The document analyzes the economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India's GDP from 1999-2009. It compares Tamil Nadu to India's four largest economies on metrics like NSDP, tax revenues, and human development indicators. Tamil Nadu has shown strong and consistent growth in its GSDP and NSDP over the years. An analysis of sectoral growth shows agriculture, industry, and services have all contributed significantly to Tamil Nadu's GDP. The state's per capita income has grown and remains higher than the all-India average. Overall, the analysis finds Tamil Nadu has been one of India's top state economies.
The document summarizes several key characteristics of the Indian economy:
1) It has a low per capita income of around $720 in 2005, with excessive dependence on agriculture and primary activities that engage a large proportion of the population.
2) It has a high rate of population growth that has led to chronic unemployment and underemployment problems.
3) It suffers from a poor rate of capital formation, low levels of technology, underutilization of natural resources, lack of infrastructure, and inadequate development of economic organizations.
growth and pattern of industrialization in indiavriddhee Goel
This document discusses the growth and patterns of industrialization in India post-independence. It covers several topics:
1. The period from 1951-1995 saw India establish its industrial base, with slow growth from 1965-1976 and recovery from 1976-1995.
2. Since 1991, India introduced new industrial policies and faced factors slowing growth from 1996-2002 and 2007-2012.
3. Manufacturing makes up the largest share of the economy at 75.53%, followed by mining and electricity. Industries are also classified based on the goods they produce and their ownership structure.
4. The manufacturing sector has seen changes in shares of different industries and rising capital intensity over time. Employment growth in organized manufacturing
An appraisal of economic reforms in India in 1991 periodHarshagrawal1996
An appraisal view/ analysis of economic reforms during 1991 industrial reforms period in India. Change in Indian Economy after LPG reforms 1991 with data. Suitable for all purposes. Main topics with detial are- Goals of Economic Reforms. GDP growth and Poverty Reduction. GDP growth and Employment Growth Rate. Improvement in industrial relations. Increase in productivity and Real Wage earnings. Neglect of Agriculture. Reforms and Industrial Growth. Performance of Public Sector. Economic reforms and inflation. Growth in infrastructure. Foreign trade and balance of payment. Foreign Investment. Regional Disparities. Social Infrastructure and Human Development. Conclusion
Here is a draft clause to address the issue of bogus Khadi units operating in India and claiming rebates from the Government of India under the existing Industrial Policy of India:
To promote authentic Khadi production and curb the operation of bogus Khadi units, the following measures shall be introduced:
1. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) will establish strict criteria for Khadi production units to be recognized as authentic producers eligible for Government rebates and incentives. These may include parameters around raw material sourcing, production processes, record keeping, etc.
2. All existing and new Khadi production units must register with KVIC and satisfy the recognition criteria to be able to claim any
The slide contains all about the union budget of republic of india in a single ppt. it is important for exams like UPSC, SSC, STATE PSC , RAILWAY, and many other exams in india.
The document discusses India's history of economic planning through five-year plans since 1951. It outlines the objectives and focus of each five-year plan such as promoting industrialization, agriculture, poverty alleviation, and self-reliance. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to coordinate and execute the plans aimed at equitable resource use, economic growth, and reducing economic disparities across regions. Each successive plan targeted higher GDP growth rates with varying degrees of achievement.
The document summarizes several key characteristics of the Indian economy:
1) It has a low per capita income of around $720 in 2005, with excessive dependence on agriculture and primary activities that engage a large proportion of the population.
2) It has a high rate of population growth that has led to chronic unemployment and underemployment problems.
3) It suffers from a poor rate of capital formation, low levels of technology, underutilization of natural resources, lack of infrastructure, and inadequate development of economic organizations.
growth and pattern of industrialization in indiavriddhee Goel
This document discusses the growth and patterns of industrialization in India post-independence. It covers several topics:
1. The period from 1951-1995 saw India establish its industrial base, with slow growth from 1965-1976 and recovery from 1976-1995.
2. Since 1991, India introduced new industrial policies and faced factors slowing growth from 1996-2002 and 2007-2012.
3. Manufacturing makes up the largest share of the economy at 75.53%, followed by mining and electricity. Industries are also classified based on the goods they produce and their ownership structure.
4. The manufacturing sector has seen changes in shares of different industries and rising capital intensity over time. Employment growth in organized manufacturing
An appraisal of economic reforms in India in 1991 periodHarshagrawal1996
An appraisal view/ analysis of economic reforms during 1991 industrial reforms period in India. Change in Indian Economy after LPG reforms 1991 with data. Suitable for all purposes. Main topics with detial are- Goals of Economic Reforms. GDP growth and Poverty Reduction. GDP growth and Employment Growth Rate. Improvement in industrial relations. Increase in productivity and Real Wage earnings. Neglect of Agriculture. Reforms and Industrial Growth. Performance of Public Sector. Economic reforms and inflation. Growth in infrastructure. Foreign trade and balance of payment. Foreign Investment. Regional Disparities. Social Infrastructure and Human Development. Conclusion
Here is a draft clause to address the issue of bogus Khadi units operating in India and claiming rebates from the Government of India under the existing Industrial Policy of India:
To promote authentic Khadi production and curb the operation of bogus Khadi units, the following measures shall be introduced:
1. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) will establish strict criteria for Khadi production units to be recognized as authentic producers eligible for Government rebates and incentives. These may include parameters around raw material sourcing, production processes, record keeping, etc.
2. All existing and new Khadi production units must register with KVIC and satisfy the recognition criteria to be able to claim any
The slide contains all about the union budget of republic of india in a single ppt. it is important for exams like UPSC, SSC, STATE PSC , RAILWAY, and many other exams in india.
The document discusses India's history of economic planning through five-year plans since 1951. It outlines the objectives and focus of each five-year plan such as promoting industrialization, agriculture, poverty alleviation, and self-reliance. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to coordinate and execute the plans aimed at equitable resource use, economic growth, and reducing economic disparities across regions. Each successive plan targeted higher GDP growth rates with varying degrees of achievement.
The agriculture sector employs nearly half of the workforce in the country. However, it contributes to 17.5% of the GDP (at current prices in 2015-16).Agriculture sector’s contribution has decreased from more than 50% of GDP in the 1950s to 15.4% in 2015-16 (at constant prices). This slides discuss about Indian agriculture status and problems and solutions.
India has traditionally been an agrarian society, with agriculture and allied sectors forming the backbone of the economy. Key aspects of the agriculture and allied sectors in India include: (1) India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally. (2) India is the twelfth largest agricultural exporter worldwide. (3) Between 1950-51 and 2016-17, food grain production in India grew nearly 6 times, demonstrating significant growth in the agriculture sector.
This document discusses the classification and distribution of economic sectors in Kerala and India. It notes that the tertiary sector, which includes services, contributes the largest share to the economy of both Kerala (66-71%) and India (68%). The primary sector, including agriculture, contributes 14-20% in Kerala and 18% in India. The secondary sector, including manufacturing, contributes 20% in Kerala and 14-18% in India. It also provides data on poverty levels, showing that Kerala has a much lower percentage of population below the poverty line than all of India.
The document discusses key features of India's economic system when it was an underdeveloped country and as it transitioned to becoming a developing country. As an underdeveloped country, India had low per capita income, inequitable income distribution, high poverty rates, a predominant agricultural sector, rapid population growth, unemployment, and technological backwardness. However, over time India saw quantitative gains like rising national income and per capita income. There were also structural changes like a shifting sectoral distribution of domestic product, slow employment changes, and growth in capital goods and financial industries.
Monetary Policy Effectiveness of monetary policy to combat inflation: India e...MD SALMAN ANJUM
This document discusses the effectiveness of monetary policy tools used by the Reserve Bank of India to combat inflation. It outlines several tools available to the RBI including increasing the cash reserve ratio and statutory liquidity ratio, conducting open market operations by selling government securities, and increasing policy rates like the repo rate and bank rate. These actions help reduce the money supply in the economy and thereby lower aggregate demand, reducing inflationary pressures. Causes of inflation discussed include excess aggregate demand and cost-push supply factors. Sectors of the Indian economy and poverty levels over time are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses key aspects of social infrastructure in India including education, health, and water/sanitation. It notes that education is essential for development and human capital formation. It provides statistics on India's education sector such as literacy rates increasing from 52.2% to 74% from 1991-2012. The document also discusses the importance of health for productivity and economic growth. It provides health expenditure statistics for India. Finally, it discusses how access to clean water and sanitation creates opportunities and economic growth, and notes global access statistics.
Presentation on capital fromation in agricultureMukund Kulkarni
This document discusses capital formation in agriculture in Gulbarga District. It defines capital formation as additions to capital stock like equipment and buildings. Capital formation consists of tangible and intangible goods and human capital. The study aims to analyze investment patterns, identify capital sources, assess variability between progressive and less progressive areas, and identify influencing factors. A key finding is that population growth is the main factor influencing capital formation levels.
The role and growth of public sector in indiaRidHìmá Arórä
Here is the division of the listed public services between Central Government and Local Government control:
Central Government:
- The armed forces
- Justice Service
- Prison Service
Local Government:
- Recycling
- Provision of parks or open spaces.
- Housing
- Social Service
- Local Library
- Police
Monetary policy involves regulating money supply and interest rates to achieve macroeconomic stability goals like low inflation and unemployment. The central bank determines monetary policy using tools that expand or contract the money supply. Expanding money supply and lowering rates stimulates demand during recessions, while contracting money and raising rates curbs demand to control inflation. Measuring indicators like money supply, inflation rates, and interest rates helps central banks determine appropriate monetary policy decisions.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the Indian economy in 2011-12. It summarizes the key findings of the annual Economic Survey presented to Parliament, including a slowdown in GDP growth to 6.9% due to weak industrial growth, high inflation that has begun to decline, and a likely fiscal deficit slippage. It also discusses developments in agriculture, industry, fiscal policy, prices, trade and the global economic challenges faced by India.
This document provides an overview of India's Export-Import (EXIM) policy. It begins with definitions of key terms like EXIM and foreign trade policy. It then discusses the brief history and objectives of India's EXIM policy. It provides details on important documents in the Indian EXIM policy and trends in India's imports and exports before and after the 1990s. The document also summarizes key aspects of India's EXIM policies from 2009-2014 and 2015-2020, including targets, legal framework, general provisions, special focus initiatives, promotional measures, duty exemption schemes, and the Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme.
This document discusses monetary policy and fiscal policy in India. It defines monetary policy as steps taken by the Reserve Bank of India to regulate money supply, credit availability, and interest rates. The objectives of monetary policy include full employment, price stability, economic growth, and balance of payments stability. Tools of monetary policy discussed include bank rate, cash reserve ratio, open market operations, and selective credit controls. Fiscal policy is defined as the government's tax and spending policies. The objectives of fiscal policy are to influence aggregate demand and achieve economic goals like employment and investment. Types of fiscal policy tools covered are tax policy, government expenditure, and public borrowing.
The document discusses infrastructure development in India and analyzes the Union Budget for 2010-11. It provides details of projected investment in infrastructure sectors in the 11th Five Year Plan period. Key highlights include a projected total investment of $515 billion with the largest allocations to electricity, roads, and telecom. The budget increased allocation to sectors like roads and power but also imposed some taxes that may increase costs. Overall, the document finds that while the budget boosted some infrastructure sectors, increased taxes could negatively impact profitability of related industries.
This document provides an overview of economic resources and population issues in India. It discusses:
1. The main economic resources of India including land, forests, water, and minerals. It outlines the types and uses of these resources.
2. Concepts related to population like demographic transition, birth and death rates, and factors influencing population growth in India such as development progress and social/cultural practices.
3. The interrelation between population growth and economic development, how high population can strain resources and slow capital formation, but some argue population growth is not inherently an obstacle.
4. India's population policies and family planning programs aimed at stabilizing population growth to support sustainable development.
The document discusses key aspects of the Indian Union Budget. It defines the budget as an annual financial statement of estimated receipts and expenditures according to the Indian Constitution. It describes how the budget is classified into revenue and capital budgets, with revenue budget covering tax/non-tax revenues and expenditures for services, and capital budget covering receipts from loans and capital expenditures. It also outlines the budget formulation, enactment, execution, and legislative review processes.
Role of make in india in economic developmentNEETHU S JAYAN
The document provides an overview of India's "Make in India" initiative launched in 2014 to encourage companies to manufacture products in India. It aims to increase manufacturing's contribution to GDP from 15% to 25% and generate jobs. Key sectors targeted include automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, chemicals and others. Pillars of the initiative include new processes, infrastructure, sectors and mindset. Potential impacts include increased foreign investment, GDP growth, and job opportunities, though there are also risks like loss of agricultural land and challenges for small entrepreneurs.
The document discusses the different models of economic growth pursued in India since independence. It begins by describing the Nehru-Mahalanobis model which emphasized rapid development of heavy industry to create an industrial base and self-reliance. This was later supplemented by the Gandhian model focusing on agriculture and small industries for employment. Finally, the Rao-Manmohan model introduced in 1991 focused on liberalization, privatization and globalization.
This document summarizes the history and structure of the Indian economy. It discusses three phases of economic development: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. The colonial period negatively impacted the economy through exploitation of resources. Currently, the economy has primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors and faces challenges like inflation, infrastructure issues, and debt. However, with continued reforms and growth, India is projected to become one of the largest economies globally by 2035.
The document provides an overview of Tamil Nadu's economy and key sectors. Some of the highlights include:
- Tamil Nadu's GSDP grew at a CAGR of 11.68% between 2004-05 and 2015-16, reaching US$ 175.33 billion in 2015-16.
- The state has a diversified industrial base with a strong presence in sectors like automobiles, textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and IT.
- Tamil Nadu aims to increase infrastructure investment significantly under its Vision 2023 plan to achieve a per capita income of US$ 10,000.
- The state has well-developed infrastructure and a skilled workforce to support its industries and attract further investment.
Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India located on the southeastern tip of the Indian peninsula. It has a long history and was home to ancient Tamil cultures and kingdoms. The state has a diverse geography ranging from forests and hills to coastlines and fertile plains. It has a tropical climate and receives both winter and summer rainfall. Tamil Nadu has a robust economy and is one of the most industrialized states in India, supported by resources like forests, rivers, and mineral deposits. The state has a unicameral legislative assembly and is divided into districts, corporations, and other local administrative units.
The agriculture sector employs nearly half of the workforce in the country. However, it contributes to 17.5% of the GDP (at current prices in 2015-16).Agriculture sector’s contribution has decreased from more than 50% of GDP in the 1950s to 15.4% in 2015-16 (at constant prices). This slides discuss about Indian agriculture status and problems and solutions.
India has traditionally been an agrarian society, with agriculture and allied sectors forming the backbone of the economy. Key aspects of the agriculture and allied sectors in India include: (1) India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally. (2) India is the twelfth largest agricultural exporter worldwide. (3) Between 1950-51 and 2016-17, food grain production in India grew nearly 6 times, demonstrating significant growth in the agriculture sector.
This document discusses the classification and distribution of economic sectors in Kerala and India. It notes that the tertiary sector, which includes services, contributes the largest share to the economy of both Kerala (66-71%) and India (68%). The primary sector, including agriculture, contributes 14-20% in Kerala and 18% in India. The secondary sector, including manufacturing, contributes 20% in Kerala and 14-18% in India. It also provides data on poverty levels, showing that Kerala has a much lower percentage of population below the poverty line than all of India.
The document discusses key features of India's economic system when it was an underdeveloped country and as it transitioned to becoming a developing country. As an underdeveloped country, India had low per capita income, inequitable income distribution, high poverty rates, a predominant agricultural sector, rapid population growth, unemployment, and technological backwardness. However, over time India saw quantitative gains like rising national income and per capita income. There were also structural changes like a shifting sectoral distribution of domestic product, slow employment changes, and growth in capital goods and financial industries.
Monetary Policy Effectiveness of monetary policy to combat inflation: India e...MD SALMAN ANJUM
This document discusses the effectiveness of monetary policy tools used by the Reserve Bank of India to combat inflation. It outlines several tools available to the RBI including increasing the cash reserve ratio and statutory liquidity ratio, conducting open market operations by selling government securities, and increasing policy rates like the repo rate and bank rate. These actions help reduce the money supply in the economy and thereby lower aggregate demand, reducing inflationary pressures. Causes of inflation discussed include excess aggregate demand and cost-push supply factors. Sectors of the Indian economy and poverty levels over time are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses key aspects of social infrastructure in India including education, health, and water/sanitation. It notes that education is essential for development and human capital formation. It provides statistics on India's education sector such as literacy rates increasing from 52.2% to 74% from 1991-2012. The document also discusses the importance of health for productivity and economic growth. It provides health expenditure statistics for India. Finally, it discusses how access to clean water and sanitation creates opportunities and economic growth, and notes global access statistics.
Presentation on capital fromation in agricultureMukund Kulkarni
This document discusses capital formation in agriculture in Gulbarga District. It defines capital formation as additions to capital stock like equipment and buildings. Capital formation consists of tangible and intangible goods and human capital. The study aims to analyze investment patterns, identify capital sources, assess variability between progressive and less progressive areas, and identify influencing factors. A key finding is that population growth is the main factor influencing capital formation levels.
The role and growth of public sector in indiaRidHìmá Arórä
Here is the division of the listed public services between Central Government and Local Government control:
Central Government:
- The armed forces
- Justice Service
- Prison Service
Local Government:
- Recycling
- Provision of parks or open spaces.
- Housing
- Social Service
- Local Library
- Police
Monetary policy involves regulating money supply and interest rates to achieve macroeconomic stability goals like low inflation and unemployment. The central bank determines monetary policy using tools that expand or contract the money supply. Expanding money supply and lowering rates stimulates demand during recessions, while contracting money and raising rates curbs demand to control inflation. Measuring indicators like money supply, inflation rates, and interest rates helps central banks determine appropriate monetary policy decisions.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the Indian economy in 2011-12. It summarizes the key findings of the annual Economic Survey presented to Parliament, including a slowdown in GDP growth to 6.9% due to weak industrial growth, high inflation that has begun to decline, and a likely fiscal deficit slippage. It also discusses developments in agriculture, industry, fiscal policy, prices, trade and the global economic challenges faced by India.
This document provides an overview of India's Export-Import (EXIM) policy. It begins with definitions of key terms like EXIM and foreign trade policy. It then discusses the brief history and objectives of India's EXIM policy. It provides details on important documents in the Indian EXIM policy and trends in India's imports and exports before and after the 1990s. The document also summarizes key aspects of India's EXIM policies from 2009-2014 and 2015-2020, including targets, legal framework, general provisions, special focus initiatives, promotional measures, duty exemption schemes, and the Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme.
This document discusses monetary policy and fiscal policy in India. It defines monetary policy as steps taken by the Reserve Bank of India to regulate money supply, credit availability, and interest rates. The objectives of monetary policy include full employment, price stability, economic growth, and balance of payments stability. Tools of monetary policy discussed include bank rate, cash reserve ratio, open market operations, and selective credit controls. Fiscal policy is defined as the government's tax and spending policies. The objectives of fiscal policy are to influence aggregate demand and achieve economic goals like employment and investment. Types of fiscal policy tools covered are tax policy, government expenditure, and public borrowing.
The document discusses infrastructure development in India and analyzes the Union Budget for 2010-11. It provides details of projected investment in infrastructure sectors in the 11th Five Year Plan period. Key highlights include a projected total investment of $515 billion with the largest allocations to electricity, roads, and telecom. The budget increased allocation to sectors like roads and power but also imposed some taxes that may increase costs. Overall, the document finds that while the budget boosted some infrastructure sectors, increased taxes could negatively impact profitability of related industries.
This document provides an overview of economic resources and population issues in India. It discusses:
1. The main economic resources of India including land, forests, water, and minerals. It outlines the types and uses of these resources.
2. Concepts related to population like demographic transition, birth and death rates, and factors influencing population growth in India such as development progress and social/cultural practices.
3. The interrelation between population growth and economic development, how high population can strain resources and slow capital formation, but some argue population growth is not inherently an obstacle.
4. India's population policies and family planning programs aimed at stabilizing population growth to support sustainable development.
The document discusses key aspects of the Indian Union Budget. It defines the budget as an annual financial statement of estimated receipts and expenditures according to the Indian Constitution. It describes how the budget is classified into revenue and capital budgets, with revenue budget covering tax/non-tax revenues and expenditures for services, and capital budget covering receipts from loans and capital expenditures. It also outlines the budget formulation, enactment, execution, and legislative review processes.
Role of make in india in economic developmentNEETHU S JAYAN
The document provides an overview of India's "Make in India" initiative launched in 2014 to encourage companies to manufacture products in India. It aims to increase manufacturing's contribution to GDP from 15% to 25% and generate jobs. Key sectors targeted include automobiles, aviation, biotechnology, chemicals and others. Pillars of the initiative include new processes, infrastructure, sectors and mindset. Potential impacts include increased foreign investment, GDP growth, and job opportunities, though there are also risks like loss of agricultural land and challenges for small entrepreneurs.
The document discusses the different models of economic growth pursued in India since independence. It begins by describing the Nehru-Mahalanobis model which emphasized rapid development of heavy industry to create an industrial base and self-reliance. This was later supplemented by the Gandhian model focusing on agriculture and small industries for employment. Finally, the Rao-Manmohan model introduced in 1991 focused on liberalization, privatization and globalization.
This document summarizes the history and structure of the Indian economy. It discusses three phases of economic development: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. The colonial period negatively impacted the economy through exploitation of resources. Currently, the economy has primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors and faces challenges like inflation, infrastructure issues, and debt. However, with continued reforms and growth, India is projected to become one of the largest economies globally by 2035.
The document provides an overview of Tamil Nadu's economy and key sectors. Some of the highlights include:
- Tamil Nadu's GSDP grew at a CAGR of 11.68% between 2004-05 and 2015-16, reaching US$ 175.33 billion in 2015-16.
- The state has a diversified industrial base with a strong presence in sectors like automobiles, textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and IT.
- Tamil Nadu aims to increase infrastructure investment significantly under its Vision 2023 plan to achieve a per capita income of US$ 10,000.
- The state has well-developed infrastructure and a skilled workforce to support its industries and attract further investment.
Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India located on the southeastern tip of the Indian peninsula. It has a long history and was home to ancient Tamil cultures and kingdoms. The state has a diverse geography ranging from forests and hills to coastlines and fertile plains. It has a tropical climate and receives both winter and summer rainfall. Tamil Nadu has a robust economy and is one of the most industrialized states in India, supported by resources like forests, rivers, and mineral deposits. The state has a unicameral legislative assembly and is divided into districts, corporations, and other local administrative units.
Child labor is a significant issue in the Dharmapuri district of Tamil Nadu, India. UNICEF has classified child labor into three categories: work within the family, work within but outside the family, and work outside the family. Factors that contribute to child labor in the region include poverty, parental illiteracy, lack of access to education, social acceptance of the practice, and employers preferring cheap child labor. Efforts to address the issue involve improving economic conditions, promoting education access, enforcing labor laws, and raising awareness through community organizations and NGOs.
Manufacturing planning and self inspection in pharmaceutical industriesSumita Sahoo
This document discusses manufacturing planning and self-inspection in the pharmaceutical industry. It begins by introducing manufacturing planning, noting its importance in efficiently managing material flow, equipment utilization, and responding to customer demand. It then discusses factors like customer demand for quality, agile competition, and technology impacts that drive changes in manufacturing. The document outlines elements of manufacturing planning like routing, scheduling, and dispatching. It also discusses the importance of aspects like initial planning, process design review, and validating measurement systems for quality. The document then introduces self-inspection, noting its objectives to improve compliance and quality. It discusses criteria for self-inspections including covering all GMP aspects and having qualified inspection teams.
Uttarakhand has experienced strong economic growth in recent years. The document provides the following key details about the state's economy:
1) Uttarakhand's GSDP increased at a CAGR of 16.03% between 2004-05 to 2015-16, making it one of the fastest growing states in India.
2) Important sectors driving the state's growth include hydropower generation, tourism, forestry, and floriculture and horticulture.
3) The state has significant potential for further development in hydropower generation, with an estimated potential of over 25,000 MW, compared to current installed capacity of around 2,441.82 MW.
An Industrial Case Study of Automatically Identifying Performance Regression-...SAIL_QU
1) Performance regressions in software can be caused by changes that impact resources like CPU usage, memory, disk I/O, and network I/O.
2) A study of performance regressions in industrial software identified the most common causes, like adding frequently executed database queries or mismatched database indices.
3) The study leveraged a repository of performance data across versions to analyze regression causes by comparing counter values and finding patterns associated with known causes.
Maharashtra has the highest GDP contribution and FDI of any Indian state. It is the most industrialized state with major industries in sectors like automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and engineering. Mumbai is India's financial and commercial capital. The state aims to continue strong economic growth through policies supporting infrastructure, agriculture, tourism, and skill development.
1. The document discusses several theories of industrial location including Weber's model, Bid Rent theory, and Losch's market area analysis.
2. Weber's model proposes that industries locate based on minimizing costs of transportation, labor, and agglomeration. Bid Rent theory explains how land values decline with distance from the central business district due to increasing transportation costs.
3. Losch's market area analysis focuses on maximizing sales volume and profit by locating within the range of the market demand cone centered around population centers.
This document provides details for preparing an application for environmental clearance of a construction project. It includes the objective to prepare the proposal, methodology which involves providing checklists and drawings to the client. It then provides a case study of the Vatika Urban Expression project with details of the project, population calculation, water and waste management, parking and power requirements. It aims to obtain environmental clearance for the proposed construction.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion (IC) engines. It begins by defining an IC engine as a heat engine where combustion of a fuel occurs within the engine, applying force via pistons, turbines, or nozzles to convert heat energy into mechanical energy. It then classifies IC engines based on their operation, including two-stroke, four-stroke, diesel, gasoline, rotary, gas turbine, and jet engines. The document describes the basic components and functioning of reciprocating piston engines like the cylinder block, pistons, valves and combustion process. It also discusses engine applications in vehicles, power generation, and machinery.
The Factors That Affect To Location Of Industrygeographypods
The document summarizes the key factors that affect the location of industry:
1) Land availability and cost, access to raw materials, labor supply, transportation infrastructure, energy sources, proximity to markets, and government incentives all influence where industries choose to locate.
2) Modern industries are less restricted in their location choices and may prioritize quality of life factors for workers, though access to raw materials, labor, transportation, and markets remain important determinants for many industries.
This document provides an overview of socio-economic impact assessments that are included as part of Environmental Impact Assessments. It describes how socio-economic impact assessments examine how proposed developments may change lives in communities and identifies appropriate enhancement and mitigation measures. The document outlines the process for conducting socio-economic assessments, including preparing questionnaires, collecting primary and secondary data, analyzing the data, predicting impacts, and recommending CSR activities to reduce impacts and support community development. The goal of socio-economic assessments is to promote sustainable development and improve livelihoods.
There are several key factors that affect where industry chooses to locate, including accessibility to transportation for importing and exporting materials, a climate that attracts workers, availability of flat land and power, access to capital, communication links, government incentives, available labor supply, and access to markets. Industry classifications include primary industries dealing with raw materials, secondary industries involving manufacturing, tertiary industries providing services, and quaternary industries focused on research and development.
The document discusses different types of industry and factors that influence industrial location. It covers primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary industries. Key factors in industrial location include availability of raw materials, labor supply, markets, transportation access, capital, energy sources, and government policies. Location theories aim to maximize profits and minimize costs by considering these various economic and transportation factors. Theories discussed include Weber's least-cost model and the concept of agglomeration economies.
The document provides information on Tamil Nadu's economy and Vision 2023 plan. Some key points:
- Tamil Nadu has a diversified economy with strong growth in GSDP and per capita income above the national average. Its Vision 2023 plan targets becoming one of Asia's top investment destinations and achieving six-fold growth in per capita income.
- The state has a large industrial base across sectors like automobiles, textiles, pharmaceuticals and IT. It aims to step up infrastructure investment significantly under Vision 2023 to further boost growth.
- Tamil Nadu produces a large talent pool annually and has well-developed social, physical and industrial infrastructure providing good connectivity and business opportunities across sectors.
Transportation plays a significant role in economic development and growth. It contributes to industries by enabling quick marketing of perishable goods. It also increases demand for goods by connecting new customers and markets. Transportation creates place and time utility by bridging production and consumption centers and allowing for faster distribution of products. It helps stabilize prices by moving commodities between surplus and deficit areas. India's transportation sector accounts for 6.4% of GDP, with road transportation making up 5.4% of GDP. Improved transportation infrastructure leads to economic benefits like lower prices, more product variety, and overall economic growth and efficiency.
This document provides an overview of economic impact analysis. It defines economic impact analysis as estimating how spending associated with an event, project, or industry flows through a regional economy. It discusses the basic structure of input-output models, including direct, indirect and induced effects. It also covers assumptions of economic impact analysis and considerations like defining the direct effect, gross versus net impacts, and timing. The document provides examples of economic impact analyses of sporting events, ports, and biofuel plants to illustrate key concepts.
The document discusses socio-economic impact analysis for development projects. It defines socio-economic impact analysis as assessing the potential impacts of a proposed development activity on people's lives and communities. The analysis estimates the direct and indirect effects of a project on stakeholders. Impact analysis further determines how much any changes in outcomes can be attributed to the project, taking into non-monetary values. Key aspects of measuring impact include comparing groups that received project support to those that did not, as well as analyzing conditions before and after the project.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and diversified economy with a blend of tradition and technology. The state has experienced strong growth in GSDP in recent years. It has a large industrial base and is a leader in several key sectors like automobiles, textiles, IT and tourism. Tamil Nadu also has robust infrastructure including ports, airports and roads. The state government has an ambitious vision to make Tamil Nadu one of the most prosperous economies in India by 2023 through continued investment in infrastructure and key sectors.
Tamil Nadu has a diversified economy with strong growth in GSDP and per capita income. The state has a large industrial base and manufacturing sector. It also has a thriving services sector such as IT/ITeS. Tamil Nadu aims to further boost its infrastructure like roads, ports and education to attract more investment as part of its Vision 2023 plan.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and growing economy, as evidenced by its GSDP of Rs. 14.27 trillion (US$ 221.42 billion) in 2017-18, which grew at a CAGR of 11.28% between 2011-12 and 2017-18. The state has a diversified industrial base across sectors like automobiles, textiles, IT/ITeS and is a leader in India in terms of number of factories and industrial workers. Tamil Nadu also has well-developed infrastructure including roads, ports, airports and a skilled workforce, supporting its economic growth.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and diversified economy with a blend of tradition and technology. The state has experienced strong economic growth in recent years with its GSDP growing at a CAGR of 11.46% between 2011-12 and 2018-19. It has a large industrial base and is a leader in several industries such as automobiles, textiles, IT and tourism. Tamil Nadu also has robust infrastructure including roads, ports, airports and a skilled workforce that has helped attract cumulative FDI of $29.28 billion as of December 2018. The state aims to further boost its economy and investments through initiatives like the Global Investors Meet.
'Make in India- Promoting entrepreneurship & Innovation' Resurgent India
India has natural advantages of a big labor pool and domestic market. It is critical for it to become a manufacturing powerhouse in order to gainfully employ its demographic dividend.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and diversified economy with a blend of tradition and technology. The state has seen strong economic growth in recent years with its GSDP growing at a CAGR of 11.28% between 2011-12 and 2017-18. It has a large industrial base and is a leader in several key sectors like automobiles, textiles, IT/ITeS and tourism. Tamil Nadu also has robust infrastructure including roads, ports, airports and an emphasis on developing social infrastructure like education and healthcare. The state aims to further boost its economy and attract investments through its Vision 2023 plan.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and growing economy, as evidenced by its GSDP which grew at a CAGR of 11.46% between 2011-12 and 2018-19, reaching Rs. 16.06 trillion (US$ 222.58 billion) in 2018-19. The state has a diversified industrial base and thriving services sector, especially in IT/ITeS. It also has robust infrastructure including roads, ports, airports, and an emphasis on further infrastructure development. With various initiatives like Vision 2023, Tamil Nadu aims to boost its economy and attract significant domestic and foreign investments over the coming years.
Tamil Nadu has a strong and diversified economy that is growing rapidly. The state's Gross State Domestic Product grew at a compound annual growth rate of 11.28% between 2011-12 and 2017-18, reaching Rs. 14.27 trillion (US$ 221.42 billion) in 2017-18. Tamil Nadu has a large industrial base and is a leader in several industries such as automobiles, textiles, IT and tourism. It also has well-developed infrastructure and a skilled workforce. The state aims to further boost its economy and quality of life through its Vision 2023 plan.
The compendium aims to showcase the vast growth potential of the northern region and the plethora of opportunities available to attract sizable investments in different sectors ranging from agro processing, infrastructure, tourism, IT & ITeS to Biotechnology. Together these states/UT contribute nearly 26 percent to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Further, the region contributes nearly 32 percent to the country’s agriculture sector, 31 percent of the total geographical area and houses nearly 31 percent of the total population. This accompanied with rising income levels and facilitative government measures has further added to the attractiveness of the region.
In the past, though the region fell behind the western region in attracting foreign direct investment, pro-active government support in terms of incentives and dialogues with investors, development of infrastructure especially in power and roads and availability of educated professionals and skilled labour is expected to go a long way in attracting long-term investment inflow.
The CII-KPMG report was released at the Second Edition of Invest North: A Conclave to Showcase Investment Opportunities in Northern States organized by CII on 26-27 August 2013 at New Delhi.
Tamil Nadu has well-developed infrastructure including over 4,800 km of national highways and over 10,700 km of state highways. The state is focused on upgrading its road infrastructure through projects like a $500 million World Bank-funded initiative. Tamil Nadu also has a comprehensive public bus transportation system serving both urban and rural areas. Overall, the document provides an overview of Tamil Nadu's transportation infrastructure focusing on the status of its road network.
This document analyzes economic growth across Indian states between 2002-2012 and provides projections for 2025. It groups states into four categories based on per capita GDP: very high performing, high performing, performing, and low performing. Eight high performing states including Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra accounted for 45% of India's GDP in 2012. These states grew faster than the national average over the last two decades due to advantages like manufacturing in Gujarat and services in Tamil Nadu. More recently, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh have converged due to strong governance, infrastructure investments, and economic reforms that spurred growth in sectors like agriculture, construction, power and tourism.
Uttar Pradesh has a strong economic base with a GSDP of $213 billion in 2017-18. The state contributes significantly to India's economy through installed power capacity, internet subscribers, and national highway length. The services sector is the largest contributor to GSDP at 48% followed by primary at 27% and secondary at 25%. FDI inflows into the state since 2000 have been $680 million. The state budget has been growing at over 11% annually, indicating focus on development.
This report looks at the feasibility study and entry strategy for Tata Pick Up truck Xenon to enter in Malaysia. This study covers the basic principles of a management course such as PESTEL Analysis, HOFSTEDE Culture, 5C Analysis, Value Chain Analysis, SWOT Analysis, 4P Analysis, and the Business Environment Analysis
Uttar Pradesh has experienced strong economic growth in recent years. Its GSDP and NSDP have grown at a CAGR of 11.29% and 11.24% respectively between 2011-12 and 2017-18. The tertiary sector is the largest contributor to GSDP, accounting for 50.47% in 2017-18. FDI inflows into the state since April 2000 have reached US$ 660 million. The state budget has also grown substantially, increasing by 11.4% in 2018-19 over the previous year.
INDIAN ECONOMY & SECTORIAL CONTRIBUTION IN GDP.Ammar Dalvi
The Indian economy has a GDP of $1.824 trillion, with the service sector contributing the most at 56.9% of GDP. Agriculture contributes 17.4% despite facing problems like poor infrastructure and lack of storage facilities. The industrial sector, including textiles, retail, and manufacturing, contributes 28.8% but has potential for more growth. Information technology and business process outsourcing are major contributors to the strong service sector. Addressing agricultural challenges and increasing manufacturing output could help develop the Indian economy further.
INDIAN ECONOMY &SECTORIAL CONTRIBUTION IN GDPAmmar Dalvi
The Indian economy has a GDP of $1.824 trillion, with the service sector contributing the most at 56.9% of GDP. Agriculture contributes 17.4% despite facing problems like poor infrastructure and lack of storage. The industrial sector accounts for 28.8% of GDP and could contribute more by developing manufacturing. The document outlines India's economic size and growth, sector-wise GDP breakdown, key industries, and issues facing agriculture that could be addressed to increase its economic contribution.
The document provides an overview of Tamil Nadu's economy and key sectors. Some of the highlights include:
- Tamil Nadu's GSDP grew at a CAGR of 11.68% between 2004-05 and 2015-16, reaching US$ 175.33 billion in 2015-16.
- The state has a diversified industrial base with a strong presence in sectors like automobiles, textiles, leather products and pharmaceuticals.
- Tamil Nadu aims to step up infrastructure investment and develop two industrial corridors as part of its Vision 2023 plan to achieve six-fold growth in per capita income.
- Key sectors identified for investment include energy, transport, industrial and urban infrastructure under the vision
Uttar Pradesh is India's largest producer of food grains and vegetables. Some key points:
1) Uttar Pradesh accounted for 17.83% of India's total food grain output in 2016-17, producing 49.1 million tonnes of grains including rice, wheat, and pulses.
2) The state is the largest producer of vegetables in India, with a production of 26.4 million tonnes in 2016-17.
3) The state budget of Uttar Pradesh grew 10.9% in 2017-18 to US$ 59.7 billion, allocated across various sectors.
Self- Help Groups, a model for Economic Growth in Nagalandpaperpublications3
Abstract: The Economic status of a nation or a state is largely associated by the presence of industries, companies and manufacturing units. The state of Nagaland though surprisingly devoid of the presence of such industries and companies has been making steady progress over the years in its economic status but at a slow phase. The introduction of the Self- help Group scheme in the state in 1999-2000 has been a blessing to the people in many respects. The present paper dwells on the immense contribution made by the SHGs towards the growth of the state’s economy. It brings out to light the role of SHGs in strengthening the economic position of the state, employment opportunities generated and the number of people seriously engaged in the SHGs. The paper attempts to examine the huge potentiality SHGs have in the absence of industries and companies by making a case study of three districts of Nagaland viz. Peren, Kohima and Dimapur districts. It also brings out the SHGs –Bank linkage programmes in the state. For this purpose the paper is divided into three sections. Section I deals with introductory remarks and outlines, the significance of self help groups for employment generation with the infusion of low capital. It also provided an input to analyse the data relating to self help groups from an all India perspective Vis a Vis to self help groups in north eastern states. Section II draws attention of the economic profile of the state and also focus on the sample size for the study emphasising on the impact of self help groups and their contribution to socio- economic development. Section III analyses the findings of the study and provides concluding remarks and suggestions.
Uttar Pradesh has a strong economic base as the largest producer of food grains and vegetables in India. The state's GSDP and NSDP have grown at a CAGR of 11.29% and 11.24% respectively between 2011-12 to 2017-18. The per capita GSDP and NSDP have also increased at a CAGR of 9.61% and 9.56% during this period, demonstrating steady economic growth. Major sectors contributing to the state's economy include agriculture, industrial infrastructure, and tourism.
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A Study of Tamilnadu's Economy and its contribution to India's GDP
1. 2011
A Study of the Economy of Tamil
Nadu and its contribution to
India’s GDP
Navin Kumar (82)
Nisheeth Gupta (90)
Prateek Varma (99)
Rajesh Allam (107)
Rohit Deshpande (116)
Saket Mishra (124)
Saurav Gupta (133)
Siddharth Arora (139)
Subhiksha Sekhar (148)
Uttam Kumar Satapathy (157)
2. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Contents
Aim of the Project ................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Tamil Nadu and the Four Largest Economies of India – A Comparison................................................ 5
NSDP .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Tax Revenues ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Human Development Indicator ........................................................................................................... 7
State Economy ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Tamil Nadu’s GSDP ........................................................................................................................... 8
Tamil Nadu’s NSDP ........................................................................................................................... 9
Per Capita GSDP................................................................................................................................. 9
GDP of India and GSDP of Tamil Nadu........................................................................................... 10
Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 11
GDP and Agricultural Growth in Tamil Nadu ...................................................................................... 11
Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 12
GDP and Industrial Growth in Tamil Nadu .......................................................................................... 13
Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 14
GDP and Services Growth in Tamil Nadu ............................................................................................ 14
Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 16
Per capita Income: Tamil Nadu vis-à-vis All India .............................................................................. 16
GSDP and Per capita Income – A Comparison with Major States ................................................... 17
References ............................................................................................................................................. 19
2
3. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Aim of the Project
The aim of this paper is to analyze the trends of economic growth in Tamil Nadu over the
period 1999-2009. The relation between growth rate of National GDP and State GDP is
established through variation analysis. This has been used to determine the contribution of
Tamil Nadu’s GSDP towards the GDP of India. A parallel analysis has been performed to
discover the sectorwise contribution of agriculture and manufacturing towards the GSDP of
Tamil Nadu.
3
4. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Introduction
Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 sq km. It is the eleventh-largest state and the seventh-
most-populous state in India; it has 32 districts. Tamil Nadu is among the most industrialised
states in the country. It also has a rich tradition of literature, music and dance. Tamil is the
state language; English is also commonly used for communication and as a medium of
education. Chennai is the capital city. Coimbatore, Madurai, Thiruchirappalli, Salem,
Tirunelveli and Erode are some of the other key cities in the state.
The following is a snapshot of the economic environment of the state:
• Highly industrialised with greater level of urbanisation - Tamil Nadu has attracted
several industrial sectors that are a part of India s new economy sectors. In the last
three years, these industries have helped the state achieve over 13 per cent of GSDP
growth. The Census 2001 highlighted that Tamil Nadu has the highest level of
urbanisation rate (43.86 per cent) among all states.
• Among the states with larger FDI inflows - The state attracted cumulative FDI
inflows of US$ 5.7 billion between April 2000 and May 2010 and is amongst the
highest FDI attracting states. FDI inflows have helped achieve greater technological
advancement and more exportable products.
• Rich labourpool and low cost of manpower - The state comprises of well-qualified,
skilled, disciplined, productivity-oriented and English-speaking workforce. The
standard of education and educational institutions is highly rated in the country.
Average wages are also lower than similar workforce in the developed countries.
• Facilitating infrastructure - Infrastructure development of Chennai have been rated
better than other big cities by independent site evaluation studies of organisations
such as Ford, the World Bank, BMW, Foxconn, Standard Chartered, Nokia and
Flextronics.
• Good living standards and low crime rate - The state has largely peaceful living
conditions and has low crime rate, making it an attractive destination for industries.
There are several places for recreation and tourism.
• Political environment - The state has a stable political environment with a single-
party government. Successive state governments have been committed towards
creating a progressive business environment.
4
5. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Tamil Nadu and the Four Largest Economies of India – A
Comparison
NSDP
The graph shown below is for the data using the Net State Domestic Product obtained from
RBI website for years 1980 – 2009 (29 years). It shows the NSDP of the top 5 states over the
years and its growth.
NSDP at current prices
900000
800000
700000
600000
Maharashtra
500000 UttarPradesh
400000 AndhraPradesh
TamilNadu
300000
Gujarat
200000
100000
0
198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008
State Maharashtra Uttar Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu Gujarat
CAGR 14.74 12.73 15.04 15.02 14.93
While Maharashtra contributes the most, Tamil Nadu has a CAGR of 15.02 % which is
greater than Maharashtra’s 14.74 % over 29 years. Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh are close
competitors with Tamil Nadu in NSDP, however having a higher growth rate Tamil Nadu
will overtake Uttar Pradesh in the near future.
In the period from 2000-2005, Tamil Nadu has shown a slightly more depleted growth
pattern than the other states, mostly because it was late on capitalizing on the information
5
6. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
technology boom than the other states. It has now, however picked up and has invited
investments from across all sectors of the economy.
Tax Revenues
Estimated Tax Revenues 2011
2011-15
Estimated Tax Revenues 2011-15
3033087
296417 323369 451777
179578 273424
All units are in Rs. Crores
As per the Planning commission predictions the tax revenues for the 13 planning period
2011-2015 are shown above.
Again, Maharashtra contributes the most to the Indian tax collections while Tamil Nadu ranks
4th which is consistent with its GSDP ranking. The point to be noted is that wh Uttar
while
Pradesh has a higher GSDP than Andhra Pradesh, it actually collects less taxes owing to more
unorganized businesses and agricultural sector there.
Tamil Nadu contributes to almost 9.01 % of tax collected in India.
6
7. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5 TamilNadu
Maharashtra
0.4
UttarPradesh
0.3 AndhraPradesh
Gujarat
0.2
0.1
0
1981 1991 2001 2011
Human Development Indica
Indicator
Year TamilNadu Maharashtra UttarPradesh AndhraPradesh Gujarat
1981 0.343 0.363 0.255 0.298 0.36
1991 0.466 0.452 0.314 0.377 0.431
2001 0.531 0.523 0.388 0.416 0.479
2011 0.675 0.689 0.49 0.572 0.621
CAGR 2.36 2.23 2.27 2.27 1.89
Over 30 years from 1981-2011, the HDI of Tamil Nadu has increased from 0.343 to 0.675
2011,
which in trend with the other big states as can be seen from the CAGR of 2.36 %.
However, the HDI of 0.675 is still only in the medium range and very close to the national
average of 0.647.
7
8. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
State Economy
Tamil Nadu’s GSDP
At current prices, the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Tamil Nadu was about US$
73.7 billion in 2008-09. The average GSDP growth rate from 1999-2000 to 2008-09 was
about 11.0 per cent.
Tamil Nadu's GSDP (US$ billion)
2008-09
2007-08
2006-07
2005-06
2004-05
2003-04 Tamil Nadu's GSDP (US$
2002-03 billion)
2001-02
2000-01
1999-00
0 20 40 60 80
Sectoral Contribution in TN SDP
Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing Total Industry Total Services Total
69% 69% 68% 70% 71% 72%
19% 19% 20% 18% 17% 17%
12% 12% 13% 12% 12% 11%
2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Source: CMIE
8
9. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Tamil Nadu’s NSDP
The Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) of Tamil Nadu was about US$ 65.0 billion in 2008-
09. The average NSDP growth rate from 1999-2000 to 2008-09 was about 10.9 per cent.
Tamil Nadu's NSDP (US$ billion)
2008-09
2007-08
2006-07
2005-06
2004-05
2003-04 Tamil Nadu's NSDP (US$
2002-03 billion)
2001-02
2000-01
1999-00
0 20 40 60 80
Source: CMIE
Per Capita GSDP
In 2008-09, the state s per capita GSDP was US$ 1,110.8. The per capita GSDP increased at
a CAGR of 10.1 per cent between 1999-2000 and 2008-09.
9
10. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Tamil Nadu's Per Capita GSDP (US$ Billion)
Tamil Nadu's Per Capita GSDP
(US$ Billion)
1400
1200
1000
800
600 1150.9 1110.8
1007.6
400
695.1 803.7
467.4 488.8 493.9 547.6 628.2
200
0
Source: CMIE
GDP of India and GSDP of Tamil Nadu
State SDP has increased even though there is a slight decrease in the India GDP.
The increment in the GSDP was majorly due to few factors:
• Tamil Nadu is an important IT hub. It is the second-largest software exporter by value
in India, after Karnataka. Software exports from Tamil Nadu have increased from
US$ 3.0 billion in 2005-06 to US$ 8.9 billion in 2009-2010 at a CAGR of 31.2
percent.
• In the last two decades, Tamil Nadu has attracted investments in the automotive
industry, particularly, in cars, railway coaches, tractors, motorcycles, automobile
spare parts and accessories, tyres and heavy vehicles. The automotive industry has a
crucial role in driving the state s economy; it contributes about 8 per cent to GSDP,
providing direct employment opportunities to about 300,000 people.
• FDI inflows between April 2000 and May 2010 were at US$ 5.7 billion.
10
11. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
GDP growth rate and GSDP rate of
Tamilnadu
14
12 12.1 11.75
10 10.51
9.51 9.58 9.33
8 8.32 7.95
7.14 6.75 % growth GDP
6
% growth GSDP
4
2
0
2005-06 2006-07
07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
CAGR of GSDP
Tamilnadu India
11
7.3
1999-2009
Source: CMIE
Data Analysis
India’s GDP growth rate and Tamil Nadu’s growth rate for the period 20052005-06 to 2009-10
was compared and the correlation coefficient was calculated as 0.44. This shows that there is
a weak correlation between the two.
GDP and Agricultural Growth in Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu has historically been an agricultural state, while its advances in other fields
launched the state into competition with other areas. Even so, Tamil Nadu is a leading
producer of agricultural products in India. Tamil Nadu agriculture is heavily dependent on the
river water and Monsoon rains. The perennial rivers are Palar, Cheyyar, Ponnaiyar, Kaveri,
Palar,
Meyar, Bhavani, Amaravati, Vaigai, Chittar&Tamaraparani. Non perennial rivers include the
Non-perennial
11
12. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Vellar, Noyal, Suruli, Gundar, Vaipar, Valparai and Varshali. Tamil Nadu is also the leading
producer of kambu, corn, rye, ground nuts, oil, seeds and sugar cane in India.
The principal food crops are rice, maize, jowar (cholam), bajra (cumbu), ragi, and pulses
(Bengalgram, Redgram, Greengram, Blackgram and Horsegram). The cash crops include
cotton, sugarcane, oilseeds, coffee, tea, rubber, coconut, gingelly and chillies. The important
horticultural products are bananas and mangoes. The state is the largest producer of bananas,
flowers, tapioca, the second largest producer of mangoes, natural rubber, coconut, groundnut
and the third largest producer of coffee, sapota, tea and sugarcane. Tamil Nadu's sugarcane
yield per hectare is the highest in India. The state has 17,000 hectares of land under oil palm
cultivation, the second highest in India. Paddy is grown in large excess because rice is the
main staple food of the state.
Tamil Nadu AgricuIture Growth vs.
SDP Growth
SDP Agricuture
23.52% 25.36%
12.99% 11.91%
17.81% 21.24% 8.92%
13.41% 15.21% 15.42%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Tamil Nadu AgricuIture Growth vs.
India's GDP Growth
India GDP Growth TN Agriculture
23.52%
25.36%
12.99%
11.91%
8.92%
9.51% 9.58% 9.33%
6.75% 7.95%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Data Analysis
India’s GDP growth rate, Tamil Nadu’s GSDP and Agricultural growth rate for the period
2005-06 to 2009-10 was compared. The correlation coefficient between India’s GDP growth
12
13. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
and Tamil Nadu’s agriculture sector was 0.71 and that of Tamil Nadu’s GDP and its
agriculture sector was calculated as 0.85. Thus the relation tends towards a strong correlation
in both cases.
GDP and Industrial Growth in Tamil Nadu
With a view to promote the industrial activities, Tamil Nadu is creating a favourable
industrial climate in the state by announcing pro-active industrial policies. During 2008-09,
the government has signed 12 memorandum of understandings with an investment of
Rs.25050 crore and issued structured package sanctioning orders for 7 other projects with an
investment of Rs.5462 crore.
The `Global Economic Slowdown’ had its impact in the State economy also. The
manufacturing sub-sectors of the State economy viz. textiles, wearing apparels, leather, wood
products, chemicals, non-metallic minerals, basic metals, software and hardware of IT
industries, transport equipments, automobiles have experienced lower production compared
to that of the previous year’s level due to lower demand and power shortages.
The income originated from the manufacturing sector to GSDP increased from Rs.43874
crore in 2007-08 to Rs.44758 crore in 2008-09 and thereby registered a growth of 1.77 per
cent but at a decelerated rate when compared to previous year.
At the national level, the industrial scenario of Tamil Nadu continues to retain its position as
in the previous year. As per the ASI data 2005-06, Tamil Nadu occupies the first position in
having the number of factories and the total number of persons engaged in the industrial
process. In respect of all the other principal characteristics, viz. Fixed capital, productive
capital, gross value of output and net value added, the State retains its third position as in the
previous year. At the national level, the State is sharing 15.17 per cent of factories, 9.94 per
cent in fixed capital, 14.88 per cent in persons engaged. 9.76 per cent in gross value of output
and 8.97 per cent in net value added. The Growth of Industrial Sector, measured by the Index
of Industrial production for the year 2008-09 showed a decelerated growth of 1.7 per cent
compared to 5.0 per cent in 2007-08. The manufacturing sub–group also achieved a sub-dued
growth of 2.4 per cent as against 5.0 per cent in the previous year. The other two sub-groups
viz. mining and electricity had registered a negative growth of 1.2 per cent and 2.3 per cent
respectively. At the national level also, the overall growth of industrial production
decelerated to 2.4 per cent in the review year from 8.5 per cent achieved in the previous year.
13
14. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Tamil Nadu Industry Growth vs. SDP
Growth
SDP Industry
25.60%
17.81%
21.24% 15.21% 15.42%
13.41%
17.02%
14.22%
8.25%
4.23%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Tamil Nadu Industry Growth vs.
India's GDP Growth
India GDP Growth TN Industry
25.60%
17.02%
14.22%
9.58% 9.33% 8.25%
9.51% 7.95%
4.23% 6.75%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Data Analysis
India’s GDP growth rate, Tamil Nadu’s GSDP and Industrial growth rate for the period 2005-
06 to 2009-10 was compared. The correlation coefficient between India’s GDP growth and
Tamil Nadu’s industrial sector was 0.42 and that of Tamil Nadu’s GDP and its industrial
sector was calculated as 0.96. Thus the relation tends towards a strong correlation in the latter
case while there is a weak correlation in the former case.
GDP and Services Growth in Tamil Nadu
Chennai is the second largest software exporter in India, next to Bangalore. India's largest IT
park is housed at Chennai. Software exports from Tamil Nadu during 2008-09 rose 29 per
cent to touch 36,680 crore, involving a workforce of 2.8 lakh. Chennai is a hub for e-
publishing, as there are 47 e-publishing units registered with the STPI in Chennai and 25 in
Bangalore. Companies such as HCL, Wipro, TCS, Satyam, Infosys,Cognizant Technology
14
15. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Solutions, Covansys, Ford Information Technology, Xansa, Verizon, iSoft, iNautix,
Electronic Data Systems, Bally and many others have offices in Chennai. Infosys
Technologies has set up India's largest software development centre to house 25,000 software
professionals at an estimated investment of 12,500 million ($270 million) in Chennai.[52]
India's largest IT park - SIPCOT is housed at Siruseri - Chennai, It has numerous IT
companies such as TCS, CTS, Syntel, Steria, Polaris, Patni, Hexaware etc. TCS alone has
acquired 70 acres (280,000 m2) of land at a cost of about Rs.13 crore with an employee force
of 25,000.
This is a chart of trend of software exports from Tamil Nadu published by ELCOT
(Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu Ltd.) with figures in millions of Indian Rupees.
Software Software
Year Exports Companies
1995 370 34
2000 31,160 766
2005 1,41,150 1,427
2007–
2008 2,84,900 -
2008–
2009 3,66,800 -
2009–
2010 3,67,660 -
Tamil Nadu Service Growth vs. SDP
Growth
SDP Service
21.24%
17.81% 17.60% 16.82%
16.14%
19.32%
17.07% 15.21% 15.42%
13.41%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
15
16. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Tamil Nadu Service Growth vs. India's
GDP Growth
India GDP Growth TN Service
19.32% 17.60%
17.07% 16.82%
16.14%
9.58% 9.33%
9.51% 7.95%
6.75%
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Data Analysis
India’s GDP growth rate, Tamil Nadu’s GSDP and Services growth rate for the period 2005-
06 to 2009-10 was compared. The correlation coefficient between India’s GDP growth and
Tamil Nadu’s service sector was 0.11 and that of Tamil Nadu’s GDP and its service sector
was calculated as 0.89. Thus the relation tends towards a strong correlation in the latter case
while there is a weak correlation in the former case.
Per capita Income: Tamil Nadu vis-à-vis All India
The standard of living of the people is reflected through the per capita income earned by them
in the respective year. In the State, the per capita income in real terms increased from
Rs.29445/- in 2007-08 to Rs.30652/- in 2008-09 and registered a growth of 4.10 per cent,
which is marginally higher than 3.97 per cent recorded in the previous year. However, the
growth rate decelerated from 11.24 per cent achieved in 2005-06. It can be noted that at
National level, the per capita income both at current and constant prices is comparatively
lower than at the State level. All India per capita income increased from Rs.24295/- in 2007-
08 to Rs.25474/- in real terms and recorded a growth of 4.94 per cent which decelerated from
7.60 per cent achieved in 2007-08. However, it can be seen that during the first two years of
the Eleventh Plan period, in real terms, the Annual Average Growth Rate of State per capita
income is 4.04 per cent which is lower than 6.27 per cent at national level.
Per Capita Income (1999-2000 Series)
Tamil Nadu All India
At Current Prices At Constant Prices At Current Prices At Constant Prices
Income Growth Income Growth Income Growth Income Growth
(Rupees Rate (Rupees Rate (Rupees Rate (Rupees Rate
Year ) (%) ) (%) ) (%) ) (%)
2000-01 20972 7.93 20318 4.56 16688 5.08 16173 1.84
2002-02 20942 -0.14 19748 -2.81 17782 6.56 16769 3.69
2002-03 21830 4.24 19662 -0.44 18885 6.20 17109 2.03
16
17. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
2003-04 24087 10.34 20707 5.31 20871 10.52 18301 6.97
2004-05 27512 14.22 22975 10.95 23198 11.15 19331 5.63
2005-06 31663 15.09 25558 11.24 26003 12.09 20868 7.95
2006-07 37190 17.46 28320 10.81 29524 13.54 22580 8.20
2007-08 40757 9.59 29445 3.97 33283 12.73 24295 7.60
2008-09 45058 10.55 30652 4.10 37490 12.64 25494 4.94
Elevent
h Plan 10.07 4.04 12.69 6.27
Period
AAGR
Per Capita Income (1999-2000 Series) at Constant
Prices
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000 Tamil Nadu
10000 All India
0
GSDP and Per capita Income – A Comparison with Major States
Gross State Domestic Product and Per Capita Income –
Major States (At 1999-2000 Prices)
GSDP (Rs. Crore) Per Capita Income (Rupees)
State
1999-00 2008-09 CAGR 1999-00 2008-09 CAGR
Andhra Pradesh 128797 252318 7.76 15427 26983 6.41
Assam 34833 54477 5.09 12282 16597 3.40
Bihar 50174 98393 7.78 5786 9586 5.77
Gujarat* 109861 213674 8.67 18864 31780 6.74
Haryana 51391 112543 9.10 23229 42267 6.88
Karnataka 101247 181338 6.69 17502 27385 5.10
Kerala* 69168 126453 5.17 19461 32961 6.81
Madhya Pradesh * 80132 103503 3.25 12384 13299 0.90
Maharashtra 247830 416248 5.93 23011 33302 4.19
Orissa 42910 78410 6.93 10567 16945 5.39
Punjab 67162 103415 4.91 25631 33153 2.90
17
18. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
Rajasthan 82720 140523 6.06 13619 19079 3.82
Tamil Nadu 134185 228479 6.09 19432 30652 5.19
Uttar Pradesh 175159 270850 4.96 13516 25114 7.13
West Bengal * 135376 220198 6.27 15888 23229 4.86
All India 1786526 3339375 7.20 15881 25494 5.40
Note – * Up to 2007-08. Source: Central Statistical Organisation, New Delhi.
The highest per capita income is noticed in Haryana where it increased from Rs.23229/- in
1999-2000 to Rs.42267/- in 2008-09 with an Annual Compound Growth Rate of 6.88 per
cent. In Tamil Nadu, it increased from Rs.19432/- to Rs.30652/- which is higher than
that of all India but registered a lower annual compound growth rate of 5.19 per cent.
States like Gujarat (6.74%), Andhra Pradesh (6.41%), Kerala (6.81%), Orissa (5.39%) and
Uttar Pradesh (7.13%) had a higher growth rate in per capita income when compared to
Tamil Nadu and other States.
The disparity in the growth rate of per capita income between the States is due to differences
in private investment and public expenditure, differences in the distribution of State
Governments’ expenditure, State policies, implementation of welfare schemes, etc.
Per Capita Income (Rs.) 2008-09 ( at 1999-2000 prices)
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000 Per Capita
5000 Income (Rs.)
0
The Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR) for the period from 1999-00 to 2007-08 in
real terms for 15 major States representing nearly 90 per cent of population in the country
was compared. The comparison showed that the Gross State Domestic Product at constant
prices in Tamil Nadu increased from Rs.134185 crore in 1999-2000 to Rs.228479 crore in
2008-09 which was fairly high in absolute value when compared to Haryana where it
increased from Rs.51391 crore to Rs.112543 crore for the respective period. However,
Haryana occupied the first position with an annual compound growth rate of 9.10 per cent
whereas Tamil Nadu was ranked seventh with 6.09 per cent whereas it was 7.20 per cent at
the national level. It is noted that the CAGR for Bihar (7.78%) and Orissa (6.93%) is higher
than Tamil Nadu (6.09%).
Three major reasons for these differences can be said to be fiscal, infrastructure and human
resources development.
18
19. A Study of the Economy of Tamil Nadu and its contribution to India’s GDP
GSDP (Rs. Crore) in 2008-09 ( at 1999-2000 prices)
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000 GSDP (Rs. Crore)
0
References
• Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Chennai – 6.
• Central Statistical Organisation, New Delhi.
• http://www.tn.gov.in/
• http://www.tn.gov.in/deptst/Stat.htm
• http://www.ait.com/
• http://www.rubberboard.org.in/RSN/RSNEWSOCT06.pdf
• http://nhm.nic.in/ActionPlan/ActionPlan_TamilNadu.pdf
• http://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationReportDetails.aspx?fromdate=10/07/05&Sec
Id=21&SubSecId=0
• http://www.tn.gov.in/policynotes/agriculture.htmTN
• http://www.tn.gov.in/crop/areaproduction.htm
• www.cmie.com/
19