4.1 and median 16
(IQR: 14-19). The mean and median post test total score was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 (p=0.000).
Graph 12 Bar diagram showing the comparison of post test total score between two groups
Significant difference between post-test score and pre-test score aftergivingbalance exerciseonpreventionoffall.Inmystudy
H1 is accepted and H2 is rejected.
Section-3: Association between the level of balance and gait test score of fall prevention with their selected
demographic variables.
Table no.3.1: Association of Pre test fall risk by groups
Pre test fall risk
Group 1 (n=44)(Experimental) Group 2 (n=44)(Control) Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
<19 high fall risk 29 65.9 29 65.9 58 65.9
X2=0.000
p=1.000
19-24 medium fall risk 10 22.7 10 22.7 20 22.7
25-28 low fall risk 5 11.4 5 11.4 10 11.4
Table 3.1: shows that Pre test fall risk is classified into 3 categories based upon the fall score. The score <19 is termed as high
fall risk, 19-24 as medium fall risk and 25-28 low fall risk. Overall it is found that 58 (65.9%), 20 (22.7%) and 10(11.4%)were
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in high fall risk, medium fall risk and low fall risk respectively. Both the groups did not have any association with pre test fall
risk (p=1.000). This implied both the groups are matched at the pre test level and therefore will give valid comparison of post
test fall risk.
Graph 13 Bar diagram showing the pre test fall risk by groups
Table no.3.2: Association of Post test fall risk by groups
Post test fall score
Group 1 (n=44)(Experimental) Group 2 (n=44)(Control) Total (n=88)
X2, p
No. % No. % No. %
<19 high fall risk 8 18.2 29 65.9 37 42
X2=23.882
p=0.000
19-24 medium fall risk 13 29.5 10 22.7 23 26.1
25-28 low fall risk 23 52.3 5 11.4 28 31.8
Table 3.2: shows that present the association of post test fall risk with groups. Inthegroup1i.e. experimental group,8(18.2%)
cases were high fall risk, 13 (29.5%) medium fall risk and 23 (52.3%) low fall risk. In the control group (group 2), 29 (65.9%)
were high fall risk, 10 (22.7%) medium fall risk and 5 (11.4%) low fall risk. In the experimental group the high fall risk is very
low and low fall risk is very high in comparison to control group. The difference was highly significant (p=0.000). Thisimplied
the balance exercise on fall prevention is highly effective.
Graph 14 Bar diagram showing the post test fall risk by groups
Significant association between level of balance and gait test score of older people with their selected demographic variables.
H2 is accepted and H1 is rejected.
The mean post test score in experimental group was 23.1 ± 3.0 and median score 24 (IQR: 20-26)andthecorrespondingmean
and median of group 2 was 16.9 ± 4.1 and 16 (IQR: 14-19) respectively. There was significant difference of post test fall score
between the two groups (p=0.000). This implied the fall risk has significantly reduced in experimental groups.
DISCUSSION
The present study shows that majority of cases i.e. 56.8%
and 43.2% were 60-70 years and 71- 80 years older people
in exprimental group. 51.1% males and 48.9% female in
expreimental group. Majority of cases i.e. 11.4% under
weight, 52.3% normal weight, 25% over weight and 11.4%
obese in expreimental group. With respect to marital status
i.e. 25% married and divorcee, 31.8% unmarried and 18.2%
widowed in expreimental group. Majority of casesi.e.10.2%
post graduate, 17% graduate, 23.9% high school, 38.6%
primary school and 10.2% illiterate in expreimental group.
Majority of cases i.e. 21.6% pension holders and 78.4%
without pension in expreimental group. Majorityofcasesi.e.
51.1% the accident fall was covered and remaining 48.9%
were not covered under health insurance. Majority of cases
i.e. effectiveness of balance exercise indicated that inthe pre
test condition there were 65.9% cases with high fall risk,
22.7% medium fall risk and 11.4% low fall risk in control
group. Majority of cases i.e effectiveness of balance exercise,
indicated that in the pre test condition there were 65.9%
12. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38386 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 266
cases with high fall risk, 22.7% medium fall risk and 11.4%
low fall risk in experimental group. Majority of cases i.e that
58 (65.9%), 20 (22.7%) and 10 (11.4%) were in high fall
risk, medium fall risk and low fall risk respectively. Majority
of cases i.e that 18.2% cases were high fall risk, 29.5%
medium fall risk and 52.3% low fall risk in exprimental
group. Majority of cases i.e that mean pre testscore was17.0
± 4.1 and median score 16 (IQR: 4-1) respectively in
exprimental group. Majority of cases i.e that mean pre test
total score was 17.0 ± 4.1 and median 16 (IQR: 14-19) in
exprimental group. Majority of cases i.e that mean post-test
total score was 23.1 ± 3.0 and median 24 (IQR: 20-26) in
exprimental group. Majority of cases i.e. that the pre test
score found that 58 (65.9%), 20 (22.7%) and 10 (11.4%)
were in high fall risk, medium fall risk and low fall risk
respectively in exprimental group. Majority of cases i.e. that
the post test score found that 8 (18.2%) cases were high fall
risk, 13 (29.5%) medium fall risk and 23 (52.3%) low fall
risk in exprimental group.
SUMMARY:
The finding of the study revealed that effect of balance
exercise. So, care giver can be trained in use of balance
exercise to provide to the older people .For assessing long
term effect, it is recommended to take up another long term
study by controlling more variables. Further research is
suggested to confirm the finding of the current study.
CONCLUSION
How ironic that twenty five centuries later we are
rediscovering and proving thorough the modern science,
that older people’s frame of mind and perception of disease
predict their treatment success. When we comfort a older
people, we may be doing more than consoling him or her.
The finding of the present study conclude that the results of
the present study support its hypothesis and revealed that
balance exercise were effective in reducing the fall rate and
increase the balance and gait score among 60 to 80 older
people. It was observed by POMA tool. Data were analyzed
through descriptive and inferential statistics.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY:
The investigator has drawn the following implications from
the findings of this study, which are of vital concern to the
field of nursing practice, nursing education, nursing
administration and nursing research.
Nursing practice:
Nurses are playing a vital role in implementing the balance
exercise among older people for fall prevention.
Nursing Education:
Intervention can be taught to the students to reduce fall
risk among older people.
Nurse educator can use the findings of the study to
introduce the topic as a demonstration as a part of basic
nursing course.
Nursing administration:
With the technological advances and ever growing
challenges of nursing, the nurse administrator have
responsibility to provide the nurses with substantive
continual education and care full observation.
Nursing research:
The result of the study and the intervention can
contribute to the body of nursing knowledge.
Future investigator can use the finding and the
methodology for reference material.
Another study can be done with large samples.
Other researcher can conduct further studies in the
same field can utilize the suggestion and
recommendation.
RECOMMENDATION:
On the basis of this study the following recommendation
have been made.
A similar study can be replicated on large sample in
different setting to strengthen the findings.
Further research can be carried out to identify the
occurrence of fall prevention by adopting different
sampling technique.
A study can be conducted to assess the factors which
improve in balance.
Further research is suggested to confirm the findings of
the current study.
LIMITATIONS:
The study results can not be generalized because of
following reason:
4 weeks observation is too short for the effectiveness of
the therapy.
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